KR200415389Y1 - Natural ventilation device for building using gravity and wind pressure - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a ventilator for creating a pleasant air environment in a building, and more particularly, the air inlet line comprises an intake line for sucking outdoor air and an exhaust line for discharging indoor air to the outside. Since it is located above the intake line, the natural ventilation method using gravity (the flow of air according to the temperature difference inside and outside, that is, gravity ventilation using the chimney effect) (the chimney effect is proportional to the square root of the indoor and outdoor temperature difference and the intake and exhaust height difference. (2) backflow prevention dampers are installed at the inlet and inlet of the intake line and the exhaust outlet of the exhaust line to prevent intake and intake at the exhaust outlet. (+) And exhaust line becomes negative pressure (-), so indoor and outdoor temperature difference by natural ventilation method using wind pressure (large in winter It is possible to provide year-round ventilation regardless of the size of the air). <3> Foreign material is provided on the intake line by delaying the flow of outdoor air, so that foreign matters such as dust contained in outdoor air are settled by specific gravity. It relates to a natural ventilation device for buildings using gravity and wind pressure that can be sucked into the room with the outdoor air to prevent contamination of the room.

Building, Chimney Effect, Damper, Natural Ventilation, Gravity, Dust Collection, Wind Pressure, Ventilation

Description

Natural ventilating system for building using gravity and wind pressure}

1 is a cross-sectional view of a general mechanical ventilator viewed from the side.

Figure 2 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of the building natural ventilation device using gravity and wind pressure according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the non-return damper shown in FIG. 2.

4 is an enlarged view of the dust collecting mechanism illustrated in FIG. 2.

5 is a configuration diagram showing another example of the dust collecting mechanism in the first embodiment of the natural ventilation device for buildings using gravity and wind pressure according to the present invention.

6 is a configuration diagram showing a state in which the first embodiment of the building natural ventilation device using a gravity and wind pressure according to the present invention applied to a multi-storey building.

Figure 7 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of the building natural ventilation device using gravity and wind pressure according to the present invention.

<Explanation of symbols on main parts of the drawings>

2a, 2b, 2c, 2d: wall of building 4: floor of building

6: ceiling 12a, 12b of building intake

14 Intake Outlet 16 Intake Duct

22a, 22b: exhaust outlet 24: exhaust inlet

26: exhaust duct 32: intake control mechanism

34: exhaust control mechanism 42, 44: backflow prevention damper

52, 152: dust collecting chamber 54, 154: dust collecting wall

60: vertical duct

The present invention relates to a ventilation device for creating a pleasant air environment in a building, and more specifically, to maintain a constant ventilation amount throughout the year regardless of the season by using both air flow, that is, gravity ventilation and wind pressure according to the indoor and outdoor temperature difference. The present invention relates to a natural ventilation device for buildings using gravity and wind pressure.

In recent years, as the energy saving standards of the building sector have been strengthened, the sealing performance of buildings has improved day by day, while the pollution of indoor (indoor) air is deteriorating due to this high sealing performance. It must be exchanged with air to create a pleasant indoor air environment.

Conventional ventilation methods that have been used to improve the indoor air environment to be suitable for human health and hygiene include the opening of windows to introduce outdoor air from the wind-winding window of the building and the discharge of indoor polluted air to the opposite window. There is a wind ventilation to exchange.

However, such wind ventilation is not a problem when there is wind, but because the strength and wind direction changes with time, it is difficult to maintain a constant ventilation amount, foreign matters such as dust contained in outdoor air come into the room with outdoor air There was a problem that the interior becomes dirty easily.

In addition to wind ventilation, there is gravity ventilation belonging to natural ventilation. Ventilation by the ventilation cylinder is an example of gravity ventilation. When the indoor temperature is higher than the outside, the warm air therein is lighter than the cold air outside, and the air flows upward.

However, this gravity ventilation also could not expect a constant amount of ventilation at all times because the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor varies depending on the season. That is, in winter, the indoor and outdoor temperature difference is large, and ventilation is actively performed, while in summer, the indoor and outdoor temperature difference is small, and when cooling, the indoor temperature is lower than the outdoor, so the ventilation is unstable and insufficient.

