KR19990055411A - Generator of Absorption Heat Pump - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a generator of an absorption heat pump, comprising: a rectifier (40) for rectifying with ammonia vapor having high purity;

A condenser 110 for condensing the purified ammonia vapor in the rectifier 40;

The ammonia refrigerant condensed in the condenser 110 flows into the evaporator 30, and the refrigerant vapor evaporated by receiving heat from the evaporator coil moves to the absorber 100, and flows inside the evaporator coil of the evaporator 30 to evaporate. Cold water whose temperature is lowered by taking heat into the refrigerant is an evaporator 30 used for cooling;

The refrigerant vapor that has moved to the absorber 100 is separated into ammonia vapor from the generator 10, and the aqueous solution of ammonia with dilute concentration is introduced into the absorber 100 and dispersed on the surface of the cooling coil to form a liquid film. In the lower and absorbed ammonia vapor introduced from the evaporator, the concentration of the aqueous ammonia solution is sent by the solution pump is composed of a generator (10) to form a cooling cycle;

The generator 10 is divided into an inner cylinder 321 and an outer cylinder 320, the inner cylinder 321 has an exhaust port 350 thereon, and the upper portion of the inner cylinder 321 has a hemispherical head 314. It is connected to the exhaust port and provided with a metal fiber burner 200 in the inner center of the lower inner cylinder, radiant heat of the metal fiber burner 200 from the mixing chamber provided in the lower burner 200 is heated under the inner cylinder 321 and In addition, the combustion gas rises along the inner cylinder 321 and is exhausted through the head 314 and the exhaust port 315 of the inner cylinder 321, so that the heat transfer path is in line with the heating area shape and the heated area shape. It is configured to heat the solution through the inner wall of the radiant energy due to metal fiber combustion, so that the heat source is at the center of the object to be heated.

In addition, the gas burned by the metal fiber burner 200 is increased along the inner cylinder and heat exchanged with the solvent in the generator through the heat exchange fins provided in the inner cylinder 321 to increase the heat transfer area, and reuse the heat to increase the thermal efficiency. It is.

Description

Generator of Absorption Heat Pump

The present invention relates to a generator of an absorption type heat pump using a refrigerant such as ammonia and water as an absorbent liquid, and more particularly, to compensate for the disadvantage that the thermal efficiency of the generator is low, or liquid separation by ammonia concentration is not easy. In addition to miniaturizing the size, it is invented to obtain high efficiency.

Absorption air conditioner using ammonia as a refrigerant and water as an absorbing liquid is a generator that generates refrigerant vapor (ammonia vapor) and a rectifier for rectifying it into ammonia vapor with a purity of 99.8% or higher. The condenser, the ammonia refrigerant condensed in the condenser is introduced into the evaporator, the refrigerant vapor evaporated by receiving heat from the evaporator coil is moved to the absorber, the cold water flowing in the evaporator evaporator coil is deprived of heat to the evaporating refrigerant to lower the temperature The refrigerant vapor moved to the evaporator and absorber used for cooling is separated into ammonia vapor from the generator, and the diluted ammonia aqueous solution flows into the absorber and is dispersed on the surface of the cooling coil to form a liquid film. Absorbs the incoming ammonia vapor Triazine ammonia aqueous solution is sent to the generator by a liquid pump is subjected to cooling to form a cooling cycle.

The ammonia absorption cycle uses a solution heat exchanger and a refrigerant heat exchanger to improve efficiency and performance, and various methods have been invented to improve the coefficient of absorption of the absorption heat pump in the cycle. And known as the best method.

In the case of water / ammonia absorption heat pumps, due to the large concentration difference, the temperature at the absorber and generator inlet and outlet is greater than the low temperature of the generator.

This is called temperature nesting, and it uses this useful heat.

Conventionally, as shown in Figures 2a and 2b generator of the ammonia-absorbing heat pump is a generator for heating the side wall of the generator surrounded by a plate-shaped heat exchanger fin vertically to separate the ammonia gas and the chemical solution with low ammonia concentration 701 and a generator 702 in which a high temperature combustion gas, which is burned by heating a generator in a cylinder dome shape at the bottom, circulates inside the dome and is led to the outside of the dome to lengthen the heat transfer path, thereby increasing thermal efficiency.

In the conventional heating method, the side heating method using a pipe burner has a disadvantage in that the gas burned by the pipe burner locally heats the generator and most of the gas passes through the exhaust port, resulting in a high heat loss.

