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KR102676811B1 - Method of BOG Reliquefaction - Google Patents

Method of BOG Reliquefaction Download PDF

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Publication number
KR102676811B1
KR102676811B1 KR1020170019431A KR20170019431A KR102676811B1 KR 102676811 B1 KR102676811 B1 KR 102676811B1 KR 1020170019431 A KR1020170019431 A KR 1020170019431A KR 20170019431 A KR20170019431 A KR 20170019431A KR 102676811 B1 KR102676811 B1 KR 102676811B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
gas
boil
compressor
heat exchanger
compressed
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Korean (ko)
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KR20180093405A (en
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장현민
최동규
신현준
손재욱
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한화오션 주식회사
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F25J1/0025—Boil-off gases "BOG" from storages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/38—Apparatus or methods specially adapted for use on marine vessels, for handling power plant or unit liquids, e.g. lubricants, coolants, fuels or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/004—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for large storage vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
    • F25J1/0037—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work of a return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/005—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by expansion of a gaseous refrigerant stream with extraction of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0212—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow MCR cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0219—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle in combination with an internal quasi-closed refrigeration loop, e.g. using a deep flash recycle loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J1/0229—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock
    • F25J1/023—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock for the combustion as fuels, i.e. integration with the fuel gas system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
    • F25J1/0249—Controlling refrigerant inventory, i.e. composition or quantity
    • F25J1/025—Details related to the refrigerant production or treatment, e.g. make-up supply from feed gas itself
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
    • F25J1/0264—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
    • F25J1/0277—Offshore use, e.g. during shipping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0285—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings
    • F25J1/0288—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings using work extraction by mechanical coupling of compression and expansion of the refrigerant, so-called companders
    • B63B2770/00—
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
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    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
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    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
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    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
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    • F17C2265/038—Treating the boil-off by recovery with expanding
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    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/066—Fluid distribution for feeding engines for propulsion
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    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/06—Splitting of the feed stream, e.g. for treating or cooling in different ways

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

선박에 탑재된 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 엔진의 연료로 공급하고, 상기 엔진의 연료로 사용되지 않은 잉여 증발가스를 재액화 시키는 방법이 개시된다.
상기 증발가스 재액화 방법은, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스의 일부 또는 전부를 제1 압축기에 의해 압축시키고, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스의 일부 또는 전부를, 상기 제1 압축기와 병렬로 설치되는 제2 압축기에 의해 압축시키고, 상기 제1 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스는 상기 엔진의 연료로 공급되고, 상기 제2 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스는 폐루프의 냉매 사이클을 순환하고, 상기 1 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스 중 상기 엔진의 연료로 공급되지 않은 잉여 증발가스는, 제3 압축기에 의해 추가로 압축되거나 제3 압축기를 우회하여 제1 열교환기로 보내지고, 상기 제3 압축기에 의해 추가로 압축되거나 상기 제3 압축기를 우회하여 상기 제1 열교환기로 보내진 증발가스는, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출되는 증발가스를 냉매로 열교환되어 냉각되고, 상기 제1 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 증발가스는, 상기 냉매 사이클을 순환하는 유체를 냉매로 제2 열교환기에 의해 추가로 냉각되거나 상기 제2 열교환기를 우회하여 제1 감압장치로 보내진다.A method of supplying boil-off gas discharged from a storage tank mounted on a ship as fuel for an engine and reliquefying excess boil-off gas not used as fuel for the engine is disclosed.
The boil-off gas reliquefaction method compresses part or all of the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank by a first compressor, and compresses part or all of the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank in parallel with the first compressor. Compressed by a second compressor installed, the boil-off gas compressed by the first compressor is supplied as fuel for the engine, the boil-off gas compressed by the second compressor circulates through a closed-loop refrigerant cycle, 1 Among the evaporative gases compressed by the compressor, the excess evaporative gas that is not supplied as fuel for the engine is further compressed by the third compressor or is sent to the first heat exchanger by bypassing the third compressor, and is compressed by the third compressor. The boil-off gas that is additionally compressed or sent to the first heat exchanger by bypassing the third compressor is cooled by heat exchanging the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank with a refrigerant, and the boil-off gas cooled by the first heat exchanger is The fluid circulating in the refrigerant cycle is further cooled by a second heat exchanger as a refrigerant or is sent to the first pressure reducing device by bypassing the second heat exchanger.

Description

증발가스 재액화 방법{Method of BOG Reliquefaction}Method of evaporation gas reliquefaction {Method of BOG Reliquefaction}

본 발명은 저장탱크 내부에서 생성되는 증발가스 중 엔진의 연료로 사용되고 남은 증발가스를 재액화시키는 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method of re-liquefying boil-off gas remaining after being used as engine fuel among the boil-off gas generated inside a storage tank.

근래, 액화천연가스(Liquefied Natural Gas, LNG) 등의 액화가스의 소비량이 전 세계적으로 급증하고 있는 추세이다. 가스를 저온에서 액화시킨 액화가스는 가스에 비해 부피가 매우 작아지므로 저장 및 이송 효율을 높일 수 있는 장점이 있다. 또한, 액화천연가스를 비롯한 액화가스는 액화공정 중에 대기오염 물질을 제거하거나 줄일 수 있어, 연소시 대기오염 물질 배출이 적은 친환경 연료로도 볼 수 있다. Recently, the consumption of liquefied gas such as liquefied natural gas (LNG) is rapidly increasing worldwide. Liquefied gas, which is made by liquefying gas at low temperature, has a much smaller volume than gas, so it has the advantage of increasing storage and transportation efficiency. In addition, liquefied gas, including liquefied natural gas, can remove or reduce air pollutants during the liquefaction process, so it can be viewed as an eco-friendly fuel with low emissions of air pollutants during combustion.

액화천연가스는 메탄(methane)을 주성분으로 하는 천연가스를 약 -162℃로 냉각해서 액화시킴으로써 얻을 수 있는 무색투명한 액체로서, 천연가스와 비교해 약 1/600 정도의 부피를 가진다. 따라서, 천연가스를 액화시켜 이송할 경우 매우 효율적으로 이송할 수 있게 된다.Liquefied natural gas is a colorless and transparent liquid obtained by liquefying natural gas containing methane as a main component by cooling it to about -162°C, and has a volume of about 1/600 of that of natural gas. Therefore, when natural gas is liquefied and transported, it can be transported very efficiently.

그러나 천연가스의 액화 온도는 상압 -162 ℃의 극저온이므로, 액화천연가스는 온도변화에 민감하여 쉽게 증발된다. 이로 인해 액화천연가스를 저장하는 저장탱크에는 단열처리를 하지만, 외부의 열이 저장탱크에 지속적으로 전달되므로 액화천연가스 수송과정에서 저장탱크 내에서는 지속적으로 액화천연가스가 자연 기화되면서 증발가스(Boil-Off Gas, BOG)가 발생한다. 이는 에탄 등 다른 저온 액화가스의 경우에도 마찬가지이다.However, since the liquefaction temperature of natural gas is extremely low at -162°C at normal pressure, liquefied natural gas is sensitive to temperature changes and easily evaporates. For this reason, storage tanks that store liquefied natural gas are insulated, but external heat is continuously transferred to the storage tank, so during the transportation of liquefied natural gas, liquefied natural gas is continuously naturally vaporized within the storage tank, producing boil-off gas (boil). -Off Gas, BOG) occurs. This is also true for other low-temperature liquefied gases such as ethane.

증발가스는 일종의 손실로서 수송효율에 있어서 중요한 문제이다. 또한, 저장탱크 내에 증발가스가 축적되면 탱크 내압이 과도하게 상승할 수 있어, 심하면 탱크가 파손될 위험도 있다. 따라서, 저장탱크 내에서 발생하는 증발가스를 처리하기 위한 다양한 방법이 연구되는데, 최근에는 증발가스의 처리를 위해, 증발가스를 재액화하여 저장탱크로 복귀시키는 방법, 증발가스를 선박의 엔진 등 연료소비처의 에너지원으로 사용하는 방법 등이 사용되고 있다.Evaporation gas is a type of loss and is an important issue in transportation efficiency. In addition, if evaporation gas accumulates in the storage tank, the pressure inside the tank may increase excessively, and in severe cases, there is a risk of tank damage. Therefore, various methods are being studied to treat boil-off gas generated within the storage tank. Recently, for the treatment of boil-off gas, a method of re-liquefying the boil-off gas and returning it to the storage tank, using the boil-off gas as fuel for ship engines, etc. Methods such as using it as an energy source for consumers are being used.

증발가스를 재액화하기 위한 방법으로는 별도의 냉매를 이용한 냉동 사이클을 구비하여 증발가스를 냉매와 열교환하여 재액화하는 방법, 및 별도의 냉매가 없이 증발가스 자체를 냉매로 하여 재액화하는 방법 등이 있다. 특히, 후자의 방법을 채용한 시스템을 부분 재액화 시스템(Partial Re-liquefaction System, PRS)이라고 한다.Methods for re-liquefying the boil-off gas include a method of re-liquefying the boil-off gas by heat-exchanging it with a refrigerant using a refrigeration cycle using a separate refrigerant, and a method of re-liquefying the boil-off gas itself as a refrigerant without a separate refrigerant. There is. In particular, the system employing the latter method is called the Partial Re-liquefaction System (PRS).

한편, 일반적으로 선박에 사용되는 엔진 중 천연가스를 연료로 사용할 수 있는 엔진으로 DF 엔진, X-DF 엔진, ME-GI 엔진 등의 가스연료엔진이 있다.Meanwhile, among engines generally used in ships, engines that can use natural gas as fuel include gas fuel engines such as DF engines, X-DF engines, and ME-GI engines.

DF 엔진은, 4행정으로 구성되며, 비교적 저압인 6.5bar 정도의 압력을 가지는 천연가스를 연소공기 입구에 주입하여, 피스톤이 올라가면서 압축을 시키는 오토 사이클(Otto Cycle)을 채택하고 있다.The DF engine consists of a 4-stroke cycle and adopts the Otto Cycle, which injects natural gas with a relatively low pressure of about 6.5 bar into the combustion air inlet and compresses it as the piston rises.

X-DF 엔진은, 2행정으로 구성되고, 16 bar 정도의 천연가스를 연료로 사용하며, 오토 사이클을 채택하고 있다.The X-DF engine is composed of two strokes, uses natural gas of about 16 bar as fuel, and adopts the Otto cycle.

ME-GI 엔진은, 2행정으로 구성되며, 300bar 부근의 고압 천연가스를 피스톤의 상사점 부근에서 연소실에 직접 분사하는 디젤 사이클(Diesel Cycle)을 채택하고 있다.The ME-GI engine consists of two strokes and adopts the diesel cycle, which injects high-pressure natural gas around 300 bar directly into the combustion chamber near the top dead center of the piston.

본 발명은, 장비의 사용 가능 여부, 선속, 발생되는 증발가스의 양 등에 따라 달라지는 다양한 선박의 운용 상황에서의 효율적인 증발가스 재액화 방법을 제공하고자 한다.The present invention seeks to provide an efficient method of re-liquefying boil-off gas in various ship operating situations that vary depending on the availability of equipment, ship speed, amount of boil-off gas generated, etc.

