KR102624105B1 - Method of broadcast gateway signaling for channel bonding, and apparatus for the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A broadcast gateway signaling method for channel bonding and a device therefor are disclosed. A broadcast gateway device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an input formatting unit that generates baseband packets corresponding to channel bonding; and two or more RF channels for the channel bonding of the baseband packets to generate an outer tunnel data stream generated in different ways according to the plurality of operation modes for the channel bonding. Includes a stream distributor that allocates to .

Description

Broadcast gateway signaling method for channel bonding and device therefor {METHOD OF BROADCAST GATEWAY SIGNALING FOR CHANNEL BONDING, AND APPARATUS FOR THE SAME}

The present invention relates to broadcast signal transmission technology, and to a broadcast signal transmitter that transmits a broadcast signal and a broadcast gateway device that provides broadcast data to the broadcast signal transmitter.

In terrestrial broadcasting, Single Frequency Network (SFN) is emerging as an alternative to traditional Multiple Frequency Network (MFN) modes. SFN allows multiple transmitters to transmit signals simultaneously through the same RF channel.

For a broadcast service, a plurality of transmitters receive broadcast data from a broadcast gateway device, use the broadcast data to generate a broadcast signal for the broadcast service, and transmit it to the transmitters.

Although various technologies have been developed in relation to broadcast signal transmission/reception, which involves transmitting/receiving broadcast signals from a transmitter to a receiver, it is true that the development of signal transmission/reception technology on the transmission system side has been relatively less active.

In particular, there is an urgent need for a new data transmission technology that can efficiently transmit broadcast data from a broadcast gateway device to a transmitter while ensuring reliability regardless of the status or type of the network used, and the broadcast gateway signaling technology required therefor.

The purpose of the present invention is to effectively generate broadcast transmission signals corresponding to each RF channel when channel bonding is performed using two or more RF channels.

Additionally, the purpose of the present invention is to efficiently provide a channel bonding service by appropriately dividing roles between a broadcast gateway and a transmitter.

Additionally, the purpose of the present invention is to optimize throughput of a broadcast gateway device even when SNR averaging channel bonding is applied.

Additionally, the purpose of the present invention is to optimize the broadcast gateway signaling field for channel bonding service.

A broadcasting gateway device according to the present invention for achieving the above object includes an input formatting unit that generates baseband packets corresponding to channel bonding; and two or more RF channels for the channel bonding of the baseband packets to generate an outer tunnel data stream generated in different ways according to the plurality of operation modes for the channel bonding. Includes a stream distributor that allocates to .

At this time, the plurality of operation modes include a first mode in which one outer tunnel data stream is generated for each of the two or more RF channels; and a second mode in which one outer tunnel data stream for the two or more RF channels is generated.

At this time, the outer tunnel data stream in the first mode includes one inner tunneled packet stream group for one of the two or more RF channels, and the outer tunnel data stream in the second mode includes one inner tunneled packet stream group for one of the two or more RF channels. The outer tunnel data stream may include two or more inner tunneled packet stream groups for each of the two or more RF channels.

At this time, the outer tunnel data stream is transmitted to the transmitter via a studio-to-transmitter link (STL) and corresponds to the outer layer of the tunneling system, and the inner tunneled packet A stream group may correspond to the inner layer of the tunneling system.

At this time, the two or more inner tunneled packet stream groups in the second mode may use different port groups.

At this time, the second mode can use two outer tunnel data streams for two non-collocated transmitters corresponding to SNR averaging channel bonding. At this time, each of the two outer tunnel data streams may include two inner tunneled packet stream groups using different ports.

At this time, the two or more RF channels are two RF channels, and the first port group corresponding to ports 30000 - 30066 is used for the inner tunneled packet stream group corresponding to the first channel of the two channels. For the inner tunneled packet stream group corresponding to the second channel of the two channels, the second port group corresponding to ports 30100 - 30166 can be used.

At this time, the outer tunnel data stream may include an RTP header including a channel number field (number_of_channels) indicating the number of channels corresponding to the outer tunnel data stream.

At this time, the channel number field is a 2-bit field and can be set to '0' for the first mode and '1' for the second mode.

In addition, the broadcast signal transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention is transmitted through a studio to transmitter link (STL) and provides an outer tunnel data stream corresponding to channel bonding. receiving STL receiver; a BICM unit that performs error correction encoding, interleaving, and modulation corresponding to one of two or more RF channels corresponding to the channel bonding; and a waveform generator that generates an RF transmission signal corresponding to one of the RF channels.

At this time, an outer tunnel data stream may be generated in different ways depending on a plurality of operation modes for channel bonding.

At this time, the plurality of operation modes include a first mode in which one outer tunnel data stream is generated for each of the two or more RF channels; and a second mode in which one outer tunnel data stream for the two or more RF channels is generated.

At this time, the outer tunnel data stream in the first mode includes one inner tunneled packet stream group for one of the two or more RF channels, and the outer tunnel data stream in the second mode includes one inner tunneled packet stream group for one of the two or more RF channels. The outer tunnel data stream may include two or more inner tunneled packet stream groups for each of the two or more RF channels.

At this time, the two or more inner tunneled packet stream groups in the second mode may use different port groups.

At this time, the outer tunnel data stream may include an RTP header including a channel number field (number_of_channels) indicating the number of channels corresponding to the outer tunnel data stream.

Additionally, a broadcast gateway signaling method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes generating baseband packets corresponding to channel bonding; and two or more RF channels for the channel bonding of the baseband packets to generate an outer tunnel data stream generated in different ways according to the plurality of operation modes for the channel bonding. It includes the step of allocating to .

At this time, the plurality of operation modes include a first mode in which one outer tunnel data stream is generated for each of the two or more RF channels; and a second mode in which one outer tunnel data stream for the two or more RF channels is generated.

At this time, the outer tunnel data stream in the first mode includes one inner tunneled packet stream group for one of the two or more RF channels, and the outer tunnel data stream in the second mode includes one inner tunneled packet stream group for one of the two or more RF channels. The outer tunnel data stream may include two or more inner tunneled packet stream groups for each of the two or more RF channels.

At this time, the two or more inner tunneled packet stream groups in the second mode may use different port groups.

At this time, the outer tunnel data stream may include an RTP header including a channel number field (number_of_channels) indicating the number of channels corresponding to the outer tunnel data stream.

According to the present invention, when channel bonding is performed using two or more RF channels, a broadcast transmission signal corresponding to each RF channel can be effectively generated.

Additionally, the present invention can efficiently provide a channel bonding service by appropriately dividing roles between the broadcast gateway and the transmitter.

Additionally, the present invention can optimize the throughput of a broadcast gateway device even when SNR averaging channel bonding is applied.

Additionally, the present invention can optimize the broadcast gateway signaling field for channel bonding service.

Figure 1 is a block diagram showing a broadcast signal transmission/reception system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is an operation flowchart showing a method for transmitting/receiving broadcast signals according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of the broadcast signal frame generating device shown in FIG. 1.
Figure 4 is a diagram showing an example of a broadcast signal frame structure.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a process in which the broadcast signal frame shown in FIG. 4 is received.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating another example of a process in which the broadcast signal frame shown in FIG. 4 is received.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing another example of the broadcast signal frame generating device shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an example of the signal demultiplexing device shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing an example of the core layer BICM decoder and the enhanced layer symbol extractor shown in FIG. 8.
FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing another example of the core layer BICM decoder and the enhanced layer symbol extractor shown in FIG. 8.
FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing another example of the core layer BICM decoder and the enhanced layer symbol extractor shown in FIG. 8.
FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing another example of the signal demultiplexing device shown in FIG. 1.
Figure 13 is a diagram showing the power increase due to the combination of the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal.
Figure 14 is an operation flowchart showing a method for generating a broadcast signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 15 is a diagram showing a superframe structure including a broadcast signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 16 is a diagram showing an example of an LDM using two layers and an LDM frame applying a multiple-physical layer pipe.
Figure 17 is a diagram showing another example of an LDM using two layers and an LDM frame applying a multiple-physical layer pipe.
Figure 18 is a diagram showing an example of the use of an LDM using two layers and an LDM frame applying a multiple-physical layer pipe.
Figure 19 is a diagram showing another use example of an LDM using two layers and an LDM frame applying a multiple-physical layer pipe.
Figure 20 is a block diagram showing a broadcast signal transmitter for channel bonding.
Figure 21 is a block diagram showing a broadcast signal receiver for channel bonding.
Figure 22 is a block diagram showing a broadcast signal transmitter including an input formatting block for inserting a BB header.
Figure 23 is a block diagram showing a broadcast signal receiver including a block for removing BB header.
Figure 24 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the cell switch.
FIG. 25 is a diagram mathematically showing the output of the cell exchanger shown in FIG. 24.
Figure 26 is a block diagram showing a broadcast signal transmitter using SNR averaging channel bonding and identical band allocation.
Figure 27 is a block diagram showing a broadcast signal receiver using SNR averaging channel bonding and identical band allocation.
Figure 28 is a block diagram showing a broadcast signal transmitter using plain channel bonding and different band allocation.
Figure 29 is a block diagram showing a mobile receiver using plain channel bonding and other band allocations.
Figure 30 is a block diagram showing a fixed receiver using plain channel bonding and different band allocation.
Figure 31 is a block diagram showing a broadcast signal transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 32 is a block diagram showing mobile broadcast signal receivers according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 33 is a block diagram showing a fixed broadcast signal receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 34 is a block diagram showing a broadcast signal transmitter according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 35 is a block diagram showing a mobile broadcast signal receiver according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 36 is a block diagram showing a fixed broadcast signal receiver according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 37 is an operation flowchart showing a broadcast signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 38 is a block diagram showing an example of a broadcast signal transmission device to which channel bonding is applied.
FIG. 39 is a block diagram showing a case where the input formatting unit shown in FIG. 38 generates baseband packets for two PLPs.
FIG. 40 is a block diagram showing a case where the input formatting unit shown in FIG. 38 performs channel bonding on two RF channels.
Figure 41 is an operation flowchart showing an example of a broadcast signal transmission method using channel bonding according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 42 is a block diagram showing a broadcast signal transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 43 is a block diagram showing an example of a broadcast signal transmission system to which plain channel bonding for a collocated transmitter is applied.
Figure 44 is a block diagram showing an example of a broadcast signal transmission system to which plain channel bonding for a non-colocated transmitter is applied.
Figure 45 is a block diagram showing another example of a broadcast signal transmission system to which SNR averaging channel bonding for a collocated transmitter is applied.
Figure 46 is a block diagram showing another example of a broadcast signal transmission system to which SNR averaging channel bonding for a non-collocated transmitter is applied.
Figure 47 is an operation flowchart showing a broadcast gateway signaling method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 48 is an operation flowchart showing a broadcast signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 49 is a diagram showing a computer system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings as follows. Here, repeated descriptions, known functions that may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, and detailed descriptions of configurations are omitted. Embodiments of the present invention are provided to more completely explain the present invention to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the shapes and sizes of elements in the drawings may be exaggerated for clearer explanation.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

Figure 1 is a block diagram showing a broadcast signal transmission/reception system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, a broadcast signal transmission/reception system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a broadcast signal transmission device 110, a wireless channel 120, and a broadcast signal reception device 130.

