KR20120056674A - 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질, 이의 제조 방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 - Google Patents
리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질, 이의 제조 방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20120056674A KR20120056674A KR1020100118328A KR20100118328A KR20120056674A KR 20120056674 A KR20120056674 A KR 20120056674A KR 1020100118328 A KR1020100118328 A KR 1020100118328A KR 20100118328 A KR20100118328 A KR 20100118328A KR 20120056674 A KR20120056674 A KR 20120056674A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- active material
- positive electrode
- lithium secondary
- secondary battery
- electrode active
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- -1 phosphoric acid compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Substances OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940126062 Compound A Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000185 sucrose group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 229910016722 Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 4
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- QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound [CH2]COC(=O)OCCC QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
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- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021436 group 13–16 element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
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- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010093 LiAlO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910013372 LiC 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013417 LiN(SO3C2F5)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001236140 Meroles Species 0.000 description 1
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910008326 Si-Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006773 Si—Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020997 Sn-Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008859 Sn—Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RLTFLELMPUMVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[V+5] Chemical compound [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[V+5] RLTFLELMPUMVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011326 fired coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052730 francium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021473 hassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)=O KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006051 mesophase pitch carbide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GHZRKQCHJFHJPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxacycloundecan-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCO1 GHZRKQCHJFHJPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052699 polonium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021481 rutherfordium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021477 seaborgium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052713 technetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 실시예 1에 따른 양극 활물질의 SEM 사진이다.
도 3은 비교예 1에 따른 양극 활물질의 SEM 사진이다.
초기 효율(%) | 방전 용량비(%)* (1C/0.1C) |
용량 유지율(%)** | |
실시예 1 | 90 | 88 | 90 |
실시예 2 | 89.5 | 89 | 89.5 |
비교예 1 | 87 | 86 | 85 |
비교예 2 | 88 | 88 | 89 |
비교예 3 | 87.5 | 87.5 | 87 |
112: 음극
113: 세퍼레이터
114: 양극
120: 전지 용기
140: 봉입 부재
Claims (19)
- 코어; 및
상기 코어 표면을 둘러싸고, 인산계 화합물 및 탄소계 화합물을 포함하는 복합체
를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 코어는 Ni(니켈)계 산화물을 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 코어는 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 화합물을 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질.
[화학식 1]
Lia(NixCoyMnz)2- aO2
(상기 화학식 1에서, 1.01≤a≤1.2, 0.5≤x≤1, 0≤y≤0.5, 0≤z≤0.5 이다.)
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 인산계 화합물은 Li3PO4, P2O5, H3PO4, (NH4)2HPO4, NH4H2PO4 또는 이들의 조합을 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 탄소계 화합물은 수크로오스(sucrose), 덴카 블랙(denka black), 카본 블랙(carbon black) 또는 이들의 조합의 전구체로부터 얻어진 화합물을 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 양극 활물질은 상기 코어 표면에 상기 복합체가 코팅된 구조를 가지는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 복합체는 상기 코어 100 중량부에 대하여 0.01 내지 50 중량부로 포함되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 복합체는 상기 코어 100 중량부에 대하여 0.01 내지 20 중량부로 포함되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 복합체는 상기 코어 100 중량부에 대하여 0.01 내지 10 중량부로 포함되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질.
- 인산계 화합물 및 탄소계 화합물 전구체를 혼합하여 제1 혼합물을 얻는 단계;
상기 제1 혼합물 및 코어 물질을 혼합하여 제2 혼합물을 얻는 단계; 및
상기 제2 혼합물을 열처리하여, 상기 코어 물질이 상기 인산계 화합물 및 상기 탄소계 화합물 전구체를 포함하는 복합체로 둘러싸인 양극 활물질을 제조하는 단계
를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 인산계 화합물, 탄소계 화합물 전구체 및 코어 물질을 혼합하여 혼합물을 얻는 단계; 및
상기 혼합물을 열처리하여, 상기 코어 물질이 상기 인산계 화합물 및 상기 탄소계 화합물 전구체를 포함하는 복합체로 둘러싸인 양극 활물질을 제조하는 단계
를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제10항에 있어서,
상기 제1 혼합물은 용매를 더 혼합하여 얻어지는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제10항 또는 제11항에 있어서,
상기 열처리는 300 내지 800 ℃의 온도에서 수행되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제10항 또는 제11항에 있어서,
상기 코어 물질은 Ni(니켈)계 산화물을 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제10항 또는 제11항에 있어서,
상기 코어 물질은 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 화합물을 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
[화학식 1]
Lia(NixCoyMnz)2- aO2
(상기 화학식 1에서, 1.01≤a≤1.2, 0.5≤x≤1, 0≤y≤0.5, 0≤z≤0.5 이다.)
- 제10항 또는 제11항에 있어서,
상기 인산계 화합물은 Li3PO4, P2O5, H3PO4, (NH4)2HPO4, NH4H2PO4 또는 이들의 조합을 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제10항 또는 제11항에 있어서,
상기 탄소계 화합물 전구체는 수크로오스(sucrose), 덴카 블랙(denka black), 카본 블랙(carbon black) 또는 이들의 조합을 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제9항 중 어느 한 항의 양극 활물질을 포함하는 양극.
- 제1항 내지 제9항 중 어느 한 항의 양극 활물질을 포함하는 양극;
음극; 및
전해액을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지.
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US13/220,016 US20120135305A1 (en) | 2010-11-25 | 2011-08-29 | Positive Active Material for Rechargeable Lithium Battery, Method of Preparing the Same, and Rechargeable Lithium Battery Including the Same |
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Cited By (4)
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KR20140058165A (ko) * | 2012-11-06 | 2014-05-14 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 이차전지용 양극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 |
WO2015130106A1 (ko) * | 2014-02-28 | 2015-09-03 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬-니켈계 양극 활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
WO2019103576A3 (ko) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-07-18 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 양극 첨가제, 이의 제조 방법, 이를 포함하는 양극 및 리튬 이차 전지 |
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JP6430621B1 (ja) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-11-28 | 住友化学株式会社 | 非水電解液二次電池 |
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-
2010
- 2010-11-25 KR KR1020100118328A patent/KR20120056674A/ko not_active Ceased
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- 2011-08-29 US US13/220,016 patent/US20120135305A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US11545670B2 (en) | 2017-11-27 | 2023-01-03 | Lg Energy Solution, Ltd. | Cathode additive, preparation method thereof, and cathode and lithium secondary battery comprising the same |
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