KR20210047052A - Protection Apparatus using Metal-Insulator Transition Element - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a protective device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transition element, which comprises: an outlet (310) which supplies power; an internal power device (200) which supplies power to a home appliance or an industrial electric device (300) through AC power lines (311,312) connected to the outlet (310); and an MIT overcurrent and overtemperature protective device (100) connected to the internal power device (200) and disposed at an entrance of a power terminal. The MIT overcurrent and overtemperature protective device (100) includes an MIT 3-terminal transistor (10), an MIT current sensor (16), an overcurrent control circuit (20), an MIT transistor driving circuit (30), an overtemperature detection circuit (40), and an MIT temperature sensor (50). The MIT current sensor (16) compares an output signal of the current sensor with a predetermined value, and outputs a control voltage (Vc) through the overcurrent control circuit (20) when a current greater than the predetermined value is detected. The MIT temperature sensor (50) instantaneously undergoes a property change from an insulator to a metal at a predetermined temperature or higher, and outputs the control voltage (Vc) through the overtemperature detection circuit (40). The output control voltage (Vc) blocks the MIT transistor (10) through the MIT transistor driving circuit (30).

Description

Protection Apparatus using Metal-Insulator Transition Element}

The present invention relates to an overcurrent and/or overtemperature protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transfer element. In particular, it relates to a protection device using a metal-insulator transition (MIT: Metal-Insulator Transition) sensor that detects overcurrent and/or overtemperature by placing it at the entrance of a power supply terminal of a home appliance or industrial electric device.

In the current power conversion device, a power semiconductor device is used as the main switch device, so the lifespan is long, the response speed of the output voltage is fast, and the power consumption is relatively low. In addition, it is resistant to impact and has advantages in miniaturization and thinning. In particular, as energy saving and environmental problems emerge, power supplies are used for various purposes for home and industrial use. In general, when overcurrent and/or overheat occurs in systems such as various home appliances, industrial devices, motor control devices, power supplies, lighting devices, battery charging devices, and induction heating devices, the system is damaged, or There was a problem of fire due to overheating.

In addition, various home appliances, industrial devices, motor control devices, power supply devices, lighting devices, battery charging devices, and induction heating devices are generally built into the heat dissipation case of a sealed structure, so the heat problem must be solved and normal operation can be performed. In order to prevent the occurrence of overcurrent and/or overtemperature, design of a system is required.

As related prior documents, Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-1999-0002140, Publication Date 1999. 01. 15. (hereinafter referred to as [Patent Document 1]) proposed a power supply device for overvoltage/overcurrent protection to an exchange. In the above [Patent Document 1], the overvoltage and overcurrent protection in the exchange system through an interface circuit for overvoltage protection, a comparator, and a transfer circuit in a power supply device having a rectifier circuit that rectifies AC power and supplies it to the main power of the exchange system. I'm suggesting.

In addition, Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-1687358, published on December 16, 2016 (hereinafter referred to as [Patent Document 2]) discloses an LED converter protection circuit. In the above [Patent Document 2], when overvoltage or overcurrent is detected at the input terminal or output terminal of the LED module unit, a protection circuit is driven to stabilize the voltage at both ends of the LED module unit and control the upper limit of the current to prevent damage to the LED, When the LED module is damaged or an individual LED has a problem, it is proposing an LED converter protection circuit that can block overvoltage or overcurrent inflow to the LED converter and reduce the PWM (pulse width modulation) driving loss of the LED converter.

In addition, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1813262, Announcement Date 2018. 01. 02. (hereinafter referred to as [Patent Document 3]) uses hysteresis to protect wireless-coupled power devices from overvoltage, overcurrent and overtemperature. Apparatus and method have been disclosed. In the above [Patent Document 3], a device for protecting the power device from overtemperature by using a comparator having hysteresis characteristics to protect the power device from overvoltage or overcurrent, and using a thermistor whose resistance value changes according to temperature has been proposed.

However, in the above [Patent Document 1] to [Patent Document 3], there is a problem in that it is difficult to block the power supply at the same time by simply protecting the system from overcurrent and/or overtemperature by being disposed at the power supply terminal of a household or industrial electric device.

Korean Patent Application Publication No. 10-1999-0002140, Publication date 1999. 01. 15. Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-1687358, Announcement Date 2016. 12. 16. Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-1813262, Announcement Date 2018. 01. 02.

The present invention is invented to solve such a conventional problem, and is disposed at the power supply terminal of a household or industrial electric device to detect a current, detects a temperature at the power supply terminal or a major part where heat is generated, and provides a constant current. The object of the present invention is to provide a protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transition element to detect the occurrence of overcurrent from above, to detect the occurrence of overtemperature above a certain temperature, and to cut off the power supply.

In the present invention for achieving the above object, a home appliance or industrial electric device 300 is disposed at the power supply terminal, and first, an MIT current sensor 16, an overcurrent control circuit 20, one or a plurality of MIT temperature sensors ( 50, 50-1 to 50-5), an overtemperature detection circuit 40, an MIT transistor driving circuit 30, and a device using the MIT transistor 10 are provided, and the second, MIT current sensor 16, overcurrent control Circuit 20, one or more MIT temperature sensors 50, 50-1 to 50-5, overtemperature detection circuit 40, MIT current sensor 16, relay driving circuit 70, relay ) A device using (60) is used as a means of solving a specific problem. In addition, an overcurrent control circuit 20 using a comparator 25, an overtemperature detection circuit 40 using one or more MIT temperature sensors 50, 50-1 to 50-5 and the first N-type transistor 11 ), and propose a relay driving circuit 70 composed of a second N-type transistor 76, a first P-type transistor 71, and a standby power reduction unit 72, and overtemperature for a specific implementation of the present invention. The detection circuit 40 and the relay driving circuit 70 are used as means of solving the problem.