In order to solve the problems of natural ventilation (wind ventilation, gravity ventilation) is a mechanical ventilation device for forced ventilation using a fan or the like.

The configuration of a general mechanical ventilator is shown in FIG. 1.

As shown in FIG. 1, the mechanical ventilator includes a housing 110 formed with an intake inlet 111, an intake outlet 112, an exhaust inlet 113, and an exhaust outlet 114, and outdoor air and indoor air, respectively. An intake fan 121 and an exhaust fan 122 which are sucked into the housing 110 through the intake inlet 111 and the exhaust inlet 113 and discharged to the intake outlet 112 and the exhaust outlet 114, respectively; 110 is composed of a heat exchanger 130 for exchanging heat of the indoor air and the indoor air sucked into the inside. In this case, the housing 110 is installed on the wall of the building, and the heat exchanger 130 exchanges heat without mixing the outdoor air and the indoor air sucked into the inside, and then the intake outlet 112 and the exhaust outlet 114, respectively. ) To be discharged.

Accordingly, when the intake fan 121 and the exhaust fan 122 are operated, the outdoor air and the indoor air are operated by the action of the intake fan 121 and the exhaust fan 122 through the intake inlet 111 and the exhaust inlet 113. Each of the sucked outdoor air and indoor air exchanges heat while passing through the heat exchanger 130, and then is discharged to the indoor and outdoor through the intake outlet 112 and the exhaust outlet 114, respectively. .

However, the mechanical ventilation device is forced to flow outdoor air and indoor air through the intake fan 121 and the exhaust fan 122 to maintain a constant amount of ventilation compared to natural ventilation, but accompanied by noise generation and energy consumption. In addition to these disadvantages, there was a problem contrary to the current trend of preferring eco-friendly natural ventilation than mechanical ventilation (mechanical ventilation or forced ventilation). In addition, it is possible only if the thickness of the wall corresponding to the thickness of the housing 110 is secured for installation, and there is a problem in that the amount of light is remarkably reduced because a window cannot be provided in the wall of the installation location.

The present invention is devised to solve the problems of the prior art, the ventilation is made by gravity ventilation using the temperature difference between the indoor and outdoor, and the intake line is always positive pressure (+) and the exhaust line is negative pressure (-), so that the indoor and outdoor temperature difference It is an object of the present invention to provide a natural ventilation device for buildings using gravity and wind pressure, which can maintain a constant ventilation amount throughout the year without generating noise and energy consumption by configuring ventilation to be performed even by wind pressure regardless of wind pressure.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a natural ventilation device for buildings using gravity and wind pressure that can prevent the interior from being contaminated by separating foreign matter contained in outdoor air from outdoor air when inhaling outdoor air into the room. There is this.

The present invention for realizing the technical problem as described above is an intake inlet formed on one wall and the opposite wall of the building, an intake outlet formed on the floor side of the building, and the outdoor air flowing into each intake inlet to the intake outlet An intake duct connecting the respective intake inlets and the intake outlet to be discharged and sucked into the room; an exhaust outlet respectively formed on one wall and the opposite wall of the building so as to be located above the intake inlet; The exhaust inlet formed, an exhaust duct connecting the exhaust outlet and the exhaust inlet so that the outdoor air flowing into the exhaust outlet is discharged to the exhaust outlets and discharged to the outside; An intake control mechanism and an exhaust control mechanism for controlling the amount of gas and the exhaust volume, and each of the intake and exhaust outlets And a backflow prevention damper which is exhausted to the intake air inlet and prevents the intake to the exhaust outlet.

In addition, a dust collecting chamber is formed between each intake inlet and the intake duct to form a space in which the volume of the outdoor air is reduced so that the flow rate of the outdoor air is reduced, and the foreign matter is contained in the outdoor air by delaying the flow of the outdoor air. It is characterized in that a large number of dust collecting walls of a certain height settled by the specific gravity difference.