상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 일 측면에 따르면, 선박에 탑재된 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 엔진의 연료로 공급하고, 상기 엔진의 연료로 사용되지 않은 잉여 증발가스를 재액화 시키는 방법에 있어서, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스의 일부 또는 전부를 제1 압축기에 의해 압축시키고, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스의 일부 또는 전부를, 상기 제1 압축기와 병렬로 설치되는 제2 압축기에 의해 압축시키고, 상기 제1 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스는 상기 엔진의 연료로 공급되고, 상기 제2 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스는 폐루프의 냉매 사이클을 순환하고, 상기 1 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스 중 상기 엔진의 연료로 공급되지 않은 잉여 증발가스는, 제3 압축기에 의해 추가로 압축되거나 제3 압축기를 우회하여 제1 열교환기로 보내지고, 상기 제3 압축기에 의해 추가로 압축되거나 상기 제3 압축기를 우회하여 상기 제1 열교환기로 보내진 증발가스는, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출되는 증발가스를 냉매로 열교환되어 냉각되고, 상기 제1 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 증발가스는, 상기 냉매 사이클을 순환하는 유체를 냉매로 제2 열교환기에 의해 추가로 냉각되거나 상기 제2 열교환기를 우회하여 제1 감압장치로 보내지는, 증발가스 재액화 방법이 제공된다.According to one aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object, there is provided a method of supplying boil-off gas discharged from a storage tank mounted on a ship as fuel for an engine and re-liquefying excess boil-off gas not used as fuel for the engine. In this case, part or all of the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank is compressed by a first compressor, and part or all of the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank is compressed by a second compressor installed in parallel with the first compressor. The evaporative gas compressed by the first compressor is supplied as fuel for the engine, and the evaporative gas compressed by the second compressor circulates through a closed loop refrigerant cycle, and the evaporative gas compressed by the first compressor is supplied as fuel for the engine. Among the evaporative gases, the excess evaporative gas that is not supplied as fuel for the engine is further compressed by the third compressor or is sent to the first heat exchanger by bypassing the third compressor, and is further compressed by the third compressor or is sent to the first heat exchanger. 3 The boil-off gas bypassed by the compressor and sent to the first heat exchanger is cooled by heat exchange with the refrigerant for the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank, and the boil-off gas cooled by the first heat exchanger is a fluid that circulates the refrigerant cycle. A method of reliquefying boil-off gas is provided, in which the gas is further cooled by a second heat exchanger using a refrigerant or is sent to a first pressure reducing device by bypassing the second heat exchanger.

상기 냉매 사이클은, 상기 제2 압축기, 상기 제2 열교환기, 제2 감압장치, 다시 상기 제2 열교환기, 제4 압축기, 및 다시 상기 제2 압축기를 연결할 수 있고, 상기 제2 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 후 상기 제2 감압장치에 의해 팽창된 유체는 상기 제2 열교환기의 냉매로 사용된 후 상기 제4 압축기로 공급될 수 있다.The refrigerant cycle may connect the second compressor, the second heat exchanger, the second pressure reducing device, the second heat exchanger, the fourth compressor, and the second compressor again, and cooled by the second heat exchanger. The fluid expanded by the second pressure reducing device may be used as a refrigerant in the second heat exchanger and then supplied to the fourth compressor.

상기 제4 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스는, 냉각기에 의해 냉각된 후 상기 제2 압축기로 보내질 수 있다.The boil-off gas compressed by the fourth compressor may be cooled by a cooler and then sent to the second compressor.

상기 제1 감압장치에 의해 팽창된 유체를 기액분리기에 의해 재액화된 액화가스와 기체상태의 가스로 분리할 수 있다.The fluid expanded by the first pressure reducing device can be separated into liquefied gas and gaseous gas re-liquefied by a gas-liquid separator.

상기 기액분리기에 의해 분리된 기체상태의 가스는, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스와 합류되어 상기 제1 열교환기의 냉매로 사용될 수 있다.The gas in a gaseous state separated by the gas-liquid separator may be combined with the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank and used as a refrigerant of the first heat exchanger.

상기 엔진의 요구 압력이 재액화에 필요한 압력을 만족시키는 경우, 상기 제1 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스를 상기 제3 압축기를 우회시켜 상기 제1 열교환기로 보낼 수 있다.When the required pressure of the engine satisfies the pressure required for reliquefaction, the boil-off gas compressed by the first compressor can be sent to the first heat exchanger by bypassing the third compressor.

상기 엔진의 요구 압력이 재액화에 필요한 압력을 만족시키는 경우는, 상기 엔진이 ME-GI엔진인 경우일 수 있다.If the required pressure of the engine satisfies the pressure required for reliquefaction, the engine may be a ME-GI engine.

재액화시킬 증발가스의 양이 일정값 이상인 경우, 상기 제1 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 증발가스를, 상기 냉매 사이클을 순환하는 유체를 냉매로 상기 제2 열교환기에 의해 추가로 냉각시킬 수 있다.When the amount of boil-off gas to be reliquefied is more than a certain value, the boil-off gas cooled by the first heat exchanger can be further cooled by the second heat exchanger using the fluid circulating in the refrigerant cycle as a refrigerant.

상기 재액화시킬 증발가스의 양이 일정값 이상인 경우는, 상기 선박의 선속이 15.5 knots 이하이거나 상기 선박이 정박하고 있을 때일 수 있다.When the amount of boil-off gas to be reliquefied is more than a certain value, it may be when the ship's speed is 15.5 knots or less or when the ship is at anchor.

재액화시킬 증발가스의 양이 상기 일정값 미만인 경우, 상기 제1 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 증발가스를 상기 제2 열교환기를 우회시켜 상기 제1 감압장치로 보낼 수 있다.When the amount of boil-off gas to be re-liquefied is less than the predetermined value, the boil-off gas cooled by the first heat exchanger can be sent to the first pressure reducing device by bypassing the second heat exchanger.

상기 재액화시킬 증발가스의 양이 상기 일정값 미만인 경우는, 상기 선박의 선속이 15.5 knots 초과인 경우일 수 있다.If the amount of boil-off gas to be reliquefied is less than the certain value, it may be the case that the ship's speed is more than 15.5 knots.

상기 엔진의 요구 압력이 재액화에 필요한 압력을 만족시키지 못하는 경우, 상기 제1 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스를 상기 제3 압축기에 의해 추가로 압축시킨 후 상기 제1 열교환기로 보낼 수 있다.If the required pressure of the engine does not satisfy the pressure required for reliquefaction, the boil-off gas compressed by the first compressor may be further compressed by the third compressor and then sent to the first heat exchanger.

상기 엔진의 요구 압력이 재액화에 필요한 압력을 만족시키지 못하는 경우는, 상기 엔진이 X-DF엔진이 경우일 수 있다.If the required pressure of the engine does not satisfy the pressure required for reliquefaction, the engine may be an X-DF engine.

재액화시킬 증발가스의 양이 일정값 이상인 경우, 상기 제1 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 증발가스를, 상기 냉매 사이클을 순환하는 유체를 냉매로 상기 제2 열교환기에 의해 추가로 냉각시킬 수 있다.When the amount of boil-off gas to be reliquefied is more than a certain value, the boil-off gas cooled by the first heat exchanger can be further cooled by the second heat exchanger using the fluid circulating in the refrigerant cycle as a refrigerant.

재액화시킬 증발가스의 양이 상기 일정값 미만인 경우, 상기 제1 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 증발가스를 상기 제2 열교환기를 우회시켜 상기 제1 감압장치로 보낼 수 있다.When the amount of boil-off gas to be re-liquefied is less than the predetermined value, the boil-off gas cooled by the first heat exchanger can be sent to the first pressure reducing device by bypassing the second heat exchanger.

상기 제2 압축기, 상기 제2 열교환기, 상기 제2 감압장치, 및 상기 제4 압축기 중 하나 이상을 사용할 수 없는 경우, 상기 제2 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스를 상기 냉매 사이클로 공급하지 않고, 상기 제1 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 증발가스를, 상기 제2 열교환기를 우회하여 제1 감압장치로 보낼 수 있다.When one or more of the second compressor, the second heat exchanger, the second pressure reducing device, and the fourth compressor cannot be used, the boil-off gas compressed by the second compressor is not supplied to the refrigerant cycle, and the boil-off gas compressed by the second compressor is not supplied to the refrigerant cycle. The boil-off gas cooled by the first heat exchanger can be sent to the first pressure reducing device by bypassing the second heat exchanger.

상기 제3 압축기를 사용할 수 없는 경우에는, 상기 제1 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스를 상기 제3 압축기를 우회시켜 상기 제1 열교환기로 보낼 수 있다.When the third compressor cannot be used, the boil-off gas compressed by the first compressor can be sent to the first heat exchanger by bypassing the third compressor.

상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 다른 측면에 따르면, 선박에 탑재된 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 엔진의 연료로 공급하고, 상기 엔진의 연료로 사용되지 않은 잉여 증발가스를 재액화 시키는 방법에 있어서, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스의 일부 또는 전부를 제1 압축기에 의해 압축시키고, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스의 일부 또는 전부를, 상기 제1 압축기와 병렬로 설치되는 제2 압축기에 의해 압축시키고, 상기 제1 압축기를 사용할 수 있는 경우에는, 상기 제1 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스를 상기 엔진의 연료로 사용하고, 상기 제2 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스는 폐루프의 냉매 사이클을 순환하고, 상기 1 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스 중 상기 엔진의 연료로 공급되지 않은 잉여 증발가스는, 제3 압축기에 의해 추가로 압축되거나 제3 압축기를 우회하여 제1 열교환기로 보내지고, 상기 제3 압축기에 의해 추가로 압축되거나 상기 제3 압축기를 우회하여 상기 제1 열교환기로 보내진 증발가스는, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출되는 증발가스를 냉매로 열교환되어 냉각되고, 상기 제1 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 증발가스는, 상기 냉매 사이클을 순환하는 유체를 냉매로 제2 열교환기에 의해 추가로 냉각되거나 상기 제2 열교환기를 우회하여 제1 감압장치로 보내지고, 상기 제1 압축기를 사용할 수 없는 경우에는, 상기 제2 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스를 상기 엔진의 연료로 공급하고, 상기 제2 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스를 상기 냉매 사이클로 공급하지 않는, 증발가스 재액화 방법이 제공된다.According to another aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object, there is provided a method of supplying boil-off gas discharged from a storage tank mounted on a ship as fuel for an engine and re-liquefying excess boil-off gas not used as fuel for the engine. In this case, part or all of the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank is compressed by a first compressor, and part or all of the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank is compressed by a second compressor installed in parallel with the first compressor. When the first compressor can be used, the boil-off gas compressed by the first compressor is used as fuel for the engine, and the boil-off gas compressed by the second compressor is used in the closed loop refrigerant cycle. circulates, and among the boil-off gas compressed by the first compressor, the surplus boil-off gas that is not supplied as fuel for the engine is further compressed by the third compressor or is sent to the first heat exchanger by bypassing the third compressor, The boil-off gas further compressed by the third compressor or bypassed the third compressor and sent to the first heat exchanger is cooled by heat exchange with the refrigerant for the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank, and is cooled by the first heat exchanger. The evaporation gas is further cooled by a second heat exchanger using the fluid circulating in the refrigerant cycle as a refrigerant, or is sent to the first pressure reducing device by bypassing the second heat exchanger, and when the first compressor cannot be used, the A method of reliquefying evaporative gas is provided in which evaporative gas compressed by a second compressor is supplied as fuel for the engine, and evaporative gas compressed by the second compressor is not supplied to the refrigerant cycle.

