KR102774229B1 - High-rise apartment fire shelter - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fire shelter for evacuation when a fire breaks out in a high-rise apartment building. The shelter integrates the existing evacuation spaces, into which members of two neighboring households could each evacuate, into one, thereby securing a large area of a common area evacuation room, thereby enabling evacuation of all members of each household, including bed-using patients, and supplies compressed air to the gaps between fire doors and the fire doors to prevent smoke generated by a fire from penetrating into the common area evacuation room. In addition, cooling water is supplied to the flame-retardant tube and the fire door to prevent them from being easily destroyed by flames. Furthermore, cooling water is supplied to the flame-retardant fabric that blocks the fire door, thereby allowing the flame-retardant fabric (81) to protect the fire door for a long period of time, thereby securing sufficient time for evacuees to evacuate to a safe place, thereby reducing or eliminating loss of life.

Description

High-rise apartment fire shelter

The present invention relates to a fire shelter for use in evacuating when a fire breaks out in a high-rise apartment building, and more particularly, to a high-rise apartment fire shelter in which conventional evacuation spaces, into which members of two neighboring households could each evacuate, are integrated into one to secure a large area of a common area evacuation room, thereby enabling all members of each household, including bed-using patients, to evacuate, and compressed air is supplied to the gaps between fire doors and the fire doors to prevent smoke generated by a fire from penetrating into the common area evacuation room, while cooling water is supplied to flame-retardant tubes and fire doors to prevent them from being easily destroyed by flames, and further, cooling water is supplied to flame-retardant fabric blocking the fire door so that the flame-retardant fabric protects the fire door for a long period of time, thereby securing sufficient time for evacuees to evacuate to a safe place, thereby reducing or eliminating loss of life.

If a fire breaks out in a very large building, such as a large apartment or large building where many people live, evacuees must quickly evacuate outside through the front door, but if they are unable to escape outside, they must evacuate using rescue equipment such as fire escapes installed inside, or with outside help such as a high ladder from a fire truck.

If a fire breaks out in a building with a fire escape device, you can only evacuate by moving to the location where the fire escape device is installed. Even if you reach the fire escape device, if you are not familiar with how to use it, you often do not know how to use it and end up wasting time, unfortunately failing to evacuate.

In this way, when a fire breaks out in a high-rise building and you cannot evacuate on your own, you have no choice but to move to a place like a balcony where you can take refuge for a short time and wait for outside help. However, since the height of the fire truck's high ladder is limited to 15 floors, there is a practical problem that if a fire breaks out on the upper floors of a high-rise building, it will not be able to save evacuees because it is too short.

To solve these problems, in the case of high-rise buildings, especially high-rise apartments, an independent evacuation room (100) is provided on the balcony of each household on each floor as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in preparation for situations where evacuation outside the front door is not possible, and a so-called downward evacuation exit is provided so that evacuation can be continuously carried out by moving downward to the evacuation room on the lower floor using a ladder (110) extended from the evacuation room (100).

More specifically, the top-down evacuation shelter is so designed that the evacuation rooms (100) between neighboring households are separated by a partition wall (120) so as to be independent from each other so as to fundamentally block the entry and exit of members of neighboring households, and a cover (140) that blocks a passage (130) connected to the evacuation room on the lower floor is rotatably mounted on a hinge on the floor, and when the cover (140) is opened and the fixed state of the ladder (110) mounted on the bottom of the cover (140) is released, the ladder (110) is extended to the evacuation room on the lower floor, so that evacuees can move to the evacuation room on the lower floor through the passage (130) and the ladder (110). If the lower floor is also determined to be dangerous from fire, the cover (141) of the evacuation room on the lower floor can be opened and the evacuation can be continued downward to the evacuation room on the lower floor that is safe from fire in the same way.

However, since the above-mentioned downward evacuation route is blocked by a bulkhead (120), the evacuation room (100) is narrow, and furthermore, the passageway (130) opened by the cover (140) is limited to a size where only one adult can pass through, so that wheelchairs or beds cannot move, so a guardian must carry a patient using a wheelchair or bed on his or her back and pass through the passageway (130), but even this is impossible, so in reality, the patients cannot evacuate, and there is a problem that loss of life cannot be avoided. Furthermore, in the case of a bed patient, if the patient's condition is so serious that he or she cannot be carried on the guardian's back, there is a problem that there is no way to rescue him or her any longer.

Patent document 1 regarding a fire escape room for high-rise buildings is a downward-facing evacuation shelter of the Republic of Korea Publication No. 10-2023-0012856, which was published on January 26, 2023.

The above patent document 1 has a rectangular cross-section with a first side, a second side, a third side, and a fourth side, and a storage frame with an open upper and lower surface;

An upper cover provided on the open upper surface of the storage frame, the one end of which is connected to the first side and rotates to open and close the upper surface of the storage frame;

A lower cover provided on the open lower surface of the storage frame, one end of which is joined to the fourth side facing the first side to open and close the lower surface of the storage frame by rotating;

An upper ladder portion formed on the inner surface of the upper cover and provided inside the storage frame;

A lower ladder part connected to the lower end of the upper ladder part;

A roller support that protrudes vertically from the inner surface of the upper cover to a certain length and has a roller portion attached to one end;

A deployable member provided on each of the second and third sides of the storage frame to rotate the lower cover by rotating the upper cover; and

It includes an upper cover support part which is provided on the inner side of the second and third sides and on the lower side of the upper ladder part, and supports the upper cover when the upper surface of the storage frame is opened by rotating the upper cover, thereby limiting the rotation of the upper cover.