In another aspect, the present invention for realizing the above technical problem is the intake inlet formed in each of the basement wall and the basement opposite wall of the building, and the outer one of the basement wall and the basement opposite wall of the building so that each intake and the ground is connected The vertical duct installed, the intake outlet formed at the bottom side of the building, and the intake inlet to communicate with each other, and the outdoor air flowing into each intake inlet flows out into the intake outlet and is sucked into the room. An intake duct connecting an inlet and an intake outlet, an exhaust outlet formed on one wall of the building and an opposite wall of the ground so as to be positioned relatively above the respective intake inlets, an exhaust inlet formed on the ceiling of the building, The exhaust outlets are connected to each other, and the outdoor air flowing into the exhaust inlet is discharged from each of the exhaust outlets. Exhaust ducts connecting the exhaust outlets and the exhaust inlets to be discharged to the outside and discharged to the outside; And a reverse flow prevention damper installed at each of the exhaust outlets to prevent exhaustion to the intake air inlet and intake to the exhaust outlet.

In addition, a dust collecting chamber is formed at the lower end of each vertical duct to form a space in which the volume of the outdoor air is reduced, and the dust collecting chamber settles the foreign matter contained in the outdoor air with a specific gravity by delaying the flow of outdoor air. It is characterized in that a large number of dust collecting walls of a certain height.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

2 is a configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of a natural ventilation device for buildings using gravity and wind pressure according to the present invention, Figure 3 and Figure 4 is an enlarged view showing a portion of Figure 2 respectively.

The first embodiment of the natural ventilation device for buildings using gravity and wind pressure according to the present invention is an intake line 10, the indoor air to suck the outdoor air into the building (indoor), as shown in Figs. An exhaust stream 20 to discharge to the outside, an intake control mechanism 32 to control the intake amount and the exhaust amount 32 and an exhaust control mechanism 34, a backflow to prevent the intake to the exhaust line 20 and exhausted to the intake line 10 Prevention dampers (42) (44), and dust collection mechanism (50) for separating foreign matters such as dust contained in outdoor air from the outdoor air.

The intake line 10 includes intake inlets 12a and 12b formed on the wall of the building, an intake outlet 14 formed on the side of the floor 4 of the room and provided with an intake control mechanism 32, and outdoor air. It consists of an intake duct 16 which connects the intake inlets 12a and 12b and the intake outlet 14 so as to be sucked in.

The intake inlets 12a and 12b are located on one wall 2a and the opposite wall 2b of the building so as to always allow outdoor air to flow regardless of the wind direction, and face each other, and the intake outlets 14 are located on the floor 4. Or on the wall in close proximity to the floor 4.

The intake duct 16 allows outdoor air flowing into each intake inlet 12a and 12b to flow out into the intake outlet 14 to be sucked into the room. Basically, the intake inlets 12a and 12b communicate with each other. It is connected to the shortest distance so that the branched here is configured to be connected to the intake outlet (14).

In addition, if it is exposed to the room, it hinders aesthetics and occupies the space unnecessarily, so that it is buried in the floor 4 and installed in a form penetrating the wall. In this case, the floor 4 in which the intake duct 16 is buried is preferably a heating layer because it is very difficult to directly install the intake duct 16 in a concrete slab in the case of an already constructed building. If there is no building, it can be replaced by installing in the ceiling of the lower floor.

The exhaust line 20 includes exhaust outlets 22a and 22b formed on the wall of the building, an exhaust inlet 24 formed on the ceiling 6 side of the room and provided with an exhaust control mechanism 34, and indoor air is outdoors. It consists of an exhaust duct 26 which connects the exhaust outlets 22a and 22b and the exhaust inlet 24 so that it may discharge | emit to.

The exhaust outlets 22a and 22b are located above the intake inlets 12a and 12b, and the one side wall 2a and the opposite side wall 2b of the building allow the air to always flow out regardless of the wind direction. Are each located at and face each other. In addition, the exhaust opening 24 is located on the wall so as to be close to the ceiling 6 or the ceiling 4.

For reference, this structure is to allow the air to flow upward due to the density difference according to the indoor and outdoor temperature differences, that is, to make the gravity ventilation to be ventilated by using the stack effect. The intake outlet 14 and exhaust inlet 24 are increased directly in proportion to the square root of the intake exhaust height difference so that the inlet outlet 14 and the exhaust inlet 24 are positioned directly on the wall (4) rather than on the wall so as to be close to the floor 4 and the ceiling 6, respectively, to maximize the height difference. It is preferable to position it on the ceiling 6.

