KR20180041810A - Display device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a display device which can easily form a height difference between a gap spacer and a push spacer, thereby facilitating the flow of liquid crystal and improving the restoring force of the spacers. A display device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an organic insulating layer, a pixel electrode, a lower alignment layer, a first spacer, a second spacer, and a liquid crystal layer. The organic insulating film is located on the lower substrate and includes a first region formed with a plurality of protrusions and a second region formed with a plurality of recesses. The pixel electrode is located on the organic insulating film, and the lower alignment film is located on the organic insulating film including the pixel electrode. The first spacer and the second spacer are located on the upper substrate facing the lower substrate, and the liquid crystal layer is disposed between the lower substrate and the upper substrate. The first spacer overlaps with the first region of the organic insulating film, and the second spacer overlaps with the second region of the organic insulating film.

Description

Display device {DISPLAY DEVICE}

The present invention relates to a display device having spacing spacers for holding cell gaps and push spacers for holding cell gaps when pressed.

A liquid crystal display displays an image by adjusting the light transmittance of a liquid crystal using an electric field. Such a liquid crystal display device is divided into a vertical electric field type and a horizontal electric field type in accordance with the direction of the electric field for driving the liquid crystal. In a vertical electric field type liquid crystal display device, a common electrode formed on an upper substrate and a pixel electrode formed on a lower substrate are opposed to each other to drive a liquid crystal of a TN (twisted nematic) mode by a vertical electric field formed therebetween. Such a vertical electric field type liquid crystal display device has a disadvantage that the aperture ratio is large, but the viewing angle is as narrow as 90 degrees. A horizontal electric field type liquid crystal display device drives an in plane switching (IPS) mode liquid crystal by a horizontal electric field between a pixel electrode and a common electrode arranged in parallel on a lower substrate. Such a horizontal electric field type liquid crystal display device has an advantage that the viewing angle is about 160 degrees, which is wider than the vertical electric field type, and the driving speed is fast.

In the above-described vertical electric field type and horizontal electric field type liquid crystal display devices, a liquid crystal layer having fluidity is interposed between a lower substrate and an upper substrate, and spacers are provided to prevent the liquid crystal layer from being damaged by an external pressure. The spacers include spacing spacers for maintaining a cell gap between the bottom substrate and the top substrate, and push spacers for maintaining the cell gap when the top substrate is pressed.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing spacers of a liquid crystal display device.

Referring to FIG. 1, a liquid crystal layer LCL is positioned between a lower substrate SUB1 and an upper substrate SUB2, and a gap spacer GCS and a push spacer PCS are disposed on one surface of the upper substrate SUB2. The gap spacer GCS contacts the lower substrate SUB1 to maintain the cell gap. The pressing spacers PCS are provided at a height smaller than the gap spacer GCS so as to contact the lower substrate SUB1 when the upper substrate SUB2 is pressed to maintain the cell gap.

However, as the number of gap spacers (GCS) increases, the density of the liquid crystal is disturbed by the increase in density, resulting in defects. As the density decreases, the restoring force is lowered when the upper substrate is pressed. In order to solve this problem, a density of the gap spacer GCS is reduced and a pressure spacer (PCS) having a constant height difference DELTA H with the gap spacer GCS is arranged. Therefore, when the upper substrate is pressed, the pressing spacers PCS maintain the cell gap, so that the restoring force can be improved without interfering with the flow of the liquid crystal.

The height difference DELTA H between the gap spacer GCS and the push spacer PCS must be sufficiently secured so that the push spacer PCS does not interfere with the flow of the liquid crystal. The gap spacer GCS having a height difference DELTA H and the press spacer PCS are formed using a half tone mask or a separate structure is laminated on a lower substrate to form a height difference. Recently, the spacers are imparted with a black characteristic to simultaneously perform a role of a black matrix. However, since the absorption of light is increased due to the black characteristic, even if the exposure amount is finely adjusted by using the halftone mask, the gap spacer (GCS) and the push spacer (PCS) absorb much light. Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to form a height difference? H between the spacer spacer GCS and the pressing spacer PCS.

