KR20100106732A - Dissociation apparatus and method of multi-atomic molecules by making use of latent heat initiated by electron supply - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the decomposition of polyatomic molecules in a gas, and more particularly, to supply electrons into a gas, form polyatomic anions with the supplied electrons, and other polyatomic molecules around the polyatomic anions formed. Its purpose is to decompose polyatomic molecules using heat emitted during aggregation. Gas molecules generally interact with each other by van der Waals forces. When one polyatomic molecule forms a polyatomic anion by electron affinity, it gathers other polyatomic molecules around by the enhanced van der Waals force. In this process, latent heat is released as the phase transition of the aggregated polyatomic molecules occurs, and this heat decomposes some polyatomic molecules. In particular, this method can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by decomposing carbon dioxide emitted from combustion into oxygen and carbon, and make brown gas more easily by decomposing water molecules into oxygen and hydrogen in water vapor. This technology is characterized by the decomposition of a large amount of multiatomic molecules using energy distributed in the environment with a small supply of electrical energy.

Description

Disassembling device and method using latent heat triggered by electron supply {DISSOCIATION APPARATUS AND METHOD OF MULTI-ATOMIC MOLECULES BY MAKING USE OF LATENT HEAT INITIATED BY ELECTRON SUPPLY}

The present invention relates to decomposing polyatomic molecules in a gas. When polyatomic anions are formed by an electron supply in a gas, phase transitions of polyatomic molecules are caused by aggregating other polyatomic molecules around with a reinforced van der Waals force. It is about the decomposition of some polyatomic molecules with latent heat that is generated by generating. This method reduces carbon dioxide emissions by decomposing carbon dioxide emitted during combustion into oxygen and carbon, and relates to the environment and energy fields that make brown gas more easily by decomposing water molecules into oxygen and hydrogen in water vapor.

Even today, humans' main energy source is combustion with high temperature flames. Most of the burning process is oxidation, which releases energy. Human civilization, which burns hydrocarbon fuel and gains energy, faces enormous environmental disasters such as air pollution and greenhouse effect. In order to solve some of these problems, the present invention has developed a technique for decomposing polyatomic molecules. The multi-atomic molecules to be treated in the present invention are gases that are a problem for the global atmospheric environment, carbon dioxide and methane gas, which are the main culprit of the global greenhouse effect, toxic organic substances emitted from various industries and pollute the air, sulfurous acid gas, nitrogen oxide, ammonia And so on. The present invention also focuses on the decomposition of polyatomic water molecules in order to recycle high temperature steam that is discarded.

Gas molecules generally interact with each other by van der Waals forces. The bond energy caused by van der Waals forces is much smaller than the bond energy between atoms in a molecule, but when the molecules are condensed with each other, they become large. Van der Waals forces are generated by permanent electric dipoles, by the polarization of molecules around them, or by the mutual attraction of molecules. If a polyatomic molecule ( M ) encounters an electron ( e ), it forms a polyatomic molecular anion as follows.

^{M + e - → M - (} 1)

In the process, energy is usually released. The amount of energy released is determined by the electron affinity of the molecule. Given that the energy of the electrons released at atmospheric pressure is approximately 1 eV, the energy that the molecules release as they form anions will release significantly more than 1 eV. The anion produced by attaching electrons by electron affinity acts more enhanced van der Waals attraction.

To form many polyatomic anions, more electrons must be released into the gas to be processed. Electrons are usually emitted at the cathode. The stronger the electric field is in the area where electrons are emitted, the more electrons are released. Even for electrodes composed of the same potential difference, the intensity of the electric field of the electron-emitting region is inversely proportional to the radius of curvature of the region. Stronger field lengths are formed in protrusions or pointed areas with a small radius of curvature. Make more protrusions on the negative plate. Thus, the negative plate is made to distribute a lot of needle-like protrusions. How efficiently these protrusions are distributed in the negative electrode plate is directly related to the successful emission of electrons. Electron emission from the cathode to the anode is most efficient during dark discharge. In dark discharge, dark current composed of electrons flows between electrodes, and many electrons exist in space. Corona discharge or arc discharge only causes a large amount of current to flow from the anode to the cathode and does not supply much electrons to the gas space to be treated. Only when dark discharges will more electrons be efficiently provided in the gas.

Let H be the enthalpy of the polyatomic molecule to be processed. Polyatomic anions work around van der Waals attraction, which is enhanced by electrostatic forces. When other polyatomic molecules are gathered around the polyatomic anion by the force of van der Waals, the polyatomic anion decomposes into two molecules ( A and B ) as follows.