상기 제1 압축기를 사용할 수 없는 경우, 상기 제2 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스 중 상기 엔진의 연료로 사용되지 않은 잉여 증발가스는, 상기 제3 압축기에 의해 추가로 압축되거나 제3 압축기를 우회하여 제1 열교환기로 보내지고, 상기 제3 압축기에 의해 추가로 압축되거나 상기 제3 압축기를 우회하여 상기 제1 열교환기로 보내진 증발가스는, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출되는 증발가스를 냉매로 열교환되어 냉각되고, 상기 제1 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 증발가스는, 상기 제2 열교환기를 우회하여 제1 감압장치로 보내질 수 있다.When the first compressor cannot be used, excess evaporative gas not used as fuel for the engine among the evaporative gas compressed by the second compressor is further compressed by the third compressor or bypasses the third compressor. The boil-off gas sent to the first heat exchanger and further compressed by the third compressor or bypassed the third compressor and sent to the first heat exchanger is cooled by heat exchange with the refrigerant for the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank, The boil-off gas cooled by the first heat exchanger may be sent to the first pressure reducing device by bypassing the second heat exchanger.

상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 또 다른 측면에 따르면, 엔진의 연료로 사용되고 남은 잉여 증발가스를, 증발가스 자체를 냉매로 열교환시켜 재액화시키는 방법에 있어서, 상기 엔진으로 공급하기 위해 압축된 증발가스를 추가적으로 압축시킬지 여부는, 상기 엔진의 요구 압력과 재액화시킬 증발가스의 양에 따라 결정하고, 증발가스 자체를 냉매로 열교환되어 냉각된 유체를, 냉매 사이클을 순환하는 증발가스를 냉매로 추가적으로 열교환시켜 냉각시킬지 여부는, 재액화시킬 증발가스의 양에 따라 결정하는, 증발가스 재액화 방법이 제공된다.According to another aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object, in a method of re-liquefying surplus evaporative gas remaining after being used as fuel for an engine by heat exchanging the evaporative gas itself with a refrigerant, the evaporative gas compressed to be supplied to the engine Whether to additionally compress the gas is determined depending on the required pressure of the engine and the amount of evaporation gas to be reliquefied, and the evaporation gas itself is heat exchanged with the refrigerant to heat the cooled fluid, and the evaporation gas circulating in the refrigerant cycle is additionally heat exchanged with the refrigerant. A method for re-liquefying boil-off gas is provided, in which whether to cool the boil-off gas is determined depending on the amount of boil-off gas to be re-liquefied.

본 발명에 의하면, 엔진의 요구 압력과 재액화시킬 증발가스의 양에 따라 제3 압축기의 구동 여부를 결정할 수 있고, 재액화시킬 증발가스의 양에 따라 제2 열교환기 및 폐루프의 냉매 사이클의 구동 여부를 결정할 수 있으므로, 재액화량과 경제적 요소를 고려하여 선박의 운용 상황에 유연하게 대처할 수 있다.According to the present invention, it is possible to determine whether or not to operate the third compressor depending on the required pressure of the engine and the amount of evaporative gas to be re-liquefied, and the refrigerant cycle of the second heat exchanger and the closed loop according to the amount of evaporative gas to be re-liquefied. Since it is possible to decide whether to drive or not, it is possible to flexibly respond to the ship's operating situation by considering the amount of reliquefaction and economic factors.

도 1은 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 따른 증발가스 재액화 방법이 적용되는 시스템의 개략도이다.
도 2 및 도 3은 증발가스의 재액화량을 39 bara 내지 300 bara 압력 범위에서 나타낸 그래프이다.Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a system to which the boil-off gas re-liquefaction method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is applied.
Figures 2 and 3 are graphs showing the re-liquefaction amount of boil-off gas in the pressure range of 39 bara to 300 bara.

이하 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 대한 구성 및 작용을 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다. 본 발명은, 천연가스를 연료로 사용하는 엔진을 탑재한 선박 및 액화가스 저장탱크를 포함하는 선박 등에 다양하게 응용되어 적용될 수 있다. 또한, 하기 실시예는 여러 가지 다른 형태로 변형될 수 있으며, 본 발명의 범위가 하기 실시예에 한정되는 것은 아니다.Hereinafter, the structure and operation of a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. The present invention can be applied to various applications, such as ships equipped with engines using natural gas as fuel and ships containing liquefied gas storage tanks. Additionally, the following examples may be modified into various other forms, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

본 발명의 후술할 증발가스 처리를 위한 방법들은 저온 액체화물 또는 액화가스를 저장할 수 있는 저장탱크가 설치된 모든 종류의 선박과 해상 구조물, 예컨대 LNG 운반선(LNG Carrier), 액화에탄가스 운반선(Liquefied Ethane Gas Carrier), LNG RV와 같은 선박을 비롯하여, LNG FPSO, LNG FSRU 등과 같은 해상 구조물에 적용될 수 있다. 다만 후술하는 실시예들에서는 설명의 편의상 대표적인 저온 액체화물인 액화천연가스를 예로 들어 설명한다.The methods for treating boil-off gas, which will be described later, of the present invention can be used in all types of ships and offshore structures equipped with storage tanks capable of storing low-temperature liquid cargo or liquefied gas, such as LNG Carrier and Liquefied Ethane Gas Carrier. It can be applied to ships such as Carrier and LNG RV, as well as offshore structures such as LNG FPSO and LNG FSRU. However, in the embodiments described later, for convenience of explanation, liquefied natural gas, a representative low-temperature liquid cargo, is used as an example.

또한, 본 발명의 각 라인에서의 유체는, 시스템의 운용 조건에 따라, 액체 상태, 기액 혼합 상태, 기체 상태, 초임계유체 상태 중 어느 하나의 상태일 수 있다.Additionally, the fluid in each line of the present invention may be in any one of a liquid state, a gas-liquid mixture state, a gas state, and a supercritical fluid state, depending on the operating conditions of the system.

도 1은 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 따른 증발가스 재액화 방법이 적용되는 시스템의 개략도이다.Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a system to which the boil-off gas re-liquefaction method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is applied.

도 1을 참조하면, 본 실시예의 증발가스 재액화 방법이 적용되는 시스템은, 제1 열교환기(110), 제1 압축기(210), 제2 압축기(220), 제3 압축기(230), 제1 감압장치(510), 제2 열교환기(120), 제2 감압장치(520), 및 제4 압축기(240)를 포함한다.Referring to FIG. 1, the system to which the boil-off gas reliquefaction method of this embodiment is applied includes a first heat exchanger 110, a first compressor 210, a second compressor 220, a third compressor 230, and a first heat exchanger 110. 1 It includes a pressure reducing device 510, a second heat exchanger 120, a second pressure reducing device 520, and a fourth compressor 240.

본 실시예의 증발가스 재액화 방법이 적용되는 시스템은, 저장탱크(T)로부터 배출된 증발가스의 일부 또는 전부를 엔진(E1, E2)의 연료로 사용하고, 엔진(E1, E2)의 요구량을 초과하는 잉여 증발가스를 분기시켜 재액화 과정을 거치도록 한다.The system to which the boil-off gas reliquefaction method of this embodiment is applied uses some or all of the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank (T) as fuel for the engines (E1, E2) and meets the demand of the engines (E1, E2). The excess boil-off gas is branched off and goes through a re-liquefaction process.

재액화 과정을 거치는 증발가스는, 기본적으로 제1 압축기(210) 및 제3 압축기(230)에 의한 압축과정과, 제1 열교환기(110) 및 제2 열교환기(120)에 의한 냉각 과정과, 제1 감압장치(510)에 의한 팽창과정을 거쳐 일부 또는 전부가 재액화되며, 선박의 운용 상황에 따라 제3 압축기(230)를 우회하거나 제2 열교환기(120)를 우회할 수 있다. 이에 대해 보다 자세히 살펴보면 다음과 같다.The boil-off gas that goes through the re-liquefaction process basically undergoes a compression process by the first compressor 210 and the third compressor 230, a cooling process by the first heat exchanger 110 and the second heat exchanger 120, and , part or all of it is re-liquefied through an expansion process by the first pressure reducing device 510, and can bypass the third compressor 230 or the second heat exchanger 120 depending on the operating situation of the ship. Looking at this in more detail, it is as follows.

본 실시예의 제1 열교환기(110)는, 저장탱크(T)로부터 배출된 증발가스를 냉매로 사용하여, 제3 압축기(230)에 의해 압축된 증발가스 또는 제2 우회라인(L2)을 따라 공급되는 증발가스를 냉각시킨다. 저장탱크(T)에서 배출된 후 제1 열교환기(110)에서 냉매로 사용된 증발가스는 두 흐름으로 분기하여, 일부는 제1 압축기(210)로 보내지고, 나머지는 제2 압축기(220)로 보내질 수 있다.The first heat exchanger 110 of this embodiment uses the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank (T) as a refrigerant, and uses the boil-off gas compressed by the third compressor 230 or the second bypass line (L2). Cools the supplied boil-off gas. After being discharged from the storage tank (T), the boil-off gas used as a refrigerant in the first heat exchanger (110) diverges into two flows, with some being sent to the first compressor (210) and the remainder being sent to the second compressor (220). can be sent to

시스템의 구동 초기에는 제1 밸브(V1)를 열어, 저장탱크(T)로부터 배출된 증발가스를, 제1 우회라인(L1)을 따라 제1 열교환기(110)를 우회하여 바로 제1 압축기(210) 및 제2 압축기(220) 중 하나 이상으로 보낸다.At the beginning of operation of the system, the first valve (V1) is opened, and the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank (T) bypasses the first heat exchanger (110) along the first bypass line (L1) and directly enters the first compressor ( 210) and the second compressor 220.

시스템 구동 후 어느 정도 시간이 흘러, 제1 압축기(210)에 의해 압축된 증발가스 중 엔진(E1, E2)으로 보내지지 않은 잉여 증발가스가 제1 열교환기(110)로 공급되면, 제1 밸브(V1)를 닫아 저장탱크(T)로부터 배출되는 증발가스가 제1 열교환기(110)로 공급될 수 있도록 한다. 이하, 시스템 구동 후 어느 정도 시간이 흘러, 저장탱크(T)로부터 배출된 증발가스가 제1 열교환기(110)에서 냉매로 사용된 후 제1 압축기(210) 및 제2 압축기(220) 중 하나 이상으로 보내지는 경우를 설명한다.After some time has passed after the system is started, when the surplus evaporative gas that has not been sent to the engines (E1, E2) among the evaporative gases compressed by the first compressor 210 is supplied to the first heat exchanger 110, the first valve (V1) is closed so that the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank (T) can be supplied to the first heat exchanger (110). Hereinafter, after some time has passed after the system is operated, the evaporation gas discharged from the storage tank (T) is used as a refrigerant in the first heat exchanger (110) and then is used as a refrigerant in one of the first compressor (210) and the second compressor (220). The cases where it is sent are explained above.

