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KR20070081884A - Precooler system for reliquefaction system of LNG carrier - Google Patents

Precooler system for reliquefaction system of LNG carrier Download PDF

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KR20070081884A
KR20070081884A KR1020060014133A KR20060014133A KR20070081884A KR 20070081884 A KR20070081884 A KR 20070081884A KR 1020060014133 A KR1020060014133 A KR 1020060014133A KR 20060014133 A KR20060014133 A KR 20060014133A KR 20070081884 A KR20070081884 A KR 20070081884A
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gas
housing
liquefied natural
natural gas
reliquefaction
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KR100758395B1 (en
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유진열
박봉운
김현진
박현기
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대우조선해양 주식회사
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
    • F25J1/0277—Offshore use, e.g. during shipping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G5/00—Recovery of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from gases, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F25J1/0025—Boil-off gases "BOG" from storages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/005—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by expansion of a gaseous refrigerant stream with extraction of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
    • F25J1/007—Primary atmospheric gases, mixtures thereof
    • F25J1/0072—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0203—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0208—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle in combination with an internal quasi-closed refrigeration loop, e.g. with deep flash recycle loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0285—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings
    • F25J1/0288—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings using work extraction by mechanical coupling of compression and expansion of the refrigerant, so-called companders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0292—Refrigerant compression by cold or cryogenic suction of the refrigerant gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/02—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum
    • F25J2205/04—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum in the feed line, i.e. upstream of the fractionation step
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/90—Mixing of components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/04—Mixing or blending of fluids with the feed stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/02—Mixing or blending of fluids to yield a certain product
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/02—Compressor intake arrangement, e.g. filtering or cooling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 액화천연가스(LNG) 운반선의 재액화 시스템용 예냉기장치에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 액화천연가스 운반선의 탱크에서 자연 증발되는 증발가스(BOG;Boil Off Gas)를 재액화 시킬 때 증발가스의 온도를 항해의 종류 및 외부 조건에 관계없이 일정하게 유지하여 재액화 장치의 과부하 방지 및 재액화 효율의 극대화를 이룰 수 있는 액화천연가스 운반선의 재액화 시스템용 예냉기장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a precooler device for a reliquefaction system of a LNG carrier, and more particularly, when re-liquefying boil off gas (BOG) naturally evaporated in a tank of a LNG carrier. The present invention relates to a precooler system for a reliquefaction system of a liquefied natural gas carrier, which maintains a constant temperature regardless of the type of navigation and external conditions, thereby preventing overload of the reliquefaction device and maximizing reliquefaction efficiency.

본 발명의 목적은, 액화천연가스와 증발가스의 혼합을 효율적으로 함과 아울러 액적이 증발가스와 함께 압축기로 공급되는 것을 효율적으로 차단함으로써, 압축기 및 재액화 시스템의 불안정한 작동을 해소할 수 있는 액화천연가스 운반선의 재액화 시스템용 예냉기장치를 제공함에 있다.It is an object of the present invention to efficiently liquefied natural gas and evaporated gas, and to effectively prevent the droplets from being supplied to the compressor with the boil-off gas, thereby eliminating the unstable operation of the compressor and the reliquefaction system. The present invention provides a precooling device for reliquefaction systems of natural gas carriers.

상기한 목적을 실현하기 위하여 본 발명은, 저장탱크(50)에서 발생된 증발가스가 인입 파이프(58)를 통해 인입 되도록 형성된 하우징(59)과, 상기한 하우징(59)에 설치되어 운무상태인 증발 가스를 걸러내어 증발가스만이 압축기(51)로 공급되도록 하는 액적추출기(61)를 포함하는 액화천연가스 운반선의 재액화 시스템용 예냉기장치에 있어서,In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, the housing 59 is formed so that the evaporated gas generated in the storage tank 50 is drawn through the inlet pipe 58, and the operating state is installed in the housing 59 In the precooler apparatus for reliquefaction system of liquefied natural gas carrier which includes the droplet extractor 61 which filters the evaporation gas and only evaporation gas is supplied to the compressor 51,

