KR20190113391A - 디플루오로실란계 첨가제를 포함하는 리튬이차전지 - Google Patents
디플루오로실란계 첨가제를 포함하는 리튬이차전지 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
상기 양극은 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 양극활물질을 포함하고,
상기 전해질은 리튬염; 비수계 용매; 및 하기 화학식 2로 표시되는 디플루오로실란(difluorosilane)계 화합물을 포함하고,
상기 디플루오로실란계 화합물은 전해질 총 중량을 기준으로 5 중량% 이하로 포함되는, 리튬이차전지:
<화학식 1>
LixNiyM1-yO2-zAz
<화학식 2>
상기 화학식 1 및 화학식 2에서, x, y, z, M, A 및 R1 내지 R3에 대한 정의는 발명의 상세한 설명을 참조한다.
Description
<도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명>
1: 리튬전지 2: 음극
3: 양극 4: 세퍼레이터
5: 전지케이스 6: 캡 어셈블리
용량 유지율(%) | 회복 유지율(%) | 가스 저감량 | |
실시예 1 | 83.3 | 81.6 | 8% 감소 |
실시예 2 | 81.8 | 81.5 | 16% 감소 |
실시예 3 | 82.3 | 81.9 | 18% 감소 |
실시예 4 | 82.1 | 81.3 | 13% 감소 |
실시예 5 | 94.0 | 91.6 | 11% 감소 |
실시예 6 | 94.6 | 94.6 | 16% 감소 |
실시예 7 | 83.1 | 83.5 | 12% 감소 |
실시예 8 | 81.7 | 81.0 | 18% 감소 |
비교예 1 | 82,9 | 82.4 | 12% 증가 |
비교예 2 | 77.8 | 77.5 | 21% 감소 |
비교예 3 | 78.5 | 78.4 | 6% 감소 |
비교예 4 | 91.4 | 89.6 | 19% 증가 |
Claims (20)
- 양극; 음극; 및 상기 양극과 음극 사이에 개재되는 전해질을 포함하고,
상기 양극은 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 양극활물질을 포함하고,
상기 전해질은 리튬염; 비수계 용매; 및 하기 화학식 2로 표시되는 디플루오로실란(difluorosilane)계 화합물을 포함하고,
상기 디플루오로실란계 화합물은 전해질 총 중량을 기준으로 5 중량% 이하로 포함되는, 리튬이차전지:
<화학식 1>
LixNiyM1-yO2-zAz
<화학식 2>
상기 화학식 1에서,
0.9≤x≤1.2, 0.7≤y≤0.98, 0≤z<0.2이고,
M은 Al, Mg, Mn, Co, Fe, Cr, V, Ti, Cu, B, Ca, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sr, Sb, W 및 Bi로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 하나 이상의 원소이고;
A는 산화수 -1 또는 -2인 원소이고;
상기 화학식 2에서,
R1 내지 R2는 각각 독립적으로, 치환 또는 비치환된 선형 또는 분지형의 C1-C30 알킬기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2-C20 비닐기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2-C20 알릴기 및 치환 또는 비치환된 C6-C60 아릴기 중에서 선택된다. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 디플루오로실란계 화합물은 전해질 총 중량을 기준으로 0.1 중량% 이상 5 중량% 이하로 포함되는, 리튬이차전지. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 디플루오로실란계 화합물은 디에틸디플루오로실란, 디프로필디플루오로실란, 에틸페닐디플루오로실란 및 디페닐디플루오로실란 중에서 선택된 하나 이상인, 리튬이차전지. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 리튬염은 리튬디플루오로(옥살레이토)보레이트(LiDFOB), LiBF4, LiPF6, LiCF3SO3, (CF3SO2)2NLi, (FSO2)2NLi 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는, 리튬이차전지. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 비수계 용매는 디메틸 카보네이트(DMC), 디에틸 카보네이트(DEC), 에틸메틸 카보네이트(EMC), 디프로필 카보네이트(DPC), 메틸프로필 카보네이트(MPC), 에틸프로필 카보네이트(EPC), 메틸에틸 카보네이트(MEC), 에틸렌 카보네이트(EC), 프로필렌 카보네이트(PC), 부틸렌 카보네이트(BC), 테트라에틸렌글리콜디메틸에테르(TEGDME) 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는, 리튬이차전지. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 비수계 용매는 불화에틸렌카보네이트(FEC)를 포함하는, 리튬이차전지. - 제6항에 있어서,
