KR20050082382A - Rhus verniciflua extract using for controlling anaerobic bacteria preventing to fat up the fowls, feed containing rhus verniciflua extract and thereof feeding method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a microbial inhibitory lacquer extract ( Rhus verniciflua ) extract composition, a feed containing a lacquer ( Rhus verniciflua ) extract composition for inhibiting broiler growth and broiler feed method.

In the present invention, the feed containing lacquer extract in the feed experiment, broiler feed, weight gain, feed requirements, digestibility analysis for the measurement of basic feed and excreta of the broiler, E. coli, Salmonella and total microbial counts of the cecum contents and excreta, heart By measuring the size development of the ileum and the cecum, and the digestibility of nutrient use, the present invention proved that the feed of lacquer extract reduced the intestinal pathogenic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella, and had a significant effect on the growth of broilers. In this case, it is possible to substitute the lacquer extract to reduce the accumulation of antibiotics in the human body due to the ingestion of meat that is exposed to mass exposure of antibiotics.

Description

Rhus verniciflua extract using for controlling anaerobic bacteria preventing to fat up the fowls, feed containing Rhus verniciflua extract and feeding feeding method }

The present invention relates to an anaerobic bacterium inhibiting lacquer extract ( Rhus verniciflua ) extract composition, feed containing the lacquer extract composition and broiler feed method for inhibiting broiler growth.

There is a growing interest in the production of livestock products free from antibiotic residues, which has become a problem in conventional livestock production methods due to the focus on the production of clean and safe food products worldwide (AAFCO, 1986). However, the use of antibiotics during the production process is inevitable due to changes in the production scale of livestock, which are becoming more concentrated and larger. Antimicrobial activity of substances produced in plants (Tan et al., 1998; Kim Hyun-Chul) to avoid the damage of antibiotic residue and increased resistance due to meat produced by the use of these antibiotics (Magic, 1987; Tae-Jong Kim and Ik-Chun Kim, 1991; Lee Ju-Hong et al., 1998). Et al., 2001; and Sim Jin-young et al., 2000). Natural substances have been used in the production of livestock (Kang, Han-seok, 2003). Lacquer tree ( Rhus verniciflua or Anacardicea ), a deciduous tree of dicotyledonous plants, is warm in nature, very tasteful and poisonous, and it has been reported to kill insects of three species and wartime insects (Shin Min-kyo, 1986; Ji and Lee, 1989; Drug database, 1996). In addition, the wood (Najeon Lacquerware) painted lacquer essence is said not to be eaten by the worms during the preservation process. However, if the sap of the sumac comes in contact with the skin, it sometimes causes allergic reactions such as hyperemia, itching, and blisters, including hypersensitivity dermatitis (Kook Hong-il and Woo Tae-ha, 1971; Lee Sung-rak, 1997; Kim Tae-hong et al., 2002). . The main component of the lacquer is colorless transparent urushiol, which is oxidized with air and turns black to become lacquer. Urushiol has a high hardness and beautiful luster and does not change well even with acid, alkali and high temperature above 70 ° C (Kim Sam-sik and Purine Min, 1995).

Meanwhile, Korea's broiler industry has achieved both quantitative and qualitative growth due to the expansion of management scale, systematization and establishment of production system, but in the reality that chicken imports are rapidly increasing under the WTO system, it has the flexibility to be competitive in both domestic and overseas markets. The establishment of a production system is required.

An object of the present invention for solving the above problems is anaerobic bacterium inhibiting lacquer extract composition for inhibiting broiler proliferation extracted from the bark of Rhus verniciflua for inhibiting anaerobic bacteria inhibiting broiler proliferation, more specifically the above The anaerobic bacteria are Salmonella, E. coli to provide a lacquer extract composition for inhibiting anaerobic bacteria inhibiting broiler growth.

In another aspect, the present invention is to provide a broiler feed for anaerobic bacteria inhibition inhibiting broiler growth containing the lacquer extract composition.

The present invention for solving the above-described technical problem relates to an anaerobic bacterium inhibiting lacquer extract ( Rhus verniciflua ) extract composition, feed containing the lacquer extract composition and broiler feed method for inhibiting broiler growth.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be described in more detail.

