KR20190077090A - Btk 억제제 제조 방법 - Google Patents
Btk 억제제 제조 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20190077090A KR20190077090A KR1020197016973A KR20197016973A KR20190077090A KR 20190077090 A KR20190077090 A KR 20190077090A KR 1020197016973 A KR1020197016973 A KR 1020197016973A KR 20197016973 A KR20197016973 A KR 20197016973A KR 20190077090 A KR20190077090 A KR 20190077090A
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- 229940124291 BTK inhibitor Drugs 0.000 title description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 137
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 159
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 156
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- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 110
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- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical compound [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
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- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 229960002510 mandelic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007102 metabolic function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl p-hydroxycinnamate Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHOFOFKBMGVFSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-di(propan-2-yloxy)borane Chemical compound CC(C)OB(C)OC(C)C BHOFOFKBMGVFSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004593 naphthyridinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CN=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004172 nitrogen cycle Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001715 oxadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004043 oxo group Chemical group O=* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Pd+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JKDRQYIYVJVOPF-FDGPNNRMSA-L palladium(ii) acetylacetonate Chemical compound [Pd+2].C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O JKDRQYIYVJVOPF-FDGPNNRMSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WLJNZVDCPSBLRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pamoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC=3C4=CC=CC=C4C=C(C=3O)C(=O)O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=CC2=C1 WLJNZVDCPSBLRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUSFEBGYPWJUSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaazanium;[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O GUSFEBGYPWJUSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003884 phenylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000286 phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004592 phthalazinyl group Chemical group C1(=NN=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium formate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C=O WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002953 preparative HPLC Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MFDFERRIHVXMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N procaine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 MFDFERRIHVXMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004919 procaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001042 pteridinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=NC=CN=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004309 pyranyl group Chemical group O1C(C=CC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940107700 pyruvic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001567 quinoxalinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=NC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006798 ring closing metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012419 sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminum hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium formate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C=O HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019254 sodium formate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012321 sodium triacetoxyborohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007962 solid dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNFWTIYUKDMAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sphos Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(OC)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 VNFWTIYUKDMAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000707 stereoselective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004808 supercritical fluid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004559 theobromine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004306 triazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940062627 tribasic potassium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZDHXKXAHOVTTAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH](Cl)Cl ZDHXKXAHOVTTAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005052 trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940086542 triethylamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RXJKFRMDXUJTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylphosphine Chemical compound CCP(CC)CC RXJKFRMDXUJTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004044 trifluoroacetyl group Chemical group FC(C(=O)*)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- 229910000404 tripotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019798 tripotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RMNIZOOYFMNEJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium;phosphate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RMNIZOOYFMNEJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229960004418 trolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009385 viral infection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/24—Phosphines, i.e. phosphorus bonded to only carbon atoms, or to both carbon and hydrogen atoms, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, phosphole or anionic phospholide ligands
- B01J31/2404—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring
- B01J31/2409—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring with more than one complexing phosphine-P atom
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/24—Phosphines, i.e. phosphorus bonded to only carbon atoms, or to both carbon and hydrogen atoms, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, phosphole or anionic phospholide ligands
- B01J31/2404—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring
- B01J31/2409—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring with more than one complexing phosphine-P atom
- B01J31/2414—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring with more than one complexing phosphine-P atom comprising aliphatic or saturated rings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/40—Substitution reactions at carbon centres, e.g. C-C or C-X, i.e. carbon-hetero atom, cross-coupling, C-H activation or ring-opening reactions
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Abstract
Description
도 2는, 화합물 170 및 182의 제조 방법, 및 화합물 190 및 200의 또다른 제조 방법을 도시하는 것이다.
도 3은, 화합물 70, 90, 40, 154, 153, 140, 141 및 180의 제조 방법을 도시하는 것이다.
도 4는, 화합물 70, 90, 40, 154, 및 153의 제조 방법, 및 화합물 140, 141 및 180의 또다른 제조 방법을 도시하는 것이다.
도 5는, 화합물 40, 154, 151, 70, 90, 161, 160 및 180의 제조 방법을 도시하는 것이다.
도 6은, 화합물 40, 154, 155, 156, 141 및 180의 제조 방법을 도시하는 것이다.
도 7은, 화합물 31, 157, 156, 141, 및 180의 제조 방법을 도시하는 것이다.
도 8은, 화합물 120, 130 및 160의 제조 방법을 도시하는 것이다.