상기한 인입 파이프(58)를 통해 하우징(59)으로 유입되는 증발가스가 하우징(59)으로 들어오는 즉시 충돌하여 방향이 하향되면서 액적이 낙하되도록 구성된 차단부재(1)와, 상기한 액적추출기(61)를 통과한 액화천연가스를 다시 인입 파이프 (58)로 인출하여 증발가스가 하우징(59)으로 인입 되기전에 증발가스와 액화천연가스를 혼합하도록 설치된 공급 파이프(2)를 포함함을 특징으로 한다.The blocking member 1 and the droplet extractor 61 configured to drop as the vaporized gas flowing into the housing 59 through the inlet pipe 58 enters the housing 59 as soon as it enters the housing 59 and moves downward. It is characterized in that it comprises a supply pipe (2) installed to mix the liquefied natural gas passed through the liquefied natural gas to the inlet pipe (58) before the evaporated gas is introduced into the housing (59) .

Description

액화천연가스 운반선의 재액화 시스템용 예냉기장치{Pre-cooler for reliquefaction system of LNG carrier}Pre-cooler for reliquefaction system of LNG carrier

도1은 본 발명에 따른 액화천연가스(LNG) 운반선의 재액화 시스템용 예냉기장치를 도시한 개략도,1 is a schematic diagram showing a precooler device for a reliquefaction system of a LNG carrier according to the present invention;

도2는 일반적인 액화천연가스 운반선용 재액화 시스템을 도시한 개략도,Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing a reliquefaction system for a general LNG carrier;

도3은 도2에서 예냉기장치를 도시한 상세도.Figure 3 is a detailed view of the precooler device in FIG.

<도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명><Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings>

1: 차단부재 2: 공급 파이프1: blocking member 2: supply pipe

3: 혼합부재 50: 저장탱크3: mixing member 50: storage tank

51: 재액화 압축기 58: 인입파이프51: reliquefaction compressor 58: inlet pipe

59: 하우징59: housing

본 발명은 액화천연가스(LNG) 운반선의 재액화 시스템용 예냉기장치에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 액화천연가스 운반선의 탱크에서 자연 증발되는 증발가스(BOG;Boil Off Gas)를 재액화시킬 때 증발가스의 온도를 항해의 종류 및 외부 조건에 관계없이 일정하게 유지하여 재액화 장치의 과부하 방지 및 재액화효율의 극대화를 이룰 수 있는 액화천연가스 운반선의 재액화 시스템용 예냉기장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a precooler device for a reliquefaction system of a LNG carrier, and more particularly, when reliquefying boil off gas (BOG) naturally evaporated in a tank of a LNG carrier. The present invention relates to a precooler system for a reliquefaction system of a liquefied natural gas carrier, which maintains a constant temperature regardless of the type of navigation and external conditions, thereby preventing overload of the reliquefaction device and maximizing reliquefaction efficiency.

일반적으로, 액화천연가스 즉, LNG(Liquified Petroleum Gas)는 메탄을 주성분으로 하는 천연가스(NG;Natural Gas)를 영하 162℃의 초저온 상태로 냉각하여 그 부피를 대략 1/600정도로 감소시킨 것이다.In general, liquefied natural gas, that is, LNG (Liquified Petroleum Gas) is a natural gas (NG; natural gas) containing methane as the main component is cooled to an extremely low temperature of minus 162 ℃ to reduce the volume to approximately 1/600.

상기한 액화천연가스를 에너지원으로 사용하기 위해서는 액화천연가스(LNG)의 생산기지로부터 수요자까지 대량 이송하는 것이 필요하게 되는 바, 이를 위해 액화천연가스 운반선이 필요하게 된다.In order to use the liquefied natural gas as an energy source, a large amount of liquefied natural gas (LNG) needs to be transported from the production base to the consumer, and for this, a liquefied natural gas carrier is required.

즉, 천연가스의 생산지인 로딩(Loading)항구에서 기체 상태인 천연가스를 초저온 상태로 액화시켜 액화천연가스 운반선의 저장탱크에 저장함과 아울러 언로딩(Unloading)항구에 도착한 후에는 초저온의 액화천연가스를 기화시켜 천연가스로 변환시킨 후, 이를 배관 등을 통해 수요자에게 공급하게 되는 것이다.That is, liquefied natural gas in a gaseous state at the loading port, the place of production of natural gas, is stored in a storage tank of a liquefied natural gas carrier and, after arriving at an unloading port, liquefied natural gas at low temperature. After converting the gas into natural gas, it is supplied to the consumer through piping and the like.

