KR20200067001A - Viewing angle control panel and display device including the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a viewing angle control panel and a display device including the same. The viewing angle control panel according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes an upper substrate and a lower substrate facing each other, a plurality of pixel electrodes and a first common electrode alternately disposed on the lower substrate, and between the pixel electrode and the first common electrode. It is disposed on, characterized in that it comprises an electroactive polymer pattern made of an electroactive polymer (electroactive polymer), a second common electrode disposed on the upper substrate and an electrolyte layer interposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate do. As described above, since the present invention can switch between the normal mode and the privacy mode, the viewing angle can be changed according to user convenience and environment.

Description

Viewing angle control panel and display device including same VIEWING ANGLE CONTROL PANEL AND DISPLAY DEVICE INCLUDING THE SAME

The present invention relates to a viewing angle control panel and a display device including the same, and more particularly, to a viewing angle control panel freely switching between a normal mode and a privacy mode and a display device including the same.

Specific examples of the flat panel display device include a liquid crystal display device (LCD), an organic light emitting display device (OLED), a quantum dot display device (QDD), and a field emission display device (Field Emission Display device: FED), an electrophoretic display device (EPD), and the like. These commonly use a flat panel display panel for realizing an image as an essential component, and the flat panel display panel has a configuration in which a pair of transparent insulating substrates are face-to-face bonded with a layer of intrinsic light emission or polarization or other optical material therebetween. .

In most flat panel display devices, a light output direction is determined when light is output, and a viewer in a specific light output direction range can watch it. Such a conventional flat panel display device is non-guaranteed because the exposure of the screen is possible to others, in contrast to the privacy mode (or narrow viewing angle mode) in which a specific viewer can watch and the other cannot. In contrast to the normal mode (or wide viewing angle mode), which can be seen without distinction, there are limited disadvantages.

Meanwhile, as the use of personal information devices increases, the marketability of privacy or security films for digital privacy protection and personal information protection is increasing. In general, the security film is a fixed form that allows an image to be selectively viewed by adding on the front of the display panel and blocking an optical path according to a viewing angle.

Therefore, in the conventional privacy mode, a privacy film is selectively attached in front of the display panel to switch from the normal mode to the privacy mode.

However, this conventional privacy mode requires a manual process of detaching and attaching the privacy film according to the mode change, and requires a user's operation for mode change. In addition, there is a disadvantage that the exterior design of the product is damaged due to the detachable structure.

In addition, the privacy mode of the conventional method is limited in that the viewer must carry the privacy film to view the privacy mode.

Accordingly, a problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a viewing angle control panel and a display device including the viewing angle control panel capable of switching a viewable viewing angle of display information according to a user's convenience and environment.

The problems of the present invention are not limited to the problems mentioned above, and other problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

In order to solve the problems as described above, the viewing angle control panel according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes an upper substrate and a lower substrate facing each other, a plurality of pixel electrodes and a first common electrode, which are alternately disposed on the lower substrate. An electroactive polymer pattern disposed between the pixel electrode and the first common electrode and made of an electroactive polymer, a second common electrode disposed on the upper substrate, and an electrolyte interposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate It may include a layer.

The viewing angle control panel according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes an upper substrate and a lower substrate facing each other, a plurality of lower pixel electrodes and a lower first common electrode alternately disposed on the lower substrate, the lower pixel electrode and the lower portion. A lower electroactive polymer pattern made of an electroactive polymer, disposed between a first common electrode, a plurality of upper pixel electrodes and an upper first common electrode alternately disposed on the upper substrate, the upper pixel electrode and the upper first common An upper electroactive polymer pattern made of an electroactive polymer disposed between the electrodes, a second common electrode disposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, a lower electrolyte layer interposed between the second common electrode and the lower substrate, and An upper electrolyte layer interposed between the upper substrate and the second common electrode may be included.

A display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a display panel for outputting an image and a viewing angle control panel installed on a front or rear surface of the display panel to control a viewing angle, wherein the viewing angle control panels are opposite to each other A substrate and a lower substrate, a plurality of pixel electrodes and a first common electrode alternately disposed on the lower substrate, an electroactive polymer pattern formed between the pixel electrode and the first common electrode, and comprising an electroactive polymer, the upper substrate A second common electrode disposed above and an electrolyte layer interposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate may be included.

Details of other embodiments are included in the detailed description and drawings.

The present invention provides an effect of changing a viewing angle in accordance with user convenience and environment by selectively implementing a normal mode and a privacy mode by constructing an electroactive polymer on an electrode and contracting and expanding the electroactive polymer. .

In addition, the present invention is convenient because a process of de-attaching the existing privacy film is not required, and since it is not a non-detachable structure, it provides an effect that can be applied regardless of the exterior design.

The effects according to the present invention are not limited by the contents exemplified above, and more various effects are included in the present specification.

1A is a perspective view showing an example of a structure of a viewing angle control panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
1B is a view showing a part of a cross-sectional structure of the viewing angle control panel shown in FIG. 1A.
2 is a structural formula showing an electroactive polymer as an example.
3A to 3C are structural formulas showing black dye monomer as an example.
4A is a perspective view illustrating an example of implementing a privacy mode in the viewing angle control panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1A.
4B is a view showing a part of the cross-sectional structure of the viewing angle control panel shown in FIG. 4A.
5A is a perspective view illustrating another example of implementing a privacy mode in the viewing angle control panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1A.
5B is a view showing a part of a cross-sectional structure of the viewing angle control panel shown in FIG. 5A.
6A is a perspective view showing an example of a structure of a viewing angle control panel according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
6B is a view showing a part of a cross-sectional structure of the viewing angle control panel shown in FIG. 6A.
7A is a perspective view showing an example of a structure of a viewing angle control panel according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
7B is a view showing a part of the cross-sectional structure of the viewing angle control panel shown in FIG. 7A.
8A is a perspective view illustrating an example of implementing a privacy mode in a viewing angle control panel according to a third embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 7A.
8B is a view showing a part of a cross-sectional structure of the viewing angle control panel shown in FIG. 8A.
9A is a perspective view illustrating another example of implementing a privacy mode in the viewing angle control panel according to the third embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 7A.
9B is a view showing a part of a cross-sectional structure of the viewing angle control panel shown in FIG. 9A.
10 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of driving in the viewing angle control panel according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
11 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of driving in the viewing angle control panel according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
12 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of driving in the viewing angle control panel according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
13A is a perspective view showing a structure of a viewing angle control panel according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention as an example.
13B is a view showing a part of a cross-sectional structure of the viewing angle control panel shown in FIG. 13A as an example.
14 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of driving in the viewing angle control panel according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
15 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of driving in the viewing angle control panel according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
16 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Advantages and features of the present invention, and methods for achieving them will be clarified with reference to embodiments described below in detail together with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but will be implemented in various different forms, and only the present embodiments allow the disclosure of the present invention to be complete, and common knowledge in the art to which the present invention pertains. It is provided to fully inform the person having the scope of the invention, and the invention is only defined by the scope of the claims.

The shapes, sizes, ratios, angles, numbers, etc. disclosed in the drawings for describing the embodiments of the present invention are exemplary and the present invention is not limited to the illustrated matters. In addition, in the description of the present invention, when it is determined that detailed descriptions of related known technologies may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted. In the present specification, when'include','have','consist of' is used, other parts may be added unless'~man' is used. When a component is expressed as a singular number, the plural number is included unless otherwise specified.

In interpreting the components, it is interpreted as including the error range even if there is no explicit description.

In the case of the description of the positional relationship, for example, if the positional relationship of the two parts is described as'~top','~upper','~bottom','~side','right' or One or more other parts may be placed between the two parts unless'direct' is used.

When an element or layer is referred to as another element or layer (on), it includes all cases in which another layer or another element is interposed immediately above or in between.

Although the first, second, etc. are used to describe various components, these components are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one component from another component. Therefore, the first component mentioned below may be the second component within the technical spirit of the present invention.

The same reference numerals refer to the same components throughout the specification.

The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are illustrated for convenience of description, and the present invention is not necessarily limited to the size and thickness of the illustrated component.

Each of the features of the various embodiments of the present invention may be partially or totally combined or combined with each other, and technically various interlocking and driving may be possible as those skilled in the art can fully understand, and each of the embodiments may be implemented independently of each other. It can also be implemented together in an associative relationship.

Hereinafter, various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1A is a perspective view showing an example of a structure of a viewing angle control panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

1B is a view showing a part of a cross-sectional structure of the viewing angle control panel shown in FIG. 1A.

1A and 1B show an example of a structure of a viewing angle control panel in a normal mode in which an electric field is not applied to the electroactive polymer.

The present invention proposes a viewing angle control panel capable of switching driving between a normal mode (or a wide viewing angle mode) and a privacy mode (or a narrow viewing angle mode) and a display device including the same.

That is, an electroactive polymer capable of contraction-expansion by an electric field is formed on the electrode, and thus a normal mode and a privacy mode can be realized through contraction-expansion of the electroactive polymer.