However, as already explained in the case of the above patent document 1, since the ladder extends downward through the lower cover (56), there is still a problem that patients with physical disabilities cannot escape to the lower floor through the ladder.

Republic of Korea Publication Patent No. 10-2023-0012856

Accordingly, the present invention is intended to solve various problems of the above-described high-rise apartment fire shelter, and the problem it seeks to solve is to provide a high-rise apartment fire shelter which integrates the evacuation place where each household member evacuates in the event of a fire into a common area evacuation room where two neighboring households can jointly evacuate, and which extends across all floors, and which eliminates stairs in the pedestrian evacuation route so that even wheelchair-bound patients or bed-bound patients can use the common area evacuation route to evacuate to a safe place.

Another problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-rise apartment fire shelter which can safely protect evacuees who have taken refuge in the common area shelter by supplying compressed air between a fire door installed in a common area shelter of each household and the gap where the fire door is installed so that the air pressure therein is higher than the air pressure outside the fire door, thereby blocking smoke containing toxic gases generated by a fire from penetrating into the common area shelter.

Another problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-rise apartment fire shelter that supplies cooling water to a flame-retardant tube installed in a window with a fire door and to the inside of the fire door to cool the flame-retardant tube and the fire door, thereby preventing or suppressing the flame-retardant tube and the fire door from being destroyed by flames in the event of a fire, thereby allowing evacuees who have taken refuge in a common area evacuation room sufficient time to evacuate to a safe place.

Another problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-rise apartment fire shelter in which a flame retardant foam film is formed on the outside of a fire door to protect the fire door in the event of a fire, and cooling water is supplied to the flame retardant foam to prevent the flame retardant foam from being lost or lost for a long time due to the flame, thereby allowing evacuees who have taken refuge in a common area evacuation room to secure sufficient time to evacuate to a safe place.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned problem, the high-rise apartment fire shelter of the present invention comprises a common area evacuation room provided on all floors of the apartment, in which the evacuation routes of the common area, through which two adjacent households on each floor of the high-rise apartment can enter and exit respectively, are connected vertically;

Windows installed at the boundary of each household on each floor and the common area refuge room;

A fire door installed in the above window and manually operated to open and close the window;

A fire-retardant tube that is accommodated in the storage room of the above window and has its exposed portion sealed against the fire door that closes the window to block smoke generated by a fire from penetrating into the common area evacuation room;

A smoke detector that detects smoke generated by a fire;

A compressor that supplies compressed air to the gap between the window and the fire door and the interior space of the fire door by operating according to the command of the controller when the above smoke detection sensor detects smoke, thereby making the air pressure therein higher than the air pressure outside the fire door, thereby preventing smoke from penetrating into the common area evacuation room through the gap and the fire door;

A cooling water supply means that supplies cooling water to the flame retardant tube and the fire door exposed outside the common area refuge room by driving the pump according to the command of the controller when the above smoke detection sensor detects smoke, thereby cooling the flame retardant tube and the fire door; and

A fire door blocking means is provided, in which a fire retardant cloth is installed in a manner of being able to be raised and lowered at the upper front portion separate from the fire door, and when a user operates the fire retardant cloth, the fire retardant cloth is lowered along a slot to block the fire door.

The common area refuge room of the present invention has a supply fan installed at the bottom to force fresh air into the common area refuge room, and an exhaust fan installed at the top to exhaust air in the common area refuge room to the outside, thereby ventilating the air in the common area refuge room.

The window of the present invention comprises a frame having storage rooms on all sides of a receiving space for receiving a fire door so as to store air supplied from a compressor, and a storage room for receiving a fire-retardant tube is concavely formed on the inner circumference.

Here, the frame has a passage through which air stored in the storage room can be supplied through the gap between the inlet and the fire door, and an outlet protrudes so that the stored air can be inserted into the interior space of the fire door with the window closed.

The fire door of the present invention has a receiving groove that receives an outlet of a window so that compressed air supplied from a compressor can be supplied to the internal space, and a blocking wall is built in so that when cooling water supplied by a cooling water supply means penetrates into the internal space through the receiving groove, the penetrated cooling water is concentrated at the outer edge of the internal space and filled first, and a hole is penetrated in the upper part of the blocking wall so that the cooling water is filled in the filling space and then filled inside the blocking wall.

The cooling water supply means of the present invention comprises a water tap connected to a water pipe that is piped to a common area refuge room located near the fire door of each household;

A water tank that stores water supplied from the above water source and whose water supply is cut off by a control means when the supplied water reaches a set water level;

A water supply pipe extending from the above water tank, branched, one end connected to a fire-retardant tube, and the other end routed to the top of the fire door outside the common area refuge room;

A first water sprayer mounted on the end of a water supply pipe that extends to the upper part of the fire door and sprays cooling water onto the fire door; and

It includes a pump installed in the above water supply pipe path and sending cooling water stored in a water tank to a flame retardant tube and a first water injector by a command from a controller that receives a signal from a smoke detection sensor.