상기한 액화천연가스 운반선은 액화천연가스를 저장하도록 구형 독립탱크 방식 또는 멤브레인 방식의 탱크를 설비하고 있는 바, 멤브레인 방식의 경우에는 운반선의 화물창에 액화천연가스를 저장하여 운반하게 된다.The liquefied natural gas carrier is equipped with a spherical independent tank type or a membrane type tank to store the liquefied natural gas. In the case of the membrane type, the liquefied natural gas is stored and transported in the cargo hold of the carrier.

여기서, 상기한 운반선으로 액화천연가스를 운반할 때, 상기한 탱크에 외부의 열(태양열등)이 가해짐으로써 액화천연가스중 일부가 증발하여 증발가스(BOG;Boil Off Gas)가 대략 저장량의 0.15%정도씩 발생된다.Here, when transporting the liquefied natural gas to the carrier, the external heat (solar heat, etc.) is applied to the tank, so that some of the liquefied natural gas evaporates, and the BOG (Boil Off Gas) is approximately the amount of storage. It is about 0.15%.

상기한 증발가스는 도2에 도시된 바와 같은 재액화 시스템에 의해 액화되어 재사용되는 바, 이는 액화천연가스 저장탱크(50)에서 증발된 증발가스를 냉각시키는 예냉기(51)와, 상기한 예냉기(51)를 통과한 증발가스를 압축시키는 재액화 압축기(52)와, 상기한 압축기(52)를 통과한 증발가스를 응축시켜 액화시키는 응축기(53)와, 상기한 응축기(53)에서 액화된 증발가스를 저장탱크(50)에 다시 되돌려 보내게 된다.The boil-off gas is liquefied and reused by the reliquefaction system as shown in FIG. 2, which is a precooler 51 for cooling the boil-off gas evaporated in the liquefied natural gas storage tank 50, and the above-described example. Reliquefaction compressor 52 for compressing the boil-off gas passing through the cold air 51, a condenser 53 for condensing and liquefying the boil-off gas passed through the compressor 52, and liquefaction in the condenser 53 The evaporated gas is returned to the storage tank 50 again.

여기서, 상기한 응축기(53)로 공급된 증발가스는 터빈(55)과 열교환기(56) 및 다수의 냉각기(57)를 통과하면서 온도는 더욱 하강되고 압력은 증가된다.Here, while the boil-off gas supplied to the condenser 53 passes through the turbine 55, the heat exchanger 56, and the plurality of coolers 57, the temperature is further lowered and the pressure is increased.

상기한 예냉기(51)는 도3에 도시된 바와 같이 증발가스가 인입 파이프(58)를 통해 저면으로 인입되도록 형성된 하우징(59)과, 상기한 하우징(59)의 내부에 코일 형태로 권취됨과 아울러 압축 냉각된 액화천연가스가 공급되어 하우징(59)에서 기화되고 상기한 인입 파이프(58)의 하우징(59) 인입 전에 가스와 혼합되도록 연결된 냉각 파이프(60)와, 상기한 냉각 파이프(60)의 상면에 위치되도록 하우징(59)에 설치되어 운무상태인 증발 가스를 걸러내어 증발가스만이 압축기(52)로 공급되도록 하는 액적추출기(61)로 이루어져 있다.As shown in FIG. 3, the precooler 51 is a housing 59 formed so that the boil-off gas is introduced into the bottom surface through the inlet pipe 58, and wound in a coil form inside the housing 59. In addition, the cooling pipe 60 and the cooling pipe 60 connected to be supplied with compression-cooled liquefied natural gas is vaporized in the housing 59 and mixed with the gas before the housing 59 of the inlet pipe 58 is introduced, It is installed in the housing 59 so as to be located on the upper surface of the liquid extractor 61 to filter the evaporated gas in the air so that only the evaporated gas is supplied to the compressor (52).