The exhaust duct 26 allows the indoor air flowing into the exhaust inlet 24 to be exhausted to each of the exhaust outlets 22a and 22b to be exhausted to the outside. Basically, similar to the intake duct 16, each exhaust outlet 22a is provided. (22b) is connected in the shortest distance so as to communicate with each other, and is branched here is configured to be connected to the exhaust inlet (24).

The exhaust duct 26 is partly composed of the space between the ceiling 6 and the truss 8 in order to utilize the sleeping space usefully.

Intake control mechanism 32 is a diffuser configured to allow the user to directly control the amount of outdoor air outflow by controlling the amount of outdoor air to flow out while the outdoor air flows out into the room from the intake outlet 14 to be.

In addition, the exhaust control mechanism 34 is an exhaust grill configured to control the amount of indoor air flowing into the exhaust inlet 24 so that the user can directly control the indoor air inflow.

The backflow prevention dampers 42 and 44 use the principle of positive pressure (+), which is excited when wind blows on one wall of the building, and negative pressure (-) on the opposite wall, so that the indoor air flows into the intake air inlets 12a and 12b. It prevents outflow and outdoor air from entering the exhaust outlets 22a and 22b so that the intake line 10 always maintains a positive pressure and the exhaust line 20 maintains a negative pressure.

Such backflow prevention dampers 42 and 44 are installed at the intake inlets 12a and 12b and the exhaust outlets 22a and 22b, respectively, and are operated by wind power, and are configured such that the opening / closing door is rotated by an angle only in one direction. Bar, the reverse flow prevention damper 42 installed at the intake inlets 12a and 12b is rotated so as to open only in the direction in which the outdoor air flows, and the reverse flow prevention damper 44 provided at the exhaust outlets 22a and 22b is indoors. It is rotated to open only in the direction in which air is discharged.

The dust collecting mechanism 50 is provided between each intake inlet 12a, 12b and the intake duct 16, and consists of the dust collecting chamber 52 and the plurality of dust collecting walls 54, and this dust collecting chamber 52 ) And the dust collecting wall 54 to allow the outdoor air to flow artificially at low speed to sediment and separate the foreign matter contained in the outdoor air naturally by a specific gravity difference.

The dust collecting chamber 52 is a space where foreign matter contained in the outdoor air collects so that the flow rate of the outdoor air introduced into the dust collecting chamber 52 is reduced, so that the scattering of foreign matter collected in the dust collecting chamber 52 is prevented. It is formed in an expanding form.

The dust collecting wall 54 is a wall of a predetermined length, which is set at a predetermined interval in the dust collecting chamber 52 to partially block and delay the flow of outdoor air, and prevents the scattering of foreign matter collected in the dust collecting chamber 52. .

Here, the dust collecting walls 54 are formed so that the heights thereof are different from each other, so that the outdoor air flows from the intake inlets 12a and 12b to the intake duct 16 so that partial blockage of the outdoor air flow is achieved step by step. As you go along, they will be arranged in ascending order of height.

As described in the first embodiment, since the indoor air is not discharged to the intake inlets 12a and 12b by the non-return damper 42 and 44, and the outdoor air is not sucked to the exhaust outlets 22a and 22b. The intake line 10 always maintains a positive pressure and the exhaust line 20 maintains a negative pressure (ventilation by wind pressure). Since the exhaust line 20 is located above the intake line 10, the room temperature is increased. When it is higher than the outdoor (winter), the indoor air is lighter than the outdoor air and thus flows upward to maintain the air inlet 24 of the exhaust line 20 (ventilation due to gravity (chimney effect)).

Therefore, the outdoor air is sucked into the room sequentially through the intake air inlets 12a and 12b, the dust collecting mechanism 50, the intake duct 16, and the intake air outlet 14, and the indoor air is exhausted into the exhaust inlet 24 and the exhaust duct. (26), the exhaust outlets 22a and 22b are sequentially passed through the outside to be ventilated.

Of course, the outdoor air introduced into the dust collecting chamber 52 during such a ventilation process is decelerated due to the expansion of the volume of the flow path, and the flow is delayed due to the obstruction of the dust collecting wall 54. (52) is passed at a low speed, the foreign matter contained in the outdoor air during the passage is separated from the sedimentation, outdoor air by the specific gravity difference. The separated foreign matter is collected in the dust collecting chamber 52 without being scattered by the dust collecting wall 54 and the outdoor air flowing at a low speed.