The present invention provides a display device which can easily form a height difference between a gap spacer and a push spacer, thereby facilitating the flow of liquid crystal and improving the restoring force of the spacers.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display device including an organic insulating layer, a pixel electrode, a lower alignment layer, a first spacer, a second spacer, and a liquid crystal layer. The organic insulating film is located on the lower substrate and includes a first region formed with a plurality of protrusions and a second region formed with a plurality of recesses. The pixel electrode is located on the organic insulating film, and the lower alignment film is located on the organic insulating film including the pixel electrode. The first spacer and the second spacer are located on the upper substrate facing the lower substrate, and the liquid crystal layer is disposed between the lower substrate and the upper substrate. The first spacer overlaps with the first region of the organic insulating film, and the second spacer overlaps with the second region of the organic insulating film.

The projections of the first region and the recesses of the second region have a cross-sectional shape of a lenticular lens, the projections of the first region have a height of 5,500 to 7,500 ANGSTROM, and the depths of the recesses of the second region are 5,500 to 7,500 ANGSTROM.

The projections of the first region and the recesses of the second region are respectively 1 to 10 mu m in pitch and the projections of the first region and the recesses of the second region are each 1 to 10 mu m in width.

The area of the first region is larger than the radius of the lower surface of the first spacer by 5 mu m or more when the first region and the center of the lower surface of the first spacer facing the organic insulating film coincide with each other.

The first spacer is a gap spacer, and the second spacer is a push spacer.

The plurality of protrusions are covered with the lower alignment film, the gap spacer is covered with the upper alignment film, and in the region where the plurality of protrusions and the gap spacer overlap, the lower alignment film and the upper alignment film are in contact with each other.

The upper substrate includes a common electrode that forms an electric field with the pixel electrode, and the common electrode is disposed between the gap spacer and the upper substrate.

The lower substrate includes a common electrode that forms an electric field with the pixel electrode, and the common electrode is disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the lower substrate.

The display device according to the embodiments of the present invention can prevent the gap spacer from moving by forming the first region in which the plurality of protrusions are formed in the organic insulating film overlapping the gap spacer. In the display device according to the embodiments of the present invention, the second region having a plurality of concave portions formed in the organic insulating film superimposed on the pressing spacer can increase ΔH which is the height difference between the pressing spacer and the gap spacer, There is an advantage that display failure can be prevented without interfering with the display.

1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a conventional liquid crystal display device.
2 is a plan view of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the percutaneous line I-I 'of FIG. 2;
4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating protrusions of an organic insulating film of a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a plan view showing protrusions of an organic insulating film of a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a plan view showing protrusions and spacers in a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating concave portions of an organic insulating film of a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
8 and 9 are cross-sectional views illustrating a process of exposing an organic insulating film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
11 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 12 to 14 are views showing a plurality of protrusions formed on an organic insulating layer using a halftone mask according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals throughout the specification denote substantially identical components. In the following description, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear. In addition, the component names used in the following description may be selected in consideration of easiness of specification, and may be different from the parts names of actual products.

Hereinafter, a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 is a plan view of a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention. 3 is a sectional view taken along the cutting line I-I 'of Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating protrusions of an organic insulating layer of a liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 5 is a plan view showing protrusions of an organic insulating layer of a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention. 6 is a plan view illustrating protrusions and spacing spacers in a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating recesses of an organic insulating film of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the following, a horizontal electric field type liquid crystal display device will be described as an example. In FIG. 2, two neighboring pixel regions are located and two pixel regions have the same structure. Therefore, one pixel region will be described as an example.

Referring to FIG. 2, a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a pixel electrode and a common electrode disposed on the same plane at a predetermined distance from each other, thereby driving a horizontal electric field liquid crystal layer formed therebetween, Display. A gate line GL and a data line DL formed on the lower substrate so as to intersect with each other, a thin film transistor T formed at each intersection thereof, a pixel electrode PXL formed so as to form a horizontal electric field in a pixel region provided therebetween, A common electrode COM and a common line CL connected to the common electrode COM and running in parallel with the gate line GL.