1A and 1B, the viewing angle control panel 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes an upper substrate 105 and a lower substrate 110 and an upper substrate 105 and a lower substrate that are bonded to each other. It may be configured to include an electrolyte layer 130 interposed between (110).

The upper substrate 105 and the lower substrate 110 may be glass or a flexible flexible substrate.

The flexible substrate is a plastic having excellent heat resistance and durability, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene napthalate (PEN), polycarbonate (PC), polyarylate, and polyimide. Can be used as a material. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various flexible materials may be used.

A plurality of pixel electrodes 118 and a first common electrode 108 may be alternately disposed on the lower substrate 110.

When driving, the plurality of pixel electrodes 118 and the first common electrode 108 may generate a lateral electric field in the electrolyte layer 130.

The plurality of pixel electrodes 118 and the first common electrode 108 may be disposed side by side on the lower substrate 110 in one direction. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the plurality of pixel electrodes 118 and the first common electrode 108 may be disposed to have a bent structure on the lower substrate 110.

The plurality of pixel electrodes 118 and the first common electrode 108 are, for example, Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO), Aluminum doped Zinc Oxide (AZO), Fluorine Tin Oxide (FTO), and silver- It may be composed of nanowires (AgNW). However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the plurality of pixel electrodes 118 and the first common electrode 108 may be made of various transparent conductive materials.

The plurality of pixel electrodes 118 and the first common electrode 108 are alternately disposed on the lower substrate 110, and in particular, an electroactive polymer pattern is formed between the pair of pixel electrodes 118 and the first common electrode 108. 120 may be provided.

At this time, the electroactive polymer pattern 120 may be arranged side by side in one direction with the plurality of pixel electrodes 118 and the first common electrode 108. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the electroactive polymer pattern 120 may be disposed to have a bent structure on the lower substrate 110 together with the plurality of pixel electrodes 118 and the first common electrode 108. have.

Although not illustrated for convenience, a protective layer may be disposed on the pixel electrode 118 and the first common electrode 108, and an electroactive polymer pattern 120 may be disposed on the protective layer.

The protective layer may be formed of a single layer of an inorganic insulating film of a silicon nitride film (SiNx), a silicon oxide film (SiO ₂ ), or a two-layer structure in which an organic insulating film of PAC is stacked on the inorganic insulating film.

The electroactive polymer pattern 120 may be formed of a predetermined electroactive polymer.

At this time, the electroactive polymer pattern 120 may contract or relax (ie, expand) according to the electric field generated between the pair of pixel electrodes 118 and the first common electrode 108. That is, as an example, the electroactive polymer pattern 120 may maintain a contracted state as illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B in a state in which an electric field is not applied. On the other hand, when an electric field is formed between the pair of pixel electrodes 118 and the first common electrode 108, the electroactive polymer pattern 120 may expand in the electric field direction, that is, in the transverse direction.

The electroactive polymer may include at least one of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene (PVDF-TrFE), and polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-1,1chlorofluoroethylene (PVDF-TrFE-CFE). It does not work.

The electroactive polymer pattern 120 may further include a black dye monomer for light absorption.

2 is a structural formula showing an electroactive polymer as an example.

3A to 3C are structural formulas showing black dye monomer as an example.

Referring to Figure 2, the electroactive polymer according to the present invention may include PVDF (Polyvinylidene fluoride).

The electroactive polymer according to the present invention may include PVDF (Polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene), PVDF-TrFE-CFE (Polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-1, 1chlorofluoroethylene), etc. in addition to PVDF (Polyvinylidene fluoride).

In addition, the black dye monomer according to the present invention may include, for example, an Azo-based dye shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C.

The second common electrode 128 may be disposed on the front surface of the upper substrate 105. In this case, when an electric field is formed between the pixel electrode 118 and the second common electrode 128 and/or the first common electrode 108 and the second common electrode 128, the electroactive polymer pattern 120 is an electric field. It can be expanded in the direction, that is, in the vertical direction.

The electrolyte layer 130 interposed between the upper substrate 105 and the lower substrate 110 may be composed of electrolytes such as LiClO ₄ , NaCl, NaOH, KOH, and LiCl.

A protective film of high hardness may be attached to at least one outer side of the viewing angle control panel 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention configured as described above, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

4A is a perspective view illustrating an example of implementing a privacy mode in a viewing angle control panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1A.

4B is a view showing a part of the cross-sectional structure of the viewing angle control panel shown in FIG. 4A.

4A and 4B show an example of a structure of a viewing angle control panel in which a privacy mode is implemented by applying a transverse electric field to an electroactive polymer.

4A and 4B, when a lateral electric field is formed between a pair of pixel electrodes 118 on both sides of the electroactive polymer pattern 120' and the first common electrode 108, the electroactive polymer pattern 120 ') can expand in the electric field direction, that is, in the transverse direction.

As the electroactive polymer pattern 120' expands, the viewing angle of the viewer shown by the arrow decreases, thereby enabling the privacy mode. That is, when a transverse electric field is applied to the electroactive polymer pattern 120' through the pair of pixel electrodes 118 and the first common electrode 108, as the electroactive polymer pattern 120' expands in the transverse direction, , The viewer's viewing angle is reduced than the viewing angle shown in FIG. 1B, thereby enabling the privacy mode.

For example, voltages of 100 V and 0 V are applied to the pixel electrode 118 and the first common electrode 108, respectively, and voltages of 50 V can be applied to the second common electrode 128. In this case, a lateral electric field is generated between the pixel electrode 118 and the first common electrode 108. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

In addition, a different voltage may be applied between the pair of pixel electrodes 118 and the first common electrode 108 between the pair of neighboring pixel electrodes 118 and the first common electrode 108. . That is, for example, a voltage different from that between the pixel electrode 118 in the n column and the first common electrode 108 may be applied between the pixel electrode 118 in the n column and the first common electrode 108.

5A is a perspective view illustrating another example of implementing a privacy mode in the viewing angle control panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention illustrated in FIG. 1A.

5B is a view showing a part of a cross-sectional structure of the viewing angle control panel shown in FIG. 5A.

5A and 5B show an example of a structure of a viewing angle control panel in which a privacy mode is implemented by applying an upper and lower electric fields to the electroactive polymer.

5A and 5B, a vertical electric field is formed between a pair of pixel electrodes 118 on both sides of the electroactive polymer pattern 120" and the first common electrode 108 and the upper second common electrode 128. When formed, the electroactive polymer pattern 120" can expand in the vertical direction.

That is, an upper and lower electric field may be formed between the pixel electrode 118 and the second common electrode 128 and/or the first common electrode 108 and the second common electrode 128. In this case, it is preferable that a potential difference does not occur between the pair of pixel electrodes 118 and the first common electrode 108, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

As such, as the electroactive polymer pattern 120" expands up and down, the viewing angle of the viewer is reduced, thereby enabling the privacy mode.

That is, when an electric field is applied to the electroactive polymer pattern 120" through the pixel electrode 118 and the second common electrode 128 and/or the first common electrode 108 and the second common electrode 128. As the electroactive polymer pattern 120" expands in the vertical direction, the viewing angle of the viewer is relatively smaller than the viewing angle shown in FIG. 1B, thereby enabling the privacy mode.

For example, voltages of 100 V and 100 V are applied to the pixel electrode 118 and the first common electrode 108, respectively, and voltages of 0 V can be applied to the second common electrode 128. In this case, a vertical electric field is generated between the pixel electrode 118 and the second common electrode 128 and/or the first common electrode 108 and the second common electrode 128. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

In addition, between the pair of pixel electrodes 118 and the second common electrode 128 and/or between the pair of first common electrodes 108 and the second common electrode 128, another pair of neighboring pixels A different voltage may be applied between the electrode 118 and the second common electrode 128 and/or between another pair of neighboring first common electrodes 108 and the second common electrode 128. That is, as an example, between the pixel electrode 118 in the n column and the second common electrode 128 and/or between the first common electrode 108 and the second common electrode 128 in the n column, the pixel electrode in the n+1 column ( A different voltage may be applied between 118 and the second common electrode 128 and/or between the first common electrode 108 and the second common electrode 128 in the n+1 column.

As described above, the viewing angle control panel 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention selectively implements a normal mode and a privacy mode through contraction-expansion of the electroactive polymer pattern 120, thereby viewing a viewing angle according to user convenience and environment. It has the advantage of being able to change. In addition, the viewing angle control panel 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is convenient because a process of de-attaching the existing privacy film is not required, and is not a non-detachable structure, so it can be applied regardless of the exterior design. It has the advantage.

Meanwhile, a structure such as a protrusion may be added to the second common electrode according to the present invention, and in this case, an upper and lower electric field may be formed more effectively, which will be described in detail through the second embodiment of the present invention.

6A is a perspective view showing an example of a structure of a viewing angle control panel according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

6B is a view showing a part of a cross-sectional structure of the viewing angle control panel shown in FIG. 6A.

6A and 6B show an example of a structure of a viewing angle control panel in a normal mode in which an electric field is not applied to the electroactive polymer.

The viewing angle control panel according to the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B is substantially the same as the first embodiment of the present invention, except that the projection is provided on the surface of the second common electrode. It consists of.

