KR20180122022A - Scr 촉매에 대한 탈황 방법 - Google Patents
Scr 촉매에 대한 탈황 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20180122022A KR20180122022A KR1020187030729A KR20187030729A KR20180122022A KR 20180122022 A KR20180122022 A KR 20180122022A KR 1020187030729 A KR1020187030729 A KR 1020187030729A KR 20187030729 A KR20187030729 A KR 20187030729A KR 20180122022 A KR20180122022 A KR 20180122022A
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- scr catalyst
- catalyst
- treatment
- nox
- desulfurization
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- B01J38/00—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general
- B01J38/04—Gas or vapour treating; Treating by using liquids vaporisable upon contacting spent catalyst
- B01J38/08—Gas or vapour treating; Treating by using liquids vaporisable upon contacting spent catalyst using ammonia or derivatives thereof
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
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- B01D53/9477—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on separate bricks, e.g. exhaust systems
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Abstract
Description
도 1은, 본 발명에 따른, 접촉 제품(즉, 선택적 접촉 환원 촉매(SCR)) 워시코트(washcoat) 조성물을 포함할 수 있는 허니콤형(honeycomb-type) 기재 캐리어의 사시도이다.
도 2는, 도 1에 대해 확대된 부분 단면도로서, 도 1의 기재 캐리어의 단부 면(end face)에 평행한 평면을 따라 취한 단면도이고, 이는 기재가 모놀리트형 유동-관통(monolithic flow-through) 기재인 실시양태에서 도 1에 도시된 복수의 가스 유동 통로의 확대도를 도시한다.
도 3은, 도 2에 대해 확대된 단면도로서, 도 1에서 기재의 단부면에 수직한 평면을 따라 취한 단면도이고, 여기서 도 1의 허니콤형 기재 캐리어는 벽(wall) 유동 필터 기재 모노리트를 나타낸다.
도 4는, 다수의 접촉 유닛 및 센서가 배기 시스템에 배열된, 본 발명의 배출물 처리 시스템의 실시양태의 개략도를 도시한다.
도 5는, SCR 촉매 조성물의 NOx 전환 활성을 재생하기 위해 탈황을 제어하는 예시적 제어기 장치를 도시하는 유동도이다.
Claims (27)
- 황을 상부에 갖는 SCR 촉매를 탈황(desulfating)시키는 방법으로서,
상기 방법은, SCR 촉매의 표면으로부터 황을 탈착시켜 상기 SCR 촉매의 NOx 전환 활성을 증가시키도록 SCR 촉매를 처리하는 단계를 포함하며,
상기 처리 단계는, 상기 SCR 촉매를 환원제를 포함하는 기상 스트림으로 제 1 처리 시간 동안 약 350℃ 이하인 제 1 처리 온도에서 처리하고, 이어서 제 2 처리 시간 동안 제 1 처리 온도보다 높은 제 2 처리 온도에서 처리하는 것을 포함하고, 이때 상기 처리 단계 동안 환원제 대 NOx의 몰비는 약 1.05:1 이상인, 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 처리 온도가 약 300℃ 이하인, 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 처리 온도가 약 250℃ 이하인, 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 처리 온도가 약 400℃ 내지 약 600℃ 범위인, 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 처리 온도가 약 400℃ 내지 약 450℃ 범위인, 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 처리 온도 및 상기 제 2 처리 온도가 모두 약 200℃ 내지 약 600℃ 범위인, 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 처리 온도 및 상기 제 2 처리 온도 모두가 약 250℃ 내지 약 425℃ 범위인, 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 처리 시간이 상기 제 1 및 제 2 처리 시간의 합계의 약 10 % 내지 약 50 %인, 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 처리 시간이 상기 제 1 및 제 2 처리 시간의 합계의 약 10 % 내지 약 20 %인, 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 처리 시간이 약 15 내지 약 45 초이고, 제 2 처리 시간이 약 1 내지 약 3 분인, 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 처리 단계 동안 환원제 대 NOx의 몰비가 약 2:1 이상인, 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
엔진으로부터의 배기 가스에 기상 환원제를 분사(injecting)하는 단계;
상기 SCR 촉매를 상기 배기 가스에 노출시키는 단계로서, 상기 배기 가스는 하나 이상의 황-함유 기상 종을 포함하는, 단계; 및
주기적 간격으로, 상기 처리 단계에 의해 SCR 촉매를 탈황시키는 단계
를 추가로 포함하는 방법. - 제 12 항에 있어서,
상기 탈황 처리를 위한 주기적 간격이
(a) 탈황을 위한 주행거리 간격(mileage interval)을 미리 선택하는 단계;