상기 FEC를 상기 비수계 용매 총 부피를 기준으로 0.1 부피% 내지 10 부피%로 포함하는, 리튬이차전지. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 전해질은 탄소-탄소 이중결합을 포함하는 환형의 카보네이트, 탄소-탄소 이중결합을 포함하는 환형의 카르복실산 무수물 또는 이들의 혼합물을 포함하는, 리튬이차전지. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 전해질은 VC, VEC, 말레산무수물(maleic anhydride) 석신산무수물(succinic anhydride) 또는 이들의 혼합물을 더 포함하는, 리튬이차전지. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 전해질은 VC를 더 포함하는, 리튬이차전지. - 제9항에 있어서,
상기 VC, 말레산무수물 또는 이들의 혼합물을 상기 전해질 총 중량을 기준으로 0.1 중량% 내지 2 중량%로 더 포함하는, 리튬이차전지. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 화학식 1에서 0.8≤y≤0.98인, 리튬이차전지. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 양극활물질은 하기 화학식 3 또는 화학식 4로 표시되는, 리튬이차전지:
<화학식 3>
Lix'Niy'Co1-y'-z'Alz'O2
<화학식 4>
Lix'Niy'Co1-y'-z'Mnz'O2
상기 화학식 3 및 화학식 4에서, 0.9≤x'≤1.2, 0.8≤y'≤0.98, 0<z'<0.1, 0<1-y'-z'<0.2이다. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 양극은 Li1.02Ni0.80Co0.15Mn0.05O2, Li1.02Ni0.85Co0.1Mn0.05O2, Li1.02Ni0.88Co0.08Mn0.04O2, Li1.02Ni0.80Co0.15Al0.05O2, Li1.02Ni0.85Co0.1Al0.05O2, Li1.02Ni0.88Co0.08Al0.04O2, LiNi0.80Co0.15Mn0.05O2, LiNi0.85Co0.1Mn0.05O2, LiNi0.88Co0.08Mn0.04O2, LiNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05O2, LiNi0.85Co0.1Al0.05O2 및 LiNi0.88Co0.08Al0.04O2 중 하나 이상을 포함하는, 리튬이차전지. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 음극은 리튬과 합금 가능한 금속을 포함하는 음극활물질, 탄소계 음극활물질 또는 이들의 혼합물을 포함하는, 리튬이차전지. - 제15항에 있어서,
상기 리튬과 합금 가능한 금속을 포함하는 음극활물질은 실리콘(Si), Si 입자를 포함하는 Si 탄소 복합 물질 및 SiOa' (0<a'<2) 중 하나 이상을 포함하는, 리튬이차전지. - 제16항에 있어서,
상기 Si 탄소 복합 물질 중 Si 입자의 평균 직경은 200 nm 이하인, 리튬이차전지. - 제15항에 있어서,
상기 탄소계 음극활물질은 그래파이트를 포함하는, 리튬이차전지. - 제1항에 있어서,
25℃에서 200 사이클 충방전 후 용량 유지율은 80% 이상인, 리튬이차전지. - 제1항에 있어서,
셀 에너지 밀도는 500Wh/L 이상인, 리튬이차전지.
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US16/136,417 US20190305372A1 (en) | 2018-03-28 | 2018-09-20 | Lithium secondary battery including an electrolyte additive |
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US20230155174A1 (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2023-05-18 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Lithium metal battery electrolytes including flame retardant additives |
WO2023130204A1 (zh) * | 2022-01-04 | 2023-07-13 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | 二次电池、电池模块、电池包和用电装置 |
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