6A and 6B, the viewing angle control panel 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes an upper substrate 205 and a lower substrate 210 and an upper substrate 205 and a lower substrate that are bonded to each other. It may be configured to include an electrolyte layer 230 interposed between (210).

The upper substrate 205 and the lower substrate 210 may be glass or a flexible flexible substrate.

The flexible substrate is a plastic having excellent heat resistance and durability, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene napthalate (PEN), polycarbonate (PC), polyarylate, and polyimide. Can be used as a material. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various flexible materials may be used.

A plurality of pixel electrodes 218 and a first common electrode 208 may be alternately disposed on the lower substrate 210.

When driving, the plurality of pixel electrodes 218 and the first common electrode 208 may generate a lateral electric field in the electrolyte layer 230.

The plurality of pixel electrodes 218 and the first common electrode 208 may be arranged side by side on the lower substrate 210 in one direction. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the plurality of pixel electrodes 218 and the first common electrode 208 may be arranged to have a bent structure on the lower substrate 210.

The plurality of pixel electrodes 218 and the first common electrode 208 are, for example, Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO), Aluminum doped Zinc Oxide (AZO), Fluorine Tin Oxide (FTO), and silver- It may be composed of nanowires (AgNW). However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the plurality of pixel electrodes 218 and the first common electrode 208 may be made of various transparent conductive materials.

The plurality of pixel electrodes 218 and the first common electrode 208 are alternately disposed on the lower substrate 210, and in particular, an electroactive polymer pattern is formed between the pair of pixel electrodes 218 and the first common electrode 208. 220 may be provided.

In this case, the electroactive polymer pattern 220 may be arranged side by side in one direction together with the plurality of pixel electrodes 218 and the first common electrode 208. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the electroactive polymer pattern 220 may be disposed to have a bent structure on the lower substrate 210 together with the plurality of pixel electrodes 218 and the first common electrode 208. have.

Although not illustrated for convenience, a protective layer may be disposed on the pixel electrode 218 and the first common electrode 208, and an electroactive polymer pattern 220 may be disposed on the protective layer.

The protective layer may be formed of a single layer of an inorganic insulating film of a silicon nitride film (SiNx), a silicon oxide film (SiO ₂ ), or a two-layer structure in which an organic insulating film of PAC is stacked on the inorganic insulating film.

The electroactive polymer pattern 220 may be formed of a predetermined electroactive polymer.

At this time, the electroactive polymer pattern 220 may contract or relax (ie expand) according to the electric field generated between the pair of pixel electrodes 218 and the first common electrode 208. That is, as an example, the electroactive polymer pattern 220 may maintain a contracted state as illustrated in FIGS. 6A and 6B in a state in which an electric field is not applied. On the other hand, when an electric field is formed between the pair of pixel electrodes 218 and the first common electrode 208, the electroactive polymer pattern 220 may expand in the electric field direction, that is, in the transverse direction.

The electroactive polymer may include at least one of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene (PVDF-TrFE), and polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-1,1chlorofluoroethylene (PVDF-TrFE-CFE). Does not work.

The electroactive polymer pattern 220 may further include a black dye monomer for light absorption. The black dye monomer according to the present invention may include, for example, an Azo-based dye.

The second common electrode 228 may be disposed on the front surface of the upper substrate 205. In this case, when an electric field is formed between the pixel electrode 218 and the second common electrode 228 and/or the first common electrode 208 and the second common electrode 228, the electroactive polymer pattern 220 is an electric field. It can be expanded in the direction, that is, in the vertical direction.

The electrolyte layer 230 interposed between the upper substrate 205 and the lower substrate 210 may be composed of electrolytes such as LiClO ₄ , NaCl, NaOH, KOH, and LiCl.

In particular, in the case of the viewing angle control panel 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, a structure such as a protrusion 240 is additionally provided on the surface of the second common electrode 228.

The protrusion 240 may be provided on the surface of the second common electrode 228 facing the electroactive polymer pattern 220.

The protrusion 240 may be arranged side by side to the electroactive polymer pattern 220.

6A and 6B illustrate an example in which one protrusion 240 is provided to face the electroactive polymer pattern 220, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the electroactive polymer pattern 220 and A plurality of protrusions 240 may be provided to face each other.

The protrusion 240 may have various shapes, such as a semicircular shape, an elliptical shape, a lightning rod shape, or a polygonal shape, in addition to the triangle shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B.

A protective film of high hardness may be attached to at least one outer side of the viewing angle control panel 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention configured as described above, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The driving of the normal mode and the privacy mode with respect to the viewing angle control panel 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the viewing angle control panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention described above, and thus description thereof is omitted. .

As described above, the viewing angle control panel 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention selectively implements a normal mode and a privacy mode through contraction-expansion of the electroactive polymer pattern 220, thereby viewing a viewing angle according to user convenience and environment. It has the advantage of being able to change. In addition, the viewing angle control panel 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention is convenient because a process of detaching and attaching the existing privacy film is not required, and is not a detachable structure, so it can be applied regardless of the exterior design. There is an advantage.

On the other hand, the viewing angle control film of the present invention can be composed of not only the single layer described above but also the upper and lower double layers, and contracted not only by the transverse electric field but also by the vertical electric field by adding another common electrode in the middle of the upper and lower layers. -It is possible to expand, thereby obtaining a larger privacy effect, which will be described in detail through the third and fourth embodiments of the present invention.

7A is a perspective view showing an example of a structure of a viewing angle control panel according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

7B is a view showing a part of the cross-sectional structure of the viewing angle control panel shown in FIG. 7A.

7A and 7B show an example of a structure of a viewing angle control panel in a normal mode in which an electric field is not applied to the electroactive polymer.

In the viewing angle control panel according to the third embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the second common electrode is disposed in the center of the upper and lower substrates, and the pixel electrode and the second and second substrates are respectively disposed on the upper and lower substrates. 1 It consists of substantially the same configuration as the first embodiment of the present invention, except that a common electrode and an electroactive polymer are arranged.

7A and 7B, the viewing angle control panel 300 according to the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes opposite upper substrate 305 and lower substrate 310 and upper substrate 305 and lower substrate 310 ) May include a second common electrode 328.

In addition, the viewing angle control panel 300 according to the third embodiment of the present invention may further include a lower electrolyte layer 330a interposed between the second common electrode 328 and the lower substrate 310. In addition, the viewing angle control panel 300 according to the third embodiment of the present invention may further include an upper electrolyte layer 330b interposed between the upper substrate 305 and the second common electrode 328.

The upper substrate 305 and the lower substrate 310 may be glass, or a flexible flexible substrate.

The flexible substrate is a plastic having excellent heat resistance and durability, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene napthalate (PEN), polycarbonate (PC), polyarylate, and polyimide. Can be used as a material. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various flexible materials may be used.

A plurality of lower pixel electrodes 318a and a lower first common electrode 308a may be alternately disposed on the lower substrate 310.

Also, a plurality of upper pixel electrodes 318b and an upper first common electrode 308b may be alternately disposed on the upper substrate 305.

The plurality of upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a and the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a may generate lateral electric fields in the upper and lower electrolyte layers 330b and 330a, respectively, when driven.

The lower pixel electrode 318a and the lower first common electrode 308a may be arranged side by side on the lower substrate 310 in one direction. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the lower pixel electrode 318a and the lower first common electrode 308a may be disposed to have a bent structure on the lower substrate 310.

Also, the upper pixel electrode 318b and the upper first common electrode 308b may be arranged side by side on the upper substrate 305 in one direction. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the upper pixel electrode 318b and the upper first common electrode 308b may be disposed to have a bent structure on the upper substrate 305.

The plurality of upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a and the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a are, for example, Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO), and Aluminum Doped Zinc Oxide (AZO). , FTO (Fluorine Tin Oxide) and silver-nanowire (AgNW). However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the plurality of upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a and the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a may be made of various transparent conductive materials.

In this case, the plurality of lower pixel electrodes 318a and the lower first common electrode 308a are alternately disposed on the lower substrate 310, and in particular, a pair of lower pixel electrodes 318a and the lower first common electrode 308a. A lower electroactive polymer pattern 320a may be provided therebetween.

The lower electroactive polymer pattern 320a may be arranged side by side in a direction together with the plurality of lower pixel electrodes 318a and the lower first common electrode 308a. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the lower electroactive polymer pattern 320a has a plurality of lower pixel electrodes 318a and a lower first common electrode 308a, so as to have a bent structure on the lower substrate 310. It may be deployed.

In addition, the plurality of upper pixel electrodes 318b and the upper first common electrode 308b are alternately disposed on the upper substrate 305, particularly a pair of upper pixel electrodes 318b and the upper first common electrode 308b. An upper electroactive polymer pattern 320b may be provided therebetween.

The upper electroactive polymer pattern 320b may be arranged side by side in one direction together with the plurality of upper pixel electrodes 318b and the upper first common electrode 308b. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the upper electroactive polymer pattern 320b has a plurality of upper pixel electrodes 318b and an upper first common electrode 308b and has a bent structure on the upper substrate 305. It may be deployed.

