KR20150036417A - 외부 코팅을 포함하는, 매립 관로를 위한 철-베이스 배관 요소 - Google Patents
외부 코팅을 포함하는, 매립 관로를 위한 철-베이스 배관 요소 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20150036417A KR20150036417A KR1020157003172A KR20157003172A KR20150036417A KR 20150036417 A KR20150036417 A KR 20150036417A KR 1020157003172 A KR1020157003172 A KR 1020157003172A KR 20157003172 A KR20157003172 A KR 20157003172A KR 20150036417 A KR20150036417 A KR 20150036417A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
- F16L58/02—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation by means of internal or external coatings
- F16L58/04—Coatings characterised by the materials used
- F16L58/10—Coatings characterised by the materials used by rubber or plastics
- F16L58/1054—Coatings characterised by the materials used by rubber or plastics the coating being placed outside the pipe
- F16L58/1072—Coatings characterised by the materials used by rubber or plastics the coating being placed outside the pipe the coating being a sprayed layer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/131—Wire arc spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/18—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
- C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
- C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
- C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
- F16L58/02—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation by means of internal or external coatings
- F16L58/04—Coatings characterised by the materials used
- F16L58/08—Coatings characterised by the materials used by metal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
- F16L58/02—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation by means of internal or external coatings
- F16L58/04—Coatings characterised by the materials used
- F16L58/10—Coatings characterised by the materials used by rubber or plastics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
- F16L58/02—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation by means of internal or external coatings
- F16L58/04—Coatings characterised by the materials used
- F16L58/10—Coatings characterised by the materials used by rubber or plastics
- F16L58/1054—Coatings characterised by the materials used by rubber or plastics the coating being placed outside the pipe
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
- F16L58/02—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation by means of internal or external coatings
- F16L58/04—Coatings characterised by the materials used
- F16L58/10—Coatings characterised by the materials used by rubber or plastics
- F16L58/1054—Coatings characterised by the materials used by rubber or plastics the coating being placed outside the pipe
- F16L58/109—Coatings characterised by the materials used by rubber or plastics the coating being placed outside the pipe the coating being an extruded layer
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
- F16L9/14—Compound tubes, i.e. made of materials not wholly covered by any one of the preceding groups
- F16L9/147—Compound tubes, i.e. made of materials not wholly covered by any one of the preceding groups comprising only layers of metal and plastics with or without reinforcement
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F2213/00—Aspects of inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
- C23F2213/30—Anodic or cathodic protection specially adapted for a specific object
- C23F2213/32—Pipes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12479—Porous [e.g., foamed, spongy, cracked, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Protection Of Pipes Against Damage, Friction, And Corrosion (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
Abstract
- 알루미늄 5 내지 60 중량%를 함유하는 아연/알루미늄 합금의 적어도 하나의 다공성 층을 포함하는, 제1 층(11);
- 상기 제1 층(11) 상에 위치된 점착성의 제2 층(13); 및
- 상기 제2 층(13) 상에 위치되고 합성 유기 물질을 포함하는 제3 층(15); 을 포함한다.
본 발명은 또한 상기 배관 요소를 제조하는 방법에 관한 것이다.
Description
Claims (17)
- 외부 코팅(9)을 포함하는, 매립 관로(buried pipeline)를 위한, 특히 주철(cast iron )로부터 만들어진, 철-베이스 배관 요소(1)로서,
상기 외부 코팅(9)은:
알루미늄 5 내지 60 중량%를 함유하는 아연/알루미늄 합금의 적어도 하나의 다공성 층을 포함하는, 제1 층(11);
상기 제1 층(11) 상에 위치된 점착성의 제2 층(13); 및
상기 제2 층(13) 상에 위치되고 합성 유기 물질을 포함하는 제3 층(15); 을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는,
배관 요소.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제1 층(11)은 상기 아연/알루미늄 합금의 다공성 층으로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 배관 요소.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제1 층 (11)은, 상기 아연/알루미늄 합금의 다공성 층과 상기 제2 층 (13) 사이에 위치된, 바람직하게는 상기 아연/알루미늄 합금의 다공성 층 상에 위치된, 밀봉 페인트(sealant paint) 층을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 배관 요소.
- 제1항 내지 제3항에 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제2 층(13)은 홀트멜트 글루(holtmelt glue)를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 배관 요소.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제2 층(13)은 항부식 안료 (anticorrosion pigment) 및/또는 살균제 (bactericidal agent)를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 배관 요소.
- 제1항 내지 제5항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제2 층(13)은 대체적으로 금속 성분 없이 제공되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 배관 요소.
- 제1항 내지 제6항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 합성 유기 물질은 폴리에틸렌, 예를 들면 바이모달 고-밀도 폴리에틸렌을 포함하거나, 또는 폴리프로필렌을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 배관 요소.
- 제1항 내지 제7항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 합성 유기 물질은, 단단한 미네랄 충진제(hard mineral fillers)에 의해 강화된 폴리에틸렌 또는 폴리프로필렌을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 배관 요소.
- 제1항 내지 제8항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제3 층(15)은, 상기 배관 요소 (1)가 매립되도록 의도되는 토양의 색에 대하여 최대 대조를 상기 배관 요소(1)에 부여하는, 특히 형광성인, 착색제를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 배관 요소.
- 제1항 내지 제9항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제3 층(15)은, 특히 미네랄 충진제로 인하여 얻어진, 강한 빛 반사력을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는, 배관 요소.