Drying 500 to 700 g of oak bark in daylight as shown in FIG. 1 for 3 to 5 days; Grinding the dried oak bark into 30 to 100 mesh; 15 to 20 L of ethyl alcohol is added to the ground oak bark and extracted by heating at 60 to 80 ° C. for 3 to 4 hours; Adding 30 to 60 L of distilled water to the extract and heating it at 5 to 10 L at 50 to 60 ° C; Filtering the heated oak bark solution; Preparing a lacquer extract composition by autoclaving the filtrate at 80 to 100 ° C. for 20 to 40 seconds; The lacquer extract composition is added to the blended feed to prepare broiler feed containing the lacquer extract composition.

The lacquer extract composition of the feed additive used in the broiler feed is divided into 500ppm, 1000ppm and 2000ppm to prepare a blended feed, and the specifications of 320 broilers are 80 control each (Control), test group 1 (Treatment 1: T1), test Divided into Group 2 (Treatment 2: T2), Test Group 3 (Treatment 3: T3) to vary the amount of lacquer extract composition is specified as a feed containing the lacquer extract composition.

In order to investigate the effect of the feed containing the lacquer extract composition prepared on broiler chickens from the 43rd day after the start of the specification ⑴ feed intake, weight gain, feed requirements, 분석 analysis of basic feed and excreta, ⑶ cecum contents and Determination of E. coli, Salmonella and total microbial counts in excreta, determination of size development of heart, ileum and cecum, and digestibility of nutrient use.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be described in detail through examples, test examples, diagrams, and drawings. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the claims of the present invention by examples, test examples, diagrams and drawings.

Example 1

600 g of oak bark was dried for 4 days in daylight and the dried oak bark was crushed into 50 mesh. 15 liters of ethyl alcohol was added to the ground oak bark, and extracted by heating at 70 ° C. for 3 hours. 50 L of distilled water was added to the extract, heated to 60 L at 60 ° C., filtered with a filtration filter for purification, and sterilized at 90 ° C. for 30 seconds to prepare lacquer extract. 500 ppm of the lacquer extract was added to the blended feed to prepare a broiler feed containing the lacquer extract.

Example 2

Except for the lacquer extract 1000ppm in Example 1 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1.

Example 3

Except for 2000ppm lacquer extract in Example 1 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1.

In the following test example, the effect of the present invention on broiler was tested by specifying as broiler feed containing the lacquer extract prepared above.

Test Example 1

This test was conducted on experimental farms in Gyeongsangbuk-do for seven weeks from March 20 to May 7. The basic feed was mainly corn-soybean meal, with 20.0% crude protein in the first (0-3 weeks) and 18.0% crude protein in the later (4-7 weeks).

 Components of Basic Diet for Starter and Finisher of Chicken Composition  Starter  Finisher Corn 46.31 61.33 Soybean meal 36.04 30.22 Wheat bran 10.00 3.00 Soybean oil 4.32 1.12 Dicalcium phosphate 1.16 1.62 Limestone 1.40 1.07 Fish meal 1.00 Common salt 0.40 0.40 DL-methionine 0.16 0.05 Vitamin premix ¹ 0.10 0.10 Mineral premix ² 0.10 0.10 Total 100.00 100.00 Chemical composition Starter Finisher Mercaptane (ME ㎉ / g) 3.200 3.200  Crude protein (%) 21.00 19.00  Choline (%) 1.395 1.274  Methionine (%) 0.501 0.390  Methionine + Cysteine (Met + Cys,%) 0.831 0.699  Lysine (%) 1.179 1.084 * Vitamin Premix contains Vitamin A 5,500 IU; Vitamin D ₃ 1100 ICU; Vitamin E 10 IU; Riboflavin 4.4 mg; Vitamin B _{12 12} mg; Nicotinic acid 44 mg; Menadione 1.1 mg; Biotin 0.11 mg; Thiamine 2.2 mg; It contains 125 mg of exixiquin. * Mineral premix is manganese (Mn) 80 mg; 60 mg of zinc (Zn); Iron (Fe) 40 mg; 4.5 mg of copper (Cu); 1.0 mg cobalt (Co); 0.5 mg of iodine (I); It contains 0.15 mg of selenium (Se).