In the present invention, first, since the MIT current sensor is used instead of the conventional current sensor, there is almost no power loss, and overcurrent can be detected quickly and accurately. Second, a fire occurs because the MIT temperature sensor is used instead of the conventional NTC thermistor. Since the metal-insulator instantaneous transition phenomenon is rapidly used in the vicinity of the temperature before (about 70 degrees), overtemperature can be detected quickly and accurately. Third, there is little power loss due to the use of MIT transistors, and there is no overcurrent and/or It has the advantage of quickly shutting off the main power when overtemperature occurs. Fourth, the MIT temperature sensor can be easily and selectively attached to a plurality of major parts or parts where heat prevention is essential.Fifth, the MIT temperature sensor is very simple. Temperature sensors can be arranged through parallel connection, and if overcurrent and/or overtemperature occurs in the sixth home appliance or industrial electric device 300, the power supply of the main power is cut off, and the overcurrent and/or overtemperature problem is solved. If it is, there is a very increased effect of returning the main power again.

Figure 1 (a) shows a conventional NTP thermistor, Figure 1 (b) shows a metal-insulator instantaneous transition (MIT) temperature device,
2 shows the resistance value change characteristics according to the temperature of a conventional NTP thermistor,
3 shows the resistance value change characteristics according to the temperature of a metal-insulator instantaneous transition (MIT) temperature device,
4 is a conceptual diagram of a protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transfer device according to the present invention,
5 shows an MIT temperature sensor overtemperature protection device according to a first embodiment of the present invention,
6 shows an MIT temperature sensor overtemperature protection device according to a second embodiment of the present invention,
7 shows an overtemperature detection circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention,
8 shows an overtemperature detection circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention,
9 shows an MIT current sensor and an overcurrent and overtemperature protection device of the MIT temperature sensor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
10 shows an overcurrent and overtemperature protection device of an MIT current sensor and an MIT temperature sensor according to a second embodiment of the present invention,
11 shows an overcurrent and overtemperature protection device of an MIT current sensor and an MIT temperature sensor according to a third embodiment of the present invention,
12 shows an overcurrent and overtemperature protection device of an MIT current sensor and an MIT temperature sensor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention,
13 is a photograph of a PCB of a sensor unit for a current sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention,
14 is a data and graph of measuring 60Hz AC current using the current sensor of an embodiment of the present invention,
15 is a graph of voltage characteristics for each current measured by the current sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention,
16 shows the relay driving circuit of the present invention.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of an overcurrent and/or overtemperature protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transition device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Specific structures or functions of the present invention described below are merely illustrated to describe embodiments according to the concept of the present invention, and embodiments according to the present invention may be implemented in various forms, and the embodiments described herein It should not be construed as being limited to the examples.

1(a) shows a conventional NTP thermistor, and FIG. 1(b) shows a metal-insulator instantaneous transition (MIT) temperature device. The conventional NTP (Negative Temperature Coefficient of Resistance) thermistor of FIG. 1(a) has a negative resistance characteristic in which the resistance value decreases when the temperature increases, and the resistance value increases when the temperature decreases. Mn, Ni, Cu. It is made by mixing two or more kinds of substances such as Fe. Fig. 1(a) is the data of the NTC Thermistors data sheet "NTCG Series (SMD, Pb Free) NTCG06/10/16/20 Types," (published in May 2009) of TDK in Japan. Currently, the existing NTP thermistor is used as a low-cost temperature sensor.

1(b) shows a metal-insulator instantaneous transition (MIT) temperature sensor element used in the present invention. Fig. 1(b) is a device invented by Dr. Hyun-Tak Kim's team at the Korea Institute of Electronics and Telecommunications (ETRI), and this patent is characterized by using the metal-insulator instantaneous transition (MIT) temperature sensor device.

2 shows the resistance value change characteristics according to the temperature of a conventional NTP thermistor. As the existing low-cost temperature sensor, the most used element is the NTP thermistor. However, in the case of the existing NTC thermistor, there is a problem in that the resistance value changes gradually rather than abruptly around 70 degrees, which is the starting temperature of the fire, and the characteristics of the existing NTP thermistor are different from each other, causing a fire. There is a problem in that it is difficult to accurately detect the temperature.

3 shows the characteristics of a change in resistance value according to temperature of a metal-insulator instantaneous transition (MIT) temperature device. First of all, compared with the conventional NTC thermistor, the NTC thermistor does not have a large change in resistance at room temperature 25[℃] or higher, and the temperature of about 70[℃] at which fire starts to actually occur in home appliances or industrial electric devices. There was a problem in that it was difficult to clearly detect the change in the resistance value at. However, the MIT temperature sensor used in this patent has a characteristic that the resistance value decreases very rapidly at a temperature of about 70[℃] (exactly 67[℃]). Through this, it is possible to accurately detect the temperature rise at the temperature just before the fire starts, and by actively using these characteristics, it is possible to realize the function of preventing fire and explosion in advance in home appliances or industrial electric devices.

