KR20030092139A - Method for encoding and decoding pieces of music - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a music piece encoding method. Two different encodings are provided for a group of notes. One relates to the pitch of the note and the other to the length of the note. The encodings are produced as a result of a specified compression algorithm that is performed on tones and lengths. The present invention is particularly suitable for downloading a musical ring tone from server 10 to mobile phone 14.

Description

METHOOD FOR ENCODING AND DECODING PIECES OF MUSIC}

Currently, in the field of mobile phones, a method of using a specific ringtone composed of a short piece of music memorized in the form of a binary message composed of a series of codes for driving the sound emitting device at an appropriate time has been established. In this method, two words, one word represents the pitch of the note (degrees, levels, ...), and the other word represents the duration of the note (whole note, half note, quarter note, eighth note, etc.). It is common to specify each note as a consecutive binary word.

Such music ringtones can be obtained by directly connecting a mobile phone to a site for transmitting such music pieces. This site has a predetermined music piece code in the base station. In other words, the site automatically transmits the encoded message, and the cellular phone must convert the encoded message by decoding the message having the conventional code that can be identified by the acoustic apparatus.

In practice, messages are sent to the site in a limited way.

The present invention relates to a method of encoding a musical piece. The invention also relates to a method for decoding an encoded musical piece.

Many devices generate music based on numerical signals representing notes in the score. In addition to the synthesizer or its equivalent generally installed on a conventional digital instrument interface (MIDI), a cellular phone is also noteworthy. The present invention is mainly described on the basis of a mobile telephone. However, the present invention is not limited to this apparatus. The present invention is generally applied by coding and decoding of musical works.

1 is a schematic diagram of a system for downloading telephone ringtones in the form of a musical piece, which generates an encoding method and a decoding method such as a server, a mobile phone and a signal in accordance with the present invention.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a method of encoding a music piece, which is not only compact in the sign of the piece of music but also can transmit the piece of music for a longer time and / or more stably than the known method.

In the encoding method according to the present invention, two different encodings are provided for a group of notes, one of which relates to the tones of the notes and the other relates to the length of the notes, wherein the encodings And as a result of a specified compression algorithm performed on the length.

The encoding can be optimized by using two different compressions for the pitch and length of the note. That is, the number of bits used for the tone and the length is minimized, and the advantages of the feature for specifying the tone and the feature for specifying the length can be obtained.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, for a group of notes, for example, a group of notes forming a relatively short piece of musical piece, the sign indicating the pitch forms the first group and the sign indicating the length is Forming a second group separate from the first group. For example, when given ones are sent in a stream, one group, for example a first group, is sent followed by the other group. By this separate group of transmissions (preferably in a stream), the amount of transmission information can be further minimized.

In the case of musical notes, a distinctive coded ring tone is provided. That is, each note is not represented in a unique manner, but is represented as a reference to other notes. For example, in the case of a level, this level refers to an increment in one unit increment (if this degree is a reference value) or another increment value. The reference pitch can be fixed. The reference pitch may also correspond to any preceding note, such as the note immediately preceding it.

When a series of tones is repeated, a code determined for this tonal sequence is assigned, and this same tonal sequence is also represented by the same symbol.

In the case of indicating the duration of a note, i.e., the expression of the whole note, the half note, the quarter note, the eighth note, the sixteenth note, or the like is performed, the point value and the overlap point value in some preferred embodiments continue. In this case, the duration of a note giving a predetermined value with respect to the current continuous duration is encoded, and does not force all possible durations. For example, each duration, i.e., a sixteenth note, a point sixteenth note, a double point sixteenth note, an eighth note, a point eighth note, a double point eighth note, a quarter note, a point quarter note, a double point quarter note, two The encoding is performed on the note, the point half note, and the double point half note. It is assumed here that the point duration corresponds to a 1.5 times weighted duration and the double note corresponds to a 1.75 times weighted duration.

If the current duration is not enough to select a different sign to represent the note of the lower or upper duration, then the lower duration is divided by the total number to correspond to the encoded duration, and the upper duration is multiplied by the total number. Indicates that it corresponds to the encoded duration. For example, the whole note corresponds to twice the duration of a half note, and the thirty-second note corresponds to half the duration of a sixteenth note.

In the above example (encoding the sixteenth note to the double-half note), the upper duration is multiplied by sixteen because the whole note is sixteen times the duration of the sixteenth note, and the upper duration is the thirty-second note by the second note. Divide by 16 because it's a duration divided by 16.

According to another form of the invention in which a relatively limited number of musical notes generally exist in a series of musical note durations, a particular sign is assigned to the current string of musical note durations. This current column contains DC-DC, DC-DC-C, DC-DC-DC-DC, DC-CP, CC, CCCC, C-DC-DC, C-NP, CP-DC, NN, NP-C NP-DC-DC. DC is a sixteenth note, C is an eighth note, CP is an eighth note, NP is a quarter note, and N is a quarter note.

