KR20100132111A - Winding Heat Pipes for Transformer Cooling - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention generates a heat of about 0.5KW ~ 2KW per hour in the case of a columnar transformer of less than 100KVA, the working fluid produced by a special aluminum or copper tube around 8mm outside the winding wound around the iron core of the transformer which is the source of heat generation inside the transformer (F It is developed as a superconducting heat pipe with vacuum built in) and connects the start and end points of the superconducting heat pipe winding directly to the heat pipe radiator mounted on one side of the transformer to radiate heat to the outside. The present invention relates to a winding heat pipe (1) for cooling a transformer to maintain a temperature, wherein a heat sink (14) is installed on one surface of a columnar transformer in which an insulating oil (12) and a transformer are built in to heat heat generated from the insulating oil contained in the transformer. In a normal column transformer for heat dissipation, the passage of magnetic force flux in a portion of the transformer internal transformer Superconducting heat pipe is replaced by the conductor of the coil 10 wound around the used core, and when heat is generated from the transformer internal transformer, the working fluid F filled in the winding heat pipe vaporizes and absorbs heat directly. The unit 22 and a plurality of heat dissipation fins 26 for dissipating heat absorbed by the heat absorbing unit 22 are composed of a heat dissipation unit 24 mounted on one side of the transformer outer wall. It can be greatly reduced, as well as the cost savings, as well as the development of a superconducting heat pipe of the winding 10, the source of heat generation, can open a new horizon for cooling the transformer.

Description

Winding wire heat pipe for cooling for Transfomer

The present invention relates to a heat absorbing portion that is a superconducting heat pipe forming a conductor (a winding) inside a columnar transformer and a heat pipe array that is a heat dissipating portion connected thereto. Heat pipe for cooling the columnar transformer to replace the pipe and connect it directly to the heat pipe radiator mounted on the outer wall of the columnar transformer to directly dissipate heat generated from the transformer to the outside to maintain the inside of the transformer at a constant temperature It is about.

In general, columnar transformers are also called trans, and there are many kinds of transformers, including power transformers connected to transmission and distribution lines and coupling transformers used in electronic circuits.

A power transformer can change any voltage applied to an alternating current circuit to a higher or lower voltage as a transformer and the power does not change. The primary winding to the power supply and the secondary winding to the load are wound on the same iron core.

The iron core is assembled to the required thickness by overlapping the magnetic material such as silicon steel sheet, permalloy, ferrite, etc. with a thickness of 0.35 mm. If the number of turns of the primary and secondary windings is w1 and w2, and the voltage applied to the primary is V1 and the voltage obtained at the secondary is V2, the relationship V1 / V2 = w1 / w2 = a is established. a is called the winding ratio. If the currents of the primary and secondary windings are I1 and I2, a relationship of I1 / I2 = w2 / w1 = 1 / a is established. Therefore, approximately V1I1 = V2I2.

In transformers and other electrical equipment, values of voltage and current appropriate to the number of turns of the equipment are generally determined, which are referred to as rated voltage and rated current. In a transformer, the product of this voltage and current is called the capacitance, expressed in volt-amperes (VA). However, since VA is small, it is usually expressed as 1 kilovolt ampere (kVA) in units of 1,000 VA. The capacity of 1 kVA is equivalent to the capacity of 10 light bulbs of 100 W.

Transformers used in distribution lines have capacities of up to several tens of kVA, but some high-voltage transmission lines have large capacities of several hundred thousand kVA. The actual structure of a transformer depends on its capacity and voltage, but the main parts are windings and iron cores, which are placed in tanks and filled with insulating oil. The reason why oil is used is that moisture or dust enters the insulation of the winding, which lowers the dielectric strength. Therefore, this phenomenon is prevented, and heat generated from the iron core or the winding is dissipated by oil convection or radiation. To do that.

In large-capacity transformers, pipes or radiators are installed to circulate oil on the outside of the tanks for better heat dissipation, and in larger-capacity transformers, fans are installed in the radiators and the wind is sent to improve heat dissipation.

Depending on the location of the transformer, instead of installing a radiator, the hot oil in the transformer can be drawn out through a pipe, cooled with coolant, or a water pipe passed through the transformer to circulate the water. There is also a way. The three-phase type is often used for medium and large capacity transformers. In this method, the three-phase primary and secondary coils are installed in the tank, and there are three single-phase transformers. It occupies less space, price and weight than three single-phase transformers. Transformers are stationary, so their losses are relatively low and their efficiency is very good. The small-capacity transformer for distribution is also about 97%, and the larger one is more than 99%.