The gate line GL supplies a gate signal to the gate electrode G of the thin film transistor T. [ The data line DL supplies a pixel signal to the pixel electrode PXL via the drain electrode D of the thin film transistor T. [ The gate line GL and the data line DL are formed in an intersecting structure to define a pixel region. The common line CL is formed on one side of the pixel region in parallel with the gate line GL and supplies a reference voltage for driving the liquid crystal to the common electrode COM.

The thin film transistor T responds to the gate signal of the gate line GL so that the pixel signal of the data line DL is charged and held in the pixel electrode PXL. The thin film transistor T includes a gate electrode G connected to the gate line GL, a source electrode S connected to the data line DL, and a drain electrode connected to the pixel electrode PXL D). The thin film transistor T includes an active layer (not shown) which forms a channel between the source electrode S and the drain electrode D and a source electrode S and a drain electrode D, And a contact layer (not shown).

The pixel electrode PXL is formed in the pixel region by being connected to the drain electrode D of the thin film transistor T through a passivation film (not shown) and a drain contact hole DH penetrating an organic insulating film (not shown). In particular, the pixel electrode PXL includes a horizontal pixel electrode PXLh connected to the drain electrode D and formed in parallel with the adjacent gate line GL, and a vertical pixel electrode PXLh formed in the vertical direction within the pixel region And a plurality of vertical pixel electrodes PXLv.

The common electrode COM is connected to the common line CL through a common contact hole CH through the gate insulating film GI, the passivation film and the organic insulating film. The portion that runs parallel to the gate line GL has a wider width and forms the horizontal common electrode COMh. And a plurality of vertical common electrodes COMv formed in the vertical direction within the pixel region by the horizontal common electrode COMh. In particular, the vertical common electrode COMv is arranged in parallel with the vertical pixel electrode PXLv in the pixel region.

A horizontal electric field is formed between the vertical pixel electrode PXLv to which the pixel signal is supplied through the thin film transistor T and the vertical common electrode COMv to which the reference voltage is supplied through the common line CL. These horizontal electric fields cause liquid crystal molecules to rotate due to dielectric anisotropy. The light transmittance through the pixel region is changed according to the degree of rotation of the liquid crystal molecules, thereby realizing an image.

The lower substrate is bonded to the upper substrate with the liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween. At this time, a gap spacer (GCS) is provided on the inner surface of the upper substrate in order to keep the adhesion gap between the lower substrate and the upper substrate, that is, the cell gap, constant. The gap spacer GCS can be arranged so as to overlap the wiring portion or the thin film transistor portion which is a non-opening region. On the entire area of the liquid crystal display, spacing spacers (GCS) are arranged to have an appropriate distribution density. The gap spacer GCS may be formed for each of at least two pixel regions and may be formed for each of two pixel regions or may be formed for each of ten or more pixel regions.

Further, it further includes a pressing spacer (PCS) for preventing the cell gap from becoming excessively thin due to the pressing pressure when the screen of the liquid crystal display device is pressed. The pressing spacers PCS can also be arranged so as to overlap the wiring portions or the thin film transistor portions which are non-opening regions, like the gap spacers GCS. On the entire area of the liquid crystal display device, the pressing spacers (PCS) are arranged to have an appropriate distribution density. The push spacers PCS may be formed for at least two or more pixel regions, for example, two pixel regions or ten or more pixel regions.

The lower substrate of the present invention has a first region FP formed with a plurality of protrusions in a region overlapping with the gap spacer GCS and a second region FP formed with a plurality of recesses in a region overlapping with the press spacer PCS. The region SP is formed.