Although not illustrated, a protective layer may be disposed on the lower pixel electrode 318a and the lower first common electrode 308a, and a lower electroactive polymer pattern 320a may be disposed on the protective layer. Also, a protective layer may be disposed on the upper pixel electrode 318b and the upper first common electrode 308b, and an upper electroactive polymer pattern 320b may be disposed on the protective layer.

The protective layer may be formed of a single layer of an inorganic insulating film of a silicon nitride film (SiNx), a silicon oxide film (SiO ₂ ), or a two-layer structure in which an organic insulating film of PAC is stacked on the inorganic insulating film.

The upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320b and 320a may be formed of a predetermined electroactive polymer.

At this time, the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320a and 320b contract according to the electric field generated between the pair of upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a and the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a. , Or to relax (ie expand). That is, as an example, the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320a and 320b may maintain a contracted state as illustrated in FIGS. 7A and 7B in a state in which an electric field is not applied. On the other hand, when an electric field is formed between the pair of upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a and the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a, the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320a and 320b are electric fields. It can be expanded in the direction, ie in the transverse direction.

The electroactive polymer may include at least one of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene (PVDF-TrFE), and polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-1,1chlorofluoroethylene (PVDF-TrFE-CFE). Does not work.

As described above, the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320a and 320b may further include a black dye monomer for light absorption. The black dye monomer according to the present invention may include, for example, an Azo-based dye.

Meanwhile, an electric field may be formed between the upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a and the second common electrode 328 and/or the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a and the second common electrode 328, respectively. In this case, the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320a and 320b may be expanded in the electric field direction, that is, in the vertical direction, respectively.

The upper and lower electrolyte layers 330b and 330a interposed between the upper substrate 305 and the lower substrate 310 may be composed of electrolytes such as LiClO ₄ , NaCl, NaOH, KOH, and LiCl.

A protective film having a high hardness may be attached to at least one outer side of the viewing angle control panel 300 according to the third embodiment of the present invention configured as described above, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

8A is a perspective view illustrating an example of implementing a privacy mode in a viewing angle control panel according to a third embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 7A.

8B is a view showing a part of a cross-sectional structure of the viewing angle control panel shown in FIG. 8A.

8A and 8B show an example of a structure of a viewing angle control panel in which a privacy mode is implemented by applying a lateral electric field to upper and lower electroactive polymers.

8A and 8B, a pair of upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a and upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a on both sides of the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320b' and 320a'. ), when the lateral electric field is formed, the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320b' and 320a' may expand in the electric field direction, that is, in the lateral direction, respectively.

As described above, as the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320b' and 320a' expand, the viewing angle of the viewer illustrated by the arrow decreases, thereby enabling the privacy mode. That is, a transverse electric field is applied to the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320b' and 320a' through the pair of upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a and the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a, respectively. When possible, as the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320b' and 320a' expand in the transverse direction, the viewing angle of the viewer decreases more than the viewing angles shown in FIGS. 1B and 4B, thereby enabling the privacy mode.

For example, voltages of 100V and 0V are applied to the upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a and the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a, respectively, and 50V is applied to the second common electrode 328. Can be. In this case, a lateral electric field is generated between the upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a and the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a, respectively. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

Further, as another example, between the pair of upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a and the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a, the other pair of adjacent upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a Different voltages may be applied to the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a, respectively. That is, as an example, between the upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a in the n column and the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a, the upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a in the n+1 column and the upper and lower columns A voltage different from each other between the first common electrodes 308b and 308a may be applied.

9A is a perspective view illustrating another example of implementing a privacy mode in the viewing angle control panel according to the third embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 7A.

9B is a view showing a part of a cross-sectional structure of the viewing angle control panel shown in FIG. 9A.

9A and 9B show an example of a structure of a viewing angle control panel in which a privacy mode is implemented by applying an upper and lower electric fields to upper and lower electroactive polymers.

9A and 9B, a pair of upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a and upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a on both sides of the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320b" and 320a" ) And when the upper and lower electric fields are generated between the second common electrode 328, the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320b" and 320a" may respectively expand in the vertical direction.

That is, the upper and lower electric fields are generated between the upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a and the second common electrode 328 and/or the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a and the second common electrode 328, respectively. Can be. It is preferable that a potential difference does not occur between the pair of upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a and the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

As such, as the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320b" and 320a" expand upward and downward, the viewing angle of the viewer is reduced, thereby enabling the privacy mode.

That is, the upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a and the second common electrode 328 and/or the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a and the second common electrode 328 through the upper and lower electroactive regions. When the upper and lower electric fields are applied to the polymer patterns 320b" and 320a", the viewer's viewing angle is shown in FIGS. 1B and 4B as the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320b" and 320a" expand in the vertical direction, respectively. It is possible to implement a privacy mode because it is relatively smaller than the viewing angle.

For example, voltages of 100V and 100V are applied to the upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a and the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a, respectively, and a voltage of 5V is applied to the second common electrode 328. Can be. In this case, upper and lower electric fields are generated between the upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a and the second common electrode 328 and/or the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a and the second common electrode 328, respectively. Is done. Accordingly, the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320b" and 320a" may expand in the vertical direction, respectively. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

Further, between the pair of upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a and the second common electrode 328 and/or the pair of upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a and the second common electrode 328 Between the pair of neighboring upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a and the second common electrode 328 and/or the pair of neighboring upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a. A voltage different from that between the second common electrodes 328 may be applied. That is, as an example, between the upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a in the n column and the second common electrode 328 and/or the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a and the second common electrode 328 in the n column. Between the upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a in the n+1 column and the second common electrode 328, and/or the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a and the second common electrode in the n+1 column. A voltage different from that between 328 may be applied.

Particularly, the viewing angle control panel 300 according to the third embodiment of the present invention selectively implements a normal mode and a privacy mode through contraction-expansion of the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320b and 320a, thereby allowing user convenience. It has the advantage of changing the viewing angle to suit the environment.

In addition, the viewing angle control panel 300 according to the third embodiment of the present invention is convenient because it does not require a process of attaching and detaching the existing privacy film in the same manner as the first and second embodiments of the present invention described above. , Since it is not a detachable structure, it has an advantage that can be applied regardless of the exterior design.

On the other hand, according to the present invention, the upper and lower electroactive polymers are individually driven for each region or line, and thus the viewing angle can be variously changed according to user convenience and environment, which will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

10 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of driving in the viewing angle control panel according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

10 shows another example of implementing a privacy mode in the viewing angle control panel according to the third embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 7A.

FIG. 10 shows an example in which a lateral electric field is applied to the lower electroactive polymer, while a vertical mode is applied to the upper electroactive polymer to implement a privacy mode.

Referring to FIG. 10, when a lateral electric field is generated between a pair of lower pixel electrodes 318a and a lower first common electrode 308a on both sides of the lower electroactive polymer pattern 320a', the lower electroactive polymer pattern ( 320a') may expand in the transverse direction. In addition, when a vertical electric field is generated between a pair of upper pixel electrodes 318b on both sides of the upper electroactive polymer pattern 320b" and the upper first common electrode 308b and the second common electrode 328, upper electricity is generated. The active polymer pattern 320b" may expand in the vertical direction.

That is, in this case, a lateral electric field may be generated between the lower pixel electrode 318a and the lower first common electrode 308a.

Also, vertical electric fields may be generated between the upper pixel electrode 318b and the second common electrode 328 and/or the upper first common electrode 308b and the second common electrode 328. It is preferable that a potential difference does not occur between the pair of upper pixel electrodes 318b and the upper first common electrode 308b, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

As such, the lower electroactive polymer pattern 320a' expands in the transverse direction, and the upper electroactive polymer pattern 320b" expands in the vertical direction, thereby reducing the viewing angle of the viewer, thereby enabling the privacy mode.

A lateral electric field is applied to the lower electroactive polymer pattern 320a' through the lower pixel electrode 318a and the lower first common electrode 308a, and at the same time, the upper pixel electrode 318b and the second common electrode 328 and/or Alternatively, the upper and lower electric fields are applied to the upper electroactive polymer pattern 320b" through the upper first common electrode 308b and the second common electrode 328, so that the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320b" and 320a' are As each expands in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, the viewing angle of the viewer decreases, so that a privacy mode can be implemented.

11 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of driving in the viewing angle control panel according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

11 shows another example of implementing a privacy mode in the viewing angle control panel according to the third embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 7A.

11 illustrates an example in which a privacy mode is implemented by applying an upper and lower electric fields to the upper electroactive polymer, while no electric field is applied to the lower electroactive polymer. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and as another example, no electric field is applied to the upper electroactive polymer, while the upper and lower electric fields are applied to the lower electroactive polymer to implement a privacy mode.

Referring to FIG. 11, when no electric field is generated between the pair of lower pixel electrodes 318a on both sides of the lower electroactive polymer pattern 320a and the lower first common electrode 308a, the lower electroactive polymer pattern ( 320a) can maintain a contracted state. On the other hand, when a vertical electric field is generated between the pair of upper pixel electrodes 318b on both sides of the upper electroactive polymer pattern 320b" and the upper first common electrode 308b and the second common electrode 328, the upper electricity The active polymer pattern 320b" may expand in the vertical direction.