4 shows a conceptual diagram of a protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transfer device according to the present invention. 4 is an MIT (Metal Insulator Transition) overcurrent at the entrance of a power supply terminal of a home appliance or industrial electric device (e.g., a home appliance, an industrial device, a motor control device, a power supply device, a lighting device, a battery charging device, and an induction heating device, etc.) And an overtemperature protection device 100 to detect and protect overcurrent and overtemperature in a home appliance or industrial electrical device 300, and the home appliance or industrial electrical device 300 stably through the internal power supply device 200 ) To the internal power supply 210 continuously.

5 shows an MIT temperature sensor overtemperature protection device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The proposed overtemperature protection device is characterized by using the MIT (Metal-Insulator Transition) temperature sensor. The biggest technical feature of the MIT temperature sensor is that the resistance value changes rapidly at a temperature of about 70 degrees (precisely 67 degrees), which is the temperature just before the fire occurs. Therefore, the internal power supply 210 is stably supplied to the home appliance or industrial electric device 300, and the temperature detection is performed by the MIT temperature sensor 50. The MIT temperature sensor 50 is technically characterized in that it can be selectively attached to a main part that generates heat in the home appliance or industrial electric device 300, or is disposed at a power supply terminal. When power is supplied to the home appliance or industrial electric device 300 through the outlet 310, it is the largest to arrange the MIT overtemperature protection device 100 between the internal power supply device 200 and the outlet 310. It is characterized by technical features. The MIT overtemperature protection device 100 detects a temperature from the MIT temperature sensor 50, and whether the detected temperature is about 70 degrees or more, which is an overtemperature at which a fire occurs through the overtemperature detection circuit 40 Is judged. If the overtemperature or higher at which the fire occurs, the overtemperature detection circuit 40 generates an output signal, and generates a signal to the MIT transistor 10 through the MIT transistor driving circuit 30, from the outlet 310. The biggest technical feature is to cut off the supplied main power.

Unlike a semiconductor transistor, the MIT transistor 10 is composed of three terminals of an inlet (I), an outlet (O), and a control (Control: C). Here, the inlet is an input terminal, the outlet is an output terminal, and the control is a control terminal, and unlike the conventional power semiconductor switch, it has very low power consumption and is characterized by fast operation. Above all, when a current flows through the control terminal (C terminal) of the MIT transistor 10, an MIT phenomenon occurs between the control terminal (C terminal) and the outlet terminal (O terminal), and the outlet terminal (O terminal) at the inlet terminal (I terminal). Terminal), a large current generated by MIT flows rapidly. Above all, the MIT transistor 10 has a discontinuous jump phenomenon when turned on, and is a device that switches between an insulator and a metal using an insulator (or semiconductor)-metal transition (MIT) phenomenon. .

6 shows an MIT temperature sensor overtemperature protection device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Above all, arranging the first to fifth MIT temperature sensors 50-1 to 50-5 in parallel in a plurality of main parts where heat is generated in the home appliance or industrial electric device 300 or in a part where heat prevention is essential. It is characterized by a technical feature.

Above all, by arranging the first to fifth MIT temperature sensors 50-1 to 50-5 in parallel, if the temperature of a specific part is overtemperature (about 70 degrees or more), (特定) The greatest technical feature is that the resistance value of the MIT temperature sensor decreases rapidly, and thus the MIT transistor 10 is ultimately cut off, thereby cutting off the main power supplied from the outlet 310.

7 shows an overtemperature detection circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 shows an overtemperature detection circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 7, only one MIT temperature sensor 50 is used, and in FIG. 8, a plurality of MIT temperature sensors 50-1 to 50-5 are used. To explain the operation, the resistance value of the MIT temperature sensors 50, 50-1 to 50-5 rapidly decreases above the overtemperature (about 70 degrees). In general, the resistance value decreases rapidly from 400[kΩ] to 50[Ω] near overtemperature. Through this, the control circuit operating voltage Vcc turns on the first N-type transistor 11 at an over temperature or higher, and the control voltage Vc is applied to the third resistor R3, thereby causing the first diode ( It is characterized in that it is output through D1). Since the MIT temperature sensors 50, 50-1 to 50-5 are devices whose resistance values rapidly change above overtemperature (about 70 degrees), the configuration of the overtemperature detection circuit 40 is very simple. It is characterized by a technical feature. Therefore, the greatest feature of the present invention is that one end of the MIT temperature sensor 50, 50-1 to 50-5 is disposed at the collector (C) terminal of the first N-type transistor 11, and the MIT temperature sensor The other end of (50, 50-1 to 50-5) is connected to the base (B) terminal of the first N-type transistor 11. A control circuit operating voltage (Vcc) is applied to the collector (C) terminal of the first N-type transistor 11, and the emitter (E) terminal of the first N-type transistor 11 is a third resistor (R3). And connected to the first capacitor C1. Therefore, when overtemperature occurs, a control voltage Vc is generated at the emitter (E) terminal of the first N-type transistor 11 and is output through the first diode D1.