In one embodiment, assuming the encoding of a plurality of channels to be reproduced simultaneously and having the same tones of continuous notes and / or the continuous duration of the notes, only those channels are encoded, and tones and / or first for other channel (s). A sign indicating the equivalent of the duration relative to one channel is provided. In the case of a mobile phone having only sound reproducing means, this arrangement structure is particularly relevant for the continuous duration of notes in which one channel is the same as the other.

In order to take into account the repetition type of repetition, that is, the count of note stream repetitions in the case of tonality and in the case of duration, a specific encoding is performed on these repetitive melodies sufficiently to transmit the corresponding sign of the second melody appearance.

Regardless of the embodiment of the sound, the present invention can simply minimize the number of beats representing the piece of music.

The present invention also relates to a decoding method that complements the encoding method defined above.

In addition, the present invention relates to a method of decoding a musical piece, which separates and decodes note tones and periods of notes for a group of notes, on the one hand, and notes on the other. The compression algorithm specified for the period is applied.

In another embodiment, a sign representing a tone forming a first group and a sign representing a duration forming a second group separated from the first group are first decoded in one entire group and then decoded in another group.

When the encoding of note tones is different, that is, when the tones of one note are represented by a relative value based on another note, decoding is configured to add the relative value to the reference to decode the note.

When providing an encoding such as a sign representing a stream defined by a musical note tone, for definition, after the first occurrence of a sign representing this defined stream, this definition is to reproduce the defined stream when this sign later appears. The saved stream to memory

When a predetermined code is performed on the current stream of the note holding period, it is continuous for decoding to be performed whether or not the decoder is configured to transpose to decoding means that recognizes the current stream of the note duration for construction. This predetermined stream of duration is generally known, whether it is arranged to write this code into memory after its first reception after every reception of the period stream.

The invention also relates to a speech apparatus capable of encoding music sounds according to the method defined above, in particular a server, and a decoder capable of decoding this encoded music sounds by the method according to the invention. Such a decoder may be mounted inside the music device or in the form of software or inside a mobile phone.

In the case of a mobile phone, the notes are received, for example, by short message channel or SMS. This piece of music may be received via a known channel or by a simple download by a regular track of a mobile phone.

The present invention also includes two different encodings, which are signals obtained by the encoding method defined above, i.e., a coding for a note tone and a coding for a note duration for one group of notes, the encoding of which is partially A musical piece presentation signal characterized in that it is obtained by a compression algorithm specified for pitch and another part for duration.

The present invention also relates to a method of encoding a musical piece, in which two different encodings are provided for a group of notes, one encoding for note tones and the other encoding for note duration. Is obtained by a compression algorithm in which some are specified for pitch and others are specified for duration.

According to one embodiment, for a group of notes, the sign representing the pitch forms a first group, and the sign representing the duration forms a second group separate from the first group.

The encoding of note tones may be, for example, a relative value based on another note constituting a fixed reference tone, or a preceding note, such as a preceding note.

In one embodiment, a predetermined sign is performed on a stream defined as a note tone.

When assigning a sign specified for the current continuous duration, a note duration can be encoded, which includes, for example, a dotted note and a double note.

The predetermined sign is, in one embodiment, assigned only for a portion of the current consecutive duration, the lower duration starting from the same sign and divided by the total number of durations corresponding to said portion of the current continuous duration. Obtained.

The predetermined sign is also assigned only for a portion of the current consecutive duration, and the higher duration is obtained by starting with the same sign and multiplying by the total number of durations corresponding to the portion of the current continuous duration.

In one embodiment, a predetermined sign is assigned to each stream defined by the note duration.

In addition, a predetermined sign may also be performed on the current stream of the note duration.

According to one embodiment, the sign specifies in particular the repetition of the already defined note stream in the case of tonality and in the case of duration.

The present invention also relates to a method for decoding a piece of music, wherein the method separates and decodes note tones and note durations for a group of notes, and on the other hand, notes on the other hand. The decompression algorithm specified for the period is applied.

If a sign indicating a tone forming a first group and a sign indicating a duration forming a second group separated from the first group are different, the entire group may be decoded first and then the other group may be decoded. .

In the case where the note tone is represented by a relative value based on another note, according to an embodiment, the decoding is configured to add a relative value to a reference value for decoding the note.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

In the telecommunication system shown in Fig. 1, a server 10 having a music sound encoder 12 is provided, and the code signal provided by the encoder 12 is, for example, a mobile phone 14 by an SMS-type short message. Is sent to. For example, this ring tone signal, which is formed to constitute a distinctive ring tone, is formed by an informational telecommunications network, such as the Internet network 16, which can be used to access the music registration repository encoded by the encoder 12 with the aid of the computer 18. Can be sent. As will be appreciated, the cellular phone 14 and the computer 18 should be arranged with software capable of decoding the signal provided by the encoder 12. For further details regarding the download system, see French Patent Application No. 99/12210, filed September 29, 1999, in the name of the applicant.