That is, in this case, vertical electric fields may be generated between the upper pixel electrode 318b and the second common electrode 328 and/or the upper first common electrode 308b and the second common electrode 328. It is preferable that a potential difference does not occur between the pair of upper pixel electrodes 318b and the upper first common electrode 308b, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

As such, as the upper electroactive polymer pattern 320b" expands in the vertical direction, the viewing angle of the viewer is reduced, thereby enabling the privacy mode.

That is, the upper and lower electric fields are applied to the upper electroactive polymer pattern 320b" through the upper pixel electrode 318b and the second common electrode 328 and/or the upper first common electrode 308b and the second common electrode 328. As it is applied, as the upper electroactive polymer pattern 320b" expands in the vertical direction, the viewing angle of the viewer decreases, thereby enabling the privacy mode.

For example, voltages of 5V and 5V are applied to the lower pixel electrode 318a and the lower first common electrode 308a, respectively, and voltages of 5V are applied to the second common electrode 328, while the upper pixel electrode 318b is applied. ) And voltages of 100 V and 100 V, respectively, may be applied to the upper first common electrode 308 b. In this case, a vertical electric field is generated between the upper pixel electrode 318b and the second common electrode 328 and/or the upper first common electrode 308b and the second common electrode 328. Accordingly, the upper electroactive polymer pattern 320b" may expand in the vertical direction. However, the present invention is not limited thereto.

As another example, when no electric field is applied to the upper electroactive polymer 320b, while the upper and lower electric fields are applied to the lower electroactive polymer 320a, the lower pixel electrode 318a and the lower first common electrode ( While voltages of 100V and 100V are applied to 308a), voltages of 5V and 5V are applied to the upper pixel electrode 318b and the upper first common electrode 308b, respectively, and the voltage of 5V is applied to the second common electrode 328. Voltage can be applied.

Further, between the pair of upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a and the second common electrode 328 and/or the pair of upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a and the second common electrode 328 Between the pair of neighboring upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a and the second common electrode 328 and/or the pair of neighboring upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a. A voltage different from that between the second common electrodes 328 may be applied. That is, as an example, between the upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a in the n column and the second common electrode 328 and/or the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a and the second common electrode 328 in the n column. Between the upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a in the n+1 column and the second common electrode 328, and/or the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a and the second common electrode in the n+1 column. A voltage different from that between 328 may be applied.

12 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of driving in the viewing angle control panel according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

12 illustrates another example of implementing a privacy mode in the viewing angle control panel according to the third embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 7A.

FIG. 12 assumes that the first column is the n-column, and the second column is the n+1-column, while no electric field is applied to the upper and lower electroactive polymers of the n-column, whereas the phase of the n+1 column, An example is shown in which a privacy mode is partially implemented by applying an upper and lower electric fields to the lower electroactive polymer.

However, the present invention is not limited to this, and as another example, no electric field is applied to the upper and lower electroactive polymers in the n+1 row, whereas upper and lower electric fields are applied to the upper and lower electroactive polymers in the n row to partially protect it. Modes may be implemented.

Further, as another example, while no electric field is applied to the upper and lower electroactive polymers of some regions, an upper and lower electric field is applied to the upper and lower electroactive polymers of other regions to partially implement a privacy mode. .

Referring to FIG. 12, when no electric field is generated between the pair of lower pixel electrodes 318a and the lower first common electrode 308a on both sides of the n-column upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320a and 320b, The n-row upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320a and 320b may maintain a contracted state.

On the other hand, the pair of the upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a and the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a and the second pair of the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320b" and 320a" of the n+1 column. When the upper and lower electric fields are generated between the two common electrodes 328, the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320b" and 320a" of the n+1 column may respectively expand in the vertical direction.

That is, the upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a in the n+1 column and the second common electrode 328 and/or the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a and the second common electrode 328 in the n+1 column. ) Between the upper and lower electric fields may be generated. It is preferable that the potential difference does not occur between the pair of upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a and the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a in the n+1 column, but the present invention is limited to this. It does not work.

As described above, as the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320b" and 320a" of the n+1 column expand in the vertical direction, the viewing angle is partially reduced, thereby enabling the privacy mode.

That is, the upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a in the n+1 column and the second common electrode 328 and/or the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a and the second common electrode 328 in the n+1 column. ), the upper and lower electric fields are applied to the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320b" and 320a" of the n+1 column, respectively, so that the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320b" and 320a" of the n+1 column are in the vertical direction. As each expands, the viewing angle of the viewer decreases, thereby partially implementing a privacy mode.

For example, voltages of 5V and 5V are applied to the upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a of the n-column and the first and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a, respectively, and the voltage of 5V is applied to the second common electrode 328. While this is applied, voltages of 100V and 100V may be applied to the upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a of the n+1 column, and the first and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a, respectively. In this case, the upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a in the n+1 column and the second common electrode 328 and/or the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a in the n+1 column and the second common electrode 328 ) Between the upper and lower electric fields. Accordingly, n+1 rows of upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320b" and 320a" may expand in the vertical direction, respectively. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

As another example, voltages of 5V and 5V are applied to the upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a of the n+1 column, and the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a, respectively, and the second common electrode 328 A voltage of 5V is applied to the voltage, whereas voltages of 100V and 100V may be applied to the upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a of the n-column and the first and lower common electrodes 308b and 308a, respectively. In this case, the upper and lower pixel electrodes 318b and 318a in the n column and the second common electrode 328 and/or the upper and lower first common electrodes 308b and 308a and the second common electrode 328 in the n column are vertically arranged. Each electric field is generated. Accordingly, the n-row upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320b" and 320a" may expand in the vertical direction, respectively. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

Also, as another example, no electric field is applied to the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320b and 320a of some regions, while the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 320b" and 320a" of other regions are not applied. A privacy mode may be partially implemented by applying the upper and lower electric fields.

Meanwhile, structures such as protrusions may be added to the upper and lower portions of the second common electrode according to the present invention, and in this case, an upper and lower electric field may be formed more effectively, which will be described in detail through the fourth embodiment of the present invention. do.

13A is a perspective view showing a structure of a viewing angle control panel according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention as an example.

13B is a view showing a part of a cross-sectional structure of the viewing angle control panel shown in FIG. 13A as an example.

13A and 13B show an example of the structure of a viewing angle control panel in a normal mode in which an electric field is not applied to the electroactive polymer.

The viewing angle control panel according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B is substantially the same as the third embodiment of the present invention described above, except that protrusions are provided on the surface of the second common electrode. It consists of.

13A and 13B, the viewing angle control panel 400 according to the fourth exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes opposite upper substrate 405 and lower substrate 410 and upper substrate 405 and lower substrate 410. ) May include a second common electrode 428.

In addition, the viewing angle control panel 400 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention may further include a lower electrolyte layer 430a interposed between the second common electrode 428 and the lower substrate 410. In addition, the viewing angle control panel 400 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention may further include an upper electrolyte layer 430b interposed between the upper substrate 405 and the second common electrode 428.

The upper substrate 405 and the lower substrate 410 may be glass or a flexible flexible substrate.

The flexible substrate is a plastic having excellent heat resistance and durability, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene napthalate (PEN), polycarbonate (PC), polyarylate, and polyimide. Can be used as a material. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various flexible materials may be used.

A plurality of lower pixel electrodes 418a and a lower first common electrode 408a may be alternately disposed on the lower substrate 410.

Also, a plurality of upper pixel electrodes 418b and an upper first common electrode 408b may be alternately disposed on the upper substrate 405.

The plurality of upper and lower pixel electrodes 418b and 418a and the upper and lower first common electrodes 408b and 408a may generate lateral electric fields in the upper and lower electrolyte layers 430b and 430a, respectively, when driven.

The lower pixel electrode 418a and the lower first common electrode 408a may be arranged side by side on the lower substrate 410 in one direction. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the lower pixel electrode 418a and the lower first common electrode 408a may be disposed to have a bent structure on the lower substrate 410.

Also, the upper pixel electrode 418b and the upper first common electrode 408b may be arranged side by side on the upper substrate 405 in one direction. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the upper pixel electrode 418b and the upper first common electrode 408b may be disposed to have a bent structure on the upper substrate 405.

The plurality of upper and lower pixel electrodes 418b and 418a and the upper and lower first common electrodes 408b and 408a include, for example, Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO), and Aluminum Doped Zinc Oxide (AZO). , FTO (Fluorine Tin Oxide) and silver-nanowire (AgNW). However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the plurality of upper and lower pixel electrodes 418b and 418a and the upper and lower first common electrodes 408b and 408a may be made of various transparent conductive materials.

In this case, the plurality of lower pixel electrodes 418a and the lower first common electrode 408a are alternately disposed on the lower substrate 410, and in particular, a pair of lower pixel electrodes 418a and the lower first common electrode 408a. A lower electroactive polymer pattern 420a may be provided therebetween.

The lower electroactive polymer pattern 420a may be arranged side by side in a direction together with the plurality of lower pixel electrodes 418a and the lower first common electrode 408a. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the lower electroactive polymer pattern 420a has a plurality of lower pixel electrodes 418a and a lower first common electrode 408a, so as to have a bent structure on the lower substrate 410. It may be deployed.