9 shows an MIT current sensor and an overcurrent and overtemperature protection device of the MIT temperature sensor according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The proposed overcurrent and overtemperature protection device is characterized by a combination of the MIT current sensor and the MIT temperature sensor. Above all, resistance current sensors, Hall element-based current sensors, and magnetic current sensors, which are generally used for overcurrent detection, are not used, and the MIT current sensor 16 is used. This is because the MIT current sensor 16 is not a simple combination, but improved characteristics can be exhibited through it. Specifically, the characteristics of the MIT current sensor 16 will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 13 to 15. The MIT current sensor 16 is substantially first, very simple, second, no energy consumption, third, very high current measurement precision, fourth, low price, and fifth, detection of current in a non-contact method. There is a very synergistic effect possible.

The MIT current sensor 16 arranges the MIT electromagnetic wave measurement lead 15 parallel to the first AC power line 311, and measures electromagnetic waves generated from the first AC power line 311 directly based on the MIT phenomenon. As a current sensor, it is a technical feature that a small circuit breaker having high reliability can be provided, which is smaller and simpler than a conventional current sensor, and when applied to a power circuit breaker. First of all, when using the ferrite bead 21 to block high-frequency noise, it is a technical feature that the current of the first AC power line 311 can be stably sensed even when external noise is severe.

The MIT current sensor 16 quickly and accurately detects the current detection without any special loss in a non-contact method, and the MIT temperature sensor 50 is, above all, about 70 degrees (exactly 67 degrees), which is the temperature just before the fire occurs. The biggest technical feature is that the resistance value changes rapidly in temperature. Therefore, the internal power supply 210 is stably supplied to the home appliance or industrial electric device 300, the MIT current sensor 16 is in charge of current detection, and the MIT temperature sensor 50 is in charge of temperature detection. The MIT current sensor 16 is disposed at the power terminal to detect overcurrent, and the MIT temperature sensor 50 can be selectively attached to the main part where heat is generated in the home appliance or industrial electric device 300, or It is characterized in that it is disposed at the power stage. When power is supplied to the home appliance or industrial electric device 300 through the outlet 310, the MIT overcurrent and overtemperature protection device 100 is disposed between the internal power supply 200 and the outlet 310. It is the biggest technical feature.

In the MIT overcurrent and overtemperature protection device 100, the MIT current sensor 16 and the overcurrent control circuit 20 will be described in more detail. And the electromagnetic wave generated from the first AC power line 311 is directly measured based on the MIT phenomenon. The ferrite bead 21 reduces some noise in the AC current measured by the MIT electromagnetic wave measuring wire 15. The AC current value is characterized by measuring a differential value through a comparator 25, an overcurrent sensor resistor 22, and an overcurrent sensor capacitor 23, and instantaneously detecting an overcurrent.

Therefore, when an overcurrent occurs in the first AC power line 311, overcurrent information is generated through the MIT current sensor 16 and the overcurrent control circuit 20 to generate the control voltage Vc. When overtemperature occurs in the MIT temperature sensor 50, the overtemperature information through the overtemperature detection circuit 40 generates a control voltage Vc. The overcurrent or the control voltage Vc generated from the overtemperature is cut off by operating the MIT transistor 10 through the MIT transistor driving circuit 30, and the connection of the second AC power line 312 is cut off. It is characterized.

10 shows an MIT current sensor and an overcurrent and overtemperature protection device of the MIT temperature sensor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Above all, arranging the first to fifth MIT temperature sensors 50-1 to 50-5 in parallel in a plurality of main parts where heat is generated in the home appliance or industrial electric device 300 or in a part where heat prevention is essential. It is characterized by a technical feature.

Above all, by arranging the first to fifth MIT temperature sensors 50-1 to 50-5 in parallel, if the temperature of a specific part is overtemperature (about 70 degrees or more), (特定) The greatest technical feature is that the resistance value of the MIT temperature sensor decreases rapidly, and thus the MIT transistor 10 is ultimately cut off, thereby cutting off the main power supplied from the outlet 310. The detailed operation of FIG. 10 is the same as that of FIG. 9 described above.

11 shows an MIT current sensor and an overcurrent and overtemperature protection device of the MIT temperature sensor according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The proposed overcurrent and overtemperature protection device is characterized by a combination of the MIT current sensor and the MIT temperature sensor. Above all, resistance current sensors, Hall element-based current sensors, and magnetic current sensors, which are generally used for overcurrent detection, are not used, and the MIT current sensor 16 is used. This is because the MIT current sensor 16 is not a simple combination, but improved characteristics can be exhibited through it. The MIT current sensor 16 arranges the MIT electromagnetic wave measurement lead 15 parallel to the first AC power line 311, and measures electromagnetic waves generated from the first AC power line 311 directly based on the MIT phenomenon. As a current sensor, it is a technical feature that a small circuit breaker having high reliability can be provided, which is smaller and simpler than a conventional current sensor, and when applied to a power circuit breaker. First of all, when using the ferrite bead 21 to block high-frequency noise, it is a technical feature that the current of the first AC power line 311 can be stably sensed even when external noise is severe.

The MIT current sensor 16 quickly and accurately detects the current detection without any special loss in a non-contact method, and the MIT temperature sensor 50 is, above all, about 70 degrees (exactly 67 degrees), which is the temperature just before the fire occurs. The biggest technical feature is that the resistance value changes rapidly in temperature. Therefore, the internal power supply 210 is stably supplied to the home appliance or industrial electric device 300, the MIT current sensor 16 is in charge of current detection, and the MIT temperature sensor 50 is in charge of temperature detection. The MIT current sensor 16 is disposed at the power terminal to detect overcurrent, and the MIT temperature sensor 50 can be selectively attached to the main part where heat is generated in the home appliance or industrial electric device 300, or It is characterized in that it is disposed at the power stage. When power is supplied to the home appliance or industrial electric device 300 through the outlet 310, the MIT overcurrent and overtemperature protection device 100 is disposed between the internal power supply 200 and the outlet 310. It is the biggest technical feature.