도 9는, 화합물 120, 121, 130 및 160의 제조 방법을 도시하는 것이다.
도 10은, 화합물 122, 130 및 160의 제조 방법을 도시하는 것이다.
Claims (59)
- 하기 화합물 200, 또는 이의 입체 이성질체, 이의 기하 이성질체, 이의 호변 이성질체 또는 이의 염의 제조 방법으로서:
상기 방법이, 하기 반응식에 따라,
(i)(1) 화합물 170, 화합물 181, 팔라듐 촉매, 물-함유 용매 시스템 및 염기를 포함하는 제 1 반응 혼합물을 형성하고(이때 상기 반응 혼합물 중의 용매의 부피 대 화합물 170의 중량의 비는 20 미만:1 L/kg이고, 화합물 181 대 화합물 170의 당량 비는 1 초과:1이고, 상기 팔라듐 촉매 대 화합물 170의 당량 비는 약 0.005:1 내지 약 0.05:1임),
(2) 상기 제 1 반응 혼합물을 반응시켜, 화합물 190을 포함하는 제 1 반응 생성물 혼합물을 형성하고:
(3) 상기 제 1 반응 생성물 혼합물로부터 화합물 190을 단리하는 단계; 및
(ii)(1) 화합물 190, 환원제, 염기 및 용매를 포함하는 제 2 반응 혼합물을 형성하고, (2) 상기 제 2 반응 혼합물을 반응시켜, 화합물 190의 알데하이드 잔기를 환원시키고, 화합물 200을 포함하는 제 2 반응 생성물 혼합물을 수득하고, (3) 상기 제 2 반응 생성물 혼합물로부터 화합물 200을 단리하는 단계
를 포함하고, 이때 화합물 190의 수율이 화합물 170을 기준으로 50% 이상이고, 화합물 200의 수율이 화합물 190을 기준으로 50% 이상인, 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 반응 혼합물 중의 상기 용매 시스템 대 화합물 170의 부피 대 중량 비가 약 5:1 내지 약 20:1 L/kg 또는 약 10:1 L/kg이고, 화합물 181 대 화합물 170의 당량 비가 1 초과:1이고, 상기 팔라듐 촉매 대 화합물 170의 당량 비가 약 0.005:1 내지 약 0.02:1 또는 약 0.01:1인, 방법. - 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서,
(i) 상기 촉매가 Pd(dppf)Cl2·DCM이고;
(ii)(1) 상기 제 1 반응 혼합물 중의 상기 염기가 K3PO4이고, (2) 상기 제 1 반응 혼합물 중의 상기 용매 시스템이 물 및 테트라하이드로퓨란을 포함하고, 물 대 테트라하이드로퓨란의 부피 비가 약 0.1:1 내지 약 0.4:1이고;
(iii)(1) 상기 제 2 반응 혼합물 중의 상기 염기가 수산화 나트륨이고, 수산화 나트륨 대 화합물 190의 당량 비가 약 0.3:1 내지 약 0.7:1이고, (2) 상기 제 2 반응 혼합물 중의 상기 용매가 테트라하이드로퓨란, 메틸 3급-부틸 에터, 및 2-메틸테트라하이드로퓨란으로부터 선택되고, 이때 용매의 부피 대 화합물 190의 중량의 비가 약 4:1 내지 약 8:1 L/kg이고, (3) 상기 환원제가 나트륨 보로하이드라이드이고, 이때 나트륨 보로하이드라이드 대 화합물 190의 당량 비가 약 0.2:1 내지 약 0.8:1이고, (4) 상기 보로네이트가 구조식 의 4,4,5,5-테트라메틸-1,3,2-다이옥사보롤란인, 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
화합물 190의 수율이 60% 이상, 70% 이상, 80% 이상 또는 90% 이상이고, 화합물 190의 순도가 99 면적%(area%) 이상 또는 99.5 면적% 이상이고;
화합물 200의 수율이 60% 이상, 70% 이상, 80% 이상, 또는 85% 이상이고, 화합물 200의 순도가 99 면적% 이상 또는 99.5 면적% 이상인, 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 4 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
화합물 170이,
(i) 화합물 160, 화학량론적 과량의 화합물 100, 팔라듐 촉매 및 촉매 리간드, 염기 및 극성 비양성자성 용매를 포함하는 반응 혼합물을 형성하는 단계, 및
(ii) 상기 반응 혼합물을 하기 반응식에 따라 반응시켜, 화합물 170을 포함하는 반응 생성물 혼합물을 형성하는 단계:
, 및
(iii) 상기 반응 생성물 혼합물로부터 화합물 170을 단리하는 단계
에 의해 제조되고, 이때 화합물 170의 수율이 화합물 160을 기준으로 80% 이상, 85% 이상 또는 90% 이상이고, 화합물 170의 순도가 95% 이상, 98% 이상 또는 99% 이상인, 방법. - 제 5 항에 있어서,
상기 반응 혼합물 중의 용매의 부피 대 화합물 160의 중량의 비가 약 5:1 내지 약 20:1 L/kg, 약 5:1 내지 약 15:1 L/kg, 또는 약 10:1 L/kg이고,
상기 촉매 대 화합물 160의 당량 비가 약 0.01:1 내지 약 0.03:1인, 방법. - 제 6 항에 있어서,
상기 촉매가 Pd(OAc)2이고, 상기 리간드가 DPPF이고, 상기 염기가 탄산 칼륨이고, 상기 용매가 테트라하이드로퓨란인, 방법. - 제 5 항 내지 제 7 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
화합물 100이 하기 반응식에 따라 제조되고:
,
상기 방법이,
(i) 화합물 95, n-부틸 리튬, 다이이소프로필아민, 및 극성 비양성자성 용매를 포함하는 제 1 반응 혼합물을 형성하고, 상기 제 1 반응 혼합물을 반응시켜, 화합물 96을 포함하는 제 1 반응 생성물 혼합물을 형성하는 단계;
(ii) 상기 제 1 반응 생성물 혼합물을 다이메틸폼아마이드와 혼합하여 제 2 반응 혼합물을 수득하고, 상기 제 2 반응 혼합물을 반응시켜, 화합물 100을 포함하는 제 2 반응 생성물 혼합물을 형성하는 단계; 및
(iii) 상기 제 2 반응 생성물 혼합물로부터 화합물 100을 단리하는 단계
를 포함하고,
이때 화합물 100의 수율이 70% 이상, 80% 이상 또는 85% 이상이고, 화합물 100의 순도가 90 면적% 이상, 95 면적% 이상, 또는 99.5 면적% 이상인, 방법. - 제 8 항에 있어서,
상기 극성 비양성자성 용매가 THF이고;
n-부틸 리튬 대 화합물 95의 몰 비가 1:1 내지 2:1, 또는 약 1.2:1 내지 약 1.6:1이고;
상기 제 1 반응 혼합물 및 상기 제 2 반응 혼합물이 -35℃ 초과의 온도에서 형성되고;
상기 제 1 반응 혼합물 중의 용매의 부피 대 화합물 95의 중량의 비가 약 3:1 내지 약 10:1, 약 4:1 내지 약 6:1, 또는 약 5:1이고;
DMF 대 화합물 95의 몰 비가 약 1.1:1 내지 약 2:1, 또는 약 1.3:1 내지 약 1.5:1이고;
다이이소프로필아민 대 화합물 95의 몰 비가 약 1.2:1 내지 약 2:1, 또는 약 1.4:1 내지 약 1.8:1인, 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 9 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
화합물 181이,
(i) 화합물 180, 팔라듐 촉매, 촉매 리간드, 보릴화 시약, 칼륨 아세테이트, 및 극성 비양성자성 용매를 포함하는 반응 혼합물을 형성하는 단계;
(ii) 상기 반응 혼합물을 하기 반응식에 따라 반응시켜, 반응 생성물 혼합물을 형성하는 단계:
; 및
(iii) 상기 반응 생성물 혼합물로부터 화합물 181을 단리하는 단계
에 의해 제조되고, 이때 화합물 181의 수율이 85% 이상 또는 90% 이상이고, 화합물 181의 순도가 95% 이상, 98% 이상, 또는 99% 이상인, 방법. - 제 10 항에 있어서,
상기 반응 혼합물이, 약 5:1 내지 약 20:1 L/kg, 약 5:1 내지 약 15:1 L/kg, 또는 약 10:1 L/kg의 용매의 부피 대 화합물 180의 중량의 비; 1 내지 2의 화합물 180에 대한 보릴화 시약의 당량 비; 0.001:1 내지 약 0.005:1의 팔라듐 촉매 대 화합물 180의 당량 비; 약 1.5:1 내지 약 3:1의 촉매 리간드 대 촉매의 당량 비; 및 1 초과:1의 칼륨 아세테이트 대 화합물 180의 당량 비를 포함하는, 방법. - 제 12 항에 있어서,
상기 촉매 리간드가 XPhos인, 방법. - 제 10 항 내지 제 13 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
화합물 180이,