본 실시예의 제1 압축기(210)는, 저장탱크(T)로부터 배출된 후 제1 열교환기(110)에서 냉매로 사용된 증발가스를 압축시켜 엔진(E1, E2)으로 공급한다.The first compressor 210 of this embodiment compresses the boil-off gas used as a refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 110 after being discharged from the storage tank T and supplies it to the engines E1 and E2.

본 실시예의 증발가스 재액화 방법이 적용되는 선박은, 제1 엔진(E1) 및 제2 엔진(E2)을 포함할 수 있고, 제1 엔진(E1)은 제2 엔진(E2)보다 더 높은 압력의 증발가스를 연료로 요구하는 엔진일 수 있다. 또한, 제1 엔진(E1)은 추진용 엔진이고, 제2 엔진(E2)은 발전용 엔진일 수 있다. 일례로 제1 엔진(E1)은 ME-GI 엔진이고 제2 엔진(E2)은 DF 엔진일 수 있으며, 다른 예로, 제1 엔진(E1)은 X-DF 엔진이고 제2 엔진(E2)은 DF 엔진일 수 있다.A ship to which the boil-off gas reliquefaction method of this embodiment is applied may include a first engine (E1) and a second engine (E2), and the first engine (E1) has a higher pressure than the second engine (E2). It may be an engine that requires evaporative gas as fuel. Additionally, the first engine (E1) may be a propulsion engine, and the second engine (E2) may be a power generation engine. For example, the first engine (E1) may be a ME-GI engine and the second engine (E2) may be a DF engine. In another example, the first engine (E1) may be an X-DF engine and the second engine (E2) may be a DF engine. It could be the engine.

본 실시예의 증발가스 재액화 방법이 적용되는 선박이, 제1 엔진(E1) 및 제2 엔진(E2)을 포함하고, 제1 엔진(E1)은 제2 엔진(E2)보다 더 높은 압력의 증발가스를 연료로 요구하는 엔진인 경우, 제1 압축기(210)는 제1 엔진(E1)의 요구 압력으로 증발가스를 압축시키고, 제1 압축기(210)에 의해 압축된 증발가스 중 일부는 제3 감압장치(530)에 의해 제2 엔진(E2)의 요구 압력까지 감압된 후 제2 엔진(E2)으로 공급될 수 있다. 제3 감압장치(530)는 줄-톰슨 밸브 등의 팽창밸브일 수 있다.A ship to which the evaporation gas reliquefaction method of this embodiment is applied includes a first engine (E1) and a second engine (E2), and the first engine (E1) has a higher evaporation pressure than the second engine (E2). In the case of an engine that requires gas as fuel, the first compressor 210 compresses the boil-off gas to the required pressure of the first engine (E1), and some of the boil-off gas compressed by the first compressor 210 is transferred to the third The pressure may be reduced to the required pressure of the second engine E2 by the pressure reducing device 530 and then supplied to the second engine E2. The third pressure reducing device 530 may be an expansion valve such as a Joule-Thompson valve.

본 실시예의 제2 압축기(220)는, 제1 압축기(210)와 병렬로 설치되며, 저장탱크(T)로부터 배출된 후 제1 열교환기(110)에서 냉매로 사용된 증발가스 중 제1 압축기(210)로 보내지지 않은 나머지 증발가스를 압축시킬 수 있다. 제2 압축기(220)에 의해 압축된 증발가스는, 폐루프의 냉매 사이클(C)을 순환하며 제2 열교환기(120)에서 냉매로 사용된다.The second compressor 220 of this embodiment is installed in parallel with the first compressor 210, and is used as a refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 110 after being discharged from the storage tank T. The remaining evaporation gas that is not sent to (210) can be compressed. The boil-off gas compressed by the second compressor 220 circulates through a closed loop refrigerant cycle C and is used as a refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 120.

본 실시예에서 재액화 과정을 거치는 잉여 증발가스는, 제1 열교환기(110)에 의해 냉각된 후 제2 열교환기(120)에 의해 추가로 냉각되지 않고, 제3 우회라인(L3)을 따라 제2 열교환기(120)를 우회하여 바로 제1 감압장치(510)로 공급될 수 있는데, 재액화 과정을 거치는 증발가스를 제2 열교환기(120)에 의해 추가로 냉각시키지 않는 경우에는 제2 열교환기(120)로 냉매를 공급할 필요가 없으므로, 증발가스가 폐루프의 냉매 사이클(C)을 순환하도록 할 필요가 없다.In this embodiment, the excess boil-off gas that undergoes the reliquefaction process is cooled by the first heat exchanger 110 and is not further cooled by the second heat exchanger 120, but flows along the third bypass line (L3). It can be supplied directly to the first pressure reducing device 510, bypassing the second heat exchanger 120. If the boil-off gas undergoing the reliquefaction process is not further cooled by the second heat exchanger 120, the second heat exchanger 120 may be used to bypass the second heat exchanger 120. Since there is no need to supply refrigerant to the heat exchanger 120, there is no need to allow the evaporation gas to circulate through the closed loop refrigerant cycle (C).

따라서, 재액화 과정을 거치는 증발가스를 제2 열교환기(120)에 의해 추가로 냉각시키지 않는 경우에는, 제3 밸브(V3)를 닫아 제2 압축기(220)로 증발가스를 공급하지 않는다.Accordingly, when the boil-off gas undergoing the reliquefaction process is not further cooled by the second heat exchanger 120, the third valve V3 is closed and the boil-off gas is not supplied to the second compressor 220.

본 실시예의 제2 압축기(220)는, 제1 압축기(210)의 여분(Redundancy) 역할을 하는 장비로 사용될 수 있다. 즉, 본 실시예의 제2 압축기(220)는, 제1 압축기(210)를 사용할 수 없는 경우 제1 압축기(210)의 역할을 할 수 있다.The second compressor 220 of this embodiment may be used as equipment that serves as redundancy for the first compressor 210. That is, the second compressor 220 of this embodiment can serve as the first compressor 210 when the first compressor 210 cannot be used.

제1 압축기(210)를 고장, 유지 보수 등의 이유로 사용할 수 없는 경우, 제2 밸브(V2)를 닫아 제1 압축기(210)로 증발가스가 공급되지 않도록 하고, 제6 밸브(V6)를 열어 제2 압축기(220)에 의해 압축된 증발가스가 제6 밸브(V6)를 지나 엔진(E1, E2)으로 공급되도록 한다.If the first compressor 210 cannot be used due to failure, maintenance, etc., close the second valve (V2) to prevent evaporation gas from being supplied to the first compressor (210), and open the sixth valve (V6). The evaporative gas compressed by the second compressor 220 is supplied to the engines E1 and E2 through the sixth valve V6.

제2 압축기(220)를 제1 압축기(210) 대신 엔진(E1, E2)의 연료로 공급하는 용도로 사용하는 경우에도, 제2 압축기(220)에 의해 압축된 증발가스 중 엔진(E1, E2)의 연료로 사용되지 않은 잉여 증발가스는 제3 압축기(230) 또는 제2 우회라인(L2)으로 보내져 재액화 과정을 거칠 수 있다.Even when the second compressor 220 is used to supply fuel to the engines E1 and E2 instead of the first compressor 210, the evaporation gas compressed by the second compressor 220 of the engines E1 and E2 ) Excess boil-off gas that is not used as fuel may be sent to the third compressor 230 or the second bypass line (L2) to undergo a re-liquefaction process.

또한, 제2 압축기(220)를 제1 압축기(210) 대신 엔진(E1, E2)의 연료로 공급하는 용도로 사용하는 경우, 제2 압축기(220)에 의해 압축된 증발가스는 폐루프의 냉매 사이클(C)을 순환하지 않으며, 잉여 증발가스를 재액화시키는 경우에도 제1 열교환기(110)에 의해 냉각된 증발가스를 제3 우회라인(L3)을 따라 바로 제1 감압장치(510)로 보내고, 제2 열교환기(120)에 의해 추가로 냉각시키지 않는다.In addition, when the second compressor 220 is used to supply fuel to the engines E1 and E2 instead of the first compressor 210, the evaporation gas compressed by the second compressor 220 is used as the refrigerant in the closed loop. Even when the cycle (C) is not circulated and the excess boil-off gas is re-liquefied, the boil-off gas cooled by the first heat exchanger (110) is sent directly to the first pressure reducing device (510) along the third bypass line (L3). , no additional cooling is performed by the second heat exchanger 120.

본 실시예의 제3 압축기(230)는, 제1 압축기(210)에 의해 압축된 증발가스 중 엔진(E1, E2)의 연료로 사용되지 않은 잉여 증발가스를 추가로 압축시킨 후 제1 열교환기(110)로 보내며, 필요에 따라 다수개 설치될 수도 있다.The third compressor 230 of this embodiment further compresses the surplus evaporation gas that is not used as fuel for the engines E1 and E2 among the evaporation gas compressed by the first compressor 210, and then connects the first heat exchanger ( 110), and may be installed in multiple numbers as needed.

도 2 및 도 3은 증발가스의 재액화량을 39 bara 내지 300 bara 압력 범위에서 나타낸 그래프이다.Figures 2 and 3 are graphs showing the re-liquefaction amount of boil-off gas in the pressure range of 39 bara to 300 bara.

도 2 및 도 3을 참조하면, 본 실시예의 증발가스 재액화 방법에 의하면, 제1 열교환기(110)로 공급되는 증발가스의 압력이 높을수록 재액화량이 증가하며, 대략 150 bara 부근에서 재액화량이 최고치가 된다. 또한, 증발가스의 압력이 대략 150 bara 내지 300 bara 사이일 때에는 재액화량의 변화가 그리 크지 않음을 알 수 있다.Referring to Figures 2 and 3, according to the boil-off gas re-liquefaction method of this embodiment, the higher the pressure of the boil-off gas supplied to the first heat exchanger 110, the amount of re-liquefaction increases, and re-liquefaction occurs around 150 bara. The amount reaches its highest level. In addition, it can be seen that when the pressure of the boil-off gas is between approximately 150 bara and 300 bara, the change in the amount of re-liquefaction is not very large.