3, the structure of the gap spacer GCS, the pressing spacer PCS, the first region FP and the second region SP according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail. A gate line GL and a horizontal common electrode COMh are disposed on the lower substrate SUB1. A gate insulating film GI is disposed on the gate line GL and the horizontal common electrode COMh. A data line DL orthogonal to the gate line GL is disposed on the gate insulating film GI. Color filters are disposed on the data line DL. That is, the first color filter CF1 is arranged in the pixel region on the left side with respect to the data line DL, the second color filter CF2 is arranged in the pixel region on the right side with respect to the data line DL do. The third color filter CF3 is disposed so as to overlap the first color filter CF1 and the second color filter CF2. The first to third color filters CF1 to CF3 may be respectively for converting a color of red, green or blue. Particularly, the third color filter CF3 is superimposed on the first color filter CF1 and the second color filter CF2 so that the light transmitted through the third color filter CF1 can be converted into black, thereby acting as a black matrix. On the other hand, although not shown, a passivation film may be further disposed between the data line DL and the color filters.

An organic insulating film (PAC) is disposed on the first to third color filters CF1 to CF3 to alleviate the step on the bottom. A vertical common electrode COMv and a vertical pixel electrode PXLv for driving the liquid crystal are disposed on the organic insulating film PAC. The lower alignment film PI1 is disposed on the entire organic insulating film PAC on which the vertical common electrode COMv and the vertical pixel electrode PXLv are arranged to orient the liquid crystal.

On the other hand, the lower substrate SUB1 is bonded together with the upper substrate SUB2 and the liquid crystal layer LCL sandwiched therebetween. The upper substrate SUB2 is provided with spacing spacers GCS for maintaining a constant gap of cell gaps and push spacers PCS for preventing cell gaps from excessively decreasing when the upper substrate SUB2 is pressed. An upper alignment film PI2 covering the gap spacer GCS and the pressing spacers PCS is disposed.

The spacing spacer GCS has a first height corresponding to the cell gap and the pushing spacer PCS has a second height that is less than the height of the spacing spacer GCS. The gap spacer GCS is in close contact with the uppermost structure of the lower substrate SUB1. On the other hand, it is preferable that the upper surface of the pressing spacer PCS is spaced apart from the uppermost structure of the lower substrate SUB1 by a predetermined distance.

For example, the upper surface of the push spacer (PCS) is preferably separated from the upper structure of the lower substrate SUB1 by about 6,000 to 7,000 ANGSTROM. When the pressing spacers PCS and the gap spacer GCS are formed at a similar position, a height difference DELTA H between the first height of the gap spacer GCS and the second height of the pushing spacer PCS is about 6,000 to 7,000 A is preferable.

The gap spacer GCS is for maintaining the cohesion distance between the upper substrate SUB2 and the lower substrate SUB1 and does not need to have a high distribution density. However, the size of each gap spacer (GCS) needs to be large enough to ensure sufficient rigidity. On the other hand, since the pressing spacer PCS is intended to support the upper substrate SUB2 and the lower substrate SUB1 so as not to be pressed too close when the pressing spacer PCS is pressed, it is preferable that the distribution density is high. However, if the size of each push spacer (PCS) has a large size similar to the gap spacer (GCS), the area occupied by the push spacer (PCS) may be high, which is undesirable. Therefore, it is preferable that the size of the push spacer (PCS) is small. The spacing spacer GCS and the pressing spacers PCS are formed in a truncated conical shape so that they are not damaged by contact with the lower substrate SUB1.

The lower substrate SUB1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first region PP having a plurality of protrusions PP formed on an organic insulating film PAC located in a region overlapping the gap spacer GCS and the push spacer PCS, (FP) and a second region (SP) in which a plurality of recesses (GP) are formed.

More specifically, the organic insulating film PAC includes a first region FP in which a plurality of protrusions PP are formed in a region overlapping the gap spacer GCS. The first area FP is an area in which a plurality of protrusions PP are arranged and a plurality of protrusions PP are contacted with the gap spacer GCS covered with the upper alignment film PI2. When the upper substrate SUB2 is pressed, the gap spacer GCS does not maintain contact with the lower substrate SUB1 vertically but slides sideways. The first area FP of the present invention includes a plurality of protrusions PP to improve the frictional force, thereby preventing the gap spacer GCS from slipping.