The fire door blocking means of the present invention comprises a fire retardant cloth which is wound in a bundle shape and is capable of being unrolled and rolled up, and is mounted on the upper front portion separate from the fire door, having a wider width and height than the fire door;

A housing in which the flame retardant cloth is wound around a rotatably mounted roller and stored in a bundle shape, and in which an outlet is formed so that the flame retardant cloth can be released and taken out;

A weight body mounted on the end of the flame retardant cloth that extends out through the exit of the above housing, and which provides weight to release the flame retardant cloth when the roller is released from the stationary state by the user's operation in the event of a fire, thereby allowing the flame retardant cloth to cover and block the fire door;

Slots installed at both ends of the raised and lowered flame retardant fabric to accommodate the weight and the flame retardant fabric when they are raised and lowered and to restrain the raising and lowering positions;

A flame retardant curtain detection sensor mounted at the bottom of the above slot, which detects when the flame retardant curtain descends and blocks the fire door in the event of a fire; and

A locking means for fixing or releasing a flame retardant cloth wound on the roller;

Here, when the flame retardant fabric is lowered to close and block the fire door, if the flame retardant fabric detection sensor detects the flame retardant fabric, a valve is opened by a command from the controller, and a second water sprayer mounted on the end of the water supply pipe sprays cooling water onto the flame retardant fabric to cool the flame retardant fabric;

The above locking means is a hook positioned above the center of the roller and mounted inside the housing;

A control line having one end wound around the above hook and extending outside the housing to a position where the user can operate it by hand; and

A weight is included, which is fixed to the other end of the control line wound around the above hook and is positioned above the center of the flame retardant cloth wound around the roller, and prevents the flame retardant cloth (81) wound in the form of a roll from being loosened arbitrarily by being in close contact with the housing and the flame retardant cloth, and when the user pulls the control line, it moves upward and releases the stationary state of the flame retardant cloth when separated from the flame retardant cloth.

The present invention, configured as described above, has an advantage in that it can prevent loss of life by ensuring a larger escape route than before for the common area evacuation room where evacuees take refuge in the event of a fire, and by not constructing stairs, so that not only healthy people but also patients in wheelchairs or patients using beds can evacuate to the common area evacuation room.

In addition, the present invention has the advantage of safely protecting evacuees who have taken refuge in the common area refuge room since the air supplied between the fire door installed in the common area refuge room and the gap where the fire door is installed is compressed air supplied by a compressor, and the air pressure therein is higher than the air pressure outside the fire door, so smoke containing toxic gases generated by a fire cannot penetrate into the common area refuge room.

In addition, the present invention prevents or suppresses the flame retardant tube and fire door from being destroyed by high-temperature flames by supplying cooling water to the inside of the flame retardant tube and fire door to cool them, so that sufficient time can be secured for evacuees who have taken refuge in a common area evacuation room to move to a safe place, thereby reducing the loss of life.

In addition, the present invention has the advantage of reducing loss of life as the flame retardant foam curtain operated by the user in the event of a fire blocks the outside of the fire door, and furthermore, the flame retardant foam blocking the fire door is supplied with cooling water so that the flame retardant foam is not lost from the flame or is not lost for a long time, thereby allowing evacuees who have taken refuge in a common area evacuation room to secure more time to evacuate to a safe place.

Figure 1 is a floor plan showing the independent evacuation rooms of two neighboring households on each floor of a conventional apartment.
Figure 2 is a photograph showing the cover of a conventional downward-facing evacuation shelter opened and the ladder extended to the lower floor evacuation room.
Figure 3 is a floor plan showing a drive zone evacuation room in which two adjacent generations of evacuation rooms on each floor to which the present invention is applied are integrated into one evacuation room.
Figure 4 is a front view of the common area shelter of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of the common area evacuation room of the present invention, in which an additional evacuation route is installed between each floor evacuation route, thereby reducing the slope of the evacuation route.
Figure 6 is a cross-sectional side view showing the state of the fire door installation of the present invention and the compressor and cooling water supply means installed in the common area evacuation room.
Figure 7 is a cross-sectional side view of the window of the present invention.
Figure 8 is an enlarged view of the storage room of a window according to the present invention.
Figure 9 is a conceptual diagram showing the first water sprayer installed on the upper outer side of the fire door of the present invention spraying cooling water onto the fire door.
Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a barrier wall installed inside the fire door of the present invention.
Figure 11 is an enlarged detailed view of the installation state of the cooling water supply means of the present invention.
Figure 12 is an enlarged detailed view of the flame retardant tube of the present invention.
Figure 13 is an enlarged detailed view showing compressed air supplied from the compressor of the present invention being supplied between a fire door and a gap in which the fire door is installed.
Figure 14 is a side view showing the state before the fire door blocking means installed on the outside of the fire door of the present invention blocks the fire door.
Figure 15 is an enlarged detailed view of the fire door blocking means of the present invention.
Figure 16 is a side view showing a state in which a fire door blocking means installed on the outside of a fire door according to the present invention blocks the fire door.