In addition, the generator of the heating method of the vessel can boil the solution inside, so that the concentration of the solution in the generator is not easy to separate, so the concentration of the solution sent to the absorber can be high, which can act to reduce the efficiency of the absorption chiller or air conditioner. have.

In addition, in order to increase the capacity of the burner by increasing the number of slit burners, the burned area of the burner becomes larger in the long direction of the quadrangle. Enlarge.

This increase in diameter is a high pressure of 1.5MPa in the case of ammonia generator, so the thickness of the generator is thick to withstand such pressure, which makes the size of the generator as a whole and the heat transfer efficiency decreases, resulting in increased generator efficiency. There was a downside to reducing it.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a generator with maximized performance.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a generator suitable for a small or domestic absorption chiller or air conditioner by miniaturizing its size.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a generator that is easy to separate the liquid by ammonia concentration to improve the durability and performance of the product.

1 is a principle diagram of the absorption heat pump system of the present invention

2a and 2b is a device diagram showing the generator structure of a conventional absorption heat pump

Figure 3 is a front view showing the generator of the absorption heat pump of the present invention

Figures 4a and 4b is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the metal fiber burner of the absorption heat pump generator of the present invention

Figure 5 is a perspective view showing the outside of the generator of the absorption heat pump of the present invention

Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

10-Generator 20-GAX Absorber

30-Evaporator 40-Rectifier

50-GAX Part 60-Solution Cooling Absorber

70-Solution Pump 80-Refrigerant Heat Exchanger

90-GAX Generator 100-Absorber

110-Condenser 200-Metal Fiber Burners

201-Cone Type Metal Fiber Burner 202-Cylinder Type Metal Fiber Burner

300-Manifold 400-Premixed Room

401-Igniter 402-Frame Rod

701,702-Pipe Burners

The object of the present invention is to provide a rectifier 40 for rectifying the ammonia vapor having high purity of claim 1;

A condenser 110 for condensing the purified ammonia vapor in the rectifier 40;

The ammonia refrigerant condensed in the condenser 110 flows into the evaporator 30, and the refrigerant vapor evaporated by receiving heat from the evaporator coil moves to the absorber 100, and flows inside the evaporator coil of the evaporator 30 to evaporate. Cold water whose temperature is lowered by taking heat into the refrigerant is an evaporator 30 used for cooling;

The refrigerant vapor that has moved to the absorber 100 is separated into ammonia vapor from the generator 10, and the aqueous solution of ammonia with dilute concentration is introduced into the absorber 100 and dispersed on the surface of the cooling coil to form a liquid film. In the lower and absorbed ammonia vapor introduced from the evaporator, the concentration of the aqueous ammonia solution is sent by the solution pump is composed of a generator (10) to form a cooling cycle;

The generator 10 is divided into an inner cylinder 321 and an outer cylinder 320, the inner cylinder 321 has an exhaust port 350 thereon, and the upper portion of the inner cylinder 321 has a hemispherical head 314. It is connected to the exhaust port and provided with a metal fiber burner 200 in the inner center of the lower inner cylinder, radiant heat of the metal fiber burner 200 from the mixing chamber provided in the lower burner 200 is heated under the inner cylinder 321 and In addition, the combustion gas is achieved by being configured to exhaust through the head 314 and the exhaust port 315 of the inner cylinder 321 while rising along the inner cylinder 321.

The metal fiber burner 406 is preferably conical or cylindrical.

Therefore, the heating area is the same as the area to be heated so that the heat transfer path is in a straight line, and the radiant energy by metal fiber combustion is configured to heat the solution through the inner wall. High heat efficiency due to low heat loss.

In addition, the gas burned by the metal fiber burner 200 is increased along the inner cylinder and heat exchanged with the solvent in the generator through the heat exchange fins provided in the inner cylinder 321 to increase the heat transfer area, and reuse the heat to increase the thermal efficiency. It is.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is an overall circuit diagram showing an absorption heat pump system of the present invention, and FIG. 3 shows a generator structure of the absorption heat pump in a front view.

4A and 4B show a perspective view of an embodiment of a metal vibrator burner, and FIG. 5 shows the exterior of the generator in a perspective view.