Referring to FIGS. 4 to 6, the first region FP formed in the organic insulating layer PAC of the present invention will be described in detail. Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, a first region FP formed on the organic insulating layer PAC corresponds to a region where a plurality of protruding portions PP are formed. The plurality of projections PP are formed in the same shape as a lenticular lens in cross section and can be made, for example, as a plastic house. That is, in the plurality of projections PP, convex horns and concave horns are alternately arranged, and the convex horns are arranged in parallel in the first direction. The first direction in which the plurality of projections PP are arranged may be arranged in any direction.

The height H1 of at least one of the plurality of protrusions PP is 5,500 to 7,500 angstroms. Here, the height H1 of at least one protrusion PP refers to a height protruding from the surface of the organic insulating film PAC. It is possible to increase DELTA H which is the height difference between the push spacer PCS and the gap spacer GCS when the height H1 of at least one protrusion PP is 5,500 ANGSTROM or more and the height H1 of at least one protrusion PP Is 7,500 ANGSTROM or less, it is possible to prevent degradation of the ability of the spacers to be restored when the upper substrate SUB2 is pressed down.

The plurality of protrusions PP are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance, and the pitch P1 of the plurality of protrusions PP is 1 to 10 mu m. If the pitch P1 of the plurality of protruding parts PP is 1 占 퐉 or more, the problem that the pitch of the protruding parts is too small to be formed in the exposure process is prevented. If the pitch P1 of the plurality of protruding parts PP is 10 占 퐉 or less, It is possible to prevent the problem that the height of the protrusions is too low to form protrusions. Preferably, the pitch P1 of the plurality of protrusions PP may be 3 to 5 mu m.

The plurality of protrusions PP have a constant width, and the width W1 of the plurality of protrusions PP is 1 to 10 mu m. If the width W1 of the plurality of protrusions PP is 1 占 퐉 or more, the problem that the width of the protrusions is too small to be formed in the exposure process is prevented. If the width W1 of the plurality of protrusions PP is 10 占 퐉 or less, It is possible to prevent the problem that the height of the protrusions is too low to form protrusions. Preferably, the width W1 of the plurality of protrusions PP may be 3 to 5 占 퐉.

Referring to FIG. 6, the first area FP formed with the plurality of protrusions PP is made larger than the bottom area of the gap spacer GCS so as to cover the gap spacer GCS. The area of the first region FP is smaller than the area of the lower surface of the gap spacer GCS facing the organic insulating film PAC when the center of the first region FP coincides with the center of the lower surface of the first spacer GCS. Can be made larger than the radius (HD) by 5 mu m or more. The planar shape of the first region FP may be circular as in the lower surface of the gap spacer GCS but is not limited thereto and may be a polygonal shape of a triangle or more if it can cover the lower surface of the gap spacer GCS. have.

The plurality of protrusions PP are covered with the lower alignment layer PI1, and the gap spacer GCS is covered with the upper alignment layer PI2. Therefore, in the region where the plurality of projections PP overlap the gap spacer GCS, the lower alignment film PI1 and the upper alignment film PI2 are in contact with each other.

On the other hand, the organic insulating film PAC includes a second region SP in which a plurality of recesses GP are formed in a region overlapping the push spacers PCS. The second area GP overlaps the depressions PCS in which the plurality of recesses GP are covered with the upper alignment film PI2. The pressing spacers PCS must secure a height difference DELTA H between the pressing spacers PCS and the spacing spacers GCS so as not to interfere with the flow of the liquid crystal between the organic insulating films PAC underneath. The second region SP of the present invention includes a plurality of recessed portions GP to increase DELTA H, whereby the flow of the liquid crystal is disturbed and display failure can be prevented.