본 실시예의 증발가스 재액화 방법이 적용되는 선박이, 제1 엔진(E1) 및 제2 엔진(E2)을 포함하고, 제1 엔진(E1)은 제2 엔진(E2)보다 더 높은 압력의 증발가스를 연료로 요구하는 엔진인 경우, 제1 압축기(210)는 제1 엔진(E1)의 요구 압력으로 증발가스를 압축시키는데, 제1 엔진(E1)의 요구 압력으로 압축된 증발가스가 재액화 과정을 거치기에 압력이 충분하지 않은 경우, 증발가스를 제3 압축기(230)에 의해 추가로 압축시켜 제1 열교환기(110)로 보낼 수 있다. 제1 압축기(210)에 의해 압축된 증발가스를 제3 압축기(230)에 의해 추가로 압축시키는 경우에는 제4 밸브(V4)는 닫은 상태로 유지한다.A ship to which the evaporation gas reliquefaction method of this embodiment is applied includes a first engine (E1) and a second engine (E2), and the first engine (E1) has a higher evaporation pressure than the second engine (E2). In the case of an engine that requires gas as fuel, the first compressor 210 compresses the boil-off gas to the required pressure of the first engine (E1), and the boil-off gas compressed to the required pressure of the first engine (E1) is re-liquefied. If the pressure is not sufficient to undergo the process, the boil-off gas can be further compressed by the third compressor 230 and sent to the first heat exchanger 110. When the boil-off gas compressed by the first compressor 210 is further compressed by the third compressor 230, the fourth valve V4 is kept closed.

그러나, 제1 압축기(210)에 의해 제1 엔진(E1)의 요구 압력으로 압축된 증발가스의 압력이 재액화 과정을 거치기에 충분할 경우에는, 증발가스를 제3 압축기(230)에 의해 추가로 압축시킬 필요가 없으므로, 제4 밸브(V4)를 열어, 제1 압축기(210)에 의해 압축된 증발가스가 제3 압축기(230)를 우회하여 제2 우회라인(L2)을 따라 제1 열교환기(110)로 공급되도록 한다.However, if the pressure of the boil-off gas compressed by the first compressor 210 to the required pressure of the first engine E1 is sufficient to undergo the re-liquefaction process, the boil-off gas is additionally compressed by the third compressor 230. Since there is no need for compression, the fourth valve (V4) is opened, and the boil-off gas compressed by the first compressor (210) bypasses the third compressor (230) and enters the first heat exchanger along the second bypass line (L2). Ensure that it is supplied to (110).

일례로, 제1 엔진(E1)이 X-DF엔진인 경우, X-DF엔진은 대략 16 bara의 증발가스를 연료로 사용하므로, 제1 압축기(210)는 증발가스를 대략 16 bara로 압축시킨다. 제1 압축기(210)에 의해 대략 16 bara로 압축된 증발가스를 바로 재액화 과정을 거치게 하는 경우 재액화량이 현저히 떨어지므로, 제1 압축기(210)에 의해 압축된 증발가스를 제3 압축기(230)에 의해 추가로 압축시켜 제1 열교환기(110)로 공급한다. 제3 압축기(230)에 의해 추가로 압축된 증발가스의 압력은, 재액화량이 최고치가 되는 대략 150 bara인 것이 바람직하다.For example, when the first engine (E1) is an . When the boil-off gas compressed to approximately 16 bara by the first compressor 210 is directly subjected to a re-liquefaction process, the amount of re-liquefaction decreases significantly, so the boil-off gas compressed by the first compressor 210 is transferred to the third compressor (230). ) is further compressed and supplied to the first heat exchanger (110). The pressure of the boil-off gas additionally compressed by the third compressor 230 is preferably approximately 150 bara, at which the re-liquefaction amount reaches its highest value.

또 다른 예로, 제1 엔진(E1)이 ME-GI엔진인 경우, ME-GI엔진은 대략 300 bara의 증발가스를 연료로 사용하므로, 제1 압축기(210)는 증발가스를 대략 300 bara로 압축시킨다. 제1 압축기(210)에 의해 대략 300 bara로 압축된 증발가스는 재액화 과정을 거치기에 충분한 압력이므로, 제1 압축기(210)에 의해 압축된 증발가스를 제2 우회라인(L2)을 따라 바로 제1 열교환기(110)로 공급한다.As another example, when the first engine (E1) is a ME-GI engine, the ME-GI engine uses boil-off gas of approximately 300 bara as fuel, so the first compressor 210 compresses the boil-off gas to approximately 300 bara. I order it. Since the boil-off gas compressed to approximately 300 bara by the first compressor 210 is at a pressure sufficient to undergo a re-liquefaction process, the boil-off gas compressed by the first compressor 210 is directly compressed along the second bypass line (L2). It is supplied to the first heat exchanger (110).

한편, 저장탱크(T) 내부의 액화천연가스의 양이 많아 증발가스가 많이 발생하는 경우나 선박의 속도가 낮아 추진용 엔진(E1)에서 증발가스를 적게 사용하는 경우에는 재액화시킬 증발가스량이 많아지고, 저장탱크(T) 내부의 액화천연가스의 양이 적어 증발가스가 적게 발생하는 경우나 선박의 속도가 높아 추진용 엔진(E1)에서 증발가스를 많이 사용하는 경우에는 재액화시킬 증발가스량이 적어지는데, 본 실시예의 제1 엔진(E1)의 요구 압력으로 압축된 증발가스가 재액화 과정을 거치기에 압력이 충분하지 않은 경우에도, 재액화시킬 잉여 증발가스의 양이 많지 않은 경우에는 제1 압축기(210)에 의해 압축된 증발가스를 제3 압축기(230)에 의해 추가로 압축시키지 않고, 제2 우회라인(L2)을 따라 바로 제1 열교환기(110)로 보낼 수 있다.On the other hand, when the amount of liquefied natural gas inside the storage tank (T) is large and a lot of boil-off gas is generated, or when the speed of the ship is low and the propulsion engine (E1) uses less boil-off gas, the amount of boil-off gas to be re-liquefied is When the amount of liquefied natural gas inside the storage tank (T) is small and less boil-off gas is generated, or when the speed of the ship is high and a lot of boil-off gas is used in the propulsion engine (E1), the amount of boil-off gas to be re-liquefied is increased. This decreases, and even when the pressure of the boil-off gas compressed to the required pressure of the first engine (E1) of this embodiment is not sufficient to undergo the re-liquefaction process, if the amount of surplus boil-off gas to be re-liquefied is not large, the 1 The boil-off gas compressed by compressor 210 can be directly sent to the first heat exchanger 110 along the second bypass line (L2) without being further compressed by the third compressor 230.

일례로, 본 실시예의 제1 엔진(E1)이 X-DF엔진인 경우, 제1 압축기(210)에 의해 대략 16 bara로 압축된 증발가스를 바로 재액화 과정을 거치게 하면 재액화량이 적어지기는 하나, 선속이 15.5 knots 이상인 경우에는 재액화시킬 증발가스의 양이 적어 제1 압축기(210)에 의해 압축된 증발가스를 제3 압축기(230)에 의해 추가로 압축시킬 필요가 없을 수 있다.For example, when the first engine (E1) of this embodiment is an However, when the ship speed is 15.5 knots or more, the amount of boil-off gas to be re-liquefied is small, so there may be no need to further compress the boil-off gas compressed by the first compressor 210 by the third compressor 230.

본 발명에 의하면, 엔진의 요구 압력과 재액화시킬 증발가스의 양에 따라 제3 압축기(230)의 구동 여부를 결정할 수 있으므로, 재액화량과 경제적 요소를 고려하여 선박의 운용 상황에 유연하게 대처할 수 있다.According to the present invention, it is possible to determine whether to operate the third compressor 230 according to the required pressure of the engine and the amount of boil-off gas to be re-liquefied, so that it can flexibly respond to the operating situation of the ship by considering the amount of re-liquefaction and economic factors. You can.

본 실시예의 제1 압축기(210), 또는 제1 압축기(210) 및 제3 압축기(230)에 의해 압축된 증발가스는, 제1 열교환기(110)에 의해 냉각되고 제2 열교환기(120)에 의해 추가로 냉각된 후 제1 감압장치(510)로 보내질 수도 있고, 제1 열교환기(110)에 의해 냉각된 후 제3 우회라인(L3)을 따라 제2 열교환기(120)를 우회하여 바로 제1 감압장치(510)로 보내질 수도 있다.The boil-off gas compressed by the first compressor 210, or the first compressor 210 and the third compressor 230 of this embodiment is cooled by the first heat exchanger 110 and the second heat exchanger 120. After being further cooled by, it may be sent to the first pressure reducing device 510, and after being cooled by the first heat exchanger 110, it may bypass the second heat exchanger 120 along the third bypass line L3. It may be sent directly to the first pressure reducing device 510.

재액화시킬 증발가스의 양이 많은 경우에는, 제1 열교환기(110)에 의해 냉각된 유체를 제2 열교환기(120)에 의해 추가로 냉각시켜 재액화량을 높일 수 있고, 재액화시킬 증발가스의 양이 적은 경우에는, 제1 열교환기(110)에 의해 냉각된 유체를 제3 우회라인(L3)을 따라 바로 제1 감압장치(510)로 보내며, 제2 열교환기(120) 및 폐루프의 냉매 사이클(C)을 구동시키지 않아 에너지 및 비용을 절감할 수 있다.When the amount of evaporation gas to be reliquefied is large, the amount of reliquefaction can be increased by additionally cooling the fluid cooled by the first heat exchanger 110 by the second heat exchanger 120, and the evaporation to be reliquefied When the amount of gas is small, the fluid cooled by the first heat exchanger 110 is sent directly to the first pressure reducing device 510 along the third bypass line (L3), and the fluid cooled by the first heat exchanger 110 is sent directly to the first pressure reducing device 510 and the second heat exchanger 120 and the waste Energy and costs can be saved by not running the loop's refrigerant cycle (C).

일례로, 선속이 15.5 knots 이하일 경우에는, 제1 열교환기(110)에 의해 냉각된 유체를 제2 열교환기(120)에 의해 추가로 냉각시킨 후 제1 감압장치(510)로 보내고, 선속이 15.5 knots 초과일 경우에는, 제1 열교환기(110)에 의해 냉각된 유체를 제3 우회라인(L3)을 따라 바로 제1 감압장치(510)로 보내고, 제2 열교환기(120) 및 폐루프의 냉매 사이클(C)을 구동시키지 않을 수 있다.For example, when the ship speed is 15.5 knots or less, the fluid cooled by the first heat exchanger 110 is further cooled by the second heat exchanger 120 and then sent to the first decompression device 510, and the fluid cooled by the first heat exchanger 110 is further cooled by the second heat exchanger 120 and then sent to the first decompression device 510. If it exceeds 15.5 knots, the fluid cooled by the first heat exchanger 110 is sent directly to the first pressure reducing device 510 along the third bypass line (L3), and the fluid is sent to the second heat exchanger 120 and the closed loop. The refrigerant cycle (C) may not be driven.

본 발명에 의하면, 재액화시킬 증발가스의 양에 따라 제2 열교환기(120) 및 폐루프의 냉매 사이클(C)의 구동 여부를 결정할 수 있으므로, 재액화량과 경제적 요소를 고려하여 선박의 운용 상향의 유연하게 대처할 수 있다.According to the present invention, it is possible to determine whether to operate the second heat exchanger 120 and the closed loop refrigerant cycle (C) depending on the amount of boil-off gas to be re-liquefied, so the ship can be operated by considering the amount of re-liquefaction and economic factors. You can respond flexibly upward.