The broadcast signal transmission device 110 includes a broadcast signal frame generating device 111 and an OFDM transmitter 113 that generate a broadcast signal frame by multiplexing core layer data and enhanced layer data.

The broadcast signal frame generating device 111 combines the core layer signal corresponding to the core layer data and the enhanced layer signal corresponding to the enhanced layer data at different power levels, and generates the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal. Interleaving applied together is performed to generate a multiplexed signal. At this time, the broadcast signal frame generating device 111 may generate a broadcast signal frame including a bootstrap and preamble using a time-interleaved signal. At this time, the broadcast signal frame may be an ATSC 3.0 frame.

The OFDM transmitter 113 transmits the multiplexed signal through the antenna 117 using the OFDM communication method, and the transmitted OFDM signal is transmitted through the antenna 137 of the broadcast signal receiving device 130 through the wireless channel 120. Make sure it is received.

The broadcast signal reception device 130 includes an OFDM receiver 133 and a signal demultiplexing device 131. When a signal transmitted through the wireless channel 120 is received through the antenna 137, the OFDM receiver 133 receives the OFDM signal through synchronization, channel estimation, and equalization processes. do.

At this time, the OFDM receiver 133 detects and demodulates a bootstrap from the OFDM signal, demodulates the preamble using the information included in the bootstrap, and generates a super-imposed payload using the information included in the preamble. It can also be demodulated.

The signal demultiplexing device 131 first restores core layer data from the signal (superimposed payload) received through the OFDM receiver 133, and then performs cancellation corresponding to the restored core layer data. Restore enhanced layer data. At this time, the signal demultiplexing device 131 first generates a broadcast signal frame, restores the bootstrap from the broadcast signal frame, restores the preamble using the information included in the bootstrap, and then restores the signaling information data included in the preamble. It can be used for signal restoration. At this time, the signaling information may be L1 signaling information and may include injection level information, normalizing factor information, etc.

At this time, the preamble includes PLP identification information to identify physical layer pipes (PLPs); and layer identification information for identifying layers corresponding to hierarchical division.

At this time, PLP identification information and layer identification information may be included in the preamble as separate fields.

At this time, time interleaver information may be included in the preamble for each of the physical layer pipes without condition judgment of the conditional statement corresponding to the layer identification information.

At this time, the preamble may optionally include injection level information corresponding to the injection level controller according to a result of comparing the layer identification information with a preset value for each of the physical layer pipes.

At this time, the preamble may include type information, start position information, and size information of physical layer pipes.

At this time, the type information may be used to identify one of a first type corresponding to a non-dispersed physical layer pipe and a second type corresponding to a dispersed physical layer pipe.

At this time, a non-distributed physical layer pipe is allocated to contiguous data cell indices, and the distributed physical layer pipe may be composed of two or more subslices.

At this time, type information may be selectively signaled according to a result of comparing the layer identification information and a preset value for each of the physical layer pipes.

At this time, type information can be signaled only for the core layer.

At this time, the start position information may be set equal to the index corresponding to the first data cell of the physical layer pipe.

At this time, the start position information may indicate the start position of the physical layer pipe using a cell addressing scheme.

At this time, start position information may be included in the preamble for each of the physical layer pipes without determining the condition of the conditional statement corresponding to the layer identification information.

At this time, size information may be set based on the number of data cells allocated to the physical layer pipe.

At this time, size information may be included in the preamble for each of the physical layer pipes without condition judgment of the conditional statement corresponding to the layer identification information.

As will be described later, the broadcast signal frame generating device 111 shown in FIG. 1 includes a combiner that generates a multiplexed signal by combining the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal at different power levels; a power normalizer that lowers the power of the multiplexed signal to a power corresponding to the core layer signal; a time interleaver that generates a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving applied to the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal; and a broadcast signal including a preamble for signaling time interleaver information shared between the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal and size information of physical layer pipes (PLPs) using the time interleaved signal. Can include a frame builder that creates frames. At this time, the broadcast signal transmission device 110 shown in FIG. 1 includes a combiner that generates a multiplexed signal by combining the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal at different power levels; a power normalizer that lowers the power of the multiplexed signal to a power corresponding to the core layer signal; a time interleaver that generates a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving applied to the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal; A broadcast signal frame including a preamble for signaling time interleaver information shared between the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal and size information of physical layer pipes (PLPs) using the time interleaved signal. Frame builder to create; and an OFDM transmitter that transmits the broadcast signal frame through an antenna using an OFDM communication method.

As will be described later, the signal demultiplexing device shown in FIG. 1 includes a time deinterleaver that generates a time deinterleaving signal by applying time deinterleaving to a received signal corresponding to a broadcast signal frame; a de-normalizer that increases the power of the received signal or the time deinterleaving signal by a power reduction by a power normalizer of a transmitter; A core layer BICM decoder that restores core layer data from the signal power adjusted by the de-normalizer; Enhance for extracting an enhanced layer signal by performing cancellation corresponding to the core layer data for the signal power adjusted by the de-normalizer using the output signal of the core layer FEC decoder of the core layer BICM decoder. delayer symbol extractor; a de-injection level controller that increases the power of the enhanced layer signal by a decrease in power of the injection level controller of the transmitter; And it may include an enhanced layer BICM decoder that restores the enhanced layer data using the output signal of the de-injection level controller. At this time, the broadcast signal receiving device 130 shown in FIG. 1 includes an OFDM receiver that generates a received signal by performing one or more of synchronization, channel estimation, and equalization on a transmitted signal corresponding to a broadcast signal frame; a time deinterleaver that generates a time deinterleaving signal by applying time deinterleaving to the received signal; a de-normalizer that increases the power of the received signal or the time deinterleaving signal by a power reduction by a power normalizer of a transmitter; A core layer BICM decoder that restores core layer data from the signal power adjusted by the de-normalizer; Enhance for extracting an enhanced layer signal by performing cancellation corresponding to the core layer data for the signal power adjusted by the de-normalizer using the output signal of the core layer FEC decoder of the core layer BICM decoder. delayer symbol extractor; a de-injection level controller that increases the power of the enhanced layer signal by a decrease in power of the injection level controller of the transmitter; and an enhanced layer BICM decoder that restores enhanced layer data using the output signal of the de-injection level controller.

Although not explicitly shown in FIG. 1, the broadcast signal transmission/reception system according to an embodiment of the present invention is capable of multiplexing/demultiplexing one or more extension layer data in addition to core layer data and enhanced layer data. At this time, the expansion layer data may be multiplexed at a lower power level than the core layer data and the enhanced layer data. Furthermore, when two or more expansion layers are included, the injection power level of the second expansion layer is lower than the injection power level of the first expansion layer, and the injection power level of the third expansion layer is lower than the injection power level of the second expansion layer. You can.

Figure 2 is an operation flowchart showing a method for transmitting/receiving broadcast signals according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, the method for transmitting/receiving broadcast signals according to an embodiment of the present invention combines the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal at different power levels and multiplexes them to transmit and receive signals shared by the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal. A broadcast signal frame including a preamble for signaling time interleaver information and size information of physical layer pipes (PLPs) is generated (S210).

At this time, the broadcast signal frame generated in step S210 may include a bootstrap, preamble, and super-imposed payload. At this time, one or more of the bootstrap and preamble may include L1 signaling information. At this time, L1 signaling information may include injection level information and normalizing factor information.

At this time, the preamble includes PLP identification information to identify physical layer pipes (PLPs); and layer identification information for identifying layers corresponding to hierarchical division.

At this time, PLP identification information and layer identification information may be included in the preamble as separate fields.

At this time, time interleaver information may be included in the preamble for each of the physical layer pipes without condition judgment of the conditional statement corresponding to the layer identification information.

At this time, the preamble may optionally include injection level information corresponding to the injection level controller according to a result of comparing the layer identification information with a preset value for each of the physical layer pipes.

At this time, the preamble may include type information, start position information, and size information of physical layer pipes.

At this time, the type information may be used to identify one of a first type corresponding to a non-dispersed physical layer pipe and a second type corresponding to a dispersed physical layer pipe.

At this time, a non-distributed physical layer pipe is allocated to contiguous data cell indices, and the distributed physical layer pipe may be composed of two or more subslices.

At this time, type information may be selectively signaled according to a result of comparing the layer identification information and a preset value for each of the physical layer pipes.

At this time, type information can be signaled only for the core layer.

At this time, the start position information may be set equal to the index corresponding to the first data cell of the physical layer pipe.

At this time, the start position information may indicate the start position of the physical layer pipe using a cell addressing scheme.

At this time, start position information may be included in the preamble for each of the physical layer pipes without determining the condition of the conditional statement corresponding to the layer identification information.

At this time, size information may be set based on the number of data cells allocated to the physical layer pipe.

At this time, size information may be included in the preamble for each of the physical layer pipes without condition judgment of the conditional statement corresponding to the layer identification information.

Additionally, the method for transmitting/receiving broadcast signals according to an embodiment of the present invention transmits OFDM broadcast signal frames (S220).

Additionally, the broadcast signal transmission/reception method according to an embodiment of the present invention receives OFDM transmitted signals (S230).

At this time, step S230 may perform synchronization, channel estimation, and equalization processes.