In the MIT overcurrent and overtemperature protection device 100, the MIT current sensor 16 and the overcurrent control circuit 20 will be described in more detail. And the electromagnetic wave generated from the first AC power line 311 is directly measured based on the MIT phenomenon. The ferrite bead 21 reduces some noise in the AC current measured by the MIT electromagnetic wave measuring wire 15. The AC current value is characterized by measuring a differential value through a comparator 25, an overcurrent sensor resistor 22, and an overcurrent sensor capacitor 23, and instantaneously detecting an overcurrent.

Therefore, when an overcurrent occurs in the first AC power line 311, overcurrent information is generated through the MIT current sensor 16 and the overcurrent control circuit 20 to generate the control voltage Vc. When overtemperature occurs in the MIT temperature sensor 50, the overtemperature information through the overtemperature detection circuit 40 generates a control voltage Vc. The overcurrent or the control voltage Vc generated from the overtemperature is blocked by operating the relay 60 through the relay driving circuit 70, and the connection of the second AC power line 312 is blocked. It is characterized by technical features.

The control voltage Vc generated from the overcurrent or the overtemperature excites the relay driving coil 61 through the relay driving circuit 70. The energized relay driving coil 61 switches the relay 60 from the relay A contact 60-1 to the B contact 60-2. The biggest technical feature is to cut off the main power supplied from 310).

In addition, when the relay 60 is operated through the eleventh resistor 61 and the LED 63 in parallel with the relay driving coil 61, the LED 63 is You can check the operation.

12 shows an MIT current sensor and an overcurrent and overtemperature protection device of the MIT temperature sensor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Above all, arranging the first to fifth MIT temperature sensors 50-1 to 50-5 in parallel in a plurality of main parts where heat is generated in the home appliance or industrial electric device 300 or in a part where heat prevention is essential. It is characterized by a technical feature.

Above all, by arranging the first to fifth MIT temperature sensors 50-1 to 50-5 in parallel, if the temperature of a specific part is overtemperature (about 70 degrees or more), (特定) The greatest technical feature is that the resistance value of the MIT temperature sensor decreases rapidly, and thus the MIT transistor 10 is ultimately cut off, thereby cutting off the main power supplied from the outlet 310. The detailed operation of FIG. 12 is the same as that of FIG. 11 described above.

Referring to FIG. 13, when explaining the principle of the MIT current sensor 16 of the present invention, Maxwell's third law of electromagnetics, Faraday's law, creates an electric field that changes with a magnetic field, and the fourth law of Maxwell creates an electric field that changes with time. Creates a magnetic field. The alternating current creates a changing magnetic field, and when a metal conductor is placed in the changing magnetic field, an induced current is generated. This induced current is formed in the vertical direction of the magnetic field according to Maxwell Faraday's law. According to this law, the induced current can be measured by placing a measuring wire measuring electromagnetic waves from the power wire next to the power wire flowing alternating current that changes with time.

The measurement conductors arranged parallel to the AC power lines 311 and 312 are referred to as electromagnetic current sensors. This measuring wire can be configured with any one of a somewhat long one-dimensional wire, two-dimensional plane, and three-dimensional conductor tube. In addition, the measurement lead is not a coil with inductance, but a conductor without inductance, so it can be referred to as a “non-coilable measurement lead”.

In addition, when this current sensor is applied, a small signal of the sensor is amplified and input to a comparator to compare with the set current, and a control signal is generated when a value greater than the set value is output.

Figure 13 (a) is a PCB photograph of the single curved current sensor sensor unit 170 having a single bent, Figure 13 (b) is the PCB of the current sensor sensor unit 180 having a double bent portion Show the picture.

When the current sensor sensor unit 160 of this embodiment is described in detail, as shown in Fig. 9(a), a power wire having a first input/output terminal 171a and a second input/output terminal 171b on a two-dimensional plane ( A sensor unit for a current sensor in which a measurement lead 174 having 173 and a first input/output terminal 172a and a second input/output terminal 172b is arranged side by side is shown. The two adjacent conductors 173 and 174 have a bend in order to strongly collect a magnetic field in the part of the bend pattern 175 or to lengthen the length within a limited area.

13(b) shows the power lead 184 in a direction away from the first or second input/output terminals 181a, 182b of the power lead and bent in a'S' shape or a'ㄹ' shape. It indicates that they are arranged side by side, and since the length and size of the current sensor sensor unit depends on the size of the current, a double bend pattern is formed in order to more strongly collect the magnetic field in the bend pattern 185 or to lengthen the length within a limited area. It shows what was formed.

Here, the measurement lead is separated by a certain distance from the power lead, and preferably, an insulating material may be filled between the distances. The insulating material includes air, insulating gas (or SF ₆ gas), pure water, insulating material, polymer vinyl insulating material, or solid crystal insulating material. The solid crystal insulating material includes a ceramic material.