본 실시예의 제1 감압장치(510)는, 제1 열교환기(110)에 의해 냉각된 증발가스, 또는 제1 열교환기(110) 및 제2 열교환기(120)에 의해 냉각된 증발가스를 팽창시킨다. 제1 압축기(210) 또는 제1 압축기(210) 및 제3 압축기(230)에 의한 압축과정과, 제1 열교환기(110) 또는 제1 열교환기(110) 및 제2 열교환기(120)에 의한 냉각과정과, 제1 감압장치(510)에 의한 팽창과정을 거친 증발가스는 일부 또는 전부가 재액화된다. 본 실시예의 제1 감압장치(510)는, 줄-톰슨 밸브 등의 팽창밸브일 수 있다.The first pressure reducing device 510 of this embodiment expands the boil-off gas cooled by the first heat exchanger 110, or the boil-off gas cooled by the first heat exchanger 110 and the second heat exchanger 120. I order it. Compression process by the first compressor 210 or the first compressor 210 and the third compressor 230, and the first heat exchanger 110 or the first heat exchanger 110 and the second heat exchanger 120 The evaporated gas that has gone through the cooling process and the expansion process by the first pressure reducing device 510 is partially or entirely re-liquefied. The first pressure reducing device 510 of this embodiment may be an expansion valve such as a Joule-Thompson valve.

본 실시예의 증발가스 재액화 방법이 적용되는 시스템은, 제1 감압장치(510) 후단에서 설치되어, 재액화된 액화가스와 기체상태의 가스를 분리하는 기액분리기(600)를 더 포함할 수 있다. 기액분리기(600)에 의해 분리된 기체상태의 가스는, 재액화되지 못하고 남은 증발가스와 제1 감압장치(510)에 의해 팽창되며 생성된 플래쉬 가스가 혼합된 유체일 수 있다.The system to which the boil-off gas re-liquefaction method of this embodiment is applied may further include a gas-liquid separator 600 installed at a rear end of the first pressure reducing device 510 to separate the re-liquefied liquefied gas from the gaseous gas. . The gas in the gaseous state separated by the gas-liquid separator 600 may be a mixed fluid of the boil-off gas remaining after being unable to be re-liquefied and the flash gas generated by expansion by the first pressure reducing device 510.

기액분리기(600)에 의해 분리된 액화천연가스는 저장탱크(T)로 복귀되고, 기액분리기(600)에 의해 분리된 기체상태의 가스는 저장탱크(T)로부터 배출된 증발가스와 합류되어 제1 열교환기(110)의 냉매로 사용될 수 있다.The liquefied natural gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 600 is returned to the storage tank (T), and the gaseous gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 600 joins with the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank (T) to produce 1 It can be used as a refrigerant in the heat exchanger 110.

한편, 본 실시예의 제2 압축기(220)에 의해 압축된 증발가스는, 제2 열교환기(120)에 의해 냉각된 후 제2 감압장치(520)로 보내진다.Meanwhile, the boil-off gas compressed by the second compressor 220 of this embodiment is cooled by the second heat exchanger 120 and then sent to the second pressure reducing device 520.

본 실시예의 제2 감압장치(520)는, 제2 압축기(220)에 의해 압축된 후 제2 열교환기(120)에 의해 냉각된 유체를 팽창시킨 후 다시 제2 열교환기(120)로 보낸다. 제2 감압장치(520)에 의해 팽창되어 압력뿐만 아니라 온도도 낮아진 유체는, 제2 열교환기(120)에서 냉매로 사용된다.The second pressure reducing device 520 of this embodiment expands the fluid compressed by the second compressor 220 and then cooled by the second heat exchanger 120 and then sends it back to the second heat exchanger 120. The fluid, which is expanded by the second pressure reducing device 520 and whose pressure and temperature are lowered, is used as a refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 120.

즉, 제2 열교환기(120)는, 제2 감압장치(520)에 의해 팽창된 유체를 냉매로, 제1 열교환기(110)에 의해 1차로 냉각된 유체와, 제2 압축기(220)에 의해 압축된 후 냉매 사이클(C)로 보내진 증발가스를 열교환시켜 냉각시킨다. 제2 감압장치(520)에 의해 팽창된 후 제2 열교환기(120)에서 냉매로 사용된 유체는 제4 압축기(240)로 보내지며, 본 실시예의 제2 감압장치(520)는 팽창기일 수 있다.That is, the second heat exchanger 120 uses the fluid expanded by the second pressure reducing device 520 as a refrigerant, the fluid primarily cooled by the first heat exchanger 110, and the second compressor 220. After being compressed by the evaporation gas sent to the refrigerant cycle (C), it is cooled by heat exchange. The fluid used as a refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 120 after being expanded by the second pressure reducing device 520 is sent to the fourth compressor 240, and the second pressure reducing device 520 in this embodiment may be an expander. there is.

본 실시예의 제4 압축기(240)는, 제2 감압장치(520)에 팽창된 후 제2 열교환기(120)에서 냉매로 사용된 유체를 압축시킨다. 제4 압축기(240)는, 제2 감압장치(520)에 의해 팽창되어 낮아진 증발가스의 압력을 보상하여, 폐루프의 냉매 사이클(C)을 순환하는 증발가스의 평균 압력을 유지시키는 역할을 한다. 본 실시예의 제4 압축기(240)는, 제2 감압장치(520)와 압신기(Compander)를 형성하여, 제2 감압장치(520)가 유체를 팽창시키면서 생산하는 동력에 의해 구동될 수 있다.The fourth compressor 240 of this embodiment compresses the fluid used as a refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 120 after being expanded in the second pressure reducing device 520. The fourth compressor 240 compensates for the lowered pressure of the boil-off gas expanded by the second pressure reducing device 520, and serves to maintain the average pressure of the boil-off gas circulating in the closed loop refrigerant cycle (C). . The fourth compressor 240 of this embodiment forms a compander with the second pressure reducing device 520 and can be driven by the power produced by the second pressure reducing device 520 while expanding the fluid.

본 실시예의 증발가스 재액화 방법이 적용되는 시스템은, 제4 압축기(240)에 의해 압축되며 압력뿐만 아니라 온도도 높아진 증발가스의 온도를 낮추는 냉각기(400)를 더 포함할 수 있다.The system to which the boil-off gas reliquefaction method of this embodiment is applied may further include a cooler 400 that lowers the temperature of the boil-off gas that is compressed by the fourth compressor 240 and whose temperature as well as the pressure has increased.

본 실시예의 증발가스 재액화 방법이 적용되는 시스템이 냉각기(400)를 포함하는 경우, 본 실시예의 증발가스 재액화 방법이 적용되는 시스템은, 제2 압축기(220), 제2 열교환기(120), 제2 감압장치(520), 다시 제2 열교환기(120), 제4 압축기(240), 냉각기(400), 및 다시 제2 압축기(220)를 연결하는 폐루프의 냉매 사이클(C)을 형성하며, 냉매 사이클(C)을 순환하는 증발가스는, 제2 열교환기(120)의 냉매로 사용된다.When the system to which the boil-off gas re-liquefaction method of this embodiment is applied includes a cooler 400, the system to which the boil-off gas re-liquefaction method of this embodiment is applied includes a second compressor 220 and a second heat exchanger 120. , a closed loop refrigerant cycle (C) connecting the second pressure reducing device 520, the second heat exchanger 120, the fourth compressor 240, the cooler 400, and the second compressor 220 again. The evaporation gas that is formed and circulates through the refrigerant cycle (C) is used as a refrigerant in the second heat exchanger (120).

본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 따른 증발가스 재액화 방법을 정리하면 다음과 같다.The method for re-liquefying boil-off gas according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is summarized as follows.

1. 모든 장비가 정상적으로 작동하는 경우1. If all equipment is operating normally

1) 엔진의 요구 압력이 재액화에 필요한 압력을 만족시키는 경우, 일례로 제1 엔진(E1)이 ME-GI엔진이고 제1 압축기(210)가 대략 300 bar의 압력으로 증발가스를 압축시키는 경우에는, 제3 압축기(230)를 사용하지 않는다. 엔진의 요구 압력이 재액화에 필요한 압력을 만족시키는 경우, 재액화시킬 증발가스의 양에 따라 다음과 같이 냉매 사이클(C) 및 제2 열교환기(120)의 사용 여부가 결정된다.1) When the required pressure of the engine satisfies the pressure required for reliquefaction, for example, when the first engine (E1) is a ME-GI engine and the first compressor (210) compresses the boil-off gas at a pressure of approximately 300 bar. , the third compressor 230 is not used. When the required pressure of the engine satisfies the pressure required for re-liquefaction, whether to use the refrigerant cycle (C) and the second heat exchanger 120 is determined according to the amount of boil-off gas to be re-liquefied as follows.

- 재액화시킬 증발가스의 양이 일정값 이상인 경우, 일례로 선속이 15.5 knots 이하인 경우 또는 선박이 정박하고 있을 경우에는, 냉매 사이클(C) 및 제2 열교환기(120)를 사용한다. 재액화 과정을 거치는 증발가스는, 제1 압축기(210)에 의해 압축된 후 제2 우회라인(L2)을 따라 제1 열교환기(110)로 공급되며, 제1 열교환기(110)에 의해 냉각된 유체는 제2 열교환기(120)에 의해 추가로 냉각된 후 제1 감압장치(510)로 보내진다.- When the amount of boil-off gas to be reliquefied is above a certain value, for example, when the ship speed is less than 15.5 knots or when the ship is at anchor, the refrigerant cycle (C) and the second heat exchanger (120) are used. The boil-off gas that undergoes the reliquefaction process is compressed by the first compressor 210 and then supplied to the first heat exchanger 110 along the second bypass line (L2), and cooled by the first heat exchanger 110. The cooled fluid is further cooled by the second heat exchanger 120 and then sent to the first pressure reducing device 510.

- 재액화시킬 증발가스의 양이 일정값 미만인 경우, 일례로 선속이 15.5 bara 초과인 경우에는, 냉매 사이클(C) 및 제2 열교환기(120)를 사용하지 않는다. 재액화 과정을 거치는 증발가스는, 제1 압축기(210)에 의해 압축된 후 제2 우회라인(L2)을 따라 제1 열교환기(110)로 공급되며, 제1 열교환기(110)에 의해 냉각된 유체는 제3 우회라인(L3)을 따라 제1 감압장치(510)로 보내진다.- When the amount of boil-off gas to be reliquefied is less than a certain value, for example, when the linear speed is more than 15.5 bara, the refrigerant cycle (C) and the second heat exchanger (120) are not used. The boil-off gas that undergoes the reliquefaction process is compressed by the first compressor 210 and then supplied to the first heat exchanger 110 along the second bypass line (L2), and cooled by the first heat exchanger 110. The resulting fluid is sent to the first pressure reducing device 510 along the third bypass line (L3).