(i) 화합물 141, 화합물 90, 팔라듐 촉매 및 아릴 포스페이트 촉매 리간드, 염기 및 비양성자성 용매를 포함하는 반응 혼합물을 형성하는 단계;
(ii) 상기 반응 혼합물을 하기 반응식에 따라 반응시켜, 반응 생성물 혼합물을 형성하는 단계:
; 및
(iii) 상기 반응 생성물 혼합물로부터 화합물 180을 단리하는 단계
에 의해 제조되고, 이때 화합물 180의 수율이 60% 이상, 70% 이상, 또는 80% 이상이고, 화합물 180의 순도가 95% 이상, 98% 이상, 또는 99% 이상인, 방법. - 제 14 항에 있어서,
상기 팔라듐 촉매가 Pd2(dba)3이고;
상기 촉매 리간드가 Xantphos(4,5-비스(다이페닐포스피노)-9,9-다이메틸잔텐)이고;
상기 염기가 탄산 칼륨 또는 제 3 인산 칼륨이고, 이때 상기 염기 대 화합물 141의 당량 비가 약 1.5:1 내지 약 3:1이고;
상기 반응 혼합물이 대략 동몰량의 화합물 141 및 화합물 90을 포함하고;
상기 팔라듐 촉매 대 화합물 141의 당량 비가 약 0.01:1 내지 약 0.03:1이고;
상기 촉매 리간드 대 상기 촉매의 당량 비가 약 1.5:1 내지 약 3:1이고;
상기 용매가 메틸 테트라하이드로퓨란, 테트라하이드로퓨란, 다이옥산, 톨루엔, 및 이들의 조합물로부터 선택되는, 방법. - 제 14 항 또는 제 15 항에 있어서,
화합물 141이 상기 용매 중의 화합물 141의 용액이고,
상기 용액이 약 5 내지 약 15 중량%의 화합물 141 및 0.15 중량% 미만의 메탄올을 포함하는, 방법. - 제 17 항에 있어서,
상기 반응 혼합물 중의 용매의 부피 대 화합물 140의 중량의 비가 약 3:1 내지 약 20:1 L/kg, 약 3:1 내지 약 10:1 L/kg, 또는 약 4:1 내지 약 6:1 L/kg이고,
화합물 140에 대한 상기 촉매의 중량 비가 약 10 w/w% 내지 약 25 w/w%인, 방법. - 제 19 항에 있어서,
화합물 20 대 화합물 153의 당량 비가 약 1.3:1 내지 약 1.9:1이고;
아세트산 대 화합물 153의 당량 비가 약 1.1:1 내지 약 3:1이고;
NaBH(OAc)3 대 화합물 153의 당량 비가 1.5 초과:1인, 방법. - 제 19 항 또는 제 20 항에 있어서,
상기 용매가 테트라하이드로퓨란, 메틸 테트라하이드로퓨란, 다이클로로메탄, 및 이들의 조합물로부터 선택되고,
화합물 153이, 테트라하이드로퓨란, 메틸 테트라하이드로퓨란, 다이클로로메탄 또는 이들의 조합물 중 용액으로 존재하고, 이 용액이 약 2 내지 약 10 중량%의 화합물 153을 포함하는, 방법. - 제 19 항 내지 제 21 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 건조제가 마그네슘 설페이트이고,
마그네슘 설페이트 대 화합물 153의 당량 비가 약 0.3:1 내지 약 0.6:1인, 방법. - 제 5 항 내지 제 23 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
화합물 160이 제 37 항의 방법에 의해 제조되는, 방법. - 제 5 항 내지 제 23 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
화합물 160이 제 43 항의 방법에 의해 제조되는, 방법. - 제 5 항 내지 제 23 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
화합물 160이 제 46 항의 방법에 의해 제조되는, 방법. - 하기 화학식 400의 삼환형 락탐, 또는 이의 입체 이성질체, 이의 기하 이성질체, 이의 호변 이성질체 또는 이의 염의 제조 방법으로서:
,
상기 방법이,
유기 용매, 유기 염기, 및 하기 화학식 300의 화합물 및 하기 화학식 310의 화합물을 포함하는 반응 혼합물을 형성하는 단계, 및
상기 반응 혼합물을 반응시켜, 하기 화학식 400의 삼환형 락탐을 포함하는 반응 생성물 혼합물을 형성하는 단계
를 포함하는, 방법:
상기 식에서,
R1a, R1b, R2a, R2b, R3a, R3b, R4a 및 R4b는 독립적으로 H, 및 C1-6 알킬로부터 선택되고;
R5는 H, C1-6 알킬, 사이클로알킬, 아릴, 치환된 아릴, 벤질, 치환된 벤질, 헤테로아릴, 및 치환된 헤테로아릴로부터 선택되고;