As an example of a special transformer, ① winding core transformer: It is widely used for power distribution, and the structure of the iron core is made of strips of very long silicon strip steel in the shape of a strip without using thin silicon steel sheets. It is stratified until it becomes. Compared with the method of laminating a steel sheet, there is a feature that the current at the loss or no load in the iron core is also reduced. ② Single winding transformer: A transformer electrically connected between the primary and secondary coils. ③ Instrument transformer: A transformer that is used to lower the high voltage of the alternating current proportionally to a low voltage (usually 100V). Even if the primary voltage is tens of thousands or hundreds of thousands of high voltages, the secondary voltage is a low voltage with low risk. To change. Since only the instrument and the relay are connected to the load, the capacity is as small as a few tens of VA, but because of the high voltage, the insulator for the lead is large. The volume becomes large because the insulation resistance of the coil is made very large. ④ Magnetic leakage transformer: It is desirable that the voltage of the load does not change even if the current flowing through the load changes. However, the transformer used as the power source for the electric welder or the neon sign is different from the iron core configuration and the coil winding method, so that the load voltage decreases when the load current increases. According to this method, a stable current can be flowed. A magnetic leakage transformer is used for this purpose.

Transformers are divided into single-phase and three-phase transformers according to the power supply constant, and there are inner, outer, and coil core types depending on the structure of the iron core.

In addition, there is a single winding transformer that uses the primary and the secondary jointly with one winding, which is used as a home voltage regulator because of its high efficiency when boosting and reducing pressure in a transformer ratio ratio of less than 2.

In the case of a general transformer including a general column transformer of the background art, a conventional transformer that radiates heat absorbed by insulating oil contained in the transformer through an externally mounted heat sink may further install a heat sink to the transformer to increase efficiency of heat radiation. However, there is a problem in that a high production cost and productivity are lowered because it requires a cumbersome process and a multi-step process to form an insulating oil flow in each heat sink for the additional heat sink installation.

In addition, there is a problem that the heat sink additionally installed in the transformer occupies a lot of the installation area, and the limitation in the conventional cooling efficiency in which the heat absorbed by the heat generated from the transformer internal transformer is absorbed by the insulating oil is cooled in the external heat sink. There is a problem that there is.

Through the present invention in the cooling efficiency using the insulating oil 12 built into the transformer of the conventional transformer and the heat sink mounted on the outer wall through the present invention the outer diameter of the winding 10 forming a part of the transformer which is the source of the heat generation of the transformer through the present invention It directly absorbs the heat generated by replacing superconducting heat pipes with a built-in working fluid (F) made of special aluminum or copper tubes of about 8mm inside and outside, and at the same time indirect endothermic effect through insulating oil 12 used in the conventional transformer. Maximized the endothermic effect, connected to the superconducting heat pipe that replaces the winding 10, induce efficient heat dissipation through the heat pipe array radiator 24 mounted on one side of the transformer outer wall, limiting the conventional transformer cooling efficiency To overcome.

In addition, the heat pipe heat dissipation part 24 is directly connected to the superconducting heat pipe heat absorbing part 22 and mounted on one side of the transformer outer wall. By replacing the winding 10, which is a source of cost reduction and heat generation, with a superconducting heat pipe, there is a more efficient operation effect through direct endotherm.

Winding heat pipe (1) for cooling the transformer according to the present invention is a special aluminum or copper tube with an outer diameter of about 8mm around the winding of the core (10) around the iron core which is a part of the transformer which is a source of heat that has not been accessed in the conventional cooling system of the transformer By replacing the produced superconducting heat pipe with the direct endothermic effect and the endothermic effect through the existing insulating oil, the endothermic efficiency is increased, resulting in more efficient transformer cooling.

In addition, by installing a heat pipe heat exchanger according to the present invention as a heat dissipation means to replace a plurality of heat sinks 14 installed in the existing transformer, the structure is simpler than the existing heat sinks 14 and occupies less installation area and is operated without power, thus maintaining maintenance costs. This has the effect of being saved.

The present invention is a conventional transformer heat dissipation is installed on one side of the transformer indirect heat absorbing through the insulating oil and the transformer is built in to achieve the above object, the inside of the transformer in the outer diameter of about 8mm around the winding of the transformer It replaces with superconducting heat pipe made of special aluminum or copper tube, and directly installs the heat pipe heat absorbing part that absorbs heat generated from the transformer and indirect heat absorbing through the existing insulating oil. The heat pipe heat dissipating part 24 connected directly to the end point is installed on one side or the upper surface of the transformer to communicate with the inside of the heat absorbing part and operate as an insulating liquid which is not passed through the vaporization part 22 in the heat absorbing part 22. The plurality of heat dissipation fins 26 in which the fluid F is heated and liquefied therein and dissipates heat absorbed by the heat absorbing portion. It provides a plurality of winding a heat pipe for cooling pole transformer consisting of a radiator (24) formed on the outer peripheral surface.