^{M - → A - + B (} 2)

Assume that in this decomposition, the electrons are attached to molecule A. Considering about 1 eV of energy that electrons have, the electron affinity causes molecule A to receive much more energy than 1 eV. Let A be the energy emitted by ΔE _M. Therefore, the energy E _D = -H-ΔE _M required for the decomposition process in Equation 2 is supplemented with energy released by condensation and phase transition of other polyatomic molecules.

Let L be the phase transition energy (latent heat) of the polyatomic molecule to be treated. For example, how many polyatoms converge to decompose a polyatomic molecule, as in Equation 2, is determined by the law of energy conservation. The required number of polyatoms n is calculated as n = ( -H-ΔE _M ) / L. After this decomposition, molecule A bonds with other atoms or molecules, shedding cumbersome electrons. At this time, it is a natural phenomenon that the binding force of the molecule A to bond with other atoms or molecules is much stronger than that of the bond with the electron by electron affinity. The former while obtaining energy to some of the molecules A and release in combination with other atoms or molecules are free from molecules A. This free electron again repeats the process of decomposing other multiatomic molecules.

However, most decomposing polyatomic molecules are decomposed by latent heat emitted by a large number of polyatomic molecules, and thus receive energy from latent heat L corresponding to the enthalpy H of the multiatomic molecules required for decomposition. That is, E _D = -H = n L. The multiatomic assemblies (eg nanoparticles) that participated in the decomposition process then receive energy from the gas and evaporate into the gas. Evaporated polyatomic molecules also repeat this decomposition process. As a result, the gas to be treated provides the energy necessary for the decomposition of polyatomic molecules.

The gas supplied energy E _D required for the atom molecule decomposition occurs the energy loss is that loss of energy some Q are part induces temperature fall of the substrate and the loss energy W is the atomic molecular aggregates or part remains without vaporizing in copy or conduction Energy in the back. That is, E _D = Q + W. How much of the lost energy corresponds to radiation or conduction or how many aggregates remain unvaporized is a variable that is determined by the material, structure, etc. that make up the device, and it is not easy to measure or calculate it. Clearly, the energy E _D required for the decomposition of polyatomic molecules is greater than the energy Q causing the temperature drop of the gas.

As you can see, when we supply the system with a small amount of electrical energy to generate electrons, some of the molecules are treated with latent heat, which dissipates while forming a group of molecules to be treated by an anion-enhanced Van der Waals attraction. Disassemble. Most of the energy used is to use energy in the surrounding gas through latent heat. In other words, it uses energy distributed in the environment to decompose the gas to be treated.

The present invention efficiently decomposes polyatomic molecules, which are pollutants that pollute the air contained in various exhaust gases, and an object of the present invention is to supply electrons into the exhaust gases and form polyatomic anions with the supplied electrons. In other words, the polyatomic molecules are decomposed using heat emitted by other polyatomic molecules gathered around the formed polyatomic anions.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to generate a carbon dioxide anion by generating and supplying a large amount of electrons to the exhaust gas discharged during the combustion process and is emitted in the process of making dry ice (carbon dioxide solid) by aggregating other carbon dioxide molecules around the anion It is to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by decomposing carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon with latent heat.

Another object of the present invention is to generate and supply a large amount of electrons to the high temperature water vapor to form a water molecule anion, and the latent heat emitted during the process of aggregating other water molecules around the water molecule anion to create a fine water droplets of some of the water molecules It is to provide a process of making brown gas easily by decomposing to oxygen and hydrogen.

In order to achieve this object, the present invention is characterized in that it comprises an electron generating device capable of producing a large amount of electrons in the space of the gas to be treated.

In the method of decomposing polyatomic molecules by the supply of electrons, a process of supplying a large amount of electrons by dark discharge of the electron generating device, a process of mixing with the electrons generated gas in the gas space to be processed, The process of forming polyatomic anion by electron affinity, the process of gathering and transitioning polyatomic molecules around the polyatomic anion by dissipating latent heat, the process of decomposing a part of polyatomic molecules by latent heat, anion after decomposition Process of repeating the decomposition of polyatomic molecules through the process of falling of electrons, evaporation of aggregates of polyatomic molecules in the processing gas, formation of anions again by free electrons, and the like. It is characterized by decomposition of polyatomic molecules using latent heat triggered by electron supply.