At this time, in step S230, the bootstrap can be restored, the preamble can be restored using the signal included in the restored bootstrap, and the data signal can be restored using signaling information included in the preamble.

Additionally, the broadcast signal transmission/reception method according to an embodiment of the present invention restores core layer data from the received signal (S240).

Additionally, the broadcast signal transmission/reception method according to an embodiment of the present invention restores enhanced layer data through core layer signal cancellation (S250).

In particular, steps S240 and S250 shown in FIG. 2 may correspond to a demultiplexing operation corresponding to step S210.

As will be described later, the step (S210) shown in FIG. 2 includes generating a multiplexed signal by combining the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal at different power levels; lowering the power of the multiplexed signal to a power corresponding to the core layer signal; generating a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving applied to the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal; and a broadcast signal including a preamble for signaling time interleaver information shared with the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal and size information of physical layer pipes (PLPs) using the time interleaved signal. It may include the step of creating a frame. At this time, the broadcast signal transmission method of steps S210 and S220 includes generating a multiplexed signal by combining the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal at different power levels; lowering the power of the multiplexed signal to a power corresponding to the core layer signal; generating a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving applied to the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal; A broadcast signal frame including a preamble for signaling time interleaver information shared between the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal and size information of physical layer pipes (PLPs) using the time interleaved signal. generating a; and transmitting the broadcast signal frame through an antenna using an OFDM communication method.

As will be described later, steps S240 and S250 shown in FIG. 2 include generating a time deinterleaving signal by applying time deinterleaving to a received signal corresponding to a broadcast signal frame; increasing the power of the received signal or the time deinterleaving signal by a power reduction by a power normalizer of a transmitter; Restoring core layer data from the power adjusted signal; extracting an enhanced layer signal by performing cancellation corresponding to the core layer data for the power-adjusted signal; increasing the power of the enhanced layer signal by a decrease in the power of the injection level controller of the transmitter; And it may include restoring enhanced layer data using the power-adjusted enhanced layer signal. At this time, the method of receiving a broadcast signal according to an embodiment of the present invention includes generating a received signal by performing one or more of synchronization, channel estimation, and equalization on a transmitted signal corresponding to a broadcast signal frame; generating a time deinterleaving signal by applying time deinterleaving to the received signal; increasing the power of the received signal or the time deinterleaving signal by a power reduction by a power normalizer of a transmitter; Restoring core layer data from the power adjusted signal; extracting an enhanced layer signal by performing cancellation corresponding to the core layer data for the power-adjusted signal; increasing the power of the enhanced layer signal by a decrease in the power of the injection level controller of the transmitter; and restoring enhanced layer data using the power-adjusted enhanced layer signal.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of the broadcast signal frame generating device shown in FIG. 1.

*Referring to Figure 3, the broadcast signal frame generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a core layer BICM unit 310, an enhanced layer BICM unit 320, an injection level controller 330, a combiner 340, It may include a power normalizer 345, a time interleaver 350, a signaling generator 360, and a frame builder 370.

Generally, a BICM (Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation) device consists of an error correction encoder, a bit interleaver, and a symbol mapper, and the core layer BICM unit 310 and the enhanced layer BICM unit 320 shown in FIG. 3 also have error correction, respectively. It may include a correction encoder, bit interleaver, and symbol mapper. In particular, the error correction encoder (CORE LAYER FEC ENCODER, ENHANCED LAYER FEC ENCODER) shown in FIG. 3 may be a series combination of a BCH encoder and an LDPC encoder, respectively. At this time, the input of the error correction encoder is input to the BCH encoder, the output of the BCH encoder is input to the LDPC encoder, and the output of the LDPC encoder can be the output of the error correction encoder.

As shown in FIG. 3, core layer data and enhanced layer data pass through different BICM units and then are combined through the combiner 340. That is, in the present invention, layered division multiplexing (LDM) may mean combining multiple layers into one using power differences and transmitting them.

That is, the core layer data passes through the core layer BICM unit 310, and the enhanced layer data passes through the enhanced layer BICM unit 320, passes through the injection level controller 330, and is combined in the combiner 340. At this time, the enhanced layer BICM unit 320 may perform BICM encoding different from the core layer BICM unit 310. That is, the enhanced layer BICM unit 320 can perform error correction coding or symbol mapping corresponding to a higher bit rate than the core layer BICM unit 310. Additionally, the enhanced layer BICM unit 320 can perform error correction coding or symbol mapping that is less robust than the core layer BICM unit 310.

For example, the core layer error correction encoder may have a lower bit rate than the enhanced layer error correction encoder. At this time, the enhanced layer symbol mapper may be less robust than the core layer symbol mapper.

The combiner 340 can be viewed as combining the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal at different power levels. Depending on the embodiment, power level adjustment may be performed on the core layer signal rather than the enhanced layer signal. At this time, the power of the core layer signal can be adjusted to be greater than the power of the enhanced layer signal.

Core layer data uses a low code rate FEC (forward error correction) code for robust reception, while enhanced layer data uses a high code rate FEC code for high data transmission rates. You can.

That is, core layer data can have a wider broadcast area (coverage) in the same reception environment compared to enhanced layer data.

The gain (or power) of the enhanced layer data that has passed through the enhanced layer BICM unit 320 is adjusted through the injection level controller 330 and combined with the core layer data by the combiner 340.

That is, the injection level controller 330 reduces the power of the enhanced layer signal and generates a power reduced enhanced layer signal. At this time, the size of the signal adjusted by the injection level controller 330 may be determined according to the injection level. At this time, the injection level when inserting signal B into signal A can be defined as Equation 1 below.

[Equation 1]

For example, assuming that the injection level is 3dB when inserting an enhanced layer signal into a core layer signal, this means that the enhanced layer signal has a power level equivalent to half of the core layer signal.

At this time, the injection level controller 330 can adjust the power level of the enhanced layer signal from 0dB to 25.0dB in 0.5dB or 1dB intervals.

In general, the transmission power allocated to the core layer is allocated larger than the transmission power allocated to the enhanced layer, and this allows the receiver to preferentially decode the core layer.

At this time, the combiner 340 can be viewed as generating a multiplexed signal by combining the core layer signal and the power reduced enhanced layer signal.

The signal combined by the combiner 340 is provided to the power normalizer 345 to lower the power by the power increase caused by the combination of the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal to perform power adjustment. That is, the power normalizer 345 lowers the power of the signal multiplexed by the combiner 340 to a power level corresponding to the core layer signal. Since the level of the combined signal is higher than the level of the single layer signal, power normalization of the power normalizer 345 is necessary to prevent amplitude clipping in the remaining part of the broadcast signal transmission/reception system.

At this time, the power normalizer 345 can adjust the size of the signal to an appropriate level by multiplying the size of the combined signal by the normalizing factor of Equation 2 below. Injection level information for calculating Equation 2 below may be transmitted to the power normalizer 345 through a signaling flow.

[Equation 2]

Assuming that the power levels of the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal are normalized to 1 when the enhanced layer signal S _E is injected by the injection level preset in the core layer signal S _C , the combined signal is It can be expressed as follows.

At this time, α represents a scaling factor corresponding to various injection levels. That is, the injection level controller 330 may correspond to a scaling factor.

For example, if the injection level of the enhanced layer is 3 dB, the combined signal is It can be expressed as follows.

Since the power of the combined signal (multiplexed signal) has increased compared to the core layer signal, the power normalizer 345 must mitigate this power increase.

The output of the power normalizer (345) is It can be expressed as follows.

At this time, β represents the normalizing factor according to various injection levels of the enhanced layer.

When the injection level of the enhanced layer is 3dB, the power increase of the combined signal compared to the core layer signal is 50%. Therefore, the output of the power normalizer 345 is It can be expressed as follows.

Table 1 below shows the scaling factor α and normalizing factor β according to various injection levels (CL: Core Layer, EL: Enhanced Layer). The relationship between the injection level and scaling factor α and normalizing factor β can be defined as follows.

[Equation 3]

EL Injection level relative to CL Scaling factor Normalizing factor 3.0 dB 0.7079458 0.8161736 3.5 dB 0.6683439 0.8314061 4.0 dB 0.6309573 0.8457262 4.5 dB 0.5956621 0.8591327 5.0 dB 0.5623413 0.8716346 5.5 dB 0.5308844 0.8832495 6.0 dB 0.5011872 0.8940022 6.5 dB 0.4731513 0.9039241 7.0 dB 0.4466836 0.9130512 7.5 dB 0.4216965 0.9214231 8.0 dB 0.3981072 0.9290819 8.5 dB 0.3758374 0.9360712 9.0 dB 0.3548134 0.9424353 9.5 dB 0.3349654 0.9482180 10.0 dB 0.3162278 0.9534626

In other words, the power normalizer 345 corresponds to the normalizing factor and can be seen as lowering the power of the multiplexed signal by the amount raised by the combiner 340. At this time, the normalizing factor and scaling factor are respectively It can be a rational number greater than 0 and less than 1.

At this time, the scaling factor may decrease as the power reduction corresponding to the injection level controller 330 increases, and the normalizing factor may increase as the power reduction corresponding to the injection level controller 330 increases.

The power normalized signal passes through a time interleaver 350 to disperse burst errors occurring in the channel.

At this time, the time interleaver 350 can be viewed as performing interleaving applied to both the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal. In other words, by sharing the time interleaver between the core layer and the enhanced layer, unnecessary memory use can be prevented and latency in the receiver can be reduced.

As will be described later, the enhanced layer signal may correspond to enhanced layer data restored based on cancellation corresponding to restoration of core layer data corresponding to the core layer signal, and the combiner 340 is configured to One or more extension layer signals of a lower power level than the signal and the enhanced layer signal may be combined with the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal.

Meanwhile, L1 signaling information including injection level information is encoded in the signaling generator 360 including a BICM dedicated to signaling. At this time, the signaling generator 360 may receive injection level information (IL INFO) from the injection level controller 330 and generate the L1 signaling signal.

In L1 signaling, L1 represents Layer-1, the lowest layer of the ISO 7 layer model. At this time, L1 signaling may be included in the preamble.

In general, L1 signaling may include FFT size, guard interval size, etc., which are major parameters of the OFDM transmitter, and channel code rate and modulation information, which are major BICM parameters. This L1 signaling signal is combined with a data signal to form a broadcast signal frame.