p는 1, 2, 3 또는 4이고;
q는 1, 2, 3 또는 4이다. - 제 27 항에 있어서,
p가 1 또는 2이고, q가 1 또는 2인, 방법. - 제 27 항 또는 제 28 항에 있어서,
상기 유기 염기가 트라이-C1-6 알킬 아민인, 방법. - 제 29 항에 있어서,
상기 유기 염기가 4-메틸모폴린 및 N-에틸다이이소프로필아민으로부터 선택되는, 방법. - 제 27 항 내지 제 30 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 용매가 극성 비양성자성 용매인, 방법. - 제 31 항에 있어서,
상기 용매가 N-메틸피롤리돈 및 다이메틸폼아마이드로부터 선택되는, 방법. - 제 27 항 내지 제 32 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
할로겐이 Cl인, 방법. - 제 27 항 내지 제 33 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
p가 1이고, q가 2인, 방법. - 제 27 항 내지 제 34 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
R1a, R1b, R3a, R3b, R4a, R4b 및 R5가 H이고, R2a 및 R2b가 -CH3인, 방법. - 제 27 항 내지 제 35 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 반응 혼합물이, 약 0.25 내지 약 2 mol/L, 약 0.5 내지 약 1.5 mol/L 또는 약 0.5 내지 약 1 mol/L의 화학식 300; 1 내지 2 당량, 또는 약 1.1 내지 약 1.5 당량의 염기; 및 0.7 내지 1 당량, 약 0.75 내지 약 0.95 당량, 또는 약 0.8 내지 약 0.9 당량의 화학식 310을 포함하는, 방법. - 제 38 항에 있어서,
상기 극성 비양성자성 용매가 다이메틸폼아마이드이고,
상기 비극성 용매가 다이클로로메탄이고,
인 옥시클로라이드 대 화학식 320의 몰 비가 약 1.5:1 내지 약 2.7:1 또는 약 1.8:1 내지 약 2.4:1이고,
상기 극성 비양성자성 용매 대 화학식 320의 화합물의 몰 비가 약 1.5:1 내지 약 3.5:1 또는 약 2:1 내지 약 3:1인, 방법. - 제 38 항 또는 제 39 항에 있어서,
화합물 320이, 하위 화학종(subgenus)인 화합물 321이고, 이때
R1a 및 R1b는, 각각 독립적으로, H 및 C1-6 알킬로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되고;
R2a는 -CH3이고;
R2b는 H 및 C1-6 알킬로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되고;
R3a 및 R3b는 각각 H이고;
p는 1이고;
화합물 321은,
극성 비양성자성 용매, 메틸 마그네슘 클로라이드, 구리(I) 클로라이드 및 화합물 330을 포함하는 반응 혼합물을 형성하는 단계, 및
상기 반응 혼합물을 하기 반응식에 따라 반응시켜, 화합물 321을 포함하는 반응 생성물 혼합물을 형성하는 단계
에 의해 제조되는, 방법:
. - 제 41 항에 있어서,
상기 용매가 테트라하이드로퓨란이고,
상기 반응 혼합물 중의 메틸 마그네슘 클로라이드 대 화합물 110의 몰 비가 1:1 내지 2:1, 또는 약 1.1:1 내지 약 1.4:1이고,
상기 반응 혼합물 중의 구리(I) 클로라이드 대 화합물 110의 몰 비가 약 0.1:1 내지 약 0.5:1, 또는 약 0.15:1 내지 약 0.25:1인, 방법. - 제 38 항 내지 제 42 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 방법이 화합물 320을 정제하는 단계를 추가로 포함하고,
상기 정제가,
(i) 조질 화합물 320, 물과 비-혼화성인 유기 용매, 및 나트륨 바이설파이트 수용액을 포함하는 제 1 반응 혼합물을 수득하고, 상기 제 1 반응 혼합물을 반응시켜, 화합물 340의 고체 케톤 바이설파이트 부가물을 포함하는 제 1 반응 생성물 혼합물을 형성하고:
,