즉, 초저온으로 냉각된 액화천연가스가 냉각파이프(60)를 통해 하우징(59) 내부를 통과하면서 증발가스를 냉각시키고, 액적추출기(61)에서 증발가스만을 걸러내어 압축기(51)로 공급하도록 하는 것이다.That is, the liquefied natural gas cooled to ultra low temperature passes through the housing 59 through the cooling pipe 60 to cool the evaporated gas, and filters only the evaporated gas from the droplet extractor 61 to supply the compressor 51 to the compressor 51. will be.

여기서, 상기한 액화천연가스(LNG)는 대략 -160℃정도의 온도이고, 증발가스는 -40∼-140℃정도의 온도 변화를 갖게 된다.Here, the liquefied natural gas (LNG) has a temperature of about -160 ° C, and the evaporated gas has a temperature change of about -40 to -140 ° C.

또한, 상기한 하우징(59)의 저면에는 액적 제거를 위한 드레인 밸브(D)가 설 치되어 있을 뿐만 아니라 액화천연가스의 공급을 제어하도록 공급 파이프에 콘트롤 밸브(CV)가 설치되어 있다.In addition, a drain valve (D) for removing droplets is installed on the bottom of the housing (59), and a control valve (CV) is provided in the supply pipe to control the supply of liquefied natural gas.

그러나, 상기한 바와 같이 항해의 종류 및 외부 환경 조건에 따라 증발가스의 온도 변화 폭이 너무 크기 때문에 압축기로 공급되는 증발가스의 온도차이 역시 너무 크게 되고, 이로 인해 압축기의 압축 작동에 과부하가 걸리거나 재액화 시스템 전체에 과부하게 걸리게 되어 재액화 시스템의 작동이 불안정하게 되는 문제점이 있다.However, as described above, the temperature difference of the boil-off gas supplied to the compressor is too large because the temperature variation of the boil-off gas is too large according to the type of sailing and the external environmental conditions, and thus the compression operation of the compressor is overloaded. There is a problem that the operation of the reliquefaction system is unstable as the entire reliquefaction system is overloaded.

따라서, 본 발명의 목적은 상기한 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로서, 액화천연가스와 증발가스의 혼합을 효율적으로 함과 아울러 액적이 증발가스와 함께 압축기로 공급되는 것을 효율적으로 차단하고 재액화 장치로 유입되는 증발가스의 온도를 항상 일정하게 유지시켜 줌으로써, 압축기 및 재액화 시스템의 불안정한 작동을 해소할 수 있는 액화천연가스 운반선의 재액화 시스템용 예냉기장치를 제공함에 있다.Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and to efficiently mix the liquefied natural gas and the evaporated gas, and to effectively prevent the droplets from being supplied to the compressor together with the evaporated gas and to flow into the reliquefaction apparatus It is to provide a pre-cooling device for the reliquefaction system of the liquefied natural gas carriers by maintaining the constant temperature of the boil-off gas to be always constant, which can eliminate the unstable operation of the compressor and the reliquefaction system.

상기한 목적을 실현하기 위하여 본 발명은, 저장탱크에서 발생된 증발가스가 인입 파이프를 통해 인입되도록 형성된 하우징과, 상기한 하우징에 설치되어 운무상태인 증발 가스를 걸러내어 증발가스만이 압축기로 공급되도록 하는 액적추출기를 포함하는 액화천연가스 운반선의 재액화 시스템용 예냉기장치에 있어서,In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, the housing formed so that the evaporated gas generated in the storage tank is drawn through the inlet pipe, and the evaporative gas is installed in the housing to filter the evaporated gas is supplied only to the compressor In the precooler device for reliquefaction system of liquefied natural gas carrier including a droplet extractor,

상기한 인입 파이프를 통해 하우징으로 유입되는 증발가스가 하우징으로 들어오는 즉시 충돌하여 방향이 하향되면서 수분이 낙하되도록 구성된 차단부재와, 상기한 액적추출기를 통과한 액화천연가스를 다시 인입 파이프로 인출하여 증발가스가 하우징으로 인입되기전에 증발가스와 액화천연가스를 혼합하도록 설치된 공급 파이프를 포함함을 특징으로 한다.The evaporating gas introduced into the housing through the inlet pipe collides immediately after entering the housing, and the barrier member is configured to drop water while falling in direction, and the liquefied natural gas passing through the droplet extractor is evaporated again by the inlet pipe. And a feed pipe installed to mix the boil-off gas and the liquefied natural gas before the gas enters the housing.