The MIT current sensor 16 is for the purpose of detecting an AC current in a household or industrial electronic device 300, and the first input/output terminal and the second input/output terminal are used so that an AC current flows between the first input/output terminal and the second input/output terminal. However, as an AC current sensor that measures the AC current in a power wire having a voltage difference at both ends, the bico is spaced side by side with an electrical insulator by a predetermined distance from the power wire between the first input/output terminal and the second input/output terminal. AC current is measured by measuring the induced electromotive force induced in the measuring wire from the magnetic field generated by the AC flowing in the sensor unit for a current sensor including a single measuring wire and the power wire between the first input/output terminal and the second input/output terminal. Represents a current sensor including a means for detecting, and in the MIT current sensor 16, a wire including the MIT electromagnetic wave measuring wire 15 is referred to as a measuring wire, and the first AC power line 311 may be referred to as a power wire. have.

Referring to FIG. 14, data and graphs of 60Hz alternating current are measured using the current sensor of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 14(a) shows the current of the voltage measured using the 60Hz alternating current and the proposed current sensor. Represents dependency data. Fig. 14(b) is a graph drawn with the data of Fig. 10(a), and shows the linearity characteristic in which the induced voltage on the vertical axis generally increases proportionally as the alternating current on the horizontal axis increases.

Referring to FIG. 15, a graph of voltage characteristics for each current measured by a current sensor is shown, and as an experimental example of an experiment of a current sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention, the voltage of the sensor measured as the AC power current increases is also shown. It is showing an increase. By applying a single power supply to the amplifier, the negative part signal is removed and only the positive part is measured. Therefore, it more clearly shows the dependence of the AC current of the current sensor signal measured by the unidirectional amplifier.

16 shows the relay driving circuit of the present invention. When overtemperature occurs, the overtemperature detection circuit 40 generates a control voltage Vc, and the control voltage Vc represents a detailed circuit for operating the relay 60 through the relay driving circuit 70. The control voltage Vc drives the second N-type transistor 76, which is characterized in that it drives the first P-type transistor 71 through the standby power reduction unit 72. The emitter (E) terminal of the first P-type transistor 71 is technically characterized in that it is connected to a control circuit operating voltage (Vcc), and the collector (C) terminal of the first P-type transistor 71 is a relay It is connected to the drive coil 61. Accordingly, the control voltage Vc operates the second N-type transistor 76 and the first P-type transistor 71 to excite the relay driving coil 61. The energized relay driving coil 61 switches the relay 60 from the relay A contact 60-1 to the B contact 60-2. The biggest technical feature is to cut off the main power supplied from 310).

In addition, when the relay 60 is operated through the eleventh resistor 61 and the LED 63 in parallel with the relay driving coil 61, the LED 63 is You can check the operation.

Above all, the standby power reduction unit 72 is technically characterized in that the driving capacitor 74 and the driving diode 73 are connected in series. Above all, the standby power reduction unit 72 is driven when the base (B) voltage of the first P-type transistor 71 is zero. In this case, a voltage of zero "0" is applied to the base B of the first P-type transistor 71 through the operation of the second N-type transistor 76. Accordingly, the driving capacitor 74 and the driving diode 73 are technically characterized in that they operate the relay 60 while continuously suppressing power loss in the first P-type transistor 71. Therefore, through the standby power reduction unit 72 composed of the driving capacitor 74 and the driving diode 73, there is an increased effect of reducing standby power loss when driving in the operation of the relay 60.

In the present invention, in the protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transition element, the outlet 310 for supplying power; An internal power supply device 200 for supplying power to the home appliance or industrial electric device 300 through AC power lines 311 and 312 connected to the outlet 310; And an MIT overcurrent and overtemperature protection device 100 connected to the internal power supply 200 and disposed at an entrance of the power terminal; The MIT overcurrent and overtemperature protection device 100 includes an MIT 3-terminal transistor 10, an MIT current sensor 16, an overcurrent control circuit 20, an MIT transistor driving circuit 30, an overtemperature detection circuit 40, and It consists of an MIT temperature sensor 50; The MIT current sensor 16 compares the output signal of the current sensor with a preset value, and when a current greater than the set value is detected, outputs a control voltage Vc through the overcurrent control circuit 20; The MIT temperature sensor 50 instantaneously changes its properties from an insulator to a metal at a certain temperature or higher, and outputs a control voltage Vc through the overtemperature detection circuit 40; The output control voltage Vc proposes a protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transition element, characterized in that the control voltage Vc blocks the MIT transistor 10 through the MIT transistor driving circuit 30. .

In addition, in the present invention, in the protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transition element, the outlet 310 for supplying power; An internal power supply device 200 for supplying power to the home appliance or industrial electric device 300 through AC power lines 311 and 312 connected to the outlet 310; And an MIT overcurrent and overtemperature protection device 100 connected to the internal power supply 200 and disposed at an entrance of the power terminal; The MIT overcurrent and overtemperature protection device 100 includes a relay 60, an MIT current sensor 16, an overcurrent control circuit 20, a relay driving circuit 70, an overtemperature detection circuit 40, and an MIT temperature sensor ( 50); The MIT current sensor 16 compares the output signal of the current sensor with a preset value, and when a current greater than the set value is detected, outputs a control voltage Vc through the overcurrent control circuit 20; The MIT temperature sensor 50 instantaneously changes its properties from an insulator to a metal at a certain temperature or higher, and outputs a control voltage Vc through the overtemperature detection circuit 40; The output control voltage Vc proposes a protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transition element, characterized in that the control voltage Vc blocks the relay 60 through the relay driving circuit 70.