In this example, the server 10 is provided with a storage device for musical works encoded in a conventional manner in accordance with a normal musical instrument digital interface. In practice, this server 10 is encoded in accordance with the present invention, but in this case it is intended to distribute a musical piece which is also encoded according to other codes which may be a normal musical instrument digital interface or other codes specified for certain constructions of mobile phones. Is designed. Thus, the server 10 comprises means for performing code conversion in accordance with the present invention, i.e., having one compression algorithm specified for the note tone and the other algorithm specified for the note duration.

The decoder in each telephone can convert the received music piece into another code designated for each cell phone or mobile phone type for music piece storage.

When the mobile phone calls the server 10 to obtain the scheduled music ringtone stored in accordance with the conventional coding, the code conversion software converts the conventional coding into a maximum of 140 octets according to the encoding specific to each component of the mobile telephone. To a message. As a result, the cellular phone possesses specific decoding software for converting the message according to conventional coding, and can drive the sound emitting apparatus at the start of the ringtone.

The message sent from the central site towards the mobile phone and adapted to the encoding processing means according to the present invention, in this embodiment, is a stream of concatenated binary words whose total length should be kept below 140 octets.

For each channel, coded values representing the duration are grouped and transmitted, and coded values representing the tones are also grouped and transmitted.

The message consists of, for example, a word stream in a defined order which is presented later.

These words are each treated as listed fixed length words or listed fixed length words that explicitly or implicitly define these lengths.

Also, in the preamble, it starts with a fixed length word indicating that it is encoded by the method according to the present invention.

After the first word, a fixed length word obtained by encoding a title length, and a title of a work which is a maximum 15th variable length word are provided.

The next word reveals the number of events in the work. An event is the element time of a duration selected from successive durations (dialogs, half notes, etc.).

The word then represents a tempo between 0 and 511, such as quarter notes per minute. Without this word, the tempo defaults to 120.

After this tempo-related information, words are provided to clarify the existence of multiple channels.

After this word, for example, there is a word indicating the path of the work or the number of channels, which is itself followed by a word indicating the channel number.

After this head portion, information related to the music piece for the channel is provided. First, a predetermined number of words of fixed length facing the duration are provided. Knowing the number of events already specified in the preamble, the decryption software can know the end of the message that contains the duration.

The duration is specified as music by the following seven note types: 64th note, 32nd note, 16th note, eighth note, quarter note, half note, and whole note, each of which is a previous note 2 times Each note type may have a dot or overlap, which extends the duration 1.5 times and 1.75 times, respectively. In addition, in order to execute the duration element group, 21 cases should be encoded.

According to one solution of the present invention disclosed in Table 1 below, a time center portion of a duration is not encoded, and a multiplication code coefficient and a division code coefficient are provided to represent a note duration outside the center portion ( Multiplication is for the upper time and division is for the lower time).

sign meaning C1 Sixteenth note C2 Dotted sixteenth note C3 Double point sixteenth note C4 Eighth note C5 Eighth note C6 Double Quarter Note C7 Quarter note C8 Dotted quarter notes C9 Double Quarter Note C10 Multiply by 16 C11 Division by 16 C12 Length encoding change

In this example, the symbols Ci are all the same length, that is, the same number of bits.

You can see that only 11 values are needed to represent 21 possibilities.

Furthermore, according to a preferred solution, the duration stream normally recognized as the music shown in the following table 2 is encoded, in which the length of the code D is all the same (this may be the same as the length of the code C). .

sign meaning D1 Sixteenth note-Sixteenth note D2 Sixteenth note-Sixteenth note-Eighth notes D3 Four sixteenth notes D4 Sixteenth note-dotted eighth note D5 Eighth note-Eighth note D6 Four eighth notes D7 Eighth Note-Sixteenth Note-Sixteenth Note D8 Quarter Note-Dot Quarter Note D9 Dotted eighth note-sixteenth note D10 Quarter Note-Quarter Note D11 Quarter Note-Quarter Note D12 Dotted quarter notes-sixteenth notes-sixteenth notes

In addition to these twelve duration streams, which are both permanently listed and encoded, the compression software, in this embodiment, adds an eighth code for repeating these streams and a sixteenth code for executing the number of iterations of each stream that is also repeated. Search for more general or more interesting duration streams to encode in your work.

In the duration-related message part, the code C12, which specifies a change in the encoding type, is usually followed by a new encoding, in particular,

A stream specific to any piece of music

-Same stream as provided by other channels

Is followed by a sign.

Similarly, in the case of musical note tones provided by code in a message grouped over a code stream grouped with respect to duration, the tone coding type is used in the message.