The frame builder 370 generates a broadcast signal frame by combining the L1 signaling signal and the data signal. At this time, the frame builder 370 uses the time interleaved signal to signal time interleaver information and size information of physical layer pipes (PLPs) shared with the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal. A broadcast signal frame including a preamble can be generated. At this time, the broadcast signal frame may further include a bootstrap.

At this time, the frame builder 370 includes a bootstrap generator that generates the bootstrap;

a preamble generator that generates the preamble; and a super imposed payload generator that generates a super imposed payload corresponding to the time interleaved signal.

At this time, the bootstrap is shorter than the preamble and may have a fixed length.

*At this time, the bootstrap includes a symbol representing the structure of the preamble,

The symbol may correspond to a fixed-length bit string indicating a combination of the modulation method/code rate, FFT size, guard interval length, and pilot pattern of the preamble.

At this time, when the modulation method/code rate is the same, the preamble structure corresponding to the second FFT size smaller than the first FFT size is preferentially allocated to the symbol rather than the preamble structure corresponding to the first FFT size, and the modulation When the method/code rate and the FFT size are the same, the preamble structure corresponding to the second guard interval length greater than the first guard interval length is preferentially assigned to the lookup table rather than the preamble structure corresponding to the first guard interval length. It may be equivalent.

Broadcast signal frames are transmitted through an OFDM transmitter that is robust to multi-path and Doppler. At this time, the OFDM transmitter can be seen as responsible for generating transmission signals for the next-generation broadcasting system.

At this time, the preamble includes PLP identification information to identify physical layer pipes (PLPs); and layer identification information for identifying layers corresponding to hierarchical division.

At this time, PLP identification information and layer identification information may be included in the preamble as separate fields.

At this time, time interleaver information may be included in the preamble for each of the physical layer pipes without condition judgment of the conditional statement corresponding to the layer identification information (j).

At this time, the preamble may optionally include injection level information corresponding to the injection level controller according to the result of comparing the layer identification information with a preset value for each of the physical layer pipes (IF(j>0)). You can.

At this time, the preamble may include type information, start position information, and size information of physical layer pipes.

At this time, the type information may be used to identify one of a first type corresponding to a non-dispersed physical layer pipe and a second type corresponding to a dispersed physical layer pipe.

At this time, a non-distributed physical layer pipe is allocated to contiguous data cell indices, and the distributed physical layer pipe may be composed of two or more subslices.

At this time, type information may be selectively signaled according to a result of comparing the layer identification information with a preset value for each of the physical layer pipes.

At this time, type information can be signaled only for the core layer.

At this time, the start position information may be set equal to the index corresponding to the first data cell of the physical layer pipe.

At this time, the start position information may indicate the start position of the physical layer pipe using a cell addressing scheme.

At this time, start position information may be included in the preamble for each of the physical layer pipes without determining the condition of the conditional statement corresponding to the layer identification information.

At this time, size information may be set based on the number of data cells allocated to the physical layer pipe.

At this time, size information may be included in the preamble for each of the physical layer pipes without condition judgment of the conditional statement corresponding to the layer identification information.

Figure 4 is a diagram showing an example of a broadcast signal frame structure.

Referring to FIG. 4, the broadcast signal frame includes a bootstrap 410, a preamble 420, and a super-imposed payload 430.

The frame shown in FIG. 4 may be included in a super-frame.

At this time, the broadcast signal frame may be composed of one or more OFDM symbols. A broadcast signal frame may include a reference symbol or a pilot symbol.

The frame structure to which Layered Division Multiplexing (LDM) is applied includes a bootstrap 410, a preamble 420, and a super-imposed payload 430, as shown in FIG. 4.

At this time, the bootstrap 410 and the preamble 420 can be viewed as two hierarchical preambles.

At this time, the bootstrap 410 may have a shorter length than the preamble 420 for fast acquisition and detection. At this time, the bootstrap 410 may have a fixed length. At this time, the bootstrap 410 may include symbols of a fixed length. For example, the bootstrap 410 may be composed of four OFDM symbols each of 0.5 ms in length and have a fixed time length of 2 ms in total.

At this time, the bootstrap 410 has a fixed bandwidth, and the preamble 420 and super-imposed payload 430 may have a wider and more variable bandwidth than the bootstrap 410.

The preamble 420 can transmit detailed signaling information using a robust LDPC code. At this time, the length of the preamble 420 may vary depending on signaling information.

At this time, both the bootstrap 410 and the payload 430 can be viewed as corresponding to a common signal shared by multiple layers.

The super-imposed payload 430 may correspond to a signal in which two or more layer signals are multiplexed. At this time, the super-imposed payload 430 may be a combination of a core layer payload and an enhanced layer payload at different power levels. At this time, the core layer payload may include an in-band signaling section. At this time, the in-band signaling unit may include signaling information for the enhanced layer service.

At this time, the bootstrap 410 may include a symbol representing the preamble structure.

At this time, the symbols included in the bootstrap to indicate the structure of the preamble can be set as shown in Table 2 below.

preamble_structure L1-Basic Mode FFT Size GI Length (samples) Pilot Pattern (D _X ) 0 L1-Basic Mode 1 8192 2048 3 One L1-Basic Mode 1 8192 1536 4 2 L1-Basic Mode 1 8192 1024 3 3 L1-Basic Mode 1 8192 768 4 4 L1-Basic Mode 1 16384 4096 3 5 L1-Basic Mode 1 16384 3648 4 6 L1-Basic Mode 1 16384 2432 3 7 L1-Basic Mode 1 16384 1536 4 8 L1-Basic Mode 1 16384 1024 6 9 L1-Basic Mode 1 16384 768 8 10 L1-Basic Mode 1 32768 4864 3 11 L1-Basic Mode 1 32768 3648 3 12 L1-Basic Mode 1 32768 3648 8 13 L1-Basic Mode 1 32768 2432 6 14 L1-Basic Mode 1 32768 1536 8 15 L1-Basic Mode 1 32768 1024 12 16 L1-Basic Mode 1 32768 768 16 17 L1-Basic Mode 2 8192 2048 3 18 L1-Basic Mode 2 8192 1536 4 19 L1-Basic Mode 2 8192 1024 3 20 L1-Basic Mode 2 8192 768 4 21 L1-Basic Mode 2 16384 4096 3 22 L1-Basic Mode 2 16384 3648 4 23 L1-Basic Mode 2 16384 2432 3 24 L1-Basic Mode 2 16384 1536 4 25 L1-Basic Mode 2 16384 1024 6 26 L1-Basic Mode 2 16384 768 8 27 L1-Basic Mode 2 32768 4864 3 28 L1-Basic Mode 2 32768 3648 3 29 L1-Basic Mode 2 32768 3648 8 30 L1-Basic Mode 2 32768 2432 6 31 L1-Basic Mode 2 32768 1536 8 32 L1-Basic Mode 2 32768 1024 12 33 L1-Basic Mode 2 32768 768 16 34 L1-Basic Mode 3 8192 2048 3 35 L1-Basic Mode 3 8192 1536 4 36 L1-Basic Mode 3 8192 1024 3 37 L1-Basic Mode 3 8192 768 4 38 L1-Basic Mode 3 16384 4096 3 39 L1-Basic Mode 3 16384 3648 4 40 L1-Basic Mode 3 16384 2432 3 41 L1-Basic Mode 3 16384 1536 4 42 L1-Basic Mode 3 16384 1024 6 43 L1-Basic Mode 3 16384 768 8 44 L1-Basic Mode 3 32768 4864 3 45 L1-Basic Mode 3 32768 3648 3 46 L1-Basic Mode 3 32768 3648 8 47 L1-Basic Mode 3 32768 2432 6 48 L1-Basic Mode 3 32768 1536 8 49 L1-Basic Mode 3 32768 1024 12 50 L1-Basic Mode 3 32768 768 16 51 L1-Basic Mode 4 8192 2048 3 52 L1-Basic Mode 4 8192 1536 4 53 L1-Basic Mode 4 8192 1024 3 54 L1-Basic Mode 4 8192 768 4 55 L1-Basic Mode 4 16384 4096 3 56 L1-Basic Mode 4 16384 3648 4 57 L1-Basic Mode 4 16384 2432 3 58 L1-Basic Mode 4 16384 1536 4 59 L1-Basic Mode 4 16384 1024 6 60 L1-Basic Mode 4 16384 768 8 61 L1-Basic Mode 4 32768 4864 3 62 L1-Basic Mode 4 32768 3648 3 63 L1-Basic Mode 4 32768 3648 8 64 L1-Basic Mode 4 32768 2432 6 65 L1-Basic Mode 4 32768 1536 8 66 L1-Basic Mode 4 32768 1024 12 67 L1-Basic Mode 4 32768 768 16 68 L1-Basic Mode 5 8192 2048 3 69 L1-Basic Mode 5 8192 1536 4 70 L1-Basic Mode 5 8192 1024 3 71 L1-Basic Mode 5 8192 768 4 72 L1-Basic Mode 5 16384 4096 3 73 L1-Basic Mode 5 16384 3648 4 74 L1-Basic Mode 5 16384 2432 3 75 L1-Basic Mode 5 16384 1536 4 76 L1-Basic Mode 5 16384 1024 6 77 L1-Basic Mode 5 16384 768 8 78 L1-Basic Mode 5 32768 4864 3 79 L1-Basic Mode 5 32768 3648 3 80 L1-Basic Mode 5 32768 3648 8 81 L1-Basic Mode 5 32768 2432 6 82 L1-Basic Mode 5 32768 1536 8 83 L1-Basic Mode 5 32768 1024 12 84 L1-Basic Mode 5 32768 768 16 85 L1-Basic Mode 6 8192 2048 3 86 L1-Basic Mode 6 8192 1536 4 87 L1-Basic Mode 6 8192 1024 3 88 L1-Basic Mode 6 8192 768 4 89 L1-Basic Mode 6 16384 4096 3 90 L1-Basic Mode 6 16384 3648 4 91 L1-Basic Mode 6 16384 2432 3 92 L1-Basic Mode 6 16384 1536 4 93 L1-Basic Mode 6 16384 1024 6 94 L1-Basic Mode 6 16384 768 8 95 L1-Basic Mode 6 32768 4864 3 96 L1-Basic Mode 6 32768 3648 3 97 L1-Basic Mode 6 32768 3648 8 98 L1-Basic Mode 6 32768 2432 6 99 L1-Basic Mode 6 32768 1536 8 100 L1-Basic Mode 6 32768 1024 12 101 L1-Basic Mode 6 32768 768 16 102 L1-Basic Mode 7 8192 2048 3 103 L1-Basic Mode 7 8192 1536 4 104 L1-Basic Mode 7 8192 1024 3 105 L1-Basic Mode 7 8192 768 4 106 L1-Basic Mode 7 16384 4096 3 107 L1-Basic Mode 7 16384 3648 4 108 L1-Basic Mode 7 16384 2432 3 109 L1-Basic Mode 7 16384 1536 4 110 L1-Basic Mode 7 16384 1024 6 111 L1-Basic Mode 7 16384 768 8 112 L1-Basic Mode 7 32768 4864 3 113 L1-Basic Mode 7 32768 3648 3 114 L1-Basic Mode 7 32768 3648 8 115 L1-Basic Mode 7 32768 2432 6 116 L1-Basic Mode 7 32768 1536 8 117 L1-Basic Mode 7 32768 1024 12 118 L1-Basic Mode 7 32768 768 16 119 Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved 120 Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved 121 Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved 122 Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved 123 Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved 124 Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved 125 Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved 126 Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved 127 Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved

For example, to represent the preamble structure shown in Table 2 above, a fixed symbol of 7 bits may be allocated. L1-Basic Mode 1, L1-Basic Mode 2, and L1-Basic Mode 3 shown in Table 2 above. may correspond to QPSK and 3/15 LDPC.

L1-Basic Mode 4 listed in Table 2 may correspond to 16-NUC (Non Uniform Constellation) and 3/15 LDPC.

L1-Basic Mode 5 listed in Table 2 may correspond to 64-NUC (Non Uniform Constellation) and 3/15 LDPC.

L1-Basic Mode 6 and L1-Basic Mode 7 listed in Table 2 may correspond to 256-NUC (Non Uniform Constellation) and 3/15 LDPC. The modulation method/code rate described below represents a combination of modulation method and code rate, such as QPSK and 3/15 LDPC.

The FFT size listed in Table 2 may represent the Fast Fourier Transform size.

The GI length listed in Table 2 represents the guard interval length, and may represent the length of the guard interval rather than data in the time domain. At this time, the longer the guard interval length, the more robust the system becomes.

The Pilot Pattern listed in Table 2 may represent the Dx of the pilot pattern. Although not explicitly stated in Table 2, Dy may all be 1 in the examples listed in Table 2. For example, Dx = 3 may mean that one of three pilots for channel estimation is included in the x-axis direction. For example, Dy = 1 may mean that a pilot is included every time in the y-axis direction.

As can be seen from the example in Table 2, the preamble structure corresponding to the second modulation method/code rate, which is more robust than the first modulation method/code rate, is looked up preferentially than the preamble structure corresponding to the first modulation method/code rate. Can be assigned to a table.

At this time, preferential allocation may mean that the index is stored corresponding to a smaller number of indexes in the lookup table.

Additionally, in the case of the same modulation method/code rate, a preamble structure corresponding to a second FFT size smaller than the first FFT size may be allocated to the lookup table with priority over a preamble structure corresponding to the first FFT size.

Additionally, in the case of the same modulation method/code rate and FFT size, a preamble structure corresponding to a second guard interval that is larger than the first guard interval may be allocated to the lookup table with priority over a preamble structure corresponding to the first guard interval.

As shown in Table 2, preamble structure identification using bootstrap can be performed more efficiently by setting the order in which the preamble structure is allocated to the lookup table.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a process in which the broadcast signal frame shown in FIG. 4 is received.

Referring to FIG. 5, the bootstrap 510 is detected and demodulated, and the preamble 520 is demodulated using the demodulated information to restore signaling information.

The core layer data 530 is demodulated using signaling information, and the enhanced layer signal is demodulated through a cancellation process corresponding to the core layer data. At this time, cancellation corresponding to core layer data will be described in more detail later.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating another example of a process in which the broadcast signal frame shown in FIG. 4 is received.

Referring to FIG. 6, the bootstrap 610 is detected and demodulated, and the preamble 620 is demodulated using the demodulated information to restore signaling information.

Core layer data 630 is demodulated using signaling information. At this time, the core layer data 630 includes an in-band signaling unit 650. The in-band signaling unit 650 includes signaling information for the enhanced layer service. Through the in-band signaling unit 650, more efficient bandwidth utilization is possible. At this time, the in-band signaling unit 650 is preferably included in a core layer that is stronger than the enhanced layer.

In the example shown in FIG. 6, basic signaling information and information for the core layer service are transmitted through the preamble 620, and signaling information for the enhanced layer service is transmitted through the in-band signaling unit 650. You can.

The enhanced layer signal is demodulated through a cancellation process corresponding to the core layer data.

At this time, the signaling information may be L1 (Layer-1) signaling information. L1 signaling information may include information necessary to configure physical layer parameters.

Referring to FIG. 4, a broadcast signal frame includes an L1 signaling signal and a data signal. For example, the broadcast signal frame may be an ATSC 3.0 frame.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing another example of the broadcast signal frame generating device shown in FIG. 1.

Referring to FIG. 7, it can be seen that the broadcast signal frame generating device multiplexes data corresponding to N extension layers (N is a natural number of 1 or more) in addition to core layer data and enhanced layer data. .

That is, the broadcast signal frame generating device shown in FIG. 7 includes a core layer BICM unit 310, an enhanced layer BICM unit 320, an injection level controller 330, a combiner 340, a power normalizer 345, and a timer. In addition to the interleaver 350, signaling generation unit 360, and frame builder 370, it includes N expansion layer BICM units (410, ..., 430) and injection level controllers (440, ..., 460). .

The core layer BICM unit 310, enhanced layer BICM unit 320, injection level controller 330, combiner 340, power normalizer 345, time interleaver 350, and signaling generator shown in FIG. 360 and the frame builder 370 have already been described in detail with reference to FIG. 3 .

The N expansion layer BICM units 410, ..., 430 each independently perform BICM encoding, and the injection level controllers 440, ..., 460 perform power reduction corresponding to each expansion layer. By performing this, the power-reduced expansion layer signal is combined with other layer signals through the combiner 340.

At this time, the error correction encoder of each of the expansion layer BICM units 410, ..., 430 may be a BCH encoder and an LDPC encoder connected in series.

In particular, it is preferable that the power reduction corresponding to each of the injection level controllers 440, ..., 460 is greater than the power reduction of the injection level controller 330. That is, the injection level controllers 330, 440, ..., 460 shown in FIG. 7 may correspond to a large power reduction as they move downward.

The injection level information provided from the injection level controllers 330, 440, and 460 shown in FIG. 7 is included in the broadcast signal frame of the frame builder 370 and transmitted to the receiver through the signaling generator 360. That is, the injection level of each layer is contained in L1 signaling information and delivered to the receiver.

In the present invention, power adjustment may mean increasing or decreasing the power of the input signal, or increasing or decreasing the gain of the input signal.

The power normalizer 345 mitigates the power increase caused by combining multiple layer signals by the combiner 340.

* In the example shown in FIG. 7, the power normalizer 345 can adjust the signal power to an appropriate signal size by multiplying the normalizing factor by the size of the signal combining the signals of each layer using Equation 4 below. there is.

[Equation 4]

Normalizing Factor =

The time interleaver 350 performs interleaving on the signals combined by the combiner 340, thereby performing interleaving applied to the signals of the layers.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an example of the signal demultiplexing device shown in FIG. 1.

Referring to FIG. 8, the signal demultiplexing device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a time deinterleaver 510, a de-normalizer 1010, a core layer BICM decoder 520, and an enhanced layer symbol extractor 530. , including a de-injection level controller 1020 and an enhanced layer BICM decoder 540.

At this time, the signal demultiplexing device shown in FIG. 8 may correspond to the broadcast signal frame generating device shown in FIG. 3.

The time deinterleaver 510 receives a received signal from an OFDM receiver that performs operations such as time/frequency synchronization, channel estimation, and equalization, and detects burst errors occurring in the channel. Perform operations related to distribution. At this time, the L1 signaling information can be preferentially decoded by the OFDM receiver and used for data decoding. In particular, injection level information among L1 signaling information may be transmitted to the de-normalizer 1010 and the de-injection level controller 1020. At this time, the OFDM receiver may decode the received signal into a broadcast signal frame (eg, ATSC 3.0 frame), extract the data symbol portion of the frame, and provide it to the time deinterleaver 510. That is, the time deinterleaver 510 performs a deinterleaving process while passing data symbols to disperse clustering errors occurring in the channel.

The de-normalizer 1010 corresponds to the power normalizer of the transmitter and increases the power by the amount decreased in the power normalizer. That is, the de-normalizer 1010 divides the received signal by the normalizing factor of Equation 2 above.

In the example shown in FIG. 8, the de-normalizer 1010 is shown to adjust the power of the output signal of the time interleaver 510, but depending on the embodiment, the de-normalizer 1010 may be adjusted by the time interleaver 510. It may be located in front of so that power adjustment is performed before interleaving.

In other words, the de-normalizer 1010 can be viewed as being located before or after the time interleaver 510 and amplifying the size of the signal for LLR calculation of the core layer symbol demapper.

The output of the time deinterleaver 510 (or the output of the de-normalizer 1010) is provided to the core layer BICM decoder 520, and the core layer BICM decoder 520 restores the core layer data.

At this time, the core layer BICM decoder 520 includes a core layer symbol demapper, a core layer bit deinterleaver, and a core layer error correction decoder. The core layer symbol demapper calculates LLR (Log-Likelihood Ratio) values related to symbols, the core layer bit deinterleaver strongly mixes the calculated LLR values with clustering errors, and the core layer error correction decoder corrects errors occurring in the channel. Correct.

At this time, the core layer symbol demapper can calculate the LLR value for each bit using a predetermined constellation. At this time, the constellation used by the core layer symbol mapper may differ depending on the combination of code rate and modulation order used in the transmitter.

At this time, the core layer bit deinterleaver may perform deinterleaving on the calculated LLR values in units of LDPC codewords.