The operating principle of the ammonia absorption heat pump as shown in Figure 1 is to absorb the evaporation heat generated when the refrigerant (ammonia) evaporates in the absorption solution (water or rare solution) to take the heat, and to absorb the heat absorbed appropriate cooling means (cooling tower Alternatively, the heat is released to the outside using an air-cooled cooling device, and when the refrigerant evaporates, the heat is deprived of heat, and the cooled evaporator 30 is appropriately exchanged for cooling or freezing, and the ammonia concentration is increased through absorption of the refrigerant (ammonia). The elevated absorbent solution is allowed to be regenerated by appropriate heating means.

The absorption type air conditioner using ammonia as a refrigerant and water absorbent as an absorbent includes a generator 10 for generating refrigerant vapor (ammonia vapor) and a rectifier 40 for rectifying it into high purity ammonia vapor. The condenser 110 condensing ammonia vapor, the ammonia refrigerant condensed in the condenser 110 is introduced into the evaporator 30, the refrigerant vapor evaporated by receiving heat from the evaporator coil is moved to the absorber 100, the evaporator The cold water flowing in the evaporation coil of 30 to the heat evaporated by the refrigerant evaporated, the evaporator 30 used for cooling, the refrigerant vapor moved to the absorber 100 is separated into ammonia vapor in the generator (10) Aqueous solution of dilute ammonia flows into the absorber 100 and is scattered on the surface of the cooling coil to form a liquid film, and flows down in the vertical direction. And an absorber 100 for absorbing the ammonia vapor, and a solution pump 70 for sending the ammonia solution having a higher concentration to the generator.

The absorption heat pump configured as described above is heated by gas combustion in the generator 10 to obtain a solution (medical solution) in which ammonia, a refrigerant having a low boiling point, evaporates and ammonia concentration is reduced.

This solution is sent to the absorber and the steam generated in the generator contains a lot of water vapor in addition to ammonia, so the ammonia concentration is increased in the rectifier 40 to the condenser 110.

The ammonia vapor, whose concentration is increased to 99.8% through the rectifier, is condensed in the condenser, and the condensed ammonia solution (strong solution) is sent to the evaporator 30, sprayed by the feeder to the evaporator heat pipe, and evaporated in the evaporator heat pipe. Cooling effect is obtained. The evaporated ammonia refrigerant is introduced into the absorber 100 through the refrigerant heat exchanger and absorbed by the absorbing solution (medical solution) that is sprayed on the absorber heat pipe. The heat of absorption absorbed by the absorber is released to the atmosphere.

Absorption solution (strong solution), the concentration of which is increased in the absorber 100, is introduced into the generator 10 through several heat exchangers to increase efficiency by a solution pump, and a cycle is configured to repeat the regeneration process. maintain.

In the present invention, the cooling cycle is performed as follows.

The ammonia solution level inside the generator, which consists of the inner cylinder 321 and the outer cylinder 320, is located between the laminar flow stage 380 located below the generator and the lower GAX heat exchanger 330 of the GAX generator. The ammonia solution is filled.

The ammonia medicinal solution is heated by the gas burner through the inner cylinder 321, the temperature of the solution rises, the ammonia solution near the inner cylinder 321 is higher than the solution on the outer cylinder 320 side and generated on the inner cylinder side Ammonia generates a large amount of ammonia vapor and the ammonia gas rises upward through the cutout 322 provided inside the laminar flow stage 321 along the inner cylinder wall.

In addition, the ammonia solution located on the outer cylinder 320 side becomes a low concentration of ammonia solution as the ammonia gas rises along the inner wall of the inner cylinder 321, and the outer circumferential side 381 of the outer cylinder 320 along the outer surface of the outer cylinder 320 and the inner cylinder. Descend into the space between the walls.

The laminar flow stage in which a plurality of laminar flow stages 321 are stacked is ammonia solution of the laminar flow stage located at the upper side by the flow of such ammonia solution and gas at each laminar flow stage, so that the concentration becomes high and becomes a strong solution. As the concentration becomes thinner, the laminar flow stages 381 change to different concentrations.

At the bottom of the laminar stage 381, the medicinal solution with the lowest ammonia concentration is located, and the medicinal solution moves to the GAX ejector at the pressure of the generator through the medicinal liquid extraction tube 324 provided at the laminar stage.

The pressure of the generator typically reaches 1.5 MPa and at this pressure, the evaporator evaporates from the ammonia solution evaporator 30 and draws the ammonia gas moved to the absorber 100, and passes through the GAX heat exchanger 330 again to absorb the absorber 100. So that it is sprayed onto the absorber coil.