Referring to FIG. 7, the second region SP formed in the organic insulating film (PAC) of the present invention will be described in detail. Referring to FIG. 7, a second region SP formed in the organic insulating layer PAC corresponds to a region where a plurality of recesses GP are formed. The plurality of concave portions GP may have the same cross-sectional shape as a lenticular lens and may be made, for example, as a plastic greenhouse. That is, in the plurality of recesses GP, the convex horns and the concave horns are alternately arranged, and the convex horns are arranged in parallel in the first direction. The first direction in which the plurality of recesses GP are arranged may be arranged in any direction. For example, the plurality of depressions GP may be formed of opposite phases of the plurality of projections PP.

At least one of the plurality of depressions GP has a depth DE1 of 5,500 to 7,500 ANGSTROM. Here, the depth DE1 of at least one concave portion GP refers to a depth recessed from the surface of the organic insulating film PAC. It is possible to increase DELTA H which is the height difference between the pressing spacer PCS and the gap spacer GCS when the depth DE1 of at least one concave portion GP is 5,500 ANGSTROM or more and the depth DELTA H of at least one concave portion GP When the depth DE1 is 7,500 ANGSTROM or less, it is possible to prevent degradation of the ability of the spacers to be restored when the upper substrate SUB2 is pressed down.

The plurality of recesses GP are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance, and the pitch P2 of the plurality of recesses GP is 1 to 10 mu m. It is possible to prevent the problem that the pitches of the recesses GP are too small to form in the exposure process when the pitch P2 of the plurality of recesses GP is 1 mu m or more, The height of the concave portions GP is too low to prevent the problem that the concave portions GP are not formed. Preferably, the pitch P2 of the plurality of concave portions GP may be 3 to 5 mu m.

The plurality of concave portions GP have a constant width, and the width W2 of the plurality of concave portions GP is 1 to 10 mu m. It is possible to prevent the problem that the width of the concave portions GP is too small to be formed in the exposure process and the width W2 of the plurality of concave portions GP can be prevented when the width W2 of the plurality of concave portions GP is 1 [ It is possible to prevent the problem that the concave portions GP are not formed because the height of the concave portions GP is too low. Preferably, the width W2 of the plurality of depressions GP may be 3 to 5 mu m.

As described above, the liquid crystal display according to the embodiment of the present invention can prevent the gap spacer from moving by forming the first region in which the plurality of protrusions are formed in the organic insulating film overlapping the gap spacer. In the liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the second area having a plurality of concave portions formed in the organic insulating film overlapping the pressing spacer can increase? H, which is the height difference between the pressing spacer and the spacer, There is an advantage that display failure can be prevented without disturbing the flow.

Referring to FIGS. 8 and 9, a method of forming the first region and the second region in the organic insulating film of the liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. 8 and 9 show a process of exposing an organic insulating film according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 8, the organic insulating film of the present invention has a characteristic that a UV-exposed region is removed in a negative type, and a non-UV-exposed region remains. After the organic insulating film PAC is formed on the lower substrate SUB1, a halftone mask HM is prepared. The halftone mask HM has a transmissive area AA through which light is transmitted, a transflective area BB through which light is transmitted at a certain rate, and a blocking area CC through which light is not transmitted.

The regions where the plurality of protrusions of the present invention are to be formed correspond to the transmissive regions AA of the halftone mask HM and the regions where the plurality of recesses are to be formed correspond to the transflective regions BB of the halftone mask HM. And the region where the organic insulating film PAC is completely removed corresponds to the blocking region CC of the halftone mask HM. At this time, the depth of the recesses can be adjusted by adjusting the light transmittance of the semi-transmissive region BB. Then, after exposure to UV light, the organic insulating film (PAC) is developed.