The above description is merely illustrative of the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention can be applied to a protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transfer element by various modifications by those of ordinary skill in the art. It should be recognized that the scope of technology that is easily transformed into is also within the scope of the rights of this patent.

10: MIT (Metal Insulator Transition) transistor
11: N-type transistor
15: MIT (Metal Insulator Transition) electromagnetic wave measurement lead
16: MIT (Metal Insulator Transition) current sensor
20: overcurrent control circuit
21: ferrite bead
22: overcurrent sensor resistance
23: overcurrent sensor capacitor
25: comparator
30: MIT (Metal Insulator Transition) transistor driving circuit
40: over temperature detection circuit
50: MIT (Metal Insulator Transition) temperature sensor
50-1: 1st external MIT temperature sensor
50-2: 2nd external MIT temperature sensor
50-3: 3rd external MIT temperature sensor
50-4: 4th external MIT temperature sensor
50-5: 5th external MIT temperature sensor
60: Relay
60-1: Relay A contact
60-2: Relay B contact
61: relay drive coil
62: 11th resistance
63: LED (Light Emitting Diode)
70: relay drive circuit
71: P-type transistor
72: standby power reduction unit
73: driving diode
74: driving capacitor
75: 12th resistance
76: N-type transistor
100: MIT (Metal Insulator Transition) overcurrent and overtemperature protection device
160: sensor unit for current sensor
170: sensor unit for single curved current sensor
171: single curved power lead terminal
171a: single curved power wire first terminal
171b: single curved power wire second terminal
172: single curved measurement lead terminal
172a: single curved measurement conductor first terminal
172b: single curved measurement conductor second terminal
173: single curved power wire
174: single curved measurement lead
175: single bend type bend pattern
180: sensor unit for double curved current sensor
181: double bent power wire terminal
181a: the first terminal of the double curved power wire
181b: the second terminal of the double curved power wire
182: double curved measurement lead terminal
182a: double curved measurement conductor first terminal
182b: double curved measurement conductor 2nd terminal
183: double curved power wire
184: double curved measurement lead
185: double bending type bending pattern
200: internal power supply
210: internal power supply
300: Household or industrial electrical equipment
310: outlet
311: first AC power line
312: second AC power line
C1: first capacitor
D1: first diode
D2: second diode
D3: third diode
R1: first resistance
R2: second resistance
R3: third resistor
Vc: control voltage
Vcc: control circuit operating voltage

Claims (19)

In the protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transfer element,
An outlet 310 for supplying power;
An internal power supply device 200 for supplying power to the home appliance or industrial electric device 300 through AC power lines 311 and 312 connected to the outlet 310; And
An MIT overcurrent and overtemperature protection device 100 connected to the internal power supply 200 and disposed at an entrance of the power terminal;
Includes;
The MIT overcurrent and overtemperature protection device 100 includes an MIT 3-terminal transistor 10, an MIT current sensor 16, an overcurrent control circuit 20, an MIT transistor driving circuit 30, and an overtemperature detection circuit 40. And an MIT temperature sensor 50;
The MIT current sensor 16 compares the output signal of the current sensor with a preset value, and when a current greater than the set value is detected, outputs a control voltage Vc through the overcurrent control circuit 20;
The MIT temperature sensor 50 instantaneously changes its properties from an insulator to a metal at a certain temperature or higher, and outputs a control voltage Vc through the overtemperature detection circuit 40;
The output control voltage Vc blocks the MIT transistor 10 through the MIT transistor driving circuit 30. A protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transfer element.
In the protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transfer element,
An outlet 310 for supplying power;
An internal power supply device 200 for supplying power to the home appliance or industrial electric device 300 through AC power lines 311 and 312 connected to the outlet 310; And
An MIT overcurrent and overtemperature protection device 100 connected to the internal power supply 200 and disposed at an entrance of the power terminal;
Includes;
The MIT overcurrent and overtemperature protection device 100 includes a relay 60, an MIT current sensor 16, an overcurrent control circuit 20, a relay driving circuit 70, an overtemperature detection circuit 40, and an MIT temperature sensor. Consists of (50);
The MIT current sensor 16 compares the output signal of the current sensor with a preset value, and when a current greater than the set value is detected, outputs a control voltage Vc through the overcurrent control circuit 20;
The MIT temperature sensor 50 instantaneously changes its properties from an insulator to a metal at a certain temperature or higher, and outputs a control voltage Vc through the overtemperature detection circuit 40;
The output control voltage (Vc) is a protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transition element, characterized in that blocking the relay (60) through the relay driving circuit (70).
In the protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transfer element,
An outlet 310 for supplying power;
An internal power supply device 200 for supplying power to the home appliance or industrial electric device 300 through AC power lines 311 and 312 connected to the outlet 310; And
An MIT overcurrent and overtemperature protection device 100 disposed between the outlet 310 and the internal power supply 200;
Including,
The MIT overcurrent and overtemperature protection device 100 includes an MIT temperature sensor 50 whose properties are instantaneously changed from an insulator to a metal at a temperature of at least a certain temperature,
Arranging the MIT electromagnetic wave measuring conductor 15 parallel to the AC power lines 311 and 312, and measuring the current based on the instantaneous transition of the metal-insulator directly to the electromagnetic waves generated from the AC power lines 311 and 312 A protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transition element.
In the protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transfer element,
An outlet 310 for supplying power;
An internal power supply device 200 for supplying power to the home appliance or industrial electric device 300 through AC power lines 311 and 312 connected to the outlet 310; And
An MIT overcurrent and overtemperature protection device 100 disposed between the outlet 310 and the internal power supply 200;
Including,
The MIT overcurrent and overtemperature protection device 100 includes a relay 60, an MIT current sensor 16, an overcurrent control circuit 20, a relay driving circuit 70, an overtemperature detection circuit 40, and an MIT temperature sensor. Consists of (50);
The MIT current sensor 16 compares the output signal of the current sensor with a preset value, and when a current greater than the set value is detected, outputs a control voltage Vc through the overcurrent control circuit 20;
The MIT temperature sensor 50 instantaneously changes its properties from an insulator to a metal at a certain temperature or higher, and outputs a control voltage Vc through the overtemperature detection circuit 40;
Arranging the MIT electromagnetic wave measuring conductor 15 parallel to the AC power lines 311 and 312, and measuring the current based on the instantaneous transition of the metal-insulator directly to the electromagnetic waves generated from the AC power lines 311 and 312 A protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transition element.
In the protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transfer element,
An outlet 310 for supplying power;
An internal power supply device 200 for supplying power to the home appliance or industrial electric device 300 through AC power lines 311 and 312 connected to the outlet 310; And
An MIT overcurrent and overtemperature protection device 100 disposed between the outlet 310 and the internal power supply 200;
Including,
Arranging the MIT electromagnetic wave measuring conductor 15 parallel to the AC power lines 311 and 312, and measuring the current based on the instantaneous transition of the metal-insulator directly to the electromagnetic waves generated from the AC power lines 311 and 312 A protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transition element.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The MIT temperature sensor 50 is a protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transition element, characterized in that the rapid decrease from 400 [kΩ] to 50 [Ω] at the overtemperature.