On the other hand, even when the indoor temperature is lower than the outdoor or there is no big difference (summer), the ventilation is always performed by the wind pressure, so a constant ventilation amount is maintained throughout the year.

5 is a configuration diagram showing another example of the dust collecting mechanism in the first embodiment of the natural ventilation device for buildings using gravity and wind pressure according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows that the dust collecting mechanism 50 is individually provided between each intake inlet 12a, 12b and the intake duct 16 in FIG. 2, but is not limited thereto. By way of example, it is also possible to equip the dust collecting mechanism 50 of the joint.

6 is a configuration diagram showing a state in which the first embodiment of the building natural ventilation device using a gravity and wind pressure according to the present invention applied to a multi-storey building.

FIG. 6 shows that the intake inlets 12a and 12b and the exhaust outlets 22a and 22b may be used jointly without having to provide each layer when applied to a multi-story building.

Figure 7 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of the building natural ventilation device using gravity and wind pressure according to the present invention.

The second embodiment of the natural ventilation device for buildings using gravity and wind pressure according to the present invention compared to the first embodiment as shown in FIG. (12b) is formed in each of the underground one wall (2c) and the opposite side of the basement wall (2d) of the building, respectively, in order to enable the intake air inlet (12a) (12b) located in the basement to be able to enter the outdoor air The vertical duct 60 is provided on the outer side of the basement wall 2c and the basement opposite wall 2d of the building so that the intake inlets 12a and 12b are connected to the ground, and the dust collector 150 is each The only difference is that they are provided at the lower ends of the vertical ducts 60, respectively.

In this second embodiment, the intake openings 12a and 12b, the vertical duct 60, the intake openings 14 formed on the floor 4 side of the building, and each intake opening 12a and 12b are provided. An intake duct 16 connecting the intake passage 12a and 12b and the intake outlet 14 and the ground surface of the building so as to be located above the intake intakes 12a and 12b. Exhaust outlets 22a and 22b respectively formed on one wall 2a and the ground opposite wall 2b, exhaust inlets 24 formed on the ceiling 6 side of the building, and respective exhaust outlets 22a and 22b. Is connected to each other and the exhaust duct 26 connecting the respective exhaust outlets 22a and 22b and the exhaust inlet 24, and the intake control mechanism respectively provided at the intake outlet 14 and the exhaust inlet 24, respectively. 32 and exhaust control mechanism 34, and each intake inlet 12a, 12b and exhaust outlets 22a, 22b, respectively, are exhausted to intake inlets 12a, 12b and exhaust outlet 22a. Backflow prevention dampers 42 and 44 to prevent intake to 22b. ) And a dust collecting mechanism 150.

Here, the dust collecting mechanism 150 includes a dust collecting chamber 152 which forms a space in which the volume is extended at the lower end of each vertical duct 60 so that the flow velocity of the outdoor air is reduced, and a dust collecting chamber so as to delay the flow of outdoor air. It is composed of a plurality of dust collecting walls 154 set up at 152 to sediment the foreign matter contained in the outdoor air with specific gravity.

It is composed of an intake line for sucking outdoor air into the indoor structure and functioning as described above, and an exhaust line for discharging indoor air to the outside, and since the exhaust line is located above the intake line, the natural ventilation method using gravity There is an advantage that it can be ventilated by environmentally friendly, such as no noise generation and no energy consumption.

In addition, backflow prevention dampers are installed at the inlet and inlet of the intake line to prevent intake and exhaust at the inlet and outlet lines, so that the intake line is always positive (+) and the exhaust line is negative (-). Because of the natural ventilation method using the wind pressure there is an advantage that can be ventilated year-round regardless of the indoor and outdoor temperature difference (big in winter, but small in summer).

In addition, a dust collection mechanism is provided on the air intake line to delay the flow of outdoor air and to settle the foreign matter such as dust contained in the outdoor air by the specific gravity difference. There is an advantage that can be prevented.