도1은 본 발명에 따른 액화천연가스 운반선의 재액화 시스템용 예냉기장치를 도시한 개략도로서, 인입 파이프(58)를 통해 하우징(59)으로 유입되는 증발가스가 하우징(59)으로 들어오는 즉시 충돌하여 방향이 하향되면서 수분이 낙하되도록 구성된 차단부재(1)와, 상기한 수분 추출기를 통과한 액화천연가스를 다시 인입 파이프(58)로 인출하여 증발가스가 하우징(59)으로 인입되기전에 증발가스와 액화천연가스를 혼합하도록 설치된 공급 파이프(2)와, 상기한 증발가스와 액화천연가스가 혼합된 상태에서 하우징(59)으로 유입되기 전에 이를 혼합하도록 설치된 혼합부재(3)로 이루어져 있다.1 is a schematic diagram showing a precooler device for a reliquefaction system of a liquefied natural gas carrier according to the present invention, in which an evaporation gas flowing into a housing 59 through an inlet pipe 58 is immediately impacted upon entering the housing 59. And the liquefied natural gas passing through the water extractor and the liquefied natural gas passing through the above water extractor to the inlet pipe 58 again, and the evaporated gas before the evaporated gas is introduced into the housing 59. And a supply pipe 2 installed to mix the liquefied natural gas, and a mixing member 3 installed to mix the evaporated gas and the liquefied natural gas before they enter the housing 59 in a mixed state.

즉, 상기한 공급파이프(2)로 공급된 액화천연가스와 인입파이프(58)로 공급된 증발가스가 혼합된 상태에서 혼합 부재(3)에 의해 균일하게 혼합되면서 일정한 온도가 되고, 균일하게 혼합된 액화천연가스와 증발가스의 혼합체가 하우징(59)에 유입되면서 차단부재(1)에 충돌하게 되는 바, 차단부재(1)에 충돌하면 가벼운 가스 성분은 액적추출기(61)를 통해 압축기(51)로 공급되고, 무거운 액적은 하우징(59) 저면으로 낙하하게 되는 것이다.That is, the liquefied natural gas supplied to the supply pipe 2 and the boil-off gas supplied to the inlet pipe 58 are uniformly mixed by the mixing member 3 while being uniformly mixed and uniformly mixed. When the mixture of the liquefied natural gas and the evaporated gas is introduced into the housing 59 and collides with the blocking member 1, the light gas component is impinged by the droplet extractor 61 through the droplet extractor 61. ), And the heavy droplets fall to the bottom of the housing (59).

상기한 혼합부재(3)는 일반적으로 상태가 상이한 2종류의 가스를 혼합하기 위해 사용하는 것을 적용한 것인 바, 예를 들면 가스가 회전 또는 와류를 일으키면 서 균일하게 혼합되도록 하는 것을 사용하면 된다.In general, the mixing member 3 is used to mix two kinds of gases having different states. For example, the mixing member 3 may be used such that the gases are uniformly mixed while causing rotation or vortex.

여기서, 대략 -160℃정도인 액화천연가스와 -40∼-140℃정도인 증발가스가 혼합부재(3)에 의해 균일하게 혼합되면 대략 중간 온도인 혼합 가스가 형성되면 균일한 비율로 혼합된 가스에서의 액적 발생이 보다 감소하게 된다.Here, when the liquefied natural gas at about -160 ° C and the evaporation gas at about -40 to -140 ° C are uniformly mixed by the mixing member 3, when the mixed gas at about medium temperature is formed, the gas is mixed at a uniform ratio. The occurrence of droplets at s is more reduced.

즉, 가스의 온도가 부분적으로 불균일하게 되면 이 부분에서 집중적으로 액적 발생이 많아지게 되지만, 가스의 온도가 매우 균일하게 되면 액적의 발생이 보다 적어지게 되는 것이다.In other words, if the temperature of the gas is partially uneven, the droplets are concentrated in this area, but if the temperature of the gas is very uniform, the droplets are less generated.