The ammonia gas vaporized by burner heat in the laminar flow stage rises to reach the rectification stage 340 located at the top of the generator, and the gas movement hole provided at the inner side of the inner cylinder 321 wall of the supply plate 342 located at the bottom of the rectification stage. Ascending through the (343), to reach the rectifier stage 340 and moves to the space formed with the cutout portion 343 and the outer cylinder 320 wall provided in the rectifier stage, and move in both circumferential direction at the rectifier stage, again incision Continue to ascend up the path between the negative and the outer wall.

As described above, the elevated ammonia gas moves to the condensation rectifier 520 through the pipe 650 provided on the upper part of the generator, and changes the ammonia gas moved to one inner wall surface of the condensation rectifier in the opposite direction to reverse the direction. The condensation coil 521 of the condensed water vapor of the ammonia gas containing some water vapor is condensed with high purity and moved to the air-cooled cooling condenser 100.

Water vapor condensed in the condensation rectifier is in a liquid state, collected in the lower part of the condensation rectifier, and the liquid solution is supplied to the upper part of the rectifier.

The ammonia gas that has moved to the condenser 100 is condensed in the condenser to become a liquid refrigerant. The refrigerant heat exchanger 80 exchanges heat with the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 30 and passes through the expansion valve 99. The coil is cooled and sprinkled with cold water introduced from the indoor unit on the cooling coil, and the cold water produced by heat exchange from the evaporator coil is sent to the indoor unit to cool through the heat exchanger of the indoor unit.

The ammonia gas evaporated from the evaporator 30 moves to the absorber 100 and is absorbed by the medicinal solution sprayed on the upper part of the absorber and collected at the lower side of the absorber. The medicinal solution containing the ammonia gas moves to the absorber air cooling cooling coil 104. As it cools, the ammonia gas melts into the medicinal solution, resulting in a strong ammonia solution.

The process releases the heat absorbed by the absorber 100 to the atmosphere through heat exchange of the air-cooled cooling coil 104.

The steel solution moves to the solution pump 70, passes through the condensation coil 521 of the condensation rectifier by the pressure of the solution pump, condenses water vapor, moves to the absorber heat exchange coil, and absorbs heat to absorb the heat. Is supplied.

The steel solution supplied to the rectifiers 340 and 340 is moved downward through a cutout provided with the plurality of rectifiers 341 in the rectifier stage, and moves along both circumferential paths at each rectifier stage. Is rectified and lowered while vaporizing, and reaches the supply stage 342 provided at the lowermost stage of the rectifying stage 361, on the GAX heat exchange unit 330 through the supply hole 348 or the supply nozzle provided on the outer peripheral side of the supply stage. After being sprayed and subjected to heat exchange with the GAX heat exchange coil, the laminar flow stage 380 is moved to the upper part to regenerate.

The combustion gas of the burner located under the generator heats the laminar flow stage 380 and rises along the inner cylinder 321 and passes through the heat exchange fins 306 provided on the inner wall of the inner cylinder to heat the middle and upper portions of the rise generator. It is gradually lowered and exhausted through the exhaust port 350.

When heating, the heating and cooling switching valve indicated by the dotted line blocks the flow path to the condenser and the absorber during cooling and flows into the flow passage indicated by the dotted line.

This action is the hot steam generated in the generator 10 is directed to the evaporator 30 without moving to the condenser to heat the evaporator heat pipe and takes the heat source of heating through heat exchange with the evaporator heat pipe.

The ammonia solution condensed by dissipating heat by heating is circulated to the generator through the rectifier solution cooling absorber and the GAX generator 90 by a solution pump at the bottom of the absorber to be reheated, and the heating cycle is maintained to continuously perform heating.

When heating, do not allow cooling of the condenser and absorber. That is, in the case of air cooling, the cooling fan is stopped and in the case of water cooling, the cooling water pump is not operated so that unnecessary heat is not released to the outside air.

In particular, the condenser in the condenser 110 is not cooled to prevent condensation.

On the other hand, the generator of the ammonia absorption heat pump of the present invention is an absorption type heat pump (cooler, heater or cold water heater) in which the generator 10, the rectifier 40 or the GAX generator 90 is separated, the generator 10 is a cylinder type inner cylinder 321 and the outer cylinder 320.