In addition, a perforated and rigid installation is formed in the outer surface of the transformer through a hole for communication with the heat radiating portion 24 having the same diameter as the winding 10 replaced with the superconducting heat pipe of the heat absorbing portion at a predetermined position corresponding to the heat absorbing portion 22. It is characterized in that for welding by fixing.

In addition, for the purpose of the convenience and robustness of the work for the alignment of the heat absorbing portion to a predetermined position extending from the transformer inside the transformer to communicate with the external heat dissipating portion is characterized by using a method through the bending work or elbow and welding .

In addition, the inside of the transformer cooling winding heat pipe 1 is characterized in that the vacuum state.

In addition, the working fluid (F), which is a non-conductive insulating fluid accommodated in the transformer cooling winding heat pipe (1), is about 20% of the total volume of the transformer cooling winding heat pipe (1). do.

(Example)

With reference to the accompanying drawings, the configuration and action of the winding heat pipe for transformer cooling according to the present invention will be described in detail.

1 is a perspective view showing a transformer according to the prior art, Figure 2 is a perspective view of the side installation showing a transformer heat pipe for cooling the transformer according to the present invention, Figure 3 is a winding heat for transformer cooling according to the present invention 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a transformer heat pipe for cooling the transformer according to the present invention is installed on the side of the transformer, and FIG. 5 is a transformer heat pipe for cooling the transformer according to the present invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the state installed in the upper part.

As shown in the drawing, the configuration of a winding heat pipe for cooling a transformer according to the present invention is a conventional transformer T in which a heat sink is installed on one side of the transformer T in which the insulating oil 12 and the transformer are embedded, and the transformer ( T) Winding the iron core by replacing the winding which is a part of the transformer with a superconducting heat pipe, and connected to the start point and the end point of the winding, the heat absorbing part 22 and the transformer communicating with the heat radiating part outside the transformer T ( T) is composed of a plurality of heat dissipation fins 26 and heat dissipation portions 24 formed of heat pipes mounted on one outer surface.

The end portion of the heat absorbing part 22 is formed by winding the core of the transformer in the form of a conventional winding, and the part for connecting with the external heat dissipating part 24 is a predetermined portion of the transformer outer wall connected to the external heat dissipating part 24. It is located through the bending operation to the position of the working fluid (F) is received inside the heat absorbing portion.

Then, the heat dissipation part 24 is installed in a form in which the heat dissipation part 24 is connected to the upper surface of each of the heat absorbing parts 22.

The heat dissipation part 24 is installed in a form connected to each other end of the heat absorbing part 22, but the heat absorbing part 22 and the heat dissipating part 24 are installed in communication with each other, and an outer circumferential surface of the heat dissipating part 24 is provided. There are a plurality of heat radiation fins 26 for dissipating heat.

Meanwhile, the heat dissipation part 22 and the heat dissipation part 24 may radiate heat to the other end of the heat absorbing part 22 so that the winding heat pipe 1 for cooling the transformer may be installed firmly when installed in the transformer T. The heat pipe penetrates through the hole drilled in the outer wall of the transformer having the same diameter as the heat absorbing portion 22 at the position to be connected to the heat absorbing portion 22, and the heat pipe penetrated through the welding is mounted through welding, and at the same time, the transformer T Prevent leakage of internal insulation oil.

As described above, the transformer cooling winding heat pipe 1 according to the present invention has a predetermined position, that is, the transformer of the winding cooling heat pipe 1 for cooling the transformer T as shown in FIG. 4. The heat pipe penetrates the heat absorbing portion 22 and the heat dissipating portion 24 outside the transformer through the hole formed in the outer wall of the transformer, and the heat pipe penetrates the outer wall and is firmly installed.

First, as the transformer T is operated, heat generated from the transformer in the transformer T is directly absorbed by the superconducting heat pipe forming the winding 10 and the insulating oil 12 accommodated in the transformer T. Heat is transferred to one end of the unit 22.

Then, the heat transferred to the heat absorbing portion 22 vaporizes while the working fluid F accommodated in the heat absorbing portion 22 absorbs heat. In the present invention, the working fluid F accommodated inside the heat absorbing part 22 uses an insulating liquid that is not electrically conductive, and uses working fluids that are commonly used in superconducting heat pipes.