Claims (5)

Intake inlets 12a and 12b respectively formed in one wall 2a and the opposite wall 2b of the building, An intake outlet 14 formed on the floor 4 side of the building, The intake air inlet 12a and 12b are connected to each other, and the outdoor air flowing into the intake air inlets 12a and 12b flows out into the intake air outlet 14 and is sucked into the room. An intake duct 16 connecting the inlets 12a, 12b and the intake outlet 14, Exhaust outlets 22a and 22b respectively formed on one wall 2a and the opposite wall 2b of the building so as to be located above the respective intake inlets 12a and 12b; An exhaust inlet 24 formed on the ceiling 6 side of the building, Each exhaust outlet 22a and 22b is connected to each other, and the outdoor air flowing into the exhaust inlet 24 is discharged to the exhaust outlets 22a and 22b to be discharged to the outside. An exhaust duct 26 connecting the outlets 22a and 22b and the exhaust inlet 24, An intake regulating mechanism 32 and an exhaust regulating mechanism 34 installed at the intake outlet 14 and the exhaust inlet 24, respectively, to adjust the intake amount and the exhaust amount; Installed at each of the intake inlets 12a and 12b and the exhaust outlets 22a and 22b, respectively, to be exhausted into the intake inlets 12a and 12b and to prevent intake into the exhaust outlets 22a and 22b. Natural ventilation device for building using gravity and wind pressure, characterized in that it comprises a backflow prevention damper (42) (44). The method of claim 1, Between each of the intake inlets 12a and 12b and the intake duct 16 is provided a dust collecting chamber 52 which forms a space in which the volume is expanded so that the flow velocity of outdoor air is reduced, The natural ventilation device for building using gravity and wind pressure is characterized in that a plurality of dust collecting walls 54 of a predetermined height are set in the dust collecting chamber 52 to retard the flow of outdoor air to sediment the foreign matter contained in the outdoor air with a specific gravity difference. . The method of claim 2, The dust collecting walls 54 are formed to have different heights from each other, and the gravity is characterized in that the outdoor air is arranged in the order of increasing height toward the direction flowing from the intake openings 12a and 12b to the intake duct 16. Natural ventilation device for buildings using wind and pressure. Intake inlets 12a and 12b respectively formed in the basement wall 2c and the basement opposite wall 2d of the building, Vertical ducts 60 respectively provided on the outer side of the basement wall 2c and the basement opposite wall 2d of the building so that the respective intake inlets 12a and 12b are connected to the ground; An intake outlet 14 formed on the floor 4 side of the building, The intake air inlet 12a and 12b are connected to each other, and the outdoor air flowing into the intake air inlets 12a and 12b flows out into the intake air outlet 14 and is sucked into the room. An intake duct 16 connecting the inlets 12a, 12b and the intake outlet 14, Exhaust outlets 22a and 22b respectively formed on one of the ground walls 2a and the opposite of the ground walls 2b of the building so as to be located above the respective intake inlets 12a and 12b; An exhaust inlet 24 formed on the ceiling 6 side of the building, Each exhaust outlet 22a and 22b is connected to each other, and the outdoor air flowing into the exhaust inlet 24 is discharged to the exhaust outlets 22a and 22b to be discharged to the outside. An exhaust duct 26 connecting the outlets 22a and 22b and the exhaust inlet 24, An intake regulating mechanism 32 and an exhaust regulating mechanism 34 installed at the intake outlet 14 and the exhaust inlet 24, respectively, to adjust the intake amount and the exhaust amount; Installed at each of the intake inlets 12a and 12b and the exhaust outlets 22a and 22b, respectively, to be exhausted to the intake inlets 12a and 12b and to prevent intake into the exhaust outlets 22a and 22b. Natural ventilation device for building using gravity and wind pressure, characterized in that it comprises a backflow prevention damper (42) (44). The method of claim 4, wherein At the lower end of each of the vertical duct 60, a dust collecting chamber 152 is formed to form a space in which the volume of the outdoor air is reduced in speed, The natural ventilation device for building using gravity and wind pressure is characterized in that a plurality of dust collecting walls 154 of a predetermined height are set in the dust collecting chamber 152 to retard the flow of outdoor air to sediment the foreign matter contained in the outdoor air with a specific gravity difference. .

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