상기한 바와 같은 본 발명의 작용 효과를 설명하면 저장 탱크(50)에서 증발가스(BOG)가 발생되면, 상기한 증발가스는 인입 파이프(58)를 통해 하우징(59)으로 유입된다.Referring to the operation and effect of the present invention as described above, when the boil-off gas (BOG) is generated in the storage tank 50, the boil-off gas is introduced into the housing 59 through the inlet pipe 58.

이때, 공급 파이프(2)를 통해 액적추출기(61)를 통과한 액화천연가스가 공급됨과 아울러 상기한 인입 파이프(58)에서 증발가스와 혼합되고, 상기한 액화천연가스와 증발가스의 혼합가스는 혼합부재(3)로 유입된다.At this time, the liquefied natural gas passing through the droplet extractor 61 through the supply pipe 2 is supplied and mixed with the boil-off gas in the inlet pipe 58, and the mixed gas of the liquefied natural gas and the boil-off gas is It is introduced into the mixing member (3).

여기서, 상기한 증발가스와 액화천연가스가 혼합부재(3)에 의해 균일하게 혼합되면 가스의 온도가 균일하기 때문에 가스 자체에서 발생되는 결로 현상도 감소하게 된다.Here, when the evaporated gas and the liquefied natural gas are uniformly mixed by the mixing member 3, the condensation phenomenon generated in the gas itself is also reduced because the temperature of the gas is uniform.

혼합부재(3)로 유입된 혼합가스는 혼합부재(3)에서 균일하게 혼합되면서 혼합가스 전체가 매우 균일한 온도가 됨과 아울러 상기한 혼합가스가 하우징(59)으로 유입되면서 차단부재(1)에 충돌하게 된다.The mixed gas introduced into the mixing member 3 is uniformly mixed in the mixing member 3 while the whole mixed gas becomes a very uniform temperature and the mixed gas flows into the housing 59 to the blocking member 1. Will crash.

차단부재(1)에 혼합가스가 충돌하게 되면 하향 낙하하게 되는 바, 상기한 혼 합가스에 포함된 액적은 하우징(59) 저면으로 낙하되고, 중량이 가벼운 가스는 하우징(59) 상부로 상승하게 된다.When the mixed gas collides with the blocking member 1, the mixed gas falls downward. The droplets contained in the mixed gas fall to the bottom of the housing 59, and the lighter gas is raised above the housing 59. do.

즉, 상기한 차단부재(1)가 일차적으로 가스와 액적 모두를 차단하여 하향시킴으로써, 중량이 무거운 액적은 낙하하여 하우징(59) 저면의 드레인 밸브(D)를 통해 다시 저장탱크(50)로 유입되도록 하고, 중량이 가벼운 가스는 다시 상승하여 하우징 상부의 수분 추출기(61)를 통과하도록 하는 것이다.That is, since the blocking member 1 primarily blocks both the gas and the droplets and descends, heavy droplets drop and fall back into the storage tank 50 through the drain valve D on the bottom of the housing 59. And the lighter gas is raised again to pass through the water extractor 61 at the top of the housing.

혼합부재(3) 및 차단부재(1)에 의해 액적이 효율적으로 제거된 가스가 액적추출기(61)를 통과하게 되면 잔존하는 액적이 완전하게 제거되고, 이 상태의 가스가 재액화 압축기(51)로 공급된다.When the gas efficiently removed by the mixing member 3 and the blocking member 1 passes through the droplet extractor 61, the remaining liquid droplets are completely removed, and the gas in this state is reliquefied compressor 51. Is supplied.

액적이 완벽하게 제거되고 온도가 항해의 종류 및 외부 조건에 관계없이 균일한 가스가 재액화 압축기(51)로 공급되면 압축기(51)의 작동에 과부하가 발생되지 않을 뿐만 아니라 재액화 시스템 전체적으로 과부하가 걸리지 않게 된다.When the droplets are completely removed and the temperature is supplied to the reliquefaction compressor 51 irrespective of the type of sailing and external conditions, the operation of the compressor 51 is not overloaded and the overload of the reliquefaction system as a whole is not overloaded. It is not caught.