2) 엔진의 요구 압력이 재액화에 필요한 압력을 만족시키지 못하는 경우, 일례로 제1 엔진(E1)이 X-DF엔진이고 제1 압축기(210)가 대략 16 bar의 압력으로 증발가스를 압축시키는 경우2) If the required pressure of the engine does not satisfy the pressure required for re-liquefaction, for example, the first engine (E1) is an X-DF engine and the first compressor 210 compresses the boil-off gas to a pressure of approximately 16 bar. case

- 재액화시킬 증발가스량이 일정값 이상인 경우, 일례로 선속이 15.5 bara 이하인 경우 또는 선박이 정박하고 있을 경우에는, 제3 압축기(230), 냉매 사이클(C) 및 제2 열교환기(120)를 사용한다. 재액화 과정을 거치는 증발가스는, 제1 압축기(210) 및 제3 압축기(230)에 의해 압축된 후 제1 열교환기(110)로 공급되며, 제1 열교환기(110)에 의해 냉각된 유체는 제2 열교환기(120)에 의해 추가로 냉각된 후 제1 감압장치(510)로 보내진다.- When the amount of boil-off gas to be reliquefied is above a certain value, for example, when the ship speed is below 15.5 bara or when the ship is at anchor, the third compressor 230, refrigerant cycle (C), and second heat exchanger (120) are used. use. The boil-off gas that undergoes the reliquefaction process is compressed by the first compressor 210 and the third compressor 230 and then supplied to the first heat exchanger 110, and the fluid cooled by the first heat exchanger 110 is further cooled by the second heat exchanger 120 and then sent to the first pressure reducing device 510.

- 재액화시킬 증발가스량이 일정값 미만인 경우, 일례로 선속이 15.5 bara 초과인 경우에는, 제3 압축기(230), 냉매 사이클(C) 및 제2 열교환기(120)를 사용하지 않는다. 재액화 과정을 거치는 증발가스는, 제1 압축기(210)에 의해 압축된 후 제2 우회라인(L2)을 따라 제1 열교환기(110)로 공급되며, 제1 열교환기(110)에 의해 냉각된 유체는 제3 우회라인(L3)을 따라 제1 감압장치(510)로 보내진다.- If the amount of boil-off gas to be reliquefied is less than a certain value, for example, if the linear speed is more than 15.5 bara, the third compressor 230, refrigerant cycle (C), and second heat exchanger 120 are not used. The boil-off gas that undergoes the reliquefaction process is compressed by the first compressor 210 and then supplied to the first heat exchanger 110 along the second bypass line (L2), and cooled by the first heat exchanger 110. The resulting fluid is sent to the first pressure reducing device 510 along the third bypass line (L3).

2. 사용 불가한 장비가 있는 경우2. If there is equipment that cannot be used

1) 제1 압축기(210)를 사용할 수 없는 경우에는, 제2 압축기(220)를 제1 압축기(210) 대신 사용하고, 냉매 사이클(C) 및 제2 열교환기(120)를 사용하지 않는다. 제2 압축기(220)에 의해 압축된 증발가스가 제6 밸브(V6)를 지나 엔진(E1, E2)의 연료로 공급되며, 재액화 과정을 거치는 증발가스는, 제2 압축기(220)에 의해 압축된 후 제3 압축기(230) 또는 제2 우회라인(L2)을 지나 제1 열교환기(110)로 보내진다. 제1 열교환기(110)에 의해 냉각된 유체는 제3 우회라인(L3)을 따라 제1 감압장치(510)로 보내진다.1) When the first compressor 210 cannot be used, the second compressor 220 is used instead of the first compressor 210, and the refrigerant cycle C and the second heat exchanger 120 are not used. The boil-off gas compressed by the second compressor 220 passes through the sixth valve V6 and is supplied as fuel to the engines E1 and E2, and the boil-off gas that undergoes the re-liquefaction process is supplied by the second compressor 220. After being compressed, it is sent to the first heat exchanger (110) through the third compressor (230) or the second bypass line (L2). The fluid cooled by the first heat exchanger 110 is sent to the first pressure reducing device 510 along the third bypass line (L3).

2) 제2 압축기(220), 제2 열교환기(120), 제2 감압장치(520), 및 제4 압축기(240) 중 하나 이상을 사용할 수 없는 경우, 냉매 사이클(C) 및 제2 열교환기(120)를 사용하지 않는다. 재액화 과정을 거치는 증발가스는, 제1 압축기(210)에 의해 압축된 후 제3 압축기(230) 또는 제2 우회라인(L2)을 지나 제1 열교환기(110)로 보내진다. 제1 열교환기(110)에 의해 냉각된 유체는 제3 우회라인(L3)을 따라 제1 감압장치(510)로 보내진다.2) When one or more of the second compressor 220, the second heat exchanger 120, the second pressure reducing device 520, and the fourth compressor 240 cannot be used, the refrigerant cycle (C) and the second heat exchange Do not use 120. The boil-off gas that undergoes the reliquefaction process is compressed by the first compressor 210 and then sent to the first heat exchanger 110 through the third compressor 230 or the second bypass line (L2). The fluid cooled by the first heat exchanger 110 is sent to the first pressure reducing device 510 along the third bypass line (L3).

3) 제3 압축기(230)를 사용할 수 없는 경우에는, 제3 압축기(230)를 사용하지 않고, 제1 압축기(210)에 의해 압축된 증발가스를 제2 우회라인(L2)을 따라 바로 제1 열교환기(110)로 공급한다.3) If the third compressor 230 cannot be used, the evaporation gas compressed by the first compressor 210 is directly discharged along the second bypass line (L2) without using the third compressor 230. 1 Supply to heat exchanger (110).

본 발명은 상기 실시예에 한정되지 않고, 본 발명의 기술적 요지를 벗어나지 아니하는 범위 내에서 다양하게 수정 또는 변형되어 실시될 수 있음은 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에 있어서 자명한 것이다.The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented with various modifications or variations without departing from the technical gist of the present invention. It was done.

T : 저장탱크 E1, E2 : 엔진
V1 ~ V6 : 밸브 L1, L2, L3 : 우회라인
C : 냉매 사이클 110, 120 : 열교환기
210, 220, 230, 240 : 압축기 510, 520, 530 : 감압장치
400 : 냉각기 600 : 기액분리기T: Storage tank E1, E2: Engine
V1 ~ V6: Valve L1, L2, L3: Bypass line
C: Refrigerant cycle 110, 120: Heat exchanger
210, 220, 230, 240: Compressor 510, 520, 530: Pressure reducing device
400: Cooler 600: Gas-liquid separator

Claims (20)