There is a solution in the space between the inner cylinder 321 and the outer cylinder 320, and the inner surface of the inner cylinder 321 is provided with a metal fiber burner 200 of a cone type or a cylinder type at the lower center of the inner cylinder 321 to radiate the inner cylinder 321 by radiant heat. After heating, it is configured to reheat the inner inner wall of the inner cylinder 321 while ascending along the inner cylinder of the combustion gas to regenerate the solution inside the generator.

The inside of the generator is provided with a ring-shaped stainless steel coil 324 and the lower portion of the stainless coil 324 is provided with a chemical solution inlet (304).

In addition, a chemical solution outlet 303 is provided on the generator outer cylinder 320 to form a pipe 303 through which the chemical solution moves to the absorber 100, to increase the heat transfer efficiency inside the generator inner cylinder, and to increase the temperature in the generator vertical direction. The plate-shaped stainless or copper bent plate heat exchanger fins 306 are installed to be uniform.

On the other hand, the heat exchanger fin 306 is provided to be bonded to the inner wall of the generator inner cylinder 321 by brazing to increase the heat transfer effect to prevent high temperature corrosion by hot combustion gas.

The metal fiber burner 200 which is a heating source of the generator has a combustion area having a cone type 201 and a cylindrical burner 202 so that the heating area shape and the heating area (inner tube) shape are the same so that the heat transfer path is straight In this case, radiant energy from metal fiber combustion heats the solution through the inner wall.

Therefore, the heat source is low in the center of the heating element, resulting in high thermal efficiency.

In addition, while the gas burned in the metal fiber burner 200 rises along the inner cylinder, the heat transfer area is widened by exchanging heat with the solution in the generator through the heat exchange fin 306 provided in the inner cylinder.

Further, by reusing heat, a more compact generator can be configured to increase thermal efficiency, thereby miniaturizing an absorption type air conditioner.

The generator of the present invention can be applied to a configuration in which the rectifier 40 or the GAX generator 90 is separated from the generator 10 in an absorption type air conditioner or a cold / hot water generator configured as described above, and the shape of the metal fiber used is a cone type. Metal fiber burner 202 in the form of 201 or cylinder may be used, and in addition to ammonia-absorbing heat pump is an invention that can be applied to a cold or hot water or air-conditioner with lithium bromide as an absorbent.

The present invention is configured such that the heat transfer path is in a straight line with the heating area shape and the heated area shape being the same, so that radiant energy due to metal fiber combustion heats the solution through the inner wall. High heat efficiency due to low heat loss in the center of the sieve.

In addition, the gas burned by the metal fiber burner 200 is increased along the inner cylinder and heat exchanged with the solvent in the generator through the heat exchange fins provided in the inner cylinder 321 to increase the heat transfer area, and reuse the heat to increase the thermal efficiency. It is.

Claims (3)

A rectifier 40 for rectifying with ammonia vapor having high purity; A condenser 110 for condensing the purified ammonia vapor in the rectifier 40; The ammonia refrigerant condensed in the condenser 110 flows into the evaporator 30, and the refrigerant vapor evaporated by receiving heat from the evaporator coil moves to the absorber 100, and flows inside the evaporator coil of the evaporator 30 to evaporate. Cold water whose temperature is lowered by taking heat into the refrigerant is an evaporator 30 used for cooling; The refrigerant vapor that has moved to the absorber 100 is separated into ammonia vapor from the generator 10, and the aqueous solution of ammonia with dilute concentration is introduced into the absorber 100 and dispersed on the surface of the cooling coil to form a liquid film. In the lower and absorbed ammonia vapor introduced from the evaporator, the concentration of the aqueous ammonia solution is sent by the solution pump is composed of a generator (10) to form a cooling cycle; The generator 10 is divided into an inner cylinder 321 and an outer cylinder 320, the inner cylinder 321 has an exhaust port 350 thereon, and the upper portion of the inner cylinder 321 has a hemispherical head 314. It is connected to the exhaust port and provided with a metal fiber burner 200 in the inner center of the lower inner cylinder, radiant heat of the metal fiber burner 200 from the mixing chamber provided in the lower burner 200 is heated under the inner cylinder 321 and In addition, the absorber of the absorption type heat pump, characterized in that the combustion gas rises along the inner cylinder 321 through the head 314 and the exhaust port 315 of the inner cylinder 321. The absorber of claim 1, wherein the metal fiber burner (406) is conical. The absorber of claim 1, wherein the metal fiber burner (406) is cylindrical.