Hereinafter, the configuration of a high-rise apartment fire shelter according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

As shown in the drawing above, the high-rise apartment fire shelter (1) of the present invention is designed to prevent or minimize loss of life by moving all household members, including not only healthy people but also wheelchair users and bed users, to the shelter in the event of a fire. To this end, the partition wall (120) that previously blocked the evacuation rooms of two neighboring households on each floor is removed, and the evacuation rooms of the two households are integrated into one to secure an integrated common area evacuation room (10) large enough to allow a bed to be moved.

More specifically, the present invention comprises a common area evacuation room (10) provided on all floors of a high-rise apartment building, in which two adjacent households on each floor of the apartment building can enter and exit from the common area evacuation route (11) connected vertically;

Windows (20) installed at the boundary of each household on each floor and the common area refuge room (10);

A fire door (30) installed in the above window (20) and manually operated to open and close the window (20);

A flame retardant tube (40) that is accommodated in the storage room (21b) of the above window (20) and has an exposed portion that is in close contact with the fire door (30) that closes the window (20) to block smoke generated by a fire from penetrating into the common area evacuation room (10);

A smoke detection sensor (50) that detects smoke generated by a fire;

When the above smoke detection sensor (50) detects smoke, the compressor (60) is driven by the command of the controller to supply compressed air to the gap between the window (20) and the fire door (30) and the interior space of the fire door (30) so that the air pressure therein is higher than the air pressure outside the fire door (30) and prevents smoke from penetrating into the common area evacuation room (10) through the gap and the fire door (30);

A cooling water supply means that supplies cooling water to the flame retardant tube (40) and the fire door (30) exposed to the outside of the common area evacuation room (10) by driving the pump (75) by the command of the controller when the above smoke detection sensor (50) detects smoke, thereby cooling the flame retardant tube (40) and the fire door (30); and

A fire door blocking means is provided, in which a fire retardant cloth (81) is installed in a manner that allows it to be raised and lowered at the upper front portion separate from the fire door (30), and when the user operates the fire retardant cloth (81), it lowers along the slot (84) to block the fire door (30).

The above common area refuge room (10) is a form in which the refuge rooms of two neighboring households on each floor of an apartment are integrated into one, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, and the refuge routes (11) located on the floor are provided with an uphill refuge route (11b) and a downhill refuge route (11c) for each household on both sides of the central refuge route (11a), and each uphill refuge route (11b) is connected to the downhill refuge route (11c) of the upper floor, and the downhill refuge route (11c) is connected to the uphill refuge route (11bc) of the lower floor, so that the common area refuge room (10) is continuously connected as one throughout all floors, so that evacuees can move on foot from the top floor to the bottom floor. Therefore, no matter which floor a fire breaks out on, the household members can move to the common area refuge room (10) and then use the refuge route (11) to escape to a safe place from the fire.

The above common area evacuation room (10) is constructed by additionally constructing evacuation routes (11) between the evacuation routes (11) formed on each floor as shown in Fig. 5 and connecting them into one, so that the slope of the evacuation route (11) is gradually reduced, allowing a wheelchair or bed carrying a patient to move safely. The above common area evacuation room (10) is configured in the form of a slope with no steps so that the wheels of the wheelchair or bed can rotate smoothly while in contact.

Meanwhile, it is recommended that the above common area evacuation room (10) be installed on a balcony far from the kitchen where fires are likely to occur, and if the fire doors (30) of two neighboring households are locked, a member of a household cannot enter a household other than his or her own, so there is no problem with security in normal times when a fire does not occur.

In addition, the common area refuge room (10) is provided with a supply fan (12) installed at the bottom to force fresh air into the common area refuge room (10) and an exhaust fan (13) installed at the top to exhaust the air in the common area refuge room (10) to the outside, thereby ventilating the air in the common area refuge room (10). Since the common area refuge room (10) has no windows to prevent smoke generated by a fire from penetrating, a fan is used to ventilate the internal air. That is, since smoke rises when a fire occurs, if a supply fan (12) is installed in the common area refuge room (10) corresponding to a lower floor, for example, the first floor, and an exhaust fan (13) is installed in the common area refuge room (10) corresponding to the upper, last floor, fresh air from the outside is constantly supplied to the common area refuge room (10) and then exhausted to the outside by the exhaust fan (13), so the common area refuge room (10) is filled with fresh air.

The above window (20) is installed at the boundary between each household and the common area refuge room (10) and is opened and closed by a fire door (30). It is preferable that the window (20) be made of a metal material that is resistant to high-temperature flames. The configuration of the above window (20) is as shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, in which a frame (21) is formed with storage rooms (21a) on all sides of a storage space that accommodates a fire door (30) so as to store compressed air supplied from a compressor (60), and a storage room (21b) that accommodates a flame-retardant tube (40) is formed concavely on the inner circumference.

The above frame (21) has a passage (21d) through which compressed air stored in a storage room (21a) can be supplied to a gap (S) formed between the frame (21) and the fire door (30) through an inlet (21c), and an outlet (21e) protrudes so that the stored compressed air can be inserted into the interior space of the fire door (30) that closes the window (20).