In addition, the plurality of upper pixel electrodes 418b and the upper first common electrode 408b are alternately disposed on the upper substrate 405, particularly a pair of upper pixel electrodes 418b and the upper first common electrode 408b. An upper electroactive polymer pattern 420b may be provided therebetween.

The upper electroactive polymer pattern 420b may be arranged side by side in one direction together with the plurality of upper pixel electrodes 418b and the upper first common electrode 408b. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the upper electroactive polymer pattern 420b has a plurality of upper pixel electrodes 418b and an upper first common electrode 408b, and has a bent structure on the upper substrate 405. It may be deployed.

Although not illustrated, a protective layer may be disposed on the lower pixel electrode 418a and the lower first common electrode 408a, and a lower electroactive polymer pattern 420a may be disposed on the protective layer. Further, a protective layer may be disposed on the upper pixel electrode 418b and the upper first common electrode 408b, and an upper electroactive polymer pattern 420b may be disposed on the protective layer.

The protective layer may be formed of a single layer of an inorganic insulating film of a silicon nitride film (SiNx), a silicon oxide film (SiO ₂ ), or a two-layer structure in which an organic insulating film of PAC is stacked on the inorganic insulating film.

The upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 420b and 420a may be formed of a predetermined electroactive polymer.

At this time, the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 420a and 420b contract according to the electric field generated between the pair of upper and lower pixel electrodes 418b and 418a and the upper and lower first common electrodes 408b and 408a. , Or relax (ie, expand). That is, as an example, the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 420a and 420b may maintain a contracted state as illustrated in FIGS. 13A and 13B in a state in which an electric field is not applied. On the other hand, when an electric field is formed between the pair of upper and lower pixel electrodes 418b and 418a and the upper and lower first common electrodes 408b and 408a, the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 420a and 420b are electric fields. It can be expanded in the direction, ie in the transverse direction.

The electroactive polymer may include at least one of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene (PVDF-TrFE), and polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-1,1chlorofluoroethylene (PVDF-TrFE-CFE). Does not work.

As described above, the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 420a and 420b may further include a black dye monomer for light absorption. The black dye monomer according to the present invention may include, for example, an Azo-based dye.

Meanwhile, an electric field may be formed between the upper and lower pixel electrodes 418b and 418a and the second common electrode 428 and/or the upper and lower first common electrodes 408b and 408a and the second common electrode 428, respectively. In this case, the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 420a and 420b may be expanded in the electric field direction, that is, in the vertical direction, respectively.

The upper and lower electrolyte layers 430b and 430a interposed between the upper substrate 405 and the lower substrate 410 may be formed of electrolytes such as LiClO ₄ , NaCl, NaOH, KOH, and LiCl.

In particular, in the case of the viewing angle control panel 400 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, structures such as upper and lower protrusions 440b and 440a are additionally provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the second common electrode 428. It is characterized by being.

The upper and lower protrusions 440b and 440a may be provided on upper and lower surfaces of the second common electrode 428 facing the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 420b and 420a, respectively.

The upper and lower protrusions 440b and 440a may be arranged side by side in the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 420b and 420a, respectively.

13A and 13B illustrate an example in which one upper and lower protrusion 440b and 440a are provided to face the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 420b and 420a, respectively, but the present invention is not limited thereto. , In the present invention, a plurality of upper and lower protrusions 440b and 440a may be provided to face the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 420b and 420a, respectively.

The upper and lower protrusions 440b and 440a may have various shapes, such as a semicircular shape, an elliptical shape, a lightning rod shape, or a polygonal shape, in addition to the triangles shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, respectively.

A protective film of high hardness may be attached to at least one outer side of the viewing angle control panel 400 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention configured as described above, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Since driving of the normal mode and the privacy mode for the viewing angle control panel 400 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the viewing angle control panel according to the first to third embodiments of the present invention, Omit the description.

14 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of driving in the viewing angle control panel according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

14 shows another example of implementing a privacy mode in the viewing angle control panel according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 13B.

14 shows an example in which no electric field is applied to the upper electroactive polymer, whereas a transverse electric field is applied to the lower electroactive polymer to implement a privacy mode. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and as another example, while no electric field is applied to the lower electroactive polymer, a transverse electric field is applied to the upper electroactive polymer to implement a privacy mode.

Referring to FIG. 14, when no electric field is generated between the pair of upper pixel electrodes 418b on both sides of the upper electroactive polymer pattern 420b and the upper first common electrode 408b, the upper electroactive polymer pattern ( 420b) may maintain a contracted state. On the other hand, when a lateral electric field is generated between a pair of lower pixel electrodes 418a on both sides of the lower electroactive polymer pattern 420a' and the lower first common electrode 408a, the lower electroactive polymer pattern 420a' is It can expand in the transverse direction.

That is, in this case, a lateral electric field may be generated between the lower pixel electrode 418a and the lower first common electrode 408a.

As such, as the lower electroactive polymer pattern 420a' expands in the transverse direction, the viewing angle of the viewer decreases, thereby enabling a privacy mode.

That is, a transverse electric field is applied to the lower electroactive polymer pattern 420a' through the lower pixel electrode 418a and the lower first common electrode 408a, and the lower electroactive polymer pattern 420a' expands in the transverse direction. Accordingly, the viewing angle is reduced, so that a privacy mode can be implemented.

For example, voltages of 50V and 50V are applied to the upper pixel electrode 418b and the upper first common electrode 408b, respectively, and voltages of 50V are applied to the second common electrode 428, while the lower pixel electrode 418a is applied. ) And the lower first common electrode 408a may be applied with voltages of 100V and 5V, respectively. At this time, a lateral electric field is generated between the lower pixel electrode 418a and the lower first common electrode 408a. Accordingly, the lower electroactive polymer pattern 420a' may expand in the transverse direction. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

As another example, when no electric field is applied to the lower electroactive polymer 420a, while when the upper and lower electric fields are applied to the upper electroactive polymer 420b', the lower pixel electrode 418a and the lower first common electrode ( 50V and 50V voltages are applied to 408a, respectively, and 50V voltage is applied to second common electrode 428, while 100V and 5V voltages are applied to upper pixel electrode 418b and upper first common electrode 408b, respectively. Voltage can be applied. At this time, a lateral electric field is generated between the upper pixel electrode 418b and the upper first common electrode 408b. Accordingly, the upper electroactive polymer pattern 420b' may expand in the transverse direction.

In addition, between the pair of upper and lower pixel electrodes 418b and 418a and the second common electrode 428 and/or the pair of upper and lower first common electrodes 408b and 408a and the second common electrode 428. Between the pair of neighboring upper and lower pixel electrodes 418b and 418a and the second common electrode 428 and/or between the pair of neighboring upper and lower first common electrodes 408b and 408a. A voltage different from that between the second common electrodes 428 may be applied. That is, as an example, between the upper and lower pixel electrodes 418b and 418a in the n column and the second common electrode 428 and/or the upper and lower first common electrodes 408b and 408a and the second common electrode 428 in the n column. Between the upper and lower pixel electrodes 418b and 418a in the n+1 column and the second common electrode 428 and/or the upper and lower first common electrodes 408b and 408a and the second common electrode in the n+1 column. A voltage different from that of 428 may be applied.

15 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of driving in the viewing angle control panel according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 shows another example of implementing a privacy mode in the viewing angle control panel according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 13B.

FIG. 15 assumes that the first column is an n-column, and the second column is an n+1-column, while no electric field is applied to the upper and lower electroactive polymers of the n-column, whereas the phase of the n+1 column, It shows an example in which a privacy mode is partially implemented by applying a lateral electric field to the lower electroactive polymer.

However, the present invention is not limited to this, and as another example, no electric field is applied to the upper and lower electroactive polymers in the n+1 column, whereas a transverse electric field is applied to the upper and lower electroactive polymers in the n column to partially protect it. Modes may be implemented.

Further, as another example, no electric field is applied to the upper and lower electroactive polymers of some regions, while a transverse electric field is applied to the upper and lower electroactive polymers of other regions to partially implement a privacy mode. .

Referring to FIG. 15, when no electric field is generated between the pair of lower pixel electrodes 418a and the lower first common electrode 408a on both sides of the n-column upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 420a and 420b, The n-row upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 420a and 420b may maintain a contracted state.

On the other hand, a pair of the upper and lower pixel electrodes 418b and 418a and upper and lower first common electrodes 408b and 408a and a pair of both sides of the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 420b' and 420a' in the n+1 column. 2 When a transverse electric field is generated between the common electrodes 428, upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 420b' and 420a' of n+1 rows may expand in the transverse direction, respectively.

That is, a lateral electric field may be generated between the upper and lower pixel electrodes 418b and 418a of the n+1 column and the upper and lower first common electrodes 408b and 408a, respectively.

As described above, as the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 420b' and 420a' of the n+1 column expand in the transverse direction, the viewing angle is partially reduced, thereby enabling a privacy mode.