9, a plurality of protrusions PP are formed in a region where light is exposed through the transmissive region AA of the halftone mask HM, and a plurality of protrusions PP are formed in the region where the semi-transmissive region BB of the halftone mask HM is exposed A plurality of depressions GP are formed in the region where the light is exposed. Then, the organic insulating film PAC is completely removed in the region where light is not exposed through the blocking region CC of the halftone mask HM. Accordingly, an organic insulating layer (PAC) including a first region FP having a plurality of protrusions PP and a second region SP having a plurality of recesses GP can be manufactured according to the present invention. If the organic insulating film PAC is of the positive type, the regions of the halftone mask HM may be reversely applied.

Meanwhile, the organic insulating film of the present invention can be applied to various liquid crystal display devices including gap spacers and push spacers.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention. The description of the same configuration as that of the liquid crystal display according to the above-described embodiment will be omitted.

Referring to FIG. 10, a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention may be a vertical and horizontal electric field type liquid crystal display device in which pixel electrodes and common electrodes are disposed on different layers on a lower substrate SUB1.

A gate line GL is disposed on the lower substrate SUB1. A gate insulating film GI is disposed on the gate line GL and the horizontal common electrode COMh. A data line DL orthogonal to the gate line GL is disposed on the gate insulating film GI. Color filters are disposed on the data line DL. That is, the first color filter CF1 is arranged in the pixel region on the left side with respect to the data line DL, the second color filter CF2 is arranged in the pixel region on the right side with respect to the data line DL do. The third color filter CF3 is disposed so as to overlap the first color filter CF1 and the second color filter CF2.

An organic insulating film (PAC) is disposed on the first to third color filters CF1 to CF3 to alleviate the step on the bottom. A common electrode COM for driving the liquid crystal is disposed on the organic insulating film PAC and a passivation film PAS covering the common electrode COM is disposed. The pixel electrode PXL is arranged on the passivation film PAS and the lower alignment film PI1 is arranged on the entire organic insulating film PAC on which the pixel electrode PXL is arranged to align the liquid crystal.

The lower substrate SUB1 is bonded together with the upper substrate SUB2 and the liquid crystal layer LCL sandwiched therebetween. The upper substrate SUB2 is provided with spacing spacers GCS for maintaining a constant gap of cell gaps and push spacers PCS for preventing cell gaps from excessively decreasing when the upper substrate SUB2 is pressed. An upper alignment film PI2 covering the gap spacer GCS and the push spacers PCS is disposed. The common electrode COM is disposed between the liquid crystal layer LCL and the lower substrate SUB1.

10, the lower substrate SUB1 includes a plurality of protrusions PP formed on an organic insulating film PAC located in a region overlapping the gap spacer GCS and the push spacer PCS. 1 region FP and a second region SP in which a plurality of recesses GP are formed.

Therefore, the liquid crystal display according to another embodiment of the present invention can prevent the gap spacer from moving by forming the first region in which the plurality of protrusions are formed in the organic insulating film overlapping the gap spacer. In the liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the second area having a plurality of concave portions formed in the organic insulating film overlapping the pressing spacer can increase? H, which is the height difference between the pressing spacer and the spacer, There is an advantage that display failure can be prevented without disturbing the flow.

11, a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention may be a vertical electric field type liquid crystal display device in which a pixel electrode is disposed on a lower substrate SUB1 and a common electrode is disposed on an upper substrate SUB2 .

A gate line GL is arranged on the lower substrate SUB1 and a gate insulating film GI is arranged on the gate line GL. A data line DL orthogonal to the gate line GL is disposed on the gate insulating film GI. An organic insulating film (PAC) is disposed on the data line DL to alleviate the step on the bottom. A pixel electrode PXL for driving the liquid crystal is disposed on the organic insulating film PAC.

On the other hand, the lower substrate SUB1 is bonded together with the upper substrate SUB2 and the liquid crystal layer LCL sandwiched therebetween. A first color filter CF1 and a second color filter CF2 are disposed on the upper substrate SUB2 and a black matrix BM for partitioning a pixel region and preventing light leakage is disposed therebetween. An overcoat layer OC for relieving a step on the first and second color filters CF1 and CF2 and a black matrix BM is disposed and a common electrode VCOM for driving the liquid crystal on the overcoat layer OC, .