The above fire door (30) is installed in the window (20) and is manually operated to close the window (20) in normal times to prevent members of the opposing household from intruding into the household of the person concerned. In the event of a fire, it is opened by an evacuee and then closed again when all members of the household concerned have completed their evacuation, thereby closing the window (20) and protecting the household members who have evacuated to the common area evacuation room (10). The above fire door (30) is made of a metal material that is resistant to flames in consideration of fire, and is manufactured to satisfy all legal requirements.

The configuration of the above fire door (30) is such that, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 13, a receiving groove (32) for receiving an outlet (21e) of a window (20) penetrates the internal space (31) so that compressed air supplied from a compressor (60) can be supplied to the internal space (31), and a blocking wall (34) is built in so that when cooling water supplied by a cooling water supply means penetrates the internal space (31) through the receiving groove (32), the penetrated cooling water is concentrated on the outer side of the internal space (31) and filled first, and a hole (34a) is penetrated in the upper part of the blocking wall (34) so that the cooling water is filled in the filling space (33) and then filled inside the blocking wall (34).

As configured above, the fire door (30) is first filled with cooling water in the filling space (33), so that the cooling water cools the entire fire door (30), and thus even if the fire door (30) is exposed to a high-temperature flame, it is not easily heated, and furthermore, since the continuously supplied cooling water continues to fill the filling space (33) and cools the fire door (30), even if the fire door (30) is exposed to a flame for a long time, it maintains a normal state for a long time. Accordingly, evacuees who have taken refuge in the common area evacuation room (10) can move to a safe lower floor and escape the risk of fire.

If there is no above-mentioned blocking wall (34), the cooling water supplied to the inside of the fire door (30) is gradually filled from the bottom to the top, so that the upper part of the fire door (30) is not cooled by the cooling water. Therefore, the upper part of the fire door (30) is heated by the high-temperature flame and deformed, and due to this deformation, the gap (S) between the fire door (30) and the window (20) widens more than the normal state, so that a large amount of smoke penetrates into the common area evacuation room (10) through the gap (S) and rises upward, so there is a concern that an evacuee escaping from the upper part of the floor where the fire occurred to the lower floor may be burned by the smoke.

The above flame retardant tube (40) is fitted into the storage room (21b) of the window (20) and the exposed portion is in close contact with the fire door (30) that closes the window (20) to block smoke generated by a fire from penetrating into the common area evacuation room. The flame retardant tube (40) is connected to the water supply pipe (73) of the cooling water supply means, and the cooling water supplied by the pump (75) is filled inside and expands, so that it comes into close contact with the fire door (30) to block smoke from being supplied to the common area evacuation room (10). Since the flame retardant tube (40) has porous structures, the remaining cooling water is discharged to the outside through the porous structures, so that a large amount of cooling water exists around the outer surface when in use. Accordingly, the flame retardant tube (40) is cooled by the cooling water present inside and outside, so that it is not easily destroyed even if the fire door (30) is heated by flames, thereby blocking smoke from penetrating into the common area evacuation room (10).

The above smoke detection sensor (50) is a known one, and when smoke generated by a fire reaches nearby, it detects it and sends a signal to a controller (not shown). The controller that receives the signal drives the compressor (60) and operates the pump (75) of the cooling water supply means at the same time. Since the smoke detection sensor (50) and the controller are known technologies, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

For reference, the controller applied to the present invention and the components controlled by the controller are known technologies already used in the industrial field, so they will be briefly explained to help understanding.

The above compressor (60) is a type of compressor that compresses air, and is placed inside the common area refuge room (10) and a hose (61) connected thereto is connected to the inlet (21c) of the storage room (21a) of the window (20). This compressor (60) is driven by a command from a controller that receives a signal from a smoke detection sensor (50). That is, when the smoke detection sensor (50) detects smoke, compressed air is supplied to the gap (S) between the window (20) and the fire door (30) and the inner space (31) of the fire door (30), so that the air pressure therein is made higher than the air pressure outside the fire door (30), thereby blocking smoke from penetrating into the common area refuge room (10) through the gap (S) and the fire door (30).

More specifically, when the smoke detection sensor (50) detects smoke, the compressor (60) is driven by the command of the controller to produce compressed air, and the produced compressed air is supplied to the storage room (21a) of the window (20) through the hose (61) and then discharged into the passage (21d) as shown in FIG. 13. At this time, since the window (20) is closed by the fire door (30), the compressed air discharged into the passage (21d) is supplied into the gap (S) between the window (20) and the fire door (30). Accordingly, since the gap (S) is filled with compressed air, it maintains a higher air pressure than the outside of the fire door (30), so smoke generated by the fire does not penetrate into the gap (S).

At the same time, the compressed air supplied to the storage room (21a) of the window (20) is supplied to the inside of the fire door (30) through the outlet (21e) and is charged inside the fire door (30). Since the inside of the fire door (30) charged with the compressed air has a higher air pressure than the outside, external smoke caused by a fire cannot penetrate inside the fire door (30). Accordingly, the smoke cannot penetrate into the common area evacuation room (10) through the inside of the fire door (30) and also cannot penetrate into the gap (S) between the window (20) and the fire door (30), and thus cannot penetrate into the common area evacuation room (10).