이상과 같이 본 발명은 하우징으로 유입되는 증발가스 및 액화천연가스를 혼합하여 혼합부재로 균일 혼합함과 아울러 하우징에 유입될 때 차단부재로 액적을 하향시켜 분리하도록 함으로써, 재액화 압축기에 공급되는 가스의 액적을 제거하고 온도를 항해의 종류 및 외부 조건에 관계없이 균일하게 하여 재액화 효율 향상 및 재액화 시스템의 과부하를 방지할 수 있는 잇점이 있는 것이다.As described above, the present invention mixes the boil-off gas and the liquefied natural gas flowing into the housing to uniformly mix with the mixing member, and separates the droplet into the blocking member when it enters the housing, thereby separating and supplying the gas to the reliquefaction compressor. By removing the droplets and making the temperature uniform regardless of the type of sailing and external conditions, the reliquefaction efficiency can be improved and the overload of the reliquefaction system can be prevented.

Claims (2)

저장탱크에서 발생된 증발가스가 인입 파이프를 통해 인입되도록 형성된 하우징과, 상기한 하우징에 설치되어 운무상태인 증발 가스를 걸러내어 증발가스만이 압축기로 공급되도록 하는 액적추출기를 포함하는 액화천연가스 운반선의 재액화 시스템용 예냉기장치에 있어서,LNG carrier including a housing formed so that the evaporated gas generated from the storage tank is drawn in through the inlet pipe, and a droplet extractor installed in the housing to filter the evaporated gas in a working state so that only the evaporated gas is supplied to the compressor. In the precooler device for reliquefaction system of 상기한 인입 파이프를 통해 하우징으로 유입되는 증발가스가 하우징으로 들어오는 즉시 충돌하여 방향이 하향되면서 액적이 낙하되도록 구성된 차단부재와, 상기한 액적추출기를 통과한 액화천연가스를 다시 인입 파이프로 인출하여 증발가스가 하우징으로 인입되기전에 증발가스와 액화천연가스를 혼합하도록 설치된 공급 파이프를 포함함을 특징으로 하는 액화천연가스 운반선의 재액화 시스템용 예냉기장치.As soon as the boil-off gas entering the housing through the inlet pipe collides with the housing, the blocking member is configured to drop in the direction and the liquid is dropped. A precooler system for a reliquefaction system of a liquefied natural gas carrier, characterized by comprising a supply pipe installed to mix evaporated gas and liquefied natural gas before gas is introduced into the housing. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기한 증발가스와 액화천연가스가 혼합된 상태에서 하우징으로 유입되기 전에 이를 균일하게 믹싱하도록 인입 파이프에 설치된 혼합부재를 포함함을 특징으로 하는 액화천연가스 운반선의 재액화 시스템용 예냉기장치.And a mixing member installed in the inlet pipe so as to uniformly mix the evaporated gas and the liquefied natural gas before entering the housing in a mixed state.
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CN107883672A (en) * 2017-10-25 2018-04-06 中石化广州工程有限公司 A kind of vertical liquefied natural gas after-condenser device
CN108020024A (en) * 2017-11-01 2018-05-11 中石化广州工程有限公司 Liquefied natural gas after-condenser device
CN115978911A (en) * 2023-01-28 2023-04-18 中科富海(杭州)气体工程科技有限公司 Precooling system and air separation device
CN117282208A (en) * 2022-06-20 2023-12-26 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Pretreatment device for natural gas exploitation

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KR100441857B1 (en) * 2002-03-14 2004-07-27 대우조선해양 주식회사 Boil off gas rel iquefaction method and system assembly of Liquefied natural gas carrier
KR200403633Y1 (en) 2005-09-08 2005-12-12 주식회사 동화엔텍 Pre-cooling system of boil-off gas from LNG

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107883672A (en) * 2017-10-25 2018-04-06 中石化广州工程有限公司 A kind of vertical liquefied natural gas after-condenser device
CN107883672B (en) * 2017-10-25 2019-10-22 中石化广州工程有限公司 A kind of vertical liquefied natural gas after-condenser device
CN108020024A (en) * 2017-11-01 2018-05-11 中石化广州工程有限公司 Liquefied natural gas after-condenser device
CN117282208A (en) * 2022-06-20 2023-12-26 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Pretreatment device for natural gas exploitation
CN115978911A (en) * 2023-01-28 2023-04-18 中科富海(杭州)气体工程科技有限公司 Precooling system and air separation device

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