The first encoding type is configured to encode the duration with an absolute value assigned 128 codes within ten consecutive octaves according to the following table.

Octave Number (0-10) Degree Degree# re re# beauty wave wave# brush brush# la la# city 0 0 One 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 One 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 2 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 3 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 4 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 5 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 6 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 7 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 8 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 9 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 10 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127

According to one solution of the present invention in which the pitch of the first note is encoded with the absolute value according to Table 3 above and starts at the second tone, the pitch is not too far from the preceding tones, the following Table 4 Are encoded in relative values so as to precede them.

sign meaning E1 7 major E2 6 major E3 5 major E4 4 major E5 3 major E6 2 major E7 1 major E8 No pitch change E9 1 forging E10 Forging 2 E11 3 forging E12 4 forging E13 5 forging E14 6 forging E15 7 forging E16 Change sign

When the degree of separation between two consecutive notes is equal to the distance at which individual notes are no longer encoded in the table, the spaced notes are encoded as absolute values, and the next note is again relative to its preceding note. Is encoded.

Furthermore, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the compression software is a work provided in the eighth code for repeating these streams in this embodiment and the sixteenth code for executing the repetition number of each stream which is also repeated. Search for a more common tonal stream to encode.

Further, code E16 can designate changes in tone coding, such as absolute coding, relative coding, and repeated streams within a musical piece. Further, the change in encoding may consist of actually applying to subsequent notes, changing musical instruments for subsequent notes, and repeating conventional sounds (note streams of the same tone and duration as repeated streams).

Claims (22)

In the method of encoding a musical piece, Two different encodings are provided for a group of notes, Here, one of the encodings relates to the pitch of the note, the other of the encodings relates to the duration of the note, and the encodings are one portion for the tones and the other for the duration. Generated as a result of the specified compression algorithm. Method of encoding a piece of music. The method of claim 1, For the note of the one group, the sign representing the tone forms a first group, and the sign representing the duration forms a second group separate from the first group. Method of encoding a piece of music. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The encoding of the tones of one note is a relative value based on the other note. Method of encoding a piece of music. The method of claim 3, The coding of the tones of one note is relative to the fixed reference tones. Method of encoding a piece of music. The method of claim 3, The encoding of the tones of one note is relative to the preceding note. Method of encoding a piece of music. The method of claim 5, The preceding note is a previous note Method of encoding a piece of music. The method according to claim 1 or 2, A predetermined sign is performed on the stream defined by the tone of the note. Method of encoding a piece of music. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, The duration of the note is encoded, particularly when assigning a predetermined sign to the current continuous duration. Method of encoding a piece of music. The method of claim 8, The continuous duration includes a dotted note and a double note Method of encoding a piece of music. The method according to claim 8 or 9, The predetermined sign is assigned to a portion of the current continuous duration, and a lower duration is obtained by dividing the duration corresponding to the portion of the current consecutive duration by the total number so as to start with the same sign. Method of encoding a piece of music. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, The predetermined sign is assigned for some of the current consecutive durations, and a higher duration is obtained by multiplying the total duration by the corresponding number of the current consecutive durations so as to start with the same sign. Method of encoding a piece of music. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, The predetermined sign is assigned to each stream defined by the duration of the note. Method of encoding a piece of music. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, The predetermined sign is performed on the current stream of note duration. Method of encoding a piece of music. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, In the case of encoding of multiple channels designed to be reproduced at the same time, and when the tones of the continuous notes and / or the continuous durations of the notes are the same, the notes of these channels are decoded, and for the other channels, the tones and / or A sign is provided that indicates that the duration is equivalent Method of encoding a piece of music. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, The sign specifically specifies the repetition of a tonal stream that has already been defined in pitch and duration. Method of encoding a piece of music. In the method of decoding a music piece, For a group of notes, a decompression algorithm is applied, in which the notes' pitch and the duration of the notes are decoded separately, one part is specified for the note's tones, and the other part is specified for the note's duration. felled How to decrypt a music piece. The method of claim 16, The sign indicating the tone forming the first group and the sign indicating the duration of forming the second group separately from the first group are different, first decoding the entire group and then decoding the other group. How to decrypt a music piece. The method according to claim 16 or 17, The tone of the note is represented by a relative value based on another note, and the decoding is configured to add the relative value to a reference value to decode the note. How to decrypt a music piece. As a music production device such as a server, The apparatus for producing a musical piece includes encoding means adapted to call a method according to any one of claims 1 to 15. Music Works Talking Device. 19. Made to invoke a method according to any of claims 16-18. Music piece decoding device. Of the decoding apparatus according to claim 20 applied to a mobile telephone Program product. A mobile telephone according to claim 21, wherein the encoded signal is received by a path included in a group consisting of a short message path, a data path and a main path. Cell Phone.