The above cooling water supply means operates the pump (75) according to the command of the controller that receives the signal from the smoke detection sensor (50) to supply cooling water to the flame retardant tube (40) and the first water sprayer (74). The first water sprayer (74) that receives the cooling water sprays the cooling water on the exposed portion of the fire door (30) to cool the fire door (30).

More specifically, the cooling water supply means is a water tap (71) connected to a water pipe that is piped to a common area refuge room (10) located near each household's fire door (30);

A water tank (72) that stores water supplied from the above-mentioned water supply (71) and whose water supply is cut off by a control means when the supplied water reaches a set water level;

A water supply pipe (73) extending from the above water tank (72) and branching, one end of which is connected to a flame-retardant tube (40) and the other end is piped to the top of the external fire door (30) of the common area evacuation room (10);

A first water sprayer (74) mounted on the end of a water supply pipe (73) that is piped to the upper part of the fire door (30) and sprays cooling water onto the fire door (30); and

It includes a pump (75) installed in the above-mentioned water supply pipe (73) path and sending cooling water stored in a water tank (72) to a flame retardant tube (40) and a first water sprayer (74) by a command from a controller that receives a signal from a smoke detection sensor (50).

The above water tap (71) uses tap water supplied to the apartment, and tap water can be used by piping the tap water pipe to the location corresponding to each household in the common area refuge room (10) and installing it at the end thereof.

The above water tank (72) stores water supplied from the water tap (71), and when the cooling water reaches a set level, the water tap (71) is locked by the rising buoy (76), preventing any more water from the tap from being supplied to the water tank (72), thereby preventing water from overflowing the water tank (72). The control means for raising the buoy (76) by the buoyancy of the cooling water in this way is a known technology, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in Fig. 11, when a fire occurs and the smoke detection sensor (50) detects smoke and sends a signal to the controller while the control valve (77) is open, the above cooling water supply means drives the pump (75). By driving the pump (75), the cooling water stored in the water tank (72) is sent by the driving pump (75) through the water supply pipe (73) to the flame retardant tube (40) and the first water sprayer (74) connected to the water supply pipe (73). Accordingly, the flame retardant tube (40) expands according to the supply of cooling water and adheres closely to the inner circumference of the fire door (30) to prevent smoke from penetrating into the common area evacuation room (10), and also, the first water sprayer (74) concentrates the supplied cooling water on the exposed portion of the fire door (30) to cool the fire door (30) and delay the time for the fire door (30) to be heated by the flame.

As shown in FIGS. 14 to 16, the above fire door blocking means is installed with a flame retardant cloth (81) that can be raised and lowered at the upper front portion separate from the fire door (30), and when the user operates it, the flame retardant cloth (81) descends along the slot (84) to block the fire door (30). When the fire door (30) is blocked from flames in this way, the time for the fire door (30) to be heated by the flames is delayed, so that time can be secured for evacuees who have taken refuge in the common area evacuation room (10) to move to a safe place.

The above fire door blocking means comprises a flame retardant cloth (81) that is mounted on the upper front portion separated from the fire door (30) in a bundle-like shape that has a wider width and height than the fire door (30) and can be rolled and unrolled;

A housing (82) in which the flame retardant cloth (81) is wound around a rotatably mounted roller (82a) and stored in a bundle shape, and in which an outlet is formed so that the flame retardant cloth (81) can be released and taken out;

A weight body (83) mounted on the end of a flame retardant cloth (81) that is pulled out through the exit of the above housing (82) and provides weight so that when the stop state of the roller (82a) is released by the user's operation in the event of a fire, the flame retardant cloth (81) is released and the flame retardant cloth (81) covers and blocks the fire door (30);

Slots (84) installed at both ends of the raised and lowered flame retardant fabric (81) to accommodate the weight (83) and the flame retardant fabric (81) when they are raised and lowered and to restrain the raising and lowering positions;

A flame retardant fabric detection sensor (85) mounted at the bottom of the above slot (84) and detecting when the flame retardant fabric (81) descends and blocks the fire door (30) in the event of a fire; and

It includes a locking means (86) for fixing or releasing the flame retardant fabric (81) wound around the above roller (82a).

The above flame retardant fabric (81) is a known product that is not easily flammable and is already widely used in industrial sites.

The housing (82) above is equipped with a roller (82a) that can rotate horizontally inside so that the flame retardant cloth (81) can be wound and stored in a bundle shape, and an outlet (82b) is formed so that the flame retardant cloth (81) wound on the roller (82a) can be discharged to the outside, and a guide member (82c) is fixed to the lower part of the outlet (82b) to guide the released flame retardant cloth (81) to descend along the slot (84). The guide member (82c) protrudes outside the housing (82) and extends to the slot (84), and both ends are smoothly curved so as not to obstruct the released flame retardant cloth (81).

The above weight (83) is mounted on the end of the flame retardant fabric (81) to provide sufficient weight so that the bundle-shaped flame retardant fabric (81) wound around the roller (82a) can be easily unwound on its own.

The above slot (84) accommodates the weight (83) and both ends of the flame retardant fabric (81) and restrains them in a vertical direction so that they do not escape to the outside when they are raised and lowered. This slot (84) can be formed concavely on the front walls on both sides of the fire door (30), and can also be formed concavely inside the bracket to fix this bracket to the ends on both sides of the flame retardant fabric (81). The drawing shows that it is formed concavely on the front walls on both sides of the fire door (30).