The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transfer element, characterized in that a plurality of MIT temperature sensors (50-1 to 50-5) are arranged in parallel at a main part where heat is generated in the home appliance or industrial electric device (300) .
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The MIT temperature sensor 50 is a protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transition element, characterized in that it determines the overtemperature at a temperature of 67 degrees.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The overtemperature detection circuit 40 is composed of a first N-type transistor 11, first, second, and third resistors R1, R2, R3, a first capacitor C1, and a first diode D1. A protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transition element, characterized in that.
The method of claim 1,
One end of the MIT temperature sensor 50 is connected to a collector (C) terminal of the first N-type transistor 11;
The other end of the MIT temperature sensor (50) is a protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transition element, characterized in that connected to the base (B) terminal of the first N-type transistor (11).
The method of claim 9,
A control circuit operating voltage Vcc is applied to the collector (C) terminal of the first N-type transistor 11;
An emitter (E) terminal of the first N-type transistor (11) is connected to a third resistor (R3) and a first capacitor (C1).
The method of claim 11,
When overtemperature occurs in the MIT temperature sensor 50, the emitter (E) terminal of the first N-type transistor 11 generates a control voltage Vc and is output through the first diode D1. A protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transition element, characterized in that.
The method according to claim 1 or 2,
When the MIT temperature sensor 50 determines that the temperature is over temperature at a temperature of about 70 degrees or higher, and the temperature goes down to the normal temperature again, the connection of the AC power lines 311 and 312 is restored to power the internal power supply device 200. A protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transition element, characterized in that it normally supplies.
In the protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transfer element,
An outlet 310 for supplying power;
An internal power supply device 200 for supplying power to the home appliance or industrial electric device 300 through AC power lines 311 and 312 connected to the outlet 310;
An MIT overcurrent and overtemperature protection device 100 disposed between the outlet 310 and the internal power supply 200;
MIT temperature sensor 50 for detecting the temperature of the home appliance or industrial electric device 300;
One end of the MIT temperature sensor 50 is connected to a collector (C) terminal of the first N-type transistor 11;
The other end of the MIT temperature sensor (50) is a protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transition element, characterized in that connected to the base (B) terminal of the first N-type transistor (11).
The method of claim 14,
A control circuit operating voltage Vcc is applied to the collector (C) terminal of the first N-type transistor 11;
The emitter (E) terminal of the first N-type transistor 11 is connected to the third resistor R3 and the first capacitor C1;
When overtemperature occurs at a temperature greater than or equal to a certain temperature in the MIT temperature sensor 50, a control voltage Vc is generated at the emitter (E) terminal of the first N-type transistor 11 and a first diode Protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transition element, characterized in that output through (D1).
The method of claim 2,
A protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transition element, characterized in that a relay driving circuit (70) is added to operate the relay (60).
The method of claim 16,
The relay driving circuit 70 includes a second N-type transistor 76, a first P-type transistor 71, and a standby power reduction unit 72. A protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transfer element .
The method of claim 17,
The standby power reduction unit 72 is a protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transfer element, characterized in that the driving capacitor 74 and the driving diode 73 are connected in series.
The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The MIT current sensor 16 has a'S' shape or'ㄹ' in a direction away from the first or second input/output terminals 181a, 182b of the power wire connected to the AC power lines 311 and 312. A protection device using a metal-insulator instantaneous transition element, characterized in that it is arranged side by side to be curved like a shape.

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