- 제1항 내지 제10항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 아연/알루미늄 합금의 다공성 층은 적어도 300 g/m2, 및 바람직하게는 적어도 400 g/m2 의 표면 밀도를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는, 배관 요소.
- 제1항 내지 제11항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
미가공 배관 요소(7)를 포함하고,
상기 제1 층 (11)은 상기 미가공 배관 요소(7) 상에 위치된 것을 특징으로 하는, 배관 요소.
- 제1항 내지 제12항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 배관 요소(1)를 포함하는, 매립 관로.
- 제1항 내지 제12항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 배관 요소를 제조하기 위한 방법으로서, 적어도 다음의:
(a) 아크 금속화 (arc metallization)에 의하여 상기 아연/ 알루미늄 합금의 다공성 층을 증착하는 단계;
(b) 상기 제2 층 (13)을 증착하는 단계; 및
(c) 상기 제3 층 (15)을 증착하는 단계;를 포함하는, 배관 요소 제조방법
- 제14항에 있어서,
상기 아연/알루미늄 합금의 다공성 층은, 적어도 300 g/m2, 및 바람직하게는 적어도 400 g/m2의 표면 밀도로 증착되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 배관 요소 제조방법.
- 제14항 또는 제15항에 있어서,
상기 제2 층(13) 및 제3 층 (15)은, 압출, 스프레이 또는 둘 모두의 공-압출에 의하여, 바람직하게는, 각각 증착되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 배관 요소 제조방법.
- 제14항 내지 제16항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 배관 요소(1)가 매립되도록 의도되는 토양과 대조되는 색을 얻도록, 특히 형광성인, 착색제는, 상기 제3 층 (15)의 압출, 공-압출 또는 스프레이 동안에 상기 제3 층의 상기 합성 유기 물질에 첨가되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 배관 요소 제조방법.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1257638A FR2994243B1 (fr) | 2012-08-06 | 2012-08-06 | Element de tuyauterie a base de fer pour canalisation enterree, comprenant un revetement exterieur |
FR1257638 | 2012-08-06 | ||
PCT/EP2013/066220 WO2014023646A1 (fr) | 2012-08-06 | 2013-08-01 | Elément de tuyauterie à base de fer pour canalisation enterrée, comprenant un revêtement extérieur |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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KR20150036417A true KR20150036417A (ko) | 2015-04-07 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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KR1020157003172A Ceased KR20150036417A (ko) | 2012-08-06 | 2013-08-01 | 외부 코팅을 포함하는, 매립 관로를 위한 철-베이스 배관 요소 |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10876674B2 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP2880351B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP6557141B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR20150036417A (ko) |
CN (1) | CN104736915B (ko) |
AU (1) | AU2013301629B2 (ko) |
BR (1) | BR112015002454B1 (ko) |
CA (1) | CA2879659C (ko) |
ES (1) | ES2729239T3 (ko) |
FR (1) | FR2994243B1 (ko) |
IN (1) | IN2015DN00520A (ko) |
MX (1) | MX366094B (ko) |
RU (1) | RU2641793C2 (ko) |
TR (1) | TR201908250T4 (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2014023646A1 (ko) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106764249A (zh) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-05-31 | 西安格林管道科技工程有限公司 | 一种耐腐蚀非金属衬里管段、管道及其制造方法 |
KR102539109B1 (ko) | 2022-11-11 | 2023-06-01 | 주식회사 수성이앤씨 건축사사무소 | 내부 몰탈을 충진한 지중 원형 파이프 구조 |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR3009999B1 (fr) * | 2013-09-02 | 2017-04-21 | Saint-Gobain Pam | Revetement exterieur pour element de tuyauterie enterre a base de fer, element de tuyauterie revetu et procede de depot du revetement. |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106764249A (zh) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-05-31 | 西安格林管道科技工程有限公司 | 一种耐腐蚀非金属衬里管段、管道及其制造方法 |
KR102539109B1 (ko) | 2022-11-11 | 2023-06-01 | 주식회사 수성이앤씨 건축사사무소 | 내부 몰탈을 충진한 지중 원형 파이프 구조 |
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IN2015DN00520A (ko) | 2015-06-26 |
CA2879659C (fr) | 2020-10-27 |
US10876674B2 (en) | 2020-12-29 |
EP2880351A1 (fr) | 2015-06-10 |
CA2879659A1 (fr) | 2014-02-13 |
ES2729239T3 (es) | 2019-10-31 |
RU2015107759A (ru) | 2016-09-27 |
JP2015534007A (ja) | 2015-11-26 |
BR112015002454A2 (pt) | 2017-12-12 |
FR2994243B1 (fr) | 2016-06-10 |
RU2641793C2 (ru) | 2018-01-22 |
BR112015002454B1 (pt) | 2019-10-29 |
MX366094B (es) | 2019-06-27 |
US20150226365A1 (en) | 2015-08-13 |
CN104736915A (zh) | 2015-06-24 |
WO2014023646A1 (fr) | 2014-02-13 |
AU2013301629A1 (en) | 2015-02-12 |
TR201908250T4 (tr) | 2019-06-21 |
CN104736915B (zh) | 2017-03-08 |
EP2880351B1 (fr) | 2019-03-06 |
AU2013301629B2 (en) | 2017-09-14 |
FR2994243A1 (fr) | 2014-02-07 |
JP6557141B2 (ja) | 2019-08-07 |
MX2015001320A (es) | 2015-04-10 |
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