The above flame retardant fabric detection sensor (85) is mounted at the bottom of the slot (84) and detects the weight (83) fixed to the end of the flame retardant fabric (81) when the weight (83) passes through it, thereby detecting whether the flame retardant fabric (81) accommodated in the slot (84) has sufficiently descended. When the flame retardant fabric detection sensor (85) detects the descending weight (83), the controller opens the valve (87) installed in the water supply pipe (73) so that the cooling water supplied by the pump (75) is supplied to the second water sprayer (88), and the second water sprayer (88) continuously sprays the cooling water onto the flame retardant fabric (81) so that the flame retardant fabric (81) exposed to the flame is not lost.

The above locking means (86) has a function of fixing the flame retardant cloth (81) wrapped around the roller (82a) as shown in Fig. 15 so that it does not come loose and fall during normal times, and in the event of a fire, the flame retardant cloth (81) wrapped around the roller (82a) is released from its fixed state by the user's operation to block the fire door (30).

This locking means (86) is a hook (86a) positioned above the center of the roller (82a) and mounted inside the housing (82);

A control line (86b) having one end wound around the above hook (86a) and extending outside the housing (82) to a position where the user can operate it by hand; and

It includes a weight (86c) which is fixed to the other end of the control line (86b) wound around the above-mentioned hook (86a), is positioned higher than the center of the flame retardant cloth (81) wound around the roller (82a), is in close contact with the housing (82) and the flame retardant cloth (81) to prevent the flame retardant cloth (81) wound in the form of a roll from being loosened arbitrarily, and releases the stationary state of the flame retardant cloth (81) when the user pulls the control line (86b) and moves upward to be separated from the flame retardant cloth (81).

The locking means (86) configured in this way is such that when all members of the household where a fire has occurred have confirmed that they have evacuated to the common area evacuation room (10), and then the last member of the household pulls the control line (86b) to lift the weight (86c) from the flame retardant blanket (81), the stationary state of the flame retardant blanket (81) is released, so that the flame retardant blanket (81) is automatically released by the weight of the weight (83), and the weight (83) and the flame retardant blanket (81) fixed thereto descend along the slot (84) to form a screen that blocks the front of the fire door (30), thereby protecting the fire door (30) from the flame. At the same time, the second water sprayer (88) supplies cooling water to the flame retardant blanket (81) blocking the fire door (30) to prevent the flame retardant blanket (81) from being burned by the flame.

Meanwhile, when the last member of the household who pulled the control rope (86b) moves to the common area evacuation room (10), all members of that household complete the evacuation.

The present invention, which is configured as described above, can prevent loss of life by allowing even wheelchair-bound patients or bed-bound patients to evacuate to the common area evacuation room (10) in the event of a fire, the pressure of compressed air supplied between the fire door (30) and the gap (S) in which the fire door (30) is installed is higher than the air pressure outside the fire door (30), so that smoke cannot penetrate into the common area evacuation room (10) through the fire door (30) and the gap (S), cooling water is supplied to the flame retardant tube (40) and the fire door (30) to prevent them from being lost, so that sufficient time can be secured for evacuees who have evacuated to the common area evacuation room (10) to move to a safe place, and cooling water is supplied to the flame retardant cloth (81) blocking the fire door (30) to prevent the flame retardant cloth (81) from being lost from the flame, so that evacuees who have evacuated to the common area evacuation room (10) can evacuate to a safe place more sufficiently. It is an invention that is progressive in that it has the advantage of being able to secure time and that these advantages can protect human lives.

1: High-rise apartment fire shelter 10: Common area evacuation room
20: Window 30: Fire door
40: Flame retardant tube 50: Smoke detection sensor
50 : Compressor 71 : Water
72: Water tank 73: Water supply pipe
74: 1st water injector 75: Pump
81: Flame retardant cloth 82: Housing
83 : Heavy 84 : Slot
85: Flame retardant detection sensor 86: Locking number

Claims (6)