In particular, the core layer error correction decoder may output only information bits, or may output all bits combined with information bits and parity bits. At this time, the core layer error correction decoder may output only the information bits as core layer data, and output all bits in which the information bits and parity bits are combined to the enhanced layer symbol extractor 530.

The core layer error correction decoder may be a core layer LDPC decoder and a core layer BCH decoder connected in series. That is, the input of the core layer error correction decoder is input to the core layer LDPC decoder, the output of the core layer LDPC decoder is input to the core layer BCH decoder, and the output of the core layer BCH decoder is input to the core layer error correction decoder. It can be output. At this time, the LDPC decoder performs LDPC decoding, and the BCH decoder performs BCH decoding.

Furthermore, the enhanced layer error correction decoder may also have an enhanced layer LDPC decoder and an enhanced layer BCH decoder connected in series. That is, the input of the enhanced layer error correction decoder is input to the enhanced layer LDPC decoder, the output of the enhanced layer LDPC decoder is input to the enhanced layer BCH decoder, and the output of the enhanced layer BCH decoder is input to the enhanced layer BCH decoder. It can be the output of a layer error correction decoder.

The enhanced layer symbol extractor 530 receives all bits from the core layer error correction decoder of the core layer BICM decoder 520 and extracts the enhanced layer from the output signal of the time deinterleaver 510 or de-normalizer 1010. Symbols can be extracted. Depending on the embodiment, the enhanced layer symbol extractor 530 does not receive all bits from the error correction decoder of the core layer BICM decoder 520, but receives information bits of LDPC or BCH information bits. It can be provided.

At this time, the enhanced layer symbol extractor 530 includes a buffer, a subtracter, a core layer symbol mapper, and a core layer bit interleaver. The buffer stores the output signal of the time deinterleaver 510 or de-normalizer 1010. The core layer bit interleaver receives all bits (information bits + parity bits) from the core layer BICM decoder and performs the same core layer bit interleaving as the transmitter. The core layer symbol mapper generates the same core layer symbol as the transmitter from the interleaved signal. The subtractor subtracts the output signal of the core layer symbol mapper from the signal stored in the buffer to obtain an enhanced layer symbol and transmits it to the de-injection level controller 1020. In particular, when receiving LDPC information bits, the enhanced layer symbol extractor 530 may further include a core layer LDPC encoder. Additionally, when receiving BCH information bits, the enhanced layer symbol extractor 530 may further include a core layer BCH encoder as well as a core layer LDPC encoder.

At this time, the core layer LDPC encoder, core layer BCH encoder, core layer bit interleaver, and core layer symbol mapper included in the enhanced layer symbol extractor 530 are the core layer LDPC encoder, BCH encoder, and bit interleaver described through FIG. 3. and may be the same as the symbol mapper.

The de-injection level controller 1020 receives the enhanced layer symbol and increases the power by the power dropped by the injection level controller of the transmitter. That is, the de-injection level controller 1020 amplifies the input signal and provides it to the enhanced layer BICM decoder 540. For example, if the transmitter combines the power of the enhanced layer signal to be 3 dB lower than the power of the core layer signal, the de-injection level controller 1020 serves to increase the power of the input signal by 3 dB.

At this time, the de-injection level controller 1020 can be viewed as receiving injection level information from the OFDM receiver and multiplying the extracted enhanced layer signal by the enhanced layer gain of Equation 5 below.

[Equation 5]

Enhanced Layer Gain =

The enhanced layer BICM decoder 540 receives the enhanced layer symbol whose power has been increased by the de-injection level controller 1020 and restores the enhanced layer data.

At this time, the enhanced layer BICM decoder 540 may include an enhanced layer symbol demapper, an enhanced layer bit deinterleaver, and an enhanced layer error correction decoder. The enhanced layer symbol demapper calculates LLR (Log-Likelihood Ratio) values related to the enhanced layer symbols, the enhanced layer bit deinterleaver strongly mixes the calculated LLR values with clustering errors, and enhanced layer error correction decoding Corrects errors occurring in the running channel.

The enhanced layer BICM decoder 540 performs similar tasks to the core layer BICM decoder 520, but the enhanced layer LDPC decoder generally performs LDPC decoding for a code rate of 6/15 or higher.

For example, the core layer can use an LDPC code with a code rate of 5/15 or less, and the enhanced layer can use an LDPC code with a code rate of 6/15 or more. At this time, in a reception environment where decoding of enhanced layer data is possible, core layer data can be decoded with only a small number of LDPC decoding iterations. Using this property, the receiver hardware can share one LDPC decoder between the core layer and the enhanced layer, thereby reducing the cost incurred in hardware implementation. At this time, the core layer LDPC decoder uses only a small amount of time resources (LDPC decoding iteration), and most of the time resources can be used by the enhanced layer LDPC decoder.

The signal demultiplexing device shown in FIG. 8 first restores the core layer data, cancels the core layer symbols from the received signal symbols, leaving only the enhanced layer symbols, and then increases the power of the enhanced layer symbols to enhance Restore layer data. As already explained through FIGS. 3 and 5, since the signals corresponding to each layer are combined at different power levels, data restoration with the fewest errors is possible only when the signal combined with the strongest power is restored.

Ultimately, in the example shown in FIG. 8, the signal demultiplexing apparatus includes a time deinterleaver 510 that generates a time deinterleaving signal by applying time deinterleaving to the received signal; A de-normalizer (1010) that increases the power of the received signal or the time deinterleaving signal by the power reduction by the power normalizer of the transmitter; A core layer BICM decoder 520 that restores core layer data from the signal power adjusted by the de-normalizer 1010; Using the output signal of the core layer FEC decoder of the core layer BICM decoder 520, cancellation corresponding to the core layer data for the signal power adjusted by the de-normalizer 1010 is performed to enhance the Enhanced layer symbol extractor 530 for extracting layer signals; A de-injection level controller 1020 that increases the power of the enhanced layer signal by a decrease in the power of the injection level controller of the transmitter; And it may include an enhanced layer BICM decoder 540 that restores the enhanced layer data using the output signal of the de-injection level controller 1020.

At this time, the enhanced layer symbol extractor can receive the entire codeword from the core layer LDPC decoder of the core layer BICM decoder and immediately bit interleave the entire codeword.

At this time, the enhanced layer symbol extractor may receive information bits from the core layer LDPC decoder of the core layer BICM decoder, perform core layer LDPC encoding on the information bits, and then perform bit interleaving.

At this time, the enhanced layer symbol extractor may receive information bits from the core layer BCH decoder of the core layer BICM decoder, perform core layer BCH encoding and core layer LDPC encoding on the information bits, and then perform bit interleaving.

At this time, the de-normalizer and the de-injection level controller may receive injection level information (IL INFO) provided based on L1 signaling and perform power control based on the injection level information.

At this time, the core layer BICM decoder has a lower bit rate than the enhanced layer BICM decoder and can be more robust than the enhanced layer BICM decoder.

At this time, the de-normalizer may correspond to the reciprocal of the normalizing factor.

At this time, the de-injection level controller may correspond to the reciprocal of the scaling factor.

At this time, the enhanced layer data may be restored based on cancellation corresponding to restoration of core layer data corresponding to the core layer signal.

At this time, the signal demultiplexing device includes one or more expansion layer symbol extractors that extract the expansion layer signal by performing cancellation corresponding to the previous layer data; One or more de-injection level controllers that increase the power of the expansion layer signal by a reduction in the power of an injection level controller of a transmitter and one or more expansions that restore one or more expansion layer data using output signals of the one or more de-injection level controllers. It may further include a layer BICM decoder.

A signal demultiplexing method according to an embodiment of the present invention through the configuration shown in FIG. 8 includes the steps of applying time deinterleaving to a received signal to generate a time deinterleaving signal; increasing the power of the received signal or the time deinterleaving signal by a power reduction by a power normalizer of a transmitter; Restoring core layer data from the power adjusted signal; extracting an enhanced layer signal by performing cancellation corresponding to the core layer data for the power-adjusted signal; increasing the power of the enhanced layer signal by a decrease in the power of the injection level controller of the transmitter; and restoring enhanced layer data using the power-adjusted enhanced layer signal.

At this time, in the step of extracting the enhanced layer signal, the entire codeword may be input from the core layer LDPC decoder of the core layer BICM decoder, and the entire codeword may be immediately bit interleaved.

At this time, the step of extracting the enhanced layer signal may include receiving information bits from the core layer LDPC decoder of the core layer BICM decoder, performing core layer LDPC encoding on the information bits, and then performing bit interleaving.

At this time, the step of extracting the enhanced layer signal may include receiving information bits from the core layer BCH decoder of the core layer BICM decoder, performing core layer BCH encoding and core layer LDPC encoding on the information bits, and then performing bit interleaving. .

*FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing an example of the core layer BICM decoder 520 and the enhanced layer symbol extractor 530 shown in FIG. 8.

Referring to FIG. 9, the core layer BICM decoder 520 includes a core layer symbol demapper, a core layer bit deinterleaver, a core layer LDPC decoder, and a core layer BCH decoder.

That is, in the example shown in FIG. 9, the core layer error correction decoder includes a core layer LDPC decoder and a core layer BCH decoder.

Additionally, in the example shown in FIG. 9, the core layer LDPC decoder provides the entire codeword including parity bits to the enhanced layer symbol extractor 530. That is, the LDPC decoder generally outputs only information bits among the entire LDPC codeword, but it is also possible to output the entire codeword.

In this case, the enhanced layer symbol extractor 530 is simple to implement because there is no need to provide a separate core layer LDPC encoder or core layer BCH encoder, but there is a possibility that residual errors remain in the LDPC code parity portion.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing another example of the core layer BICM decoder 520 and the enhanced layer symbol extractor 530 shown in FIG. 8.

Referring to FIG. 10, the core layer BICM decoder 520 includes a core layer symbol demapper, a core layer bit deinterleaver, a core layer LDPC decoder, and a core layer BCH decoder.

That is, in the example shown in FIG. 10, the core layer error correction decoder includes a core layer LDPC decoder and a core layer BCH decoder.

Additionally, in the example shown in FIG. 10, the core layer LDPC decoder provides information bits that do not include parity bits to the enhanced layer symbol extractor 530.