삭제delete 엔진의 연료로 사용되고 남은 잉여 증발가스를, 증발가스 자체를 냉매로 열교환시켜 재액화시키는 방법에 있어서,
상기 엔진으로 공급하기 위해 압축된 증발가스를 추가적으로 압축시킬지 여부는, 상기 엔진의 요구 압력과 재액화시킬 증발가스의 양에 따라 결정하고,
증발가스 자체를 냉매로 열교환되어 냉각된 유체를, 냉매 사이클을 순환하는 증발가스를 냉매로 추가적으로 열교환시켜 냉각시킬지 여부는, 재액화시킬 증발가스의 양에 따라 결정하며,
저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스의 일부 또는 전부를 제1 압축기에 의해 압축시키고,
상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스의 일부 또는 전부를, 상기 제1 압축기와 병렬로 설치되는 제2 압축기에 의해 압축시키고,
상기 제1 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스는 상기 엔진의 연료로 공급되고,
상기 제2 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스는 폐루프의 냉매 사이클을 순환하고,
상기 제1 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스 중 상기 엔진의 연료로 공급되지 않은 잉여 증발가스는, 제3 압축기에 의해 추가로 압축되거나 제3 압축기를 우회하여 제1 열교환기로 보내지고,
상기 제3 압축기에 의해 추가로 압축되거나 상기 제3 압축기를 우회하여 상기 제1 열교환기로 보내진 증발가스는, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출되는 증발가스를 냉매로 열교환되어 냉각되고,
상기 제1 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 증발가스는, 상기 냉매 사이클을 순환하는 유체를 냉매로 제2 열교환기에 의해 추가로 냉각되거나 상기 제2 열교환기를 우회하여 제1 감압장치로 보내지는, 증발가스 재액화 방법.A method of re-liquefying excess evaporative gas remaining after being used as engine fuel by heat-exchanging the evaporative gas itself with a refrigerant,
Whether to additionally compress the compressed boil-off gas to be supplied to the engine is determined depending on the required pressure of the engine and the amount of boil-off gas to be re-liquefied,
Whether to cool the fluid cooled by heat exchange of the boil-off gas itself with the refrigerant or by additional heat exchange of the boil-off gas circulating in the refrigerant cycle with the refrigerant is determined depending on the amount of boil-off gas to be re-liquefied.
Compressing part or all of the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank by the first compressor,
Part or all of the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank is compressed by a second compressor installed in parallel with the first compressor,
The evaporative gas compressed by the first compressor is supplied as fuel to the engine,
The evaporation gas compressed by the second compressor circulates through a closed loop refrigerant cycle,
Among the evaporative gas compressed by the first compressor, the excess evaporative gas that is not supplied as fuel for the engine is further compressed by the third compressor or is sent to the first heat exchanger by bypassing the third compressor,
The boil-off gas that is additionally compressed by the third compressor or bypasses the third compressor and is sent to the first heat exchanger is cooled by heat exchanging the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank with a refrigerant,
The boil-off gas cooled by the first heat exchanger is further cooled by a second heat exchanger using the fluid circulating in the refrigerant cycle as a refrigerant, or bypasses the second heat exchanger and is sent to the first pressure reducing device, where the boil-off gas is re-liquefied. method. 청구항 2에 있어서,
상기 냉매 사이클은, 상기 제2 압축기, 상기 제2 열교환기, 제2 감압장치, 다시 상기 제2 열교환기, 제4 압축기, 및 다시 상기 제2 압축기를 연결하고,
상기 제2 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 후 상기 제2 감압장치에 의해 팽창된 유체는 상기 제2 열교환기의 냉매로 사용된 후 상기 제4 압축기로 공급되는, 증발가스 재액화 방법.In claim 2,
The refrigerant cycle connects the second compressor, the second heat exchanger, the second pressure reducing device, the second heat exchanger, the fourth compressor, and the second compressor,
A method of reliquefying boil-off gas, wherein the fluid expanded by the second pressure reducing device after being cooled by the second heat exchanger is used as a refrigerant of the second heat exchanger and then supplied to the fourth compressor. 청구항 3에 있어서,
상기 제4 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스는, 냉각기에 의해 냉각된 후 상기 제2 압축기로 보내지는, 증발가스 재액화 방법.In claim 3,
The boil-off gas compressed by the fourth compressor is cooled by a cooler and then sent to the second compressor. 청구항 2에 있어서,
상기 제1 감압장치에 의해 팽창된 유체를 기액분리기에 의해 재액화된 액화가스와 기체상태의 가스로 분리하는, 증발가스 재액화 방법.In claim 2,
A method of re-liquefying boil-off gas, in which the fluid expanded by the first pressure reducing device is separated into liquefied gas and gaseous gas re-liquefied by a gas-liquid separator. 청구항 5에 있어서,
상기 기액분리기에 의해 분리된 기체상태의 가스는, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스와 합류되어 상기 제1 열교환기의 냉매로 사용되는, 증발가스 재액화 방법.In claim 5,
The gaseous gas separated by the gas-liquid separator is combined with the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank and used as a refrigerant of the first heat exchanger. 청구항 2 내지 청구항 6 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 엔진의 요구 압력이 재액화에 필요한 압력을 만족시키는 경우, 상기 제1 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스를 상기 제3 압축기를 우회시켜 상기 제1 열교환기로 보내는, 증발가스 재액화 방법.The method according to any one of claims 2 to 6,
When the required pressure of the engine satisfies the pressure required for re-liquefaction, the boil-off gas compressed by the first compressor is sent to the first heat exchanger by bypassing the third compressor. 청구항 7에 있어서,
상기 엔진의 요구 압력이 재액화에 필요한 압력을 만족시키는 경우는, 상기 엔진이 ME-GI엔진인 경우인, 증발가스 재액화 방법.In claim 7,
When the required pressure of the engine satisfies the pressure required for reliquefaction, the boil-off gas reliquefaction method is when the engine is a ME-GI engine. 청구항 7에 있어서,
재액화시킬 증발가스의 양이 일정값 이상인 경우, 상기 제1 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 증발가스를, 상기 냉매 사이클을 순환하는 유체를 냉매로 상기 제2 열교환기에 의해 추가로 냉각시키는, 증발가스 재액화 방법.In claim 7,
When the amount of boil-off gas to be re-liquefied is greater than a certain value, boil-off gas re-liquefaction is performed by further cooling the boil-off gas cooled by the first heat exchanger by the second heat exchanger using the fluid circulating in the refrigerant cycle as a refrigerant. method. 청구항 9에 있어서,
상기 재액화시킬 증발가스의 양이 일정값 이상인 경우는, 선박의 선속이 15.5 knots 이하이거나 상기 선박이 정박하고 있을 때인, 증발가스 재액화 방법.In claim 9,
When the amount of boil-off gas to be re-liquefied is more than a certain value, the speed of the ship is less than 15.5 knots or the ship is at anchor. 청구항 7에 있어서,
재액화시킬 증발가스의 양이 일정값 미만인 경우, 상기 제1 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 증발가스를 상기 제2 열교환기를 우회시켜 상기 제1 감압장치로 보내는, 증발가스 재액화 방법.In claim 7,
When the amount of boil-off gas to be re-liquefied is less than a certain value, the boil-off gas cooled by the first heat exchanger is sent to the first pressure reducing device by bypassing the second heat exchanger. 청구항 11에 있어서,
상기 재액화시킬 증발가스의 양이 일정값 미만인 경우는, 선박의 선속이 15.5 knots 초과인 경우인, 증발가스 재액화 방법.In claim 11,
When the amount of boil-off gas to be re-liquefied is less than a certain value, the method of re-liquefying boil-off gas is when the ship's speed is more than 15.5 knots. 청구항 2 내지 청구항 6 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 엔진의 요구 압력이 재액화에 필요한 압력을 만족시키지 못하는 경우, 상기 제1 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스를 상기 제3 압축기에 의해 추가로 압축시킨 후 상기 제1 열교환기로 보내는, 증발가스 재액화 방법.The method according to any one of claims 2 to 6,
If the required pressure of the engine does not satisfy the pressure required for re-liquefaction, the boil-off gas compressed by the first compressor is further compressed by the third compressor and then sent to the first heat exchanger. method. 청구항 13에 있어서,
상기 엔진의 요구 압력이 재액화에 필요한 압력을 만족시키지 못하는 경우는, 상기 엔진이 X-DF엔진이 경우인, 증발가스 재액화 방법.In claim 13,
If the required pressure of the engine does not satisfy the pressure required for reliquefaction, the evaporative gas reliquefaction method is a case where the engine is an X-DF engine. 청구항 13에 있어서,
재액화시킬 증발가스의 양이 일정값 이상인 경우, 상기 제1 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 증발가스를, 상기 냉매 사이클을 순환하는 유체를 냉매로 상기 제2 열교환기에 의해 추가로 냉각시키는, 증발가스 재액화 방법.In claim 13,
When the amount of boil-off gas to be re-liquefied is greater than a certain value, boil-off gas re-liquefaction is performed by further cooling the boil-off gas cooled by the first heat exchanger by the second heat exchanger using the fluid circulating in the refrigerant cycle as a refrigerant. method. 청구항 13에 있어서,
재액화시킬 증발가스의 양이 일정값 미만인 경우, 상기 제1 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 증발가스를 상기 제2 열교환기를 우회시켜 상기 제1 감압장치로 보내는, 증발가스 재액화 방법.In claim 13,
When the amount of boil-off gas to be re-liquefied is less than a certain value, the boil-off gas cooled by the first heat exchanger is sent to the first pressure reducing device by bypassing the second heat exchanger. 청구항 3에 있어서,
상기 제2 압축기, 상기 제2 열교환기, 상기 제2 감압장치, 및 상기 제4 압축기 중 하나 이상을 사용할 수 없는 경우,
상기 제2 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스를 상기 냉매 사이클로 공급하지 않고,
상기 제1 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 증발가스를, 상기 제2 열교환기를 우회하여 제1 감압장치로 보내는, 증발가스 재액화 방법.In claim 3,
When one or more of the second compressor, the second heat exchanger, the second pressure reducing device, and the fourth compressor cannot be used,
Without supplying the boil-off gas compressed by the second compressor to the refrigerant cycle,
A method of reliquefying boil-off gas, wherein the boil-off gas cooled by the first heat exchanger is sent to the first pressure reducing device by bypassing the second heat exchanger. 청구항 2 내지 청구항 6 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제3 압축기를 사용할 수 없는 경우에는, 상기 제1 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스를 상기 제3 압축기를 우회시켜 상기 제1 열교환기로 보내는, 증발가스 재액화 방법.The method according to any one of claims 2 to 6,
When the third compressor cannot be used, the boil-off gas compressed by the first compressor is bypassed by the third compressor and sent to the first heat exchanger. 엔진의 연료로 사용되고 남은 잉여 증발가스를, 증발가스 자체를 냉매로 열교환시켜 재액화시키는 방법에 있어서,
상기 엔진으로 공급하기 위해 압축된 증발가스를 추가적으로 압축시킬지 여부는, 상기 엔진의 요구 압력과 재액화시킬 증발가스의 양에 따라 결정하고,
증발가스 자체를 냉매로 열교환되어 냉각된 유체를, 냉매 사이클을 순환하는 증발가스를 냉매로 추가적으로 열교환시켜 냉각시킬지 여부는, 재액화시킬 증발가스의 양에 따라 결정하며,
저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스의 일부 또는 전부를 제1 압축기에 의해 압축시키고,
상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스의 일부 또는 전부를, 상기 제1 압축기와 병렬로 설치되는 제2 압축기에 의해 압축시키고,
상기 제1 압축기를 사용할 수 있는 경우에는,
상기 제1 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스를 상기 엔진의 연료로 사용하고,
상기 제2 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스는 폐루프의 냉매 사이클을 순환하고,
상기 제1 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스 중 상기 엔진의 연료로 공급되지 않은 잉여 증발가스는, 제3 압축기에 의해 추가로 압축되거나 제3 압축기를 우회하여 제1 열교환기로 보내지고,
상기 제3 압축기에 의해 추가로 압축되거나 상기 제3 압축기를 우회하여 상기 제1 열교환기로 보내진 증발가스는, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출되는 증발가스를 냉매로 열교환되어 냉각되고,
상기 제1 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 증발가스는, 상기 냉매 사이클을 순환하는 유체를 냉매로 제2 열교환기에 의해 추가로 냉각되거나 상기 제2 열교환기를 우회하여 제1 감압장치로 보내지고,
상기 제1 압축기를 사용할 수 없는 경우에는,
상기 제2 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스를 상기 엔진의 연료로 공급하고, 상기 제2 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스를 상기 냉매 사이클로 공급하지 않는, 증발가스 재액화 방법.A method of re-liquefying excess evaporative gas remaining after being used as engine fuel by heat-exchanging the evaporative gas itself with a refrigerant,
Whether to additionally compress the compressed boil-off gas to be supplied to the engine is determined depending on the required pressure of the engine and the amount of boil-off gas to be re-liquefied,
Whether to cool the fluid cooled by heat exchange of the boil-off gas itself with the refrigerant or by additional heat exchange of the boil-off gas circulating in the refrigerant cycle with the refrigerant is determined depending on the amount of boil-off gas to be re-liquefied.
Compressing part or all of the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank by the first compressor,
Part or all of the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank is compressed by a second compressor installed in parallel with the first compressor,
If the first compressor can be used,
Using the evaporative gas compressed by the first compressor as fuel for the engine,
The evaporation gas compressed by the second compressor circulates through a closed loop refrigerant cycle,
Among the evaporative gas compressed by the first compressor, the excess evaporative gas that is not supplied as fuel for the engine is further compressed by the third compressor or is sent to the first heat exchanger by bypassing the third compressor,
The boil-off gas that is additionally compressed by the third compressor or bypasses the third compressor and is sent to the first heat exchanger is cooled by heat exchanging the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank with a refrigerant,
The evaporation gas cooled by the first heat exchanger is further cooled by a second heat exchanger using the fluid circulating in the refrigerant cycle as a refrigerant, or is sent to the first pressure reducing device by bypassing the second heat exchanger,
If the first compressor cannot be used,
A method of reliquefying evaporative gas, wherein the evaporative gas compressed by the second compressor is supplied as fuel for the engine, and the evaporative gas compressed by the second compressor is not supplied to the refrigerant cycle. 청구항 19에 있어서,
상기 제1 압축기를 사용할 수 없는 경우,
상기 제2 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스 중 상기 엔진의 연료로 사용되지 않은 잉여 증발가스는, 상기 제3 압축기에 의해 추가로 압축되거나 제3 압축기를 우회하여 제1 열교환기로 보내지고,
상기 제3 압축기에 의해 추가로 압축되거나 상기 제3 압축기를 우회하여 상기 제1 열교환기로 보내진 증발가스는, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출되는 증발가스를 냉매로 열교환되어 냉각되고,
상기 제1 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 증발가스는, 상기 제2 열교환기를 우회하여 제1 감압장치로 보내지는, 증발가스 재액화 방법.In claim 19,
If the first compressor cannot be used,
Among the evaporative gas compressed by the second compressor, the excess evaporative gas that is not used as fuel for the engine is further compressed by the third compressor or is sent to the first heat exchanger by bypassing the third compressor,
The boil-off gas that is additionally compressed by the third compressor or bypasses the third compressor and is sent to the first heat exchanger is cooled by heat exchanging the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank with a refrigerant,
The boil-off gas cooled by the first heat exchanger is sent to the first pressure reducing device by bypassing the second heat exchanger.
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