The present invention relates to the decomposition of multi-atomic molecules using latent heat triggered by the electron supply as described above, by mixing electrons and gases produced in large quantities in the gas to be treated and using the electron affinity of the multi-atomic molecules It is to prevent air pollution by decomposing polyatomic molecules with latent heat emitted by molecules gathering and transitioning.

In addition, the present invention generates a carbon dioxide anion by generating and supplying a large amount of electrons to the exhaust gas discharged during the combustion process, the latent heat emitted in the process of making dry ice by aggregating other carbon dioxide molecules around the anion into carbon dioxide and oxygen and carbon Decomposition reduces carbon dioxide emissions, reducing the atmospheric greenhouse effect and improving the atmosphere.

In addition, the present invention generates a carbon dioxide anion by generating and supplying a large amount of electrons in a gas in which carbon dioxide is mixed in a large amount, and by gathering other carbon dioxide molecules around the anion to make dry ice to collect and store separately, the amount of carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas Can be reduced.

In addition, the present invention generates a large number of electrons in the high temperature water vapor to supply water to make a water molecule sound ions, and the other heat molecules around the water molecule ion by the latent heat emitted in the process of making a fine water droplets, some of the water molecules and oxygen It is a brown gas that is easily decomposed into hydrogen and used as fuel to recycle steam emitted at high temperatures.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, in describing the embodiments, descriptions of technical contents that are well known in the technical field to which the present invention belongs and are not directly related to the present invention are omitted. This is to more clearly communicate without obscure the core of the present invention by omitting unnecessary description.

1 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating a configuration of an apparatus for decomposing a polyatomic molecule using latent heat triggered by electron supply according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figure 1, the multi-molecular molecule decomposition device using the latent heat triggered by the electron supply according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gas supply unit 10, the mixing space 20 with the electron generating device, the power to the electron generating device It is characterized by consisting of a high voltage device 30 and a discharge port 40 for supplying the. The gas supply unit 10 may supply a gas to be treated, may be a part of a combustion apparatus, an engine for discharging gas containing contaminants, or a device for discharging waste gas including water vapor. Inside the mixing space 20 is an electron generating device that operates by receiving power from the high voltage device 30. The electron generating device is composed of a positive electrode and a negative electrode and is configured to generate a large amount of electrons in the negative electrode. If necessary, the positive electrode and the negative electrode may be stacked in a plurality of layers. In the mixing space 20, the electrons and the multiatomic molecules are mixed well to generate a large amount of polyatomic anions so that the multiatomic molecules are efficiently decomposed, and the treated exhaust gas is discharged through the outlet 40.

Electrons are generated at the cathode of the electron generating device operating by receiving power from the high voltage device 30, and the cathode surface is configured such that more protrusions are distributed in order to generate a large amount of electrons. Different types of materials and different methods allow more and more protrusions to be distributed on the cathode. The decomposition efficiency of polyatomic molecules is determined by the electrons generated at the cathode.

The processing gas supplied from the gas supply unit 10 is mixed with the electrons generated from the electron generating device in the mixing space 20, and the multiatomic molecules form polyatomic anions by electron affinity, and around the polyatomic anions As other polyatoms gather and transition as they radiate latent heat, some of them are broken down by latent heat. After decomposition, the electrons fall out of the anion and become free electrons, and when the aggregate of polyatomic molecules evaporates again in the processing gas, they form anions again with the free electrons, and the decomposition process of the polyatomic molecules is repeated. It is characterized by the decomposition of polyatomic molecules using latent heat triggered by electron supply, which includes a series of processes.

Carbon dioxide molecules contained in a large amount in the gas provided by the gas supply unit 10 are gathered by the force of the reinforced van der Waals using electrons to collect and store dry ice in large quantities, thereby reducing carbon dioxide emissions.

<Example 1>

One embodiment of the combustion device is an example of decomposing a part of carbon dioxide generated in combustion. City gas (LNG) combusted 20 liters per minute to produce carbon dioxide. At this time, the gas flowing through the blower was 3500 liters per minute. The density of carbon dioxide measured in the gas was 5100 ppm. This figure was numerically consistent with the carbon dioxide content produced by 20 liters of methane burning per minute. The electron generating device of the mixing space 20 is composed of a square anode and a cathode of 30 cm on one side, and the distance between the two electrodes was 15 cm. The anode is a steel plate with many holes, and the cathode is made of copper, fiberglass, carbon fiber, etc. in order to create numerous needle-like protrusions. The electron generator was supplied with 1.2 mA of power at 50 kV. The power supplied was about 60W. When powered, the density of carbon dioxide dropped to 4600 ppm and the temperature of the exhaust gas through outlet 40 dropped from 81 degrees Celsius to 75 degrees Celsius. The supply of electrons reduced carbon dioxide by about 10 percent. Since measurements were taken each time with sufficient time, it is unlikely that carbon dioxide would remain dry ice at high temperatures and obscure the measurement.