That is, the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 420b' and 420a' of the n+1 column through the upper and lower pixel electrodes 418b and 418a of the n+1 column and the upper and lower first common electrodes 408b and 408a. As the transverse electric field is applied respectively, as the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 420b' and 420a' of the n+1 column expand in the transverse direction, the viewing angle of the viewer decreases, thereby partially enabling the privacy mode.

For example, voltages of 50V and 50V are applied to the upper and lower pixel electrodes 418b and 418a of the n-column and the first and lower common electrodes 408b and 408a, and a voltage of 50V is applied to the second common electrode 428. On the other hand, voltages of 100V and 5V may be applied to the upper and lower pixel electrodes 418b and 418a of the n+1 column, and the first and lower first common electrodes 408b and 408a, respectively. In this case, a lateral electric field is generated between the upper and lower pixel electrodes 418b and 418a of the n+1 column and the upper and lower first common electrodes 408b and 408a, respectively. Accordingly, the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 420b' and 420a' of the n+1 row may expand in the transverse direction, respectively. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

As another example, voltages of 50 V and 50 V are applied to the upper and lower pixel electrodes 418b and 418a of the n+1 column and the upper and lower first common electrodes 408b and 408a, respectively, and the second common electrode 428. A voltage of 50 V may be applied to the voltages, whereas voltages of 100 V and 5 V may be applied to the upper and lower pixel electrodes 418b and 418a of the n-column and the first common electrodes 408b and 408a of the upper and lower columns, respectively. In this case, a lateral electric field is generated between the upper and lower pixel electrodes 418b and 418a of the n-column and the upper and lower first common electrodes 408b and 408a, respectively. Accordingly, the n-column upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 420b' and 420a' may expand in the transverse direction, respectively. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

Further, as another example, no electric field is applied to the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 420b and 420a of some regions, while the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns 420b' and 420a' of other regions are not applied. A transverse electric field may be applied, respectively, to partially implement a privacy mode.

On the other hand, the viewing angle control panel of the present invention configured as described above is attached to the front or rear of the liquid crystal panel or the organic light emitting display panel, and can control the viewing angle, which will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

16 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a structure of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 16, a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a display panel 550 in which pixels are arranged in a matrix form to output an image, and a display panel 550 installed on the rear surface of the display panel 550 It may be configured to include a backlight unit 560 for emitting light on the front of the.

In this case, when a liquid crystal display device is used as a display device, the display panel 550 may be a liquid crystal panel.

Accordingly, the display panel 550 faces each other so that the cell gap between the color filter substrate 553 and the array substrate 552 and the color filter substrate 553 and the array substrate 552 are bonded so that a uniform cell gap is maintained. It may be made of a liquid crystal layer formed on.

Although not shown in detail, the color filter substrate 553 includes a color filter composed of a plurality of sub-color filters that realize red, green, and blue colors, and between the sub-color filters. It can be made of a black matrix that separates and blocks light passing through the liquid crystal layer, and a transparent common electrode that applies voltage to the liquid crystal layer.

The array substrate 552 may be formed of a plurality of gate lines and data lines that are arranged horizontally and vertically to define a plurality of pixel areas, a thin film transistor formed in a crossing region of the gate line and the data line, and a pixel electrode formed in the pixel area.

A common electrode and a pixel electrode are formed on the display panel 550 where the color filter substrate 553 and the array substrate 552 are bonded to apply an electric field to the liquid crystal layer. In addition, when the voltage of the data signal applied to the pixel electrode is controlled while the voltage is applied to the common electrode, the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer is rotated by dielectric anisotropy according to the electric field between the common electrode and the pixel electrode, so that a pixel is formed. Text or images can be displayed by transmitting or blocking light.

Upper and lower polarizing plates 554 and 551 may be attached to the outside of the display panel 550 configured as described above.

At this time, the lower polarizing plate 551 polarizes the light passing through the backlight unit 460, and the upper polarizing plate 554 polarizes the light passing through the display panel 550.

The present invention is not limited to the direct type (direct type) or the edge type (edge type) according to the manner in which the light emitting lamp is arranged, but for example, in detail, the edge type backlight unit 560 is described in detail. Two lamps may be installed, and a reflector may be installed on the rear surface of the light guide plate.

The light emitted from the lamp enters the side surface of the light guide plate made of a transparent material, and the reflector disposed on the rear surface of the light guide plate reflects light transmitted through the back surface of the light guide plate toward the optical sheets 570 on the top surface of the light guide plate to reduce light loss and uniformity. To improve.

The display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may further include a brightness enhancing film such as a DBEF (Double Bright Enhancement Film) on the optical sheet, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The display panel 550 made of the color filter substrate 553 and the array substrate 552 is mounted on the backlight unit 560 configured as described above to form a display device.

At this time, in the case of the present invention, the viewing angle control panel 100 for controlling the viewing angle is provided on the display panel 550.

The viewing angle control panel 100 may include an upper substrate 105 and a lower substrate 110 and an electrolyte layer 130 interposed between the upper substrate 105 and the lower substrate 110 as described above. have.

A viewing angle control panel and a display device including the same may be described as follows according to embodiments of the present invention.

The viewing angle control panel according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes an upper substrate and a lower substrate facing each other, a plurality of pixel electrodes and a first common electrode alternately disposed on the lower substrate, and between the pixel electrode and the first common electrode. And an electroactive polymer pattern made of an electroactive polymer, a second common electrode disposed on the upper substrate, and an electrolyte layer interposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the plurality of pixel electrodes and the first common electrode are disposed side by side on the lower substrate, and the second common electrode includes the plurality of pixel electrodes and the first common electrode. Together, they may be arranged side by side in the one direction.

According to another feature of the present invention, the electroactive polymer pattern may contract or expand according to an electric field generated between the pixel electrode and the first common electrode.

According to another feature of the present invention, when an electric field is formed between the pixel electrode and the first common electrode, the electroactive polymer pattern expands in a lateral direction, thereby implementing a privacy mode.

According to another feature of the invention, when an electric field is formed between the pixel electrode and the second common electrode and/or the first common electrode and the second common electrode, the electroactive polymer pattern expands in the vertical direction Thus, a privacy mode can be implemented.

According to another feature of the invention, the electroactive polymer, PVDF (Polyvinylidene fluoride), PVDF-TrFE (Polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene), PVDF-TrFE-CFE (Polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-1,1chlorofluoroethylene) at least one of It can contain.

According to another feature of the present invention, the electroactive polymer may further include an Azo-based black dye.

According to another feature of the invention, the electrolyte layer, LiClO4, NaCl, NaOH, KOH, LiCl It may be composed of at least one of the electrolyte (electrolyte).

According to another feature of the present invention, between the pair of pixel electrodes and the first common electrode, a different voltage may be applied between the pair of adjacent pixel electrodes and the first common electrode.

According to another feature of the invention, between the pair of the pixel electrode and the second common electrode and / or between the pair of the first common electrode and the second common electrode, the other pair of the adjacent pixel electrode A different voltage may be applied between the second common electrode and/or between the other pair of the first common electrode and the second common electrode.

According to another feature of the invention, it may further include a projection provided on the surface of the second common electrode.

According to another feature of the present invention, the protrusion is provided on the surface of the second common electrode facing the electroactive polymer pattern, and may be arranged side by side to the electroactive polymer pattern.

The viewing angle control panel according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes an upper substrate and a lower substrate facing each other, a plurality of lower pixel electrodes and a lower first common electrode alternately disposed on the lower substrate, the lower pixel electrode and the lower portion. A lower electroactive polymer pattern made of an electroactive polymer, disposed between a first common electrode, a plurality of upper pixel electrodes and an upper first common electrode alternately disposed on the upper substrate, the upper pixel electrode and the upper first common An upper electroactive polymer pattern made of an electroactive polymer disposed between the electrodes, a second common electrode disposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, a lower electrolyte layer interposed between the second common electrode and the lower substrate, and An upper electrolyte layer interposed between the upper substrate and the second common electrode may be included.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the plurality of upper and lower pixel electrodes and the upper and lower first common electrodes are disposed side by side in the one direction on the upper and lower substrates, and the second common electrode is the plurality of The upper and lower pixel electrodes and the upper and lower first common electrodes may be arranged side by side in the one direction, respectively.

According to another feature of the present invention, the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns may contract or expand, respectively, according to an electric field generated between the upper and lower pixel electrodes and the upper and lower first common electrodes.

According to another feature of the present invention, when an electric field is formed between the upper and lower pixel electrodes and the upper and lower first common electrodes, the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns expand in the horizontal direction, respectively, to protect the privacy. You can implement the mod.

According to another feature of the present invention, when the electric field is formed between the upper and lower pixel electrodes and the second common electrode and/or the upper and lower first common electrodes and the second common electrode, respectively, The lower electroactive polymer patterns may expand in the vertical direction, respectively, to implement a privacy mode.

According to another feature of the present invention, between the pair of the upper, lower pixel electrodes and the upper and lower first common electrodes, the adjacent pair of the upper, lower pixel electrodes and the upper and lower first common electrodes, respectively. Different voltages may be applied.