(ii) 상기 제 1 반응 생성물 혼합물로부터 고체 화합물 340을 단리하고,
(iii) 화합물 340, 물, 물과 비-혼화성인 저 비점 용매, 및 중탄산 나트륨을 포함하는 제 2 반응 혼합물을 수득하고, 상기 제 2 반응 혼합물을 반응시켜, 제 1 상 중에 용해된 상태로 존재하는 주된 양의 정제된 화합물 320 및 다이클로로메탄을 포함하는 제 1 상, 및 물을 포함하는 제 2 상을 포함하는 제 2 반응 생성물 혼합물을 형성하고,
(iv) 상기 정제된 화합물 320을 포함하는 상기 제 1 상을 수성 상으로부터 분리함
을 포함하는, 방법. - 제 43 항에 있어서,
(i) 조질 화합물 320이, 물과 비-혼화성인 유기 용매 중에 용해된 상태로 존재하고,
상기 제 1 반응 혼합물 중의 물의 부피 대 조질 화합물 320의 중량의 비가 약 1:1 L/kg 내지 약 10:1 L/kg, 약 1.5:1 L/kg 내지 약 4:1 L/kg, 또는 약 2:1 L/kg 내지 약 3:1 L/kg이고,
상기 제 1 반응 혼합물 중의 나트륨 바이설파이트 대 화합물 320의 당량 비가 약 2:1 내지 약 5:1 또는 3:1 내지 약 5:1이고;
(ii) 상기 제 2 반응 혼합물이, 약 5:1 L/kg 내지 약 15:1 L/kg, 또는 약 7.5:1 L/kg 내지 약 10.5:1 L/kg의 물의 부피 대 단리된 고체 340의 중량의 비를 포함하고,
상기 제 2 반응 혼합물 중의 물의 부피 대 물과 비-혼화성인 상기 저 비점 용매의 부피의 비가 약 1:1 내지 약 3:1 또는 약 1.5:1 내지 약 2.5:1이고,
상기 제 2 반응 혼합물 중의 중탄산 나트륨 대 화합물 340의 당량 비가 1:1 내지 2:1, 또는 약 1.25:1 내지 약 1.75:1이고,
(iii) 정제된 화합물 320의 수율이 화합물 330을 기준으로 60% 이상이고, 정제된 화합물 330의 순도가 98% 이상 또는 99% 이상인, 방법. - 제 43 항 또는 제 44 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 반응 혼합물 중의 상기 물과 비-혼화성인 유기 용매가 헥산이고,
상기 제 2 반응 혼합물 중의 상기 물과 비-혼화성인 저 비점 용매가 다이클로로메탄인, 방법. - 제 27 항 내지 제 37 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
R1a 및 R1b가, 각각 독립적으로, H 및 C1-6 알킬로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되고;
R2a가 -CH3이고;
R2b가 H 및 C1-6 알킬로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되고;
R3a 및 R3b가 각각 H이고;
p가 1이고;
화합물 300이,
(i) 제 1 극성 비양성자성 용매, 메틸 마그네슘 클로라이드, 구리(I) 클로라이드, 리튬 클로라이드, 클로로트라이메틸실란, 및 하기 화합물 330을 포함하는 제 1 반응 혼합물을 형성하고:
,
화합물 330을 반응시켜, 하기 화합물 335를 포함하는 제 1 반응 생성물 혼합물을 형성하는 단계:
(상기 식에서, R2a는 -CH3임);
(ii) 상기 제 1 반응 생성물 혼합물을 제 1 켄칭제(quenching agent)로서의 메탄올로 켄칭하는 단계;
(iii) 수성 용액 중의 제 2 켄칭제로 추가로 켄칭하고, 켄칭된 반응 생성물 혼합물에 비극성 수-혼화성 용매를 가하는 단계;
(iv) 상들을 분리하고, 주된 양의 화합물 335를 포함하는 유기 상을 수집하고, 상기 유기 상을 농축하여, 용액 상태의 화합물 335를 수득하는 단계;
(v) 제 2 극성 비양성자성 용매, 인 옥시클로라이드, 및 화합물 335의 용액을 포함하는 제 2 반응 혼합물을 형성하고, 상기 제 2 반응 혼합물을 반응시켜, 하기 구조의 화합물 301을 포함하는 제 2 반응 생성물 혼합물을 수득하는 단계:
;
(vi) 상기 제 2 반응 생성물 혼합물을 수성 용액 중의 제 3 켄칭제로 켄칭하는 단계; 및
(vii) 상들을 분리하고, 용액 중의 주된 양의 화합물 301을 포함하는 유기 상을 수집하는 단계
에 의해 제조되는, 방법. - 제 46 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 극성 비양성자성 용매가 테트라하이드로퓨란이고,