The enthalpy H of carbon dioxide is -393.5 kJ / mole. Since 500 ppm of carbon dioxide in gas 3500 lpm (liter per minute) was reduced by electron emission, the amount of reduced carbon dioxide was 1.75 lpm. The energy required to decompose such carbon dioxide is 393.5 × 1.75 / 22.4 = 30.7 kJ / min = 512 W. This value is almost 9 times the 60W power supplied. The specific heat c _p of most treated gases of oxygen and nitrogen is c _p = 29.4 J / mole / deg. As expected, the temperature of the exhaust gas dropped about 5 degrees when the carbon dioxide was reduced, and the energy Q = 29.4 × 3500 × 6 / 22.4 = 27 kJ / min = 450 W from the gas temperature drop was used to decompose the carbon dioxide. In other words, a large portion of the energy needed to decompose carbon dioxide comes from the temperature drop of the gas. The rest is assumed to be energy W subtracted from radiation and convection.

As mentioned above, the enthalpy of carbon dioxide is H = -393.5 kJ / mole. When carbon dioxide decomposes into carbon and oxygen while attaching one electron, the electron affinity energy of carbon is 122.17 kJ / mole when the electron is attached to carbon. The energy of the free electron is estimated to be approximately 1 eV, which corresponds to 96.8 kJ / mole. Thus, the energy released as the electrons attach to the carbon becomes ΔE _M = 219.7 kJ / mole. The latent heat released as carbon dioxide concentrates into dry ice is L = 25.23 kJ / mole. Therefore, the energy required for this decomposition process is sufficient as latent heat from seven carbon dioxide molecules. In fact, the latent heat decomposition process of carbon dioxide is expected to be very complicated, but one example is given here. When the carbon dioxide molecules are concentrated sufficiently to form tens of nm nanoparticles, the latent heat from the process will decompose some neutral carbon dioxide molecules, and the latent heat of 16 carbon dioxide molecules can decompose one carbon molecule. After decomposition, these nanoparticles receive heat from the gas and sublimate back to gas. Sublimated carbon dioxide molecules repeat the process of decomposition with free electrons again. In this context, sufficient free electron supply and relatively high gas temperatures are absolutely necessary.

As shown in this example, very little electrical energy (60W) was supplied to decompose the required 512W of carbon dioxide. Most of the energy required for this decomposition process comes from the energy distributed in the system, including the gas.

<Example 2>

As an example of the recycling of steam that is disposed of at high temperatures, the waste steam is usually mixed with air. However, pure water vapor is considered to simplify the problem. The enthalpy of water vapor is H = -285.8 kJ / mole and the latent heat released by condensation of water into water is L = 44 kJ / mole. At around 100 to 300 degrees Celsius, the specific heat of water vapor is about c _p = 36 J / mole / deg. The energy from a 100-degree steam drop is negligible compared to latent heat. Using a steam generator for washing the carpet, 25 grams of steam per minute is sent from the outside to the gas supply unit 10. 25 grams of water vapor equals 30 lpm at 1 atmosphere. The water vapor is superheated using an auxiliary heater and is sent to the mixing space 20 from the gas supply unit 10 at 150 degrees Celsius. 1.2 mA of power is supplied at 50 kV to the electron generator of the mixing space 20. The power supplied is about 60W.

A water molecule encounters an electron and reacts as follows. It is considered that the reaction takes place in a droplet of water.

_{^{H 2 O + e - → H}} 2 + O - (3)

At this time, the electron affinity of oxygen is 1.47 eV and considering the energy of 1 eV of free electrons, the energy emitted by the oxygen atom is 240 kJ / mole. This oxygen also meets other oxygen and double bonds. Thus, the extra energy required for the decomposition process of equation 3 is enough to release the latent heat released by one other water molecule. In general, decomposing one molecule of water requires latent heat, which is released by the aggregation of 6.5 different water molecules. The best decomposition can produce brown gas with a mixture of 4 lpm hydrogen and 2 lpm oxygen at 30 lpm water vapor. In this case, most of the energy used to decompose water molecules is energy that latent heat dissipates as other water molecules condense into water droplets.