According to another feature of the present invention, between the pair of the upper and lower pixel electrodes and the second common electrode and/or between the pair of the upper and lower first common electrodes and the second common electrode, each neighboring other Different voltages may be applied between the pair of the upper and lower pixel electrodes and the second common electrode and/or between the other pair of the upper and lower first common electrodes and the second common electrode.

According to another feature of the present invention, the upper and lower protrusions respectively provided on the surface of the second common electrode may be further included.

According to another feature of the present invention, the upper and lower protrusions are provided on the surfaces of the second common electrode facing the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns, respectively, and aligned with the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns, respectively. Can be placed.

According to another feature of the present invention, an upper and lower electric fields are formed between the upper pixel electrode and the second common electrode and/or the upper first common electrode and the second common electrode, and the lower pixel electrode and the lower A lateral electric field may be formed between the first common electrodes.

According to another feature of the present invention, an electric field is formed between a portion of the upper and lower pixel electrodes and the second common electrode and/or the upper and lower first common electrodes and the second common electrode, respectively. An electric field may not be formed between the upper and lower pixel electrodes and the second common electrode and/or the upper and lower first common electrodes and the second common electrode.

According to another feature of the present invention, a vertical electric field is formed between a portion of the upper pixel electrode and the second common electrode and/or the upper first common electrode and the second common electrode, and the other portion of the upper pixel A lateral electric field may be formed between the electrode and the upper first common electrode.

According to another feature of the present invention, an upper and lower electric field is formed between a part of the lower pixel electrode and the second common electrode and/or the lower first common electrode and the second common electrode, and the other part of the lower pixel A lateral electric field may be formed between the electrode and the lower first common electrode.

A display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a display panel for outputting an image and a viewing angle control panel installed on a front or rear surface of the display panel to control a viewing angle, wherein the viewing angle control panels are opposite to each other A substrate and a lower substrate, a plurality of pixel electrodes and a first common electrode alternately disposed on the lower substrate, an electroactive polymer pattern formed between the pixel electrode and the first common electrode, and comprising an electroactive polymer, the upper substrate A second common electrode disposed above and an electrolyte layer interposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate may be included.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to these embodiments, and may be variously modified without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. . Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not intended to limit the technical spirit of the present invention, but to explain, and the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are illustrative in all respects and not restrictive. The scope of protection of the present invention should be interpreted by the following claims, and all technical spirits within the equivalent range should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention.

100: electrochromic device
105, 205, 305: second substrate
110, 210, 310: first substrate
115a, 215a, 315a: gate insulating layer
115b, 215b, 315b: protective layer
115c, 215c, 315c: planarization layer
118, 218, 318: reflective electrode
128, 228, 328: pixel electrode
150, 250, 350: electrolyte layer
155, 255, 355: electrochromic layer
170, 270, 370: bank
280, 380: ion barrier

Claims (26)

Upper and lower substrates facing each other;
A plurality of pixel electrodes and a first common electrode alternately disposed on the lower substrate;
An electroactive polymer pattern disposed between the pixel electrode and the first common electrode and made of an electroactive polymer;
A second common electrode disposed on the upper substrate; And
And an electrolyte layer interposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate. According to claim 1,
The plurality of pixel electrodes and the first common electrode are arranged side by side on the lower substrate in one direction,
The second common electrode is disposed side by side in the one direction together with the plurality of pixel electrodes and the first common electrode, the viewing angle control panel. According to claim 1,
The electroactive polymer pattern contracts or expands according to an electric field generated between the pixel electrode and the first common electrode, a viewing angle control panel. The method of claim 3,
When an electric field is formed between the pixel electrode and the first common electrode, the electroactive polymer pattern expands in a lateral direction to implement a privacy mode, a viewing angle control panel. The method of claim 3,
When an electric field is formed between the pixel electrode and the second common electrode and/or the first common electrode and the second common electrode, the electroactive polymer pattern expands in the vertical direction, thereby implementing a privacy mode, viewing angle Control panel. According to claim 1,
The electroactive polymer, PVDF (Polyvinylidene fluoride), PVDF-TrFE (Polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene), PVDF-TrFE-CFE (Polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-1,1chlorofluoroethylene), at least one of the viewing angle control panel. The method of claim 6,
The electroactive polymer further comprises an Azo-based black dye, viewing angle control panel. According to claim 1,
The electrolyte layer, LiClO4, NaCl, NaOH, KOH, LiCl consisting of at least one of the electrolyte (electrolyte), viewing angle control panel. According to claim 1,
A different viewing angle control panel is applied between the pair of pixel electrodes and the first common electrode, and a different voltage is applied between the pair of other adjacent pixel electrodes and the first common electrode. According to claim 1,
Between a pair of the pixel electrode and the second common electrode and/or between a pair of the first common electrode and the second common electrode, between another pair of the pixel electrode and the second common electrode and/or a neighbor A different viewing angle control panel is applied with a different voltage between the pair of the first common electrode and the second common electrode. According to claim 1,
The projection angle provided on the surface of the second common electrode further includes a viewing angle control panel. The method of claim 11,
The projection is provided on the surface of the second common electrode facing the electroactive polymer pattern, and is disposed side by side in the electroactive polymer pattern, the viewing angle control panel. Upper and lower substrates facing each other;
A plurality of lower pixel electrodes and lower first common electrodes alternately disposed on the lower substrate;
A lower electroactive polymer pattern formed between the lower pixel electrode and the lower first common electrode and made of an electroactive polymer;
A plurality of upper pixel electrodes and upper first common electrodes alternately disposed on the upper substrate;
An upper electroactive polymer pattern disposed between the upper pixel electrode and the upper first common electrode and made of an electroactive polymer;
A second common electrode disposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate;
A lower electrolyte layer interposed between the second common electrode and the lower substrate; And
And an upper electrolyte layer interposed between the upper substrate and the second common electrode. The method of claim 13,
The plurality of upper and lower pixel electrodes and the upper and lower first common electrodes are disposed side by side on the upper and lower substrates in one direction, respectively.
The second common electrode, the plurality of upper and lower pixel electrodes and the upper and lower first common electrodes are arranged side by side in the one direction, respectively, the viewing angle control panel. The method of claim 13,
The upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns contract or expand according to an electric field generated between the upper and lower pixel electrodes and the upper and lower first common electrodes, respectively. The method of claim 15,
When an electric field is formed between the upper and lower pixel electrodes and the upper and lower first common electrodes, the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns respectively expand in a horizontal direction to implement a privacy mode, and a viewing angle control panel. The method of claim 15,
When an electric field is formed between the upper and lower pixel electrodes and the second common electrode and/or the upper and lower first common electrodes and the second common electrode, the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns are respectively in the vertical direction. Expanded by, to implement a privacy mode, viewing angle control panel. The method of claim 13,
Between the pair of the upper and lower pixel electrodes and the upper and lower first common electrodes, a different viewing angle is applied between different pairs of the adjacent upper and lower pixel electrodes and the upper and lower first common electrodes, respectively. Control panel. The method of claim 13,
Between the pair of the upper and lower pixel electrodes and the second common electrode and/or between the pair of the upper and lower first common electrodes and the second common electrode, the other pair of the upper and lower pixel electrodes that are adjacent to each other. And a second common electrode and/or a different voltage applied between the other pair of the upper and lower first common electrodes and the second common electrode. The method of claim 13,
A viewing angle control panel further includes upper and lower protrusions provided on the surfaces of the second common electrodes, respectively. The method of claim 20,
The upper and lower projections are provided on the surfaces of the second common electrode facing the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns, respectively, and the viewing angle control panels are arranged in parallel to the upper and lower electroactive polymer patterns. The method of claim 13,
A vertical electric field is formed between the upper pixel electrode and the second common electrode and/or the upper first common electrode and the second common electrode, and at the same time, a lateral electric field is formed between the lower pixel electrode and the lower first common electrode. Formed, viewing angle control panel. The method of claim 13,
An electric field is formed between some of the upper and lower pixel electrodes and the second common electrode and/or the upper and lower first common electrodes and the second common electrode, and the other of the upper and lower pixel electrodes and the second A viewing angle control panel in which no electric field is formed between the two common electrodes and/or the upper and lower first common electrodes and the second common electrodes, respectively. The method of claim 13,
An upper and lower electric field is formed between a portion of the upper pixel electrode and the second common electrode and/or the upper first common electrode and the second common electrode, and between the other portion of the upper pixel electrode and the upper first common electrode A viewing angle control panel in which a transverse electric field is formed. The method of claim 13,
An upper and lower electric field is formed between a portion of the lower pixel electrode and the second common electrode and/or the lower first common electrode and the second common electrode, and between another portion of the lower pixel electrode and the lower first common electrode A viewing angle control panel in which a transverse electric field is formed. A display panel for outputting an image; And
It includes a viewing angle control panel installed on the front or rear of the display panel to control the viewing angle,
The viewing angle control panel,
Upper and lower substrates facing each other;
A plurality of pixel electrodes and a first common electrode alternately disposed on the lower substrate;
An electroactive polymer pattern disposed between the pixel electrode and the first common electrode and made of an electroactive polymer;
A second common electrode disposed on the upper substrate; And
And an electrolyte layer interposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate.

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