A common area evacuation room (10) provided on all floors of an apartment building, with an evacuation route (11) connected vertically to a common area where two adjacent households on each floor of a high-rise apartment can enter and exit;
Windows (20) installed at the boundary of each household on each floor and the common area refuge room (10);
A fire door (30) installed in the above window (20) and manually operated to open and close the window (20);
A flame retardant tube (40) that is accommodated in the storage room (21b) of the above window (20) and has an exposed portion that is in close contact with the fire door (30) that closes the window (20) to block smoke generated by a fire from penetrating into the common area evacuation room (10);
A smoke detection sensor (50) that detects smoke generated by a fire;
When the above smoke detection sensor (50) detects smoke, the compressor (60) is driven by the command of the controller to supply compressed air to the gap (S) between the window (20) and the fire door (30) and the interior space (31) of the fire door (30) so that the air pressure therein is higher than the air pressure outside the fire door (30) to prevent smoke from penetrating into the common area evacuation room (10) through the gap (S) and the fire door (30);
A cooling water supply means that supplies cooling water to the flame retardant tube (40) and the fire door (30) exposed to the outside of the common area evacuation room (10) by driving the pump (75) by the command of the controller when the above smoke detection sensor (50) detects smoke, thereby cooling the flame retardant tube (40) and the fire door (30); and
A fire door blocking means is provided, in which a fire retardant cloth (81) is installed in a manner that allows it to be raised and lowered at the upper front portion separate from the fire door (30), and when the user operates the fire retardant cloth (81), it lowers along the slot (84) to block the fire door (30).
Here, the window (20) includes a frame (21) formed with a storage room (21a) on all sides of a receiving space that accommodates a fire door (30) so as to store compressed air supplied from a compressor (60), and a storage room (21b) formed concavely on the inner circumference to accommodate a flame-retardant tube (40).
A high-rise apartment fire shelter characterized in that the frame (21) has a passage (21d) through which compressed air stored in a storage room (21a) can be supplied to a gap (S) formed between the frame (21) and a fire door (30) through an inlet (21c), and an outlet (21e) protrudes so that the stored compressed air can be inserted into the inner space (31) of a fire door (30) that closes a window (20).
A high-rise apartment fire shelter according to claim 1, characterized in that the common area refuge room (10) is provided with a supply fan (12) installed at the bottom to force fresh air into the common area refuge room (10), and an exhaust fan (13) installed at the top to exhaust air in the common area refuge room (10) to the outside, thereby ventilating the air in the common area refuge room (10).
delete In claim 1, the fire door (30) is characterized in that a receiving groove (32) for receiving an outlet (21e) of a window (20) penetrates the internal space (31) so that compressed air supplied from a compressor (60) can be supplied to the internal space (31), a blocking wall (34) is built in so that when cooling water supplied by a cooling water supply means penetrates the internal space (31) through the receiving groove (32), the penetrated cooling water is concentrated on the outer side of the internal space (31) and filled first, and a hole (34a) is penetrated in the upper part of the blocking wall (34) so that the cooling water is filled in the filling space (33) and then filled inside the blocking wall (34).
In claim 1, the cooling water supply means comprises a water tap (71) connected to a water pipe that is piped to a common area refuge room (10) located near each household's fire door (30);
A water tank (72) that stores water supplied from the above-mentioned water supply (71) and whose water supply is cut off by a control means when the supplied water reaches a set water level;
A water supply pipe (73) extending from the above water tank (72) and branching, one end of which is connected to a flame-retardant tube (40) and the other end is piped to the top of the external fire door (30) of the common area evacuation room (10);
A first water sprayer (74) mounted on the end of a water supply pipe (73) that is piped to the upper part of the fire door (30) and sprays cooling water onto the fire door (30); and
A high-rise apartment fire shelter characterized by including a pump (75) installed in the path of the above-mentioned water supply pipe (73) and sending cooling water stored in a water tank (72) to a flame-retardant tube (40) and a first water sprayer (74) by a command from a controller that receives a signal from a smoke detection sensor (50).
In claim 1, the fire door (30) blocking means is a fire retardant cloth (81) that is mounted on the upper front part separated from the fire door (30) in a bundle-like state that has a wider width and height than the fire door (30) and can be rolled and unrolled;
A housing (82) in which the flame retardant cloth (81) is wound around a rotatably mounted roller (82a) and stored in a bundle shape, and in which an outlet (82b) is formed so that the flame retardant cloth (81) can be released and taken out;
A weight body (83) mounted on the end of a flame retardant cloth (81) that is pulled out through the exit (82b) of the above housing (82) and provides weight so that when the stop state of the roller (82a) is released by the user's operation in the event of a fire, the flame retardant cloth (81) is released and the flame retardant cloth (81) covers and blocks the fire door (30);
Slots (84) installed at both ends of the raised and lowered flame retardant fabric (81) to accommodate the weight (83) and the flame retardant fabric (81) when they are raised and lowered and to restrain the raising and lowering positions;
A flame retardant fabric detection sensor (85) mounted at the bottom of the above slot (84) and detecting when the flame retardant fabric (81) descends and blocks the fire door (30) in the event of a fire; and
It includes a locking means (86) for fixing or releasing the flame retardant cloth (81) wrapped around the roller (82a);

Here, when the flame retardant fabric (81) is lowered to close and block the fire door (30), if the flame retardant fabric detection sensor (85) detects the flame retardant fabric (81), the valve (87) is opened by the command of the controller, and the second water sprayer (88) mounted on the end of the water supply pipe (73) sprays cooling water onto the flame retardant fabric (81) to cool the flame retardant fabric (81);

The above locking means (86) is a hook (86a) positioned above the center of the roller (82a) and mounted inside the housing (82);
A control line (86b) having one end wound around the above hook (86a) and extending outside the housing (82) to a position where the user can operate it by hand; and
A high-rise apartment fire shelter characterized by including a weight (86c) which is fixed to the other end of a control line (86b) wound around the hook (86a), is positioned higher than the center of a flame retardant cloth (81) wound around a roller (82a), is in close contact with the housing (82) and the flame retardant cloth (81) to prevent the flame retardant cloth (81) wound in the form of a roll from being loosened arbitrarily, and releases the stationary state of the flame retardant cloth (81) when the user pulls the control line (86b) and is separated from the flame retardant cloth (81).

Images