상기 제 2 켄칭제가 암모늄 클로라이드이고,
상기 비극성 수-혼화성 용매가 톨루엔이고,
상기 제 2 극성 비양성자성 용매가 다이메틸폼아마이드이고,
상기 제 3 켄칭제가 인산 칼륨인, 방법. - 제 46 항 또는 제 47 항에 있어서,
(i) 상기 제 1 반응 혼합물이, 약 0.25 내지 약 2 mol/L 또는 약 0.5 내지 약 1.1 mol/L의 화합물 330; 화합물 330 대비 화학량론적 과량의 메틸마그네슘 클로라이드인, 1:1 내지 1.5:1, 또는 약 1.1:1 내지 약 1.3:1의 메틸마그네슘 클로라이드 대 화합물 330의 몰 비; 화합물 330 대비 화학량론적 과량의 클로로트라이메틸실란인, 1:1 내지 1.2:1, 또는 약 1.01:1 내지 약 1.1:1의 클로로트라이메틸실란 대 화합물 330의 몰 비; 약 0.05:1 내지 약 0.2:1, 또는 약 0.05:1 내지 약 0.15:1의 구리(I) 클로라이드 대 화합물 330의 몰 비; 및 약 0.05:1 내지 약 0.2:1, 또는 약 0.07:1 내지 약 0.15:1의 리튬 클로라이드 대 화합물 330의 몰 비를 포함하고,
(ii) 상기 제 2 반응 혼합물이, 약 0.5 내지 약 2 mol/L 또는 약 0.7 내지 약 1.3 mol/L의 화합물 335; 및 약 1.5:1 내지 약 3.1:1, 또는 약 2.1:1 내지 약 2.6:1의 인 옥시클로라이드 대 화합물 335의 몰 비를 포함하고,
(iii) 화합물 301의 수율이 화합물 330을 기준으로 70% 이상 또는 75% 이상이고, 화합물 301의 순도가 85% 이상 또는 88% 이상인, 방법. - 제 46 항 내지 제 48 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
R1a 및 R1b가 각각 H이고, R2b가 -CH3인, 방법. - 하기 화합물 200, 또는 이의 입체 이성질체, 이의 기하 이성질체, 이의 호변 이성질체 또는 이의 염의 제조 방법으로서:
,
상기 방법이, 하기 반응식에 따라,
(i)(1) 화합물 170, 환원제, 염기 및 용매를 포함하는 제 1 반응 혼합물을 형성하여, 화합물 170의 알데하이드 잔기를 환원시킴으로써, 화합물 171을 형성하고,
(2) 화합물 171을 제 1 생성물 혼합물로부터 단리하는 단계,
(ii)(1) 화합물 171, 화합물 182, 팔라듐 촉매, 물-함유 용매 시스템, 및 염기를 포함하는 제 2 반응 혼합물을 형성하여, 화합물 200을 형성하고,
(2) 제 2 생성물 혼합물로부터 화합물 200을 단리하는 단계:
를 포함하는, 방법. - 제 50 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (i)에서 환원제가 NaBH4인, 방법. - 제 50 항 또는 제 51 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (i)에서 염기가 K2HPO4인, 방법. - 제 50 항 내지 제 52 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (i)에서 용매가 THF인, 방법. - 제 50 항 내지 제 53 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (ii)에서 Pd 촉매가 Pd(PCy3)2인, 방법. - 제 50 항 내지 제 54 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (ii)에서 염기가 K3PO4, Et3N 또는 다이이소프로필에틸아민인, 방법. - 제 50 항 내지 제 55 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 Pd 촉매 대 화합물 171의 당량 비가 0.05 미만:1인, 방법. - 제 50 항 내지 제 56 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
화합물 182 대 화합물 171의 비가 1 초과:1인, 방법. - 제 58 항에 있어서,
X가 Cl인, 화합물.
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