And the vaporized working fluid (F) is moved to the top of the heat dissipating portion 24 while the heat is discharged through the heat dissipation fin 26 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the heat dissipating portion 24, respectively, and the vaporized working fluid (F) is After the liquefaction process, the heat exchange is repeated again.

At this time, the working fluid (F) accommodated in the transformer cooling winding heat pipe (1) is about 20% of the total volume inside the transformer cooling winding heat pipe (1), and the inside of the transformer cooling winding heat pipe (1). Is a vacuum state.

The inside of the transformer cooling winding heat pipe 1 is a vacuum state to prevent the working fluid F from being discharged to the outside during the superconducting and heat exchange process, and the working fluid F is cooled in the transformer. When the internal diameter of the coil winding heat pipe (1) is about 20% of the total volume, as shown in the experimental results below, the temperature inside the transformer T is ideally released to maintain a constant temperature of the transformer T. Because it can.

The heat generated in the transformer T through the heat exchange process as described above when heat is discharged through the transformer cooling winding heat pipe 1 according to the present invention and the heat from the heat sink installed in the existing transformer (T) The effect of the emission is as follows.

* Test condition: 28% ambient temperature, 62% humidity, 40% load factor time
0.5h
1h
3h
5h Cooling method General heatsink cooling 36 ℃ 43 ℃ 51 ℃ 62 ℃ Heat pipe cooling 32 ℃ 35 ℃ 43 ℃ 51 ℃ Deviation 10% 18.6% 8% 17.7%

* Test condition: 28% ambient temperature, 62% humidity, 60% load factor

time
0.5h
1h
3h
5h Cooling method General heatsink cooling 41 ℃ 49 ℃ 61 ℃ 72 ℃ Heatpipe cooling 33 ℃ 41 ℃ 53 ℃ 56 ℃ Deviation 19.5% 16.3% 13.1% 21.1%

* Independent test result of Heat Pipe Research Institute of Sungkyunkwan University

On the other hand, as shown in the above table, the transformer heating winding pipe 1 according to the present invention heats the heat inside the transformer T more effectively than the heat sink 14 installed in the existing transformer T, thereby transforming the transformer T. There is an effect that can maintain the internal temperature at a constant level.

In addition, the winding heat pipe 1 for cooling the transformer is directly and directly from the winding in which the heat generated in the transformer is replaced with a superconducting heat pipe, compared to the principle of cooling through the insulating oil 12 and the heat sink 14 in the conventional transformer T. Indirect endothermic through the insulating oil has the advantage that the effect is higher than the cooling system of the conventional transformer (T).

In addition, the transformer cooling winding heat pipe (1) is simpler in structure than the heat sink 14 installed in the existing transformer (T), the installation area occupies less than the existing heat sink 14, and is operated in a non-powered manner to reduce maintenance costs There is an advantage.

1 is a perspective view showing a transformer according to the prior art.

Figure 2 is a perspective view (side mounting) showing a winding heat pipe for transformer cooling according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the heat pipe for cooling transformer according to the present invention (upper installation)

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view (side installation) showing a state in which the transformer heat pipe for cooling the transformer is installed in the transformer.

5 is a cross-sectional view (top installation) showing a state in which a transformer heat pipe for cooling a transformer is installed in a transformer according to the present invention.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

12: insulating oil 14: heat sink

1: Winding heat pipe for transformer cooling

10: winding 22: heat absorbing portion

24: heat dissipation unit 26: heat dissipation fins

F: working fluid T: transformer

Claims (3)

In a typical transformer in which the heat sink 14 is installed on one side of the insulating oil 12 and the transformer T in which the transformer is embedded, The winding heat pipe 1 for cooling the transformer directly replaces the winding 10, which is a part of the transformer, which is the source of the source of the inside of the transformer T, with a superconducting heat pipe made of a special aluminum or copper tube having an outer diameter of about 8 mm. And an endothermic portion accommodating the working fluid F, which is a non-conductive insulating fluid vaporized as heat is absorbed in parallel with the endothermic through the existing insulating oil 12, and It is connected to the other end of the heat absorbing portion 22 is installed on the outer side or the top of the transformer (T) is in communication with the inside of the heat absorbing portion 22, the working fluid (F) vaporized in the heat absorbing portion 22 generates heat and liquefy inside And a plurality of heat dissipation fins 26 for dissipating heat absorbed by the heat dissipation unit 22 are formed of a plurality of heat dissipation units 24 formed on an outer circumferential surface thereof. According to claim 1, The transformer cooling winding heat pipe (1) inside the transformer cooling winding heat pipe, characterized in that the vacuum state. According to claim 1, The heat dissipation part 24 of the transformer cooling winding heat pipe 1 may be mounted on the upper side or the side surface of the transformer T.

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