So far, the present invention has been described through examples. In the present specification and drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed, and although specific terms have been used, these are merely used in a general sense to easily explain the technical contents of the present invention and to help understanding of the present invention. It is not intended to limit the scope. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other modifications based on the technical idea of the present invention can be carried out in addition to the embodiments disclosed herein.

1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an apparatus and a method for decomposing polyatomic molecules using latent heat triggered by an electron supply according to the present invention.

Description of the Related Art

10: gas supply unit 20: mixing space

30: high voltage device 40: outlet

Claims (9)

A device for supplying electrons into a gas, forming polyatomic anions with the supplied electrons, and decomposing polyatomic molecules using heat emitted by gathering other polyatomic molecules around the formed polyatomic anions, A gas supply unit providing a processing gas; A mixing space through which the gas from the gas supply part flows; An electron generating device for producing electrons in the mixed space; And An outlet for discharging exhaust gas; Multi-atomic molecule decomposition apparatus using latent heat triggered by the electron supply, comprising a. The method of claim 1, The gas supply unit supplies a gas to be treated and is a part of a combustion device, an engine for discharging gas containing contaminants, or a device for discharging water vapor gas, and the latent heat triggered by an electron supply. Multi-molecule molecular decomposition device using. The method of claim 1, The electron generator, which operates by receiving power from a high voltage device, is composed of a cathode and an anode, and electrons are generated from the cathode. Multi-atomic molecular decomposition device using the latent heat triggered. The method of claim 1, The multiatomic molecule uses latent heat triggered by an electron supply, which includes carbon dioxide, water molecules in water vapor, various harmful organic substances causing air pollution, sulfurous acid gas, nitrogen oxide, etc., which are the main culprit of the greenhouse effect. Atomic Molecular Decomposition Device. In the method of decomposing polyatomic molecules by electron supply, Generating electrons from the electron generating device by dark discharge; Mixing the processing gas supplied from the gas supply unit with the electrons generated in the mixing space; Forming a polyatomic anion by electron affinity by the polyatomic molecules; Dissipating latent heat while other polyatomic molecules aggregate and transition around the polyatomic anion; Decomposing some of the polyatomic molecules by the latent heat; After the decomposition, the electrons are released from the anion and become free electrons again; A process in which the aggregates of the multiatomic molecules evaporate again in the processing gas to become free polyatomic gases; And The process of free electrons again forming polyatomic anions and again decomposing polyatomic molecules, Multi-atomic molecular decomposition method using latent heat triggered by the electron supply, characterized in that it comprises a. The method of claim 5, The gas supply unit supplies a gas to be treated and is a part of a combustion device, an engine for discharging gas containing contaminants, or a device for discharging water vapor gas, and the latent heat triggered by an electron supply. Method of decomposing polyatomic molecules using The method of claim 5, The multi-atomic molecule is a multi-molecular molecule decomposition method using the latent heat triggered by the electron supply, characterized in that the water molecules in the steam, various harmful organic substances causing air pollution, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and the like. In the method of decomposing carbon dioxide in a gas by electron supply, Generating electrons from the electron generating device by dark discharge; Mixing the combustion gas generated by the hydrocarbon combustion with the generated electrons; Forming carbon dioxide anions by electron affinity of carbon dioxide; Dissipating latent heat of 25.23 kJ per mole while the other carbon dioxide molecules aggregate and transition to dry ice around the carbon dioxide anion; Decomposing some of the carbon dioxide molecules by the latent heat; After the decomposition, the electrons are released from the anion and become free electrons again; Fine dry ice particles are evaporated again in the combustion gas to be free carbon dioxide gas; And The free electrons again form carbon dioxide anions, which in turn repeat the decomposition of carbon dioxide molecules, Carbon dioxide decomposition method using latent heat triggered by the electron supply, comprising a. In the method of reducing carbon dioxide in the gas by using the van der Waals attraction reinforced by electron supply, Generating electrons from the electron generating device by dark discharge; Mixing the combustion gas generated by the hydrocarbon combustion with the generated electrons; Forming carbon dioxide anions by electron affinity of carbon dioxide; A process of forming other carbon dioxide molecules around the carbon dioxide anion and forming dry ice, and Collecting and separately storing the formed dry ice; Carbon dioxide reduction method in a gas using an electron, characterized in that it comprises a.

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