(b) 상기 SCR 촉매로부터 하류의 NOx 수준을 측정하고, 상기 NOx 수준을 사전결정된 임계 값과 비교하여, 이를 초과하는 경우, 탈황 단계를 개시하는(trigger) 단계; 및
(c) 상기 SCR 촉매로부터 하류의 SOx 수준을 측정하고, 상기 SOx 수준을 사전결정된 임계 값과 비교하여, 이를 초과하는 경우, 탈황 단계를 개시하는 단계
중 하나 이상에 의해 결정되는, 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 13 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 SCR 촉매가, AEI, AFT, AFX, CHA, EAB, ERI, KFI, LEV, LTN, MSO, SAS, SAT, SAV, SFW, 및 TSC로부터 선택된 이중(double) 6 환 구조 유형을 갖는 소공(small pore) 8-환 분자체를 포함하는, 방법. - 제 14 항에 있어서,
상기 SCR 촉매가 CHA 결정 구조를 갖는 알루미노실리케이트 제올라이트를 포함하는, 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 13 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 SCR 촉매가, 금속 산화물로서 계산 시 분자체의 총 중량을 기준으로 약 0.01 중량% 내지 약 15.0 중량%의 양으로 촉진제(promoter) 금속을 함유하는 분자체를 포함하는, 방법. - 제 16 항에 있어서,
상기 촉진제 금속이 철 또는 구리인, 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 13 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 환원제가 암모니아 또는 암모니아 전구체를 포함하는, 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 13 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 SCR 촉매의 표면으로부터 탈착된 황이 기상 SO2로서 방출되는, 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 13 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 처리 단계 이후에 상기 SCR 촉매의 탈 NOx 효율이, 300 ppm의 NO, 300 ppm의 NH3, 10 부피%의 O2, 5 부피% H2O, 잔부의 N2의 공급 가스 혼합물에 220℃의 입구 온도에서 60,000/h의 공간 속도로 노출 시에 70 % 이상인, 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 13 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 처리 단계가 상기 SCR 촉매 상에 흡착된 황의 50 중량% 이상을 제거하는, 방법. - 배기 가스 스트림의 처리를 위한 배출물 처리 시스템으로서,
상기 배출물 처리 시스템이
a. 배기 가스 스트림을 생성하는 엔진;
b. 상기 배기 가스 스트림과 유체 연통 상태로 상기 엔진으로부터 하류에 위치되고, 상기 배기 가스 스트림 내의 NOx를 환원시켜 처리된 배기 가스 스트림을 형성하도록 적합화된 SCR 촉매;
c. 상기 배기 가스 스트림이 SCR 촉매에 노출될 때 NOx의 N2 및 물로의 환원을 촉진하기 위해 상기 배기 가스 스트림에 환원제를 첨가하도록 적합화된, 상기 SCR 촉매의 상류의 분사기; 및
d. 상기 엔진 및 상기 분사기에 작동 가능하게 연결되고 주기적 간격으로 상기 SCR 촉매에 탈황 처리 공정을 적용하도록 구성된 제어기
를 포함하며,
상기 탈황 처리 공정이, 상기 SCR 촉매를 제 1 처리 시간 동안 약 350℃ 이하인 제 1 처리 온도에서 환원제를 포함하는 기상 스트림으로 처리하고, 이어서 제 2 처리 시간 동안 상기 제 1 처리 온도보다 높은 제 2 처리 온도로 처리하는 단계를 포함하고,
상기 처리 단계 동안 환원제 대 NOx의 몰비는 약 1.05:1 이상인, 배출물 처리 시스템. - 제 22 항에 있어서,
상기 SCR 촉매가, 금속 산화물로서 계산 시 분자체의 총 중량을 기준으로 약 0.01 중량% 내지 약 15.0 중량%의 양으로 촉진제 금속을 함유하는 분자체를 포함하는, 배출물 처리 시스템. - 제 22 항에 있어서,
(1) 상기 SCR 촉매의 하류에 위치되어 배기 가스 스트림 내의 NOx 가스를 측정하도록 적합화된, 상기 제어기와 통신하는 NOx 센서; 및
(2) 상기 SCR 촉매의 하류에 위치되어 배기 가스 스트림 내의 SOx 가스를 측정하도록 적합화된, 상기 제어기와 통신하는 SOx 센서
중 하나 또는 둘다를 추가로 포함하는 배출물 처리 시스템. - 제 22 항에 있어서,
상기 엔진이 디젤 엔진인, 배출물 처리 시스템. - 제 25 항에 있어서,
상기 SCR 촉매의 상류에 디젤 산화 촉매 또는 촉매화된 매연 필터(catalyzed soot filter)를 추가로 포함하는 배출물 처리 시스템. - 제 22 항 내지 제 26 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 환원제가 암모니아 또는 암모니아 전구체를 포함하는, 배출물 처리 시스템.
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CN109311007A (zh) | 2019-02-05 |
EP3436191A2 (en) | 2019-02-06 |
US20190083967A1 (en) | 2019-03-21 |
CA3019364A1 (en) | 2017-10-05 |
WO2017168327A2 (en) | 2017-10-05 |
JP2019516542A (ja) | 2019-06-20 |
JP6957502B2 (ja) | 2021-11-02 |
BR112018070061A2 (pt) | 2019-02-12 |
US11097264B2 (en) | 2021-08-24 |
CN107233932A (zh) | 2017-10-10 |
EP3436191A4 (en) | 2019-12-04 |
MX2018011930A (es) | 2019-01-10 |
BR112018070061B1 (pt) | 2022-10-11 |
WO2017168327A3 (en) | 2018-08-23 |
EP3436191B1 (en) | 2023-08-16 |
KR102345100B1 (ko) | 2021-12-30 |
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