Test Example 2 Animals, Specimen Management and Test Design

In the present invention, 320 days of broiler Ross undifferentiated weight of 1-day-old was disclosed in four treatment groups in four repetitions. After one week of the preliminary test, the test zones were divided into control, test zones 1, 2, and 3 and placed in 80 numbers for each test zone. The control group was fed only basic feed, test 1 (T1) added 500 ppm lacquer extract composition to drinking water, test 2 (T2) added 1,000 ppm of lacquer extract composition to drinking water, and test 3 (T3) added lacquer extract 2,000 ppm of the composition was added and supplied to drinking water.

The specification management of the watch was housed in a flat iron cage with a size of 1.5 × 0.9m in a lit farm for 24 hours, and housed 80 animals (48 fish per square scale). Feed and water were freely supplied during the entire test period, and the other specifications were followed to general broiler specifications.

Experimental Example 3. Metabolic test and digestibility using nutrients

On the 43rd day of the test, two samples per treatment were randomly selected and placed in a metabolic cage (70 × 40 × 40cm). After five days of preliminary testing, two days of predure were collected to determine the utilization of nutrients. At this time, the collected excrement was stored in a freezer at -20 ℃ for analysis and then subjected to general analysis. The pretreatment was collected by spreading the plastic under the metabolism cage, minimizing the influx of chicken dandruff, feathers, and food waste. Meanwhile, 10 ml of 5% HCl (hydrochloric acid) solution was used in the same manner as Son et al. (1997) for the purpose of minimizing decay and ammonia emissions during the excretion process. After 48 hours of drying in a dryer set at 55 ° C for analysis, The analysis was conducted in the same manner as the basic feed analysis.

As shown in Table 2, the results of the test example showed that the digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, and crude ash in the feed according to the lacquer extract supplement was recognized to be generally increased, but slightly different from the lacquer extract supplement. The difference was not recognized. In particular, the digestibility of the protein was significantly increased in all three groups than the control.

       Nutrient Utilization in Feed Containing Sumac Extract (P <0.05)          nutrient   Control             Test   SEM  500 ppm  1,000 ppm  2,000 ppm  Dry matter   67.11   69.32   69.76   69.18  1.72  Crude protein 55.85 ^a 60.43 ^b 59.76 ^b 61.01 ^b  2.02  Crude fat   82.17   85.43   86.00   84.33  2.08  Crude ash   39.32   40.38   40.39   40.00  2.00

Test Example 4 Feed Intake, Weight Gain and Feed Demand Rate

Feed intake (feedage-remaining / week) and weight gain (starting weight-ending weight / at the same time (9 AM) once a week for a total of seven weeks (including one week of preliminary testing). Note) was measured and feed demand rate was calculated by dividing feed intake by weight gain.

As shown in Table 3, the results of the test example, the seventh to 14 days of the first week of broiler chickens, the difference in weight gain and feed requirements according to the addition of the lacquer extract composition was not recognized, but the second week of the test From broiler 14 to 21-day-olds, T1 and T2 tended to gain more weight than control and T3, but there was no difference in feed requirements due to increased feed intake. In the 3rd week of broiler chickens from 21 to 28 days of age, T1 showed a tendency to improve weight gain and feed demand than control, T2 and T3, but T2 and T3 did not show much difference from control. These results are believed to be the reason for the increase in the carcass rate in T2 and T3 during this period. From 28 to 49 days of 4, 5 and 6 weeks of this study, weight gain and feed rate of T3 tended to be improved compared to control, T1 and T2. In addition, between the 35 and 49 days of age 5 and 6 weeks of the test, all three groups showed a tendency to improve the weight gain and feed requirements compared to the control. In this study, culling rates were recorded from the 3rd week (28-35 days of age), but there were no differences in culling rates. Overall, the weight gain and feed rate showed a tendency to improve the weight gain and feed rate according to the negative number of lacquer extract, and the effect was more pronounced in T3 supplemented with 2000 ppm.

Test Example 5 Analysis of Basic Feed and Dung for Measuring Digestibility

The general composition of excreta obtained through basic feed and metabolism was analyzed by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (1996) method.