In this case, the enhanced layer symbol extractor 530 does not need to have a separate core layer BCH encoder, but must include a core layer LDPC encoder.

The example shown in FIG. 10 can remove residual errors that may remain in the LDPC code parity portion compared to the example shown in FIG. 9.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing another example of the core layer BICM decoder 520 and the enhanced layer symbol extractor 530 shown in FIG. 8.

Referring to FIG. 11, the core layer BICM decoder 520 includes a core layer symbol demapper, a core layer bit deinterleaver, a core layer LDPC decoder, and a core layer BCH decoder.

That is, in the example shown in FIG. 11, the core layer error correction decoder includes a core layer LDPC decoder and a core layer BCH decoder.

In the example shown in FIG. 11, the output of the core layer BCH decoder corresponding to core layer data is provided to the enhanced layer symbol extractor 530.

In this case, the enhanced layer symbol extractor 530 is complex because it must include both the core layer LDPC encoder and the core layer BCH encoder, but guarantees the highest performance compared to the examples of FIGS. 9 and 10.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing another example of the signal demultiplexing device shown in FIG. 1.

Referring to FIG. 12, the signal demultiplexing device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a time deinterleaver 510, a de-normalizer 1010, a core layer BICM decoder 520, and an enhanced layer symbol extractor 530. , an enhanced layer BICM decoder (540), one or more enhancement layer symbol extractors (650, 670), one or more enhancement layer BICM decoders (660, 680), and de-injection level controllers (1020, 1150, 1170). Includes.

At this time, the signal demultiplexing device shown in FIG. 12 may correspond to the broadcast signal frame generating device shown in FIG. 7.

The time deinterleaver 510 receives a received signal from an OFDM receiver that performs operations such as synchronization, channel estimation, and equalization, and provides information on the distribution of burst errors occurring in the channel. Perform the action. At this time, the L1 signaling information can be preferentially decoded by the OFDM receiver and used for data decoding. In particular, injection level information among L1 signaling information may be transmitted to the de-normalizer 1010 and the de-injection level controllers 1020, 1150, and 1170.

At this time, the de-normalizer 1010 can acquire the injection level information of all layers, calculate the de-normalizing factor using Equation 6 below, and then multiply it by the input signal.

[Equation 6]

De-Normalizing factor = (Normalizing factor) ^-1 =

That is, the de-normalizing factor is the reciprocal of the normalizing factor expressed by Equation 4 above.

Depending on the embodiment, when N1 signaling includes normalizing factor information as well as injection level information, the de-normalizer 1010 simply takes the reciprocal of the normalizing factor without the need to calculate the de-normalizing factor using the injection level. The normalizing factor can be obtained.

The de-normalizer 1010 corresponds to the power normalizer of the transmitter and increases the power by the amount decreased in the power normalizer.

In the example shown in FIG. 12, the de-normalizer 1010 is shown to adjust the power of the output signal of the time interleaver 510, but depending on the embodiment, the de-normalizer 1010 may be controlled by the time interleaver 510. It may be located in front of so that power adjustment is performed before interleaving.

In other words, the de-normalizer 1010 can be viewed as being located before or after the time interleaver 510 and amplifying the size of the signal for LLR calculation of the core layer symbol demapper.

The output of the time deinterleaver 510 (or the output of the de-normalizer 1010) is provided to the core layer BICM decoder 520, and the core layer BICM decoder 520 restores the core layer data.

At this time, the core layer BICM decoder 520 includes a core layer symbol demapper, a core layer bit deinterleaver, and a core layer error correction decoder. The core layer symbol demapper calculates LLR (Log-Likelihood Ratio) values related to symbols, the core layer bit deinterleaver strongly mixes the calculated LLR values with clustering errors, and the core layer error correction decoder corrects errors occurring in the channel. Correct.

In particular, the core layer error correction decoder may output only information bits, or may output all bits combined with information bits and parity bits. At this time, the core layer error correction decoder may output only the information bits as core layer data, and output all bits in which the information bits and parity bits are combined to the enhanced layer symbol extractor 530.

The core layer error correction decoder may be a core layer LDPC decoder and a core layer BCH decoder connected in series. That is, the input of the core layer error correction decoder is input to the core layer LDPC decoder, the output of the core layer LDPC decoder is input to the core layer BCH decoder, and the output of the core layer BCH decoder is input to the core layer error correction decoder. It can be output. At this time, the LDPC decoder performs LDPC decoding, and the BCH decoder performs BCH decoding.

The enhanced layer error correction decoder may also have an enhanced layer LDPC decoder and an enhanced layer BCH decoder connected in series. That is, the input of the enhanced layer error correction decoder is input to the enhanced layer LDPC decoder, the output of the enhanced layer LDPC decoder is input to the enhanced layer BCH decoder, and the output of the enhanced layer BCH decoder is input to the enhanced layer BCH decoder. It can be the output of a layer error correction decoder.

Furthermore, the extension layer error correction decoder may be a series-connected form of an extension layer LDPC decoder and an extension layer BCH decoder. That is, the input of the extension layer error correction decoder is input to the extension layer LDPC decoder, the output of the extension layer LDPC decoder is input to the extension layer BCH decoder, and the output of the extension layer BCH decoder is input to the extension layer error correction decoder. It can be output.

In particular, the trade-off between implementation complexity and performance depending on which of the outputs of the error correction decoder described in FIGS. 9, 10, and 11 is used is the core layer BICM decoder 520 of FIG. 12. and the enhanced layer symbol extractor 530, as well as the enhanced layer symbol extractors 650 and 670 and the enhanced layer BICM decoders 660 and 680.

The enhanced layer symbol extractor 530 receives all bits from the core layer error correction decoder of the core layer BICM decoder 520 and extracts the enhanced layer from the output signal of the time deinterleaver 510 or de-normalizer 1010. Symbols can be extracted. Depending on the embodiment, the enhanced layer symbol extractor 530 does not receive all bits from the error correction decoder of the core layer BICM decoder 520, but receives information bits of LDPC or BCH information bits. It can be provided.

At this time, the enhanced layer symbol extractor 530 includes a buffer, a subtracter, a core layer symbol mapper, and a core layer bit interleaver. The buffer stores the output signal of the time deinterleaver 510 or de-normalizer 1010. The core layer bit interleaver receives all bits (information bits + parity bits) from the core layer BICM decoder and performs the same core layer bit interleaving as the transmitter. The core layer symbol mapper generates the same core layer symbol as the transmitter from the interleaved signal. The subtractor subtracts the output signal of the core layer symbol mapper from the signal stored in the buffer to obtain an enhanced layer symbol and transmits it to the de-injection level controller 1020.

At this time, the core layer bit interleaver and core layer symbol mapper included in the enhanced layer symbol extractor 530 may be the same as the bit interleaver and symbol mapper of the core layer shown in FIG. 7.

The de-injection level controller 1020 receives the enhanced layer symbol and increases the power by the power dropped by the injection level controller of the transmitter. That is, the de-injection level controller 1020 amplifies the input signal and provides it to the enhanced layer BICM decoder 540.

The enhanced layer BICM decoder 540 receives the enhanced layer symbol whose power has been increased by the de-injection level controller 1020 and restores the enhanced layer data.

At this time, the enhanced layer BICM decoder 540 may include an enhanced layer symbol demapper, an enhanced layer bit deinterleaver, and an enhanced layer error correction decoder. The enhanced layer symbol demapper calculates LLR (Log-Likelihood Ratio) values related to the enhanced layer symbols, the enhanced layer bit deinterleaver strongly mixes the calculated LLR values with clustering errors, and enhanced layer error correction decoding Corrects errors occurring in the running channel.

In particular, the enhanced layer error correction decoder may output only information bits, or may output all bits combined with information bits and parity bits. At this time, the enhanced layer error correction decoder may output only the information bits as enhanced layer data, and output all bits in which the information bits and parity bits are combined to the enhancement layer symbol extractor 650.

The extension layer symbol extractor 650 receives all bits from the enhanced layer error correction decoder of the enhanced layer BICM decoder 540 and extracts extension layer symbols from the output signal of the de-injection level controller 1020. do.

At this time, the de-injection level controller 1020 may amplify the power of the output signal of the subtractor of the enhanced layer symbol extractor 530.

At this time, the enhanced layer symbol extractor 650 includes a buffer, a subtracter, an enhanced layer symbol mapper, and an enhanced layer bit interleaver. The buffer stores the output signal of the de-injection level controller 1020. The enhanced layer bit interleaver receives all bits (information bits + parity bits) from the enhanced layer BICM decoder and performs the same enhanced layer bit interleaving as the transmitter. The enhanced layer symbol mapper generates the same enhanced layer symbol as the transmitter from the interleaved signal. The subtractor subtracts the output signal of the enhanced layer symbol mapper from the signal stored in the buffer, obtains an enhanced layer symbol, and transmits it to the de-injection level controller 1150.

At this time, the enhanced layer bit interleaver and the enhanced layer symbol mapper included in the expansion layer symbol extractor 650 may be the same as the bit interleaver and symbol mapper of the enhanced layer shown in FIG. 7.

The de-injection level controller 1150 increases the power by the amount reduced by the injection level controller of the corresponding layer in the transmitter.

At this time, the de-injection level controller can be viewed as performing an operation of multiplying the expansion layer gain of Equation 7 below. At this time, the 0th injection level can be considered 0dB.

[Equation 7]

n-th Extension Layer Gain =

The extension layer BICM decoder 660 receives an extension layer symbol whose power is increased by the de-injection level controller 1150 and restores the extension layer data.

At this time, the extension layer BICM decoder 660 may include an extension layer symbol demapper, an extension layer bit deinterleaver, and an extension layer error correction decoder. The extension layer symbol demapper calculates LLR (Log-Likelihood Ratio) values related to the extension layer symbols, the extension layer bit deinterleaver strongly mixes the calculated LLR values with the clustering error, and the extension layer error correction decoder calculates the log-likelihood ratio (LLR) values related to the extension layer symbol. Correct the error.

In particular, two or more extension layer symbol extractors and two or more extension layer BICM decoders may each be provided when there are two or more extension layers.

That is, in the example shown in FIG. 12, the enhancement layer error correction decoder of the enhancement layer BICM decoder 660 may output only information bits, or may output all bits combined with information bits and parity bits. It may be possible. At this time, the expansion layer error correction decoder may output only the information bits as expansion layer data, and output all bits in which the information bits and parity bits are combined to the next expansion layer symbol extractor 670.

The structure and operation of the extension layer symbol extractor 670, the extension layer BICM decoder 680, and the de-injection level controller 1170 are the same as the above-described extension layer symbol extractor 650, the extension layer BICM decoder 660, and the de-injection. This can be easily seen from the structure and operation of the level controller 1150.

The de-injection level controllers 1020, 1150, and 1170 shown in FIG. 12 may correspond to a larger power increase as it moves downward. That is, the de-injection level controller 1150 increases power more significantly than the de-injection level controller 1020, and the de-injection level controller 1170 increases power more significantly than the de-injection level controller 1150. You can do it.

The signal demultiplexing device shown in FIG. 12 first restores the core layer data, restores the enhanced layer data using cancellation of the core layer symbol, and restores the expansion layer data using cancellation of the enhanced layer symbol. You can see that it is being restored. Two or more expansion layers may be provided, in which case restoration is performed starting from the expansion layer combined at a higher power level.

Figure 13 is a diagram showing the power increase due to the combination of the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal.

Referring to FIG. 13, when a multiplexed signal is generated by combining a core layer signal with an enhanced layer signal whose power is reduced by the injection level, the power level of the multiplexed signal is equal to that of the core layer signal or the enhanced layer signal. You can see that it is higher than the power level.

At this time, the injection level controlled by the injection level controller shown in FIGS. 3 and 7 can be adjusted in 0.5dB or 1dB intervals from 0dB to 25.0dB. When the injection level is 3.0dB, the power of the enhanced layer signal is 3dB lower than the power of the core layer signal. When the injection level is 10.0dB, the power of the enhanced layer signal is 10dB lower than the power of the core layer signal. This relationship applies not only between the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal, but also between the enhanced layer signal and the expansion layer signal or the expansion layer signals.

The power normalizer shown in FIGS. 3 and 7 can solve problems such as signal distortion that may be caused by an increase in power due to combining by adjusting the power level after combining.

Figure 14 is an operation flowchart showing a method for generating a broadcast signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 14, the method for generating a broadcast signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention applies BICM to core layer data (S1210).

Additionally, the broadcast signal frame generation method according to an embodiment of the present invention applies BICM to the enhanced layer data (S1220).

The BICM applied in step S1220 and the BICM applied in step S1210 may be different. At this time, the BICM applied in step S1220 may be less robust than the BICM applied in step S1210. At this time, the bit rate of BICM applied in step S1220 may be greater than the bit rate applied in step S1210.

At this time, the enhanced layer signal may correspond to enhanced layer data restored based on cancellation corresponding to restoration of core layer data corresponding to the core layer signal.

Additionally, the method for generating a broadcast signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention generates a power reduced enhanced layer signal by reducing the power of the enhanced layer signal (S1230).

At this time, step S1230 can change the injection level between 0dB and 25.0dB at intervals of 0.5dB or 1dB.

Additionally, the method for generating a broadcast signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention generates a multiplexed signal by combining the core layer signal and the power reduced enhanced layer signal (S1240).

That is, step S1240 combines the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal at different power levels, but combines them so that the power level of the enhanced layer signal is lower than the power level of the core layer signal.

At this time, step S1240 may combine one or more extension layer signals of a lower power level than the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal with the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal.

Additionally, the method for generating a broadcast signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention lowers the power of the multiplexed signal in step S1250 (S1250).

At this time, step S1250 may lower the power of the multiplexed signal by the power of the core layer signal. At this time, step S1250 can lower the power of the multiplexed signal by the amount increased by step S1240.

Additionally, the method for generating a broadcast signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention generates a time-interleaved signal by performing time interleaving applied to the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal (S1260).

In addition, the method for generating a broadcast signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention uses the time interleaved signal to include time interleaver information and physical layer pipes (Physical Layer Pipes) shared between the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal. A broadcast signal frame containing a preamble for signaling type information and size information of PLPs is generated (S1270).

At this time, step S1270 includes generating the bootstrap; generating the preamble; And it may include generating a super imposed payload corresponding to the time interleaved signal.

At this time, the preamble includes PLP identification information to identify physical layer pipes (PLPs); and layer identification information for identifying layers corresponding to hierarchical division.

At this time, PLP identification information and layer identification information may be included in the preamble as separate fields.

At this time, time interleaver information may be included in the preamble for each of the physical layer pipes without condition judgment of the conditional statement corresponding to the layer identification information (j).

At this time, the preamble may optionally include injection level information corresponding to the injection level controller according to the result of comparing the layer identification information with a preset value for each of the physical layer pipes (IF(j>0)). You can.

At this time, the bootstrap may be shorter than the preamble and have a fixed length.

At this time, the bootstrap includes a symbol representing the structure of the preamble, and the symbol may correspond to a fixed bit string representing a combination of the modulation method/code rate, FFT size, guard interval length, and pilot pattern of the preamble. .

At this time, when the modulation method/code rate is the same, the preamble structure corresponding to the second FFT size smaller than the first FFT size is preferentially allocated to the symbol rather than the preamble structure corresponding to the first FFT size, and the modulation When the method/code rate and the FFT size are the same, the preamble structure corresponding to the second guard interval length greater than the first guard interval length is preferentially assigned to the preamble structure corresponding to the first guard interval length. It may be.

At this time, the broadcast signal frame may be an ATSC 3.0 frame.

At this time, L1 signaling information may include injection level information and/or normalizing factor information.

At this time, the preamble may include type information, start position information, and size information of physical layer pipes.

At this time, the type information may be used to identify one of a first type corresponding to a non-dispersed physical layer pipe and a second type corresponding to a dispersed physical layer pipe.

At this time, a non-distributed physical layer pipe is allocated to contiguous data cell indices, and the distributed physical layer pipe may be composed of two or more subslices.

At this time, type information may be selectively signaled according to a result of comparing the layer identification information and a preset value for each of the physical layer pipes.

At this time, type information can be signaled only for the core layer.

At this time, the start position information may be set equal to the index corresponding to the first data cell of the physical layer pipe.

At this time, the start position information may indicate the start position of the physical layer pipe using a cell addressing scheme.

At this time, start position information may be included in the preamble for each of the physical layer pipes without determining the condition of the conditional statement corresponding to the layer identification information.

At this time, size information may be set based on the number of data cells allocated to the physical layer pipe.

At this time, size information may be included in the preamble for each of the physical layer pipes without condition judgment of the conditional statement corresponding to the layer identification information.

Although not explicitly shown in FIG. 14, the method for generating a broadcast signal frame may further include generating signaling information including injection level information corresponding to step S1230. At this time, the signaling information may be L1 signaling information.

The method of generating a broadcast signal frame shown in FIG. 14 may correspond to step S210 shown in FIG. 2.

Figure 15 is a diagram showing a super-frame structure including a broadcast signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 15, it can be seen that a superframe based on Layered Division Multiplexing (LDM) is composed of one or more frames, and one frame is composed of one or more OFDM symbols.

At this time, each OFDM symbol may start with one or more preamble symbols. Additionally, the frame may include a reference symbol or a pilot symbol.

The superframe 1510 shown in FIG. 15 includes an LDM frame 1520, a single-layer frame 1530 without LDM, and a future extension frame for future extensibility ( It may be configured in a time division multiplexing (TDM) method, including the Future Extension Frame (FEF) 1540.

When two layers are applied, the LDM frame 1520 may be composed of an upper layer (UL) 1553 and a lower layer (LL) 1555.

At this time, the upper layer 1553 may correspond to the core layer, and the lower layer 1555 may correspond to the enhanced layer.

At this time, the LDM frame 1520 including the upper layer 1553 and the lower layer 1555 may include a bootstrap 1552 and a preamble 1551.

At this time, the upper layer 1553 data and the lower layer 1555 data may share a time interleaver and use the same frame length and FFT size to reduce complexity and memory size.

Additionally, the single-layer frame 1530 may also include a bootstrap 1562 and a preamble 1561.

At this time, the single-layer frame 1530 may use a different FFT size, time interleaver, and frame length than the LDM frame 1520. At this time, the single-layer frame 1530 can be viewed as being multiplexed with the LDM frame 1520 within the superframe 1510 in a TDM manner.

Figure 16 is a diagram showing an example of an LDM frame using two layers and a multiple-physical layer pipe (PLP) applied.

Referring to FIG. 16, it can be seen that the LDM frame starts with a bootstrap signal including system version information or general signaling information. After bootstrapping, an L1 signaling signal including code rate, modulation information, physical layer pipe number information, etc. may follow as a preamble.

Following the preamble (L1 SIGNAL), a common physical layer pipe (PLP) in the form of a burst may be transmitted. At this time, the common physical layer pipe can transmit data that can be shared with other physical layer pipes in the frame.

After the common physical layer pipe, a multiple-physical layer pipe for servicing different broadcast signals is transmitted in the LDM method of two layers. At this time, services requiring robust reception such as indoor/mobile (720p or 1080p HD, etc.) are provided through core layer (upper layer) data physical layer pipes, and fixed reception services requiring high transmission rates (4K-UHD) or multiple HD, etc.) can be transmitted through enhanced layer (lower layer) data physical layer pipes.

When multiple-physical layer pipes are layer division multiplexed, the total number of multiple-physical layer pipes can be seen to increase as a result.

At this time, the core layer data physical layer pipe and the enhanced layer data physical layer pipe may share a time interleaver to reduce complexity and memory size. At this time, the core layer data physical layer pipe and the enhanced layer data physical layer pipe may have the same physical layer pipe size (PLP size) or different physical layer pipe sizes.

Depending on the embodiment, physical layer pipes divided into layers may have different PLP sizes, and in this case, information to identify the start position of the PLP or the size of the PLP may be signaled.

Figure 17 is a diagram showing another example of an LDM frame using two layers and a multiple-physical layer pipe (PLP) applied.

Referring to FIG. 17, it can be seen that the LDM frame may include a common physical layer pipe after the bootstrap and preamble (L1 SIGNAL). After the common physical layer pipe, core layer data physical layer pipes and enhanced layer data physical layer pipes can be transmitted in a 2-layer LDM method.

In particular