A spacing spacer GCS for maintaining a constant gap of the cell gap on the common electrode VCOM and a push spacer PCS for preventing the cell gap from excessively decreasing when the upper substrate SUB2 is pressed are disposed. An upper alignment film PI2 covering the gap spacer GCS and the pressing spacers PCS is disposed. The common electrode COM is disposed between the gap spacer GCS and the upper substrate SUB2.

The lower substrate SUB1 of the liquid crystal display device having the structure as shown in FIG. 11 has a structure in which a plurality of protrusions PP are formed on the organic insulating film PAC located in the region overlapping the gap spacer GCS and the push spacer PCS 1 region FP and a second region SP in which a plurality of recesses GP are formed.

Therefore, the liquid crystal display according to another embodiment of the present invention can prevent the gap spacer from moving by forming the first region having the plurality of projections formed on the organic insulating film overlapping the gap spacer. In the liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the second area having a plurality of concave portions formed in the organic insulating film overlapping the pressing spacer can increase? H, which is the height difference between the pressing spacer and the spacer, There is an advantage that display failure can be prevented without disturbing the flow.

12 to 14 are images in which a plurality of protrusions and a plurality of recesses are formed in an organic insulating film using a halftone mask according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 12, it can be seen that five protrusions having a height of 5,800 Å and a width of 4 μm are formed in the organic insulating film. As shown in Fig. 13 in which the protrusions of Fig. 12 are enlarged, it is confirmed that the side surface of the protrusions has a taper angle of 16 degrees and a pitch of 4 mu m. Referring to FIG. 14, which is a plan view image of the protrusions of FIG. 12 viewed from above, it can be seen that the five protrusions extend downward from above the image and are arranged side by side.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to the details described in the detailed description, but should be defined by the claims.

GL: gate line DL: data line
CL: common line T: thin film transistor
G: gate electrode S: source electrode
D: drain electrode SUB1: lower substrate
PXL: pixel electrode COM: common electrode
GCS: Spacer spacer PCS: Spacer spacer
SUB2: upper substrate

Claims (10)

An organic insulating film located on the lower substrate and including a first region formed with a plurality of protrusions and a second region formed with a plurality of recesses;
A pixel electrode located on the organic insulating film;
A lower alignment layer disposed on the organic insulating layer including the pixel electrode;
A first spacer and a second spacer located on an upper substrate facing the lower substrate; And
And a liquid crystal layer disposed between the lower substrate and the upper substrate,
Wherein the first spacer overlaps with the first region of the organic insulating film and the second spacer overlaps with the second region of the organic insulating film. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the projecting portion of the first region and the concave portion of the second region have a cross-sectional shape of a lenticular lens. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein a height of the protrusion of the first region is 5,500 to 7,500 ANGSTROM, and a depth of the recess of the second region is 5,500 to 7,500 ANGSTROM. The method according to claim 1,
And the projected portion of the first region and the recessed portion of the second region are respectively 1 to 10 mu m. The method according to claim 1,
And the projections of the first region and the recesses of the second region each have a width of 1 to 10 mu m. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein an area of the first region is 5 mu m or more larger than a radius of a lower surface of the first spacer when the center of the first region and the center of the lower surface of the first spacer facing the organic insulating film coincide with each other. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first spacer is a gap spacer, and the second spacer is a push spacer. The method according to claim 1,
The plurality of protrusions are covered with the lower alignment layer, the gap spacer is covered with the upper alignment layer,
Wherein the lower alignment film and the upper alignment film are in contact with each other in a region where the plurality of projections and the gap spacer overlap each other. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the upper substrate includes a common electrode that forms an electric field with the pixel electrode, and the common electrode is disposed between the gap spacer and the upper substrate. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the lower substrate includes a common electrode that forms an electric field with the pixel electrode, and the common electrode is disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the lower substrate.

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