Test Example 6 Determination of Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Total Microbial Counts in Caecal Content and Excretion

Before investigating changes in the cecal microorganisms during the course of the test, three times per treatment on the 21st, 35th, and 45th days were stunned with tibial striking, and the cecal contents were collected using physiological saline. Inoculated onto step dilution and selective medium up to ^-11 cfu (Colony Forming Unit). SS agar and MacConkey agar were used to measure Salmonella and E. Coli , and anaerobic agar was used to examine the total number of microorganisms. At this time, it was divided by each treatment section and treated fresh excrement immediately after excretion in the same manner as the cecum contents.

Table 4 shows the respective media characteristics and culture conditions.

The results of the test example are shown by taking log ₁₀ the number of microorganisms irradiated as shown in Table 5 below.

                      Type of medium and culture conditions Selection microbe Culture method Incubation time (days) MacConkey Agar ¹ E. Coli Anaerobic conditions One SS medium (SS Aagr ² ) Salmonella Anaerobic conditions One Anaerobic medium (Anaerobic Agar ³ ) Anaerobic Microorganisms Anaerobic conditions 2 ¹ E. Coli Selective Agar, Difco, USA, ² Salmonella Selective Agar, Difco, USA ³ Cultivation of Anaerobic Microorganisms, Difco, USA

As shown in Table 5, the results of Test Examples 5 and 6, the number of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in the cecal contents irradiated three times was reduced (P <0.05), or the tendency to decrease compared to the control group It became. In particular, the extent of the decrease was significant in T3 supplemented with 2000 ppm of lacquer extract composition. Fresh feces were also used to examine the number of Escherichia coli and Salmonella bacteria, but the changes were more pronounced than those in the cecal contents. This may be inferred to be the cause of the reduction of the number of residual pathogenic microorganisms in the bottom of the kennel of the treatment group negatively treated with the lacquer extract composition. The total number of microorganisms in the cecal contents was not significantly different according to the feed of the lacquer extract composition.

Escherichia coli (E.Coli) in the cecal contents and feces and Salmonella (Salmonella), and the total microbial (P <0.05) Treatment Zone (%) Cecum Feces 21st 35 days 45 days 21st 35 days 45 days   Escherichia coli Log 10 cfu / g content Control 5.67 6.33 6.77a 7.34a 7.85a 6.98a 500 ppm 5.12 5.72 5.33ab 6.23b 6.47b 5.12b 1,000 ppm 5.13 6.12 4.97ab 6.21b 6.86ab 6.77a 2,000 ppm 4.71 6.14 4.77b 5.97b 6.21b 6.03ab SEM 0.31 0.28 0.41 0.35 0.39 0.33 Salmonella Log 10 cfu / g content Control 6.00 6.37 6.72 7.24 7.01 8.00a 500 ppm 5.76 5.88 6.00 7.02 6.61 6.49b 1,000 ppm 5.14 5.97 6.43 7.12 6.44 6.66b 2,000 ppm 5.32 5.10 5.79 6.77 6.39 7.00ab SEM 0.31 0.53 0.57 0.34 0.48 0.49  Anaerobic bacteria Log 10 cfu / g content Control 11.17 12.46 13.45 - - - 500 ppm 10.69 11.46 12.67 - - - 1,000 ppm 11.35 13.37 13.47 - - - 2,000 ppm 10.35 11.87 14.32 - - - SEM 1.01 0.93 1.12  a, b (significantly different group)

Test Example 7 Measurement of developmental size of heart, ileum and cecum

In order to investigate the development of various organs, at the 21st, 35th, and 45th day of the specification test, 3 sacrifices of each test group were sacrificed, and the heart was weighed after removing the stored blood and the cardiovascular system. Also measured and expressed in terms of weight per kilogram body weight and length.

As shown in Table 6, the results of the test example, the development of various organs examined at 21 days, 35 days and 45 days of age did not recognize a significant effect according to the feed of the lacquer extract composition.

Son et al. (2001, 2003) reported a positive correlation in which the greater the number of total anaerobic bacteria in the cecum, the longer the cecum length was. The anaerobic bacterial counts in the cecum and the cecal length shown in 6 were highly correlated with r = 0.9857 at 21 days and r = 0.7574 at 45 days.

Degree of development of the heart, ileum and cecum (P <0.05) Heart (g / kg) Venue (Ileum, cm / kg) Cecum (Cecum, cm / kg) left Right side 21st Control 7.03 62.94 15.12 14.81 500 ppm 7.11 66.43 13.71 13.22 1,000 ppm 6.64 61.36 15.61 14.91 2,000 ppm 6.09 58.54 13.11 13.02 SEM 0.57 4.07 2.01 1.76 35 days Control 6.50 34.03 8.71 8.81 500 ppm 6.00 32.13 8.08 7.36 1,000 ppm 6.00 29.24 8.33 8.33 2,000 ppm 6.36 34.58 8.16 8.71 SEM 0.56 3.12 0.58 0.44 42 days Control 5.85 32.01 8.56 8.86 500 ppm 6.36 33.91 8.22 8.22 1,000 ppm 5.75 31.49 8.04 8.16 2,000 ppm 7.29 31.65 9.01 9.01 SEM 0.47 2.74 0.61 0.44  a, b (significantly different group)

The results measured by Test Examples 3 to 7 carried out through the present invention are subjected to analysis of variance by the GLM procedure (GLM procedure) of the SAS package (SAS Institute, 1996), and the new multi-range test method of Duncan (Duncan New The significance test was performed using a multiple range test (Steel and Torrie, 1980).

The results of the examples and test examples of the present invention are as follows.

The present invention investigated the effect of feeding the lacquer extract composition on broiler productivity for the development of natural antibiotics in broiler production. A total of 320 one-day-old broilers were fed 0 ppm (control), 500 ppm (T1), 1,000 ppm (T2), and 2,000 ppm (T3) of lacquer tree for 7 weeks with drinking water. The difference in weight gain and feed demand was not recognized until 35 days of age, but afterwards, the diet of lacquer extract showed a tendency to improve, and the improvement was greater in T3. Escherichia coli and Salmonella in the cecal contents and feces were reduced by supplementation of the lacquer extract composition. Dry matter, crude fat and crude ash digestibility in feeds were improved by supplementation of lacquer extract, and crude protein digestibility in feed was significantly improved compared to control (P <0.05).

Therefore, it was inferred that feeding weight, feed demand, cecal contents and fecal coliform and Salmonella total digestion and nutrient digestibility were added at 2,000 ppm level of lacquer extract composition.

The present invention is not limited to the technical spirit of the contents described in the specific embodiments, test examples, diagrams or drawings described above, and the general knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains without departing from the gist of the present invention as claimed in the claims. Of course, any person having a variety of modifications can be made, and such changes are within the scope of the claims.

As described in detail above, the present invention relates to a feed and broiler feeding method containing the microorganism inhibiting lacquer ( Rhus verniciflua ) extract composition, the lacquer ( Rhus verniciflua ) extract composition, which inhibits broiler growth, The effect of reducing the intestinal pathogenic microorganisms by feeding may mean the increase of beneficial bacteria or the effect of improving the intestinal environment, thereby increasing the utilization of various nutrients in the feed and further increasing the productivity.

In addition, by feeding a small amount of lacquer extract during broiler broiler breeding can be expected to partially or completely cope with the antibiotics due to the antimicrobial effect of the lacquer.

1 is a manufacturing process diagram for the sumac extract composition according to the present invention.

Claims (4)

A lacquer extract composition for inhibiting anaerobic bacteria inhibiting broiler proliferation extracted from Rhus verniciflua bark for inhibiting anaerobic bacteria inhibiting broiler proliferation. The method of claim 1, The anaerobic bacteria are Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Anaerobic bacterium inhibiting lacquer extract composition for inhibiting broiler growth. In broiler feed, Broiler feed for anaerobic bacterial inhibition which inhibits broiler buildup, comprising the lacquer extract composition according to claim 1 or 2. A broiler rearing method for increasing broilers by orally administering 500 to 2000 ppm of the lacquer extract composition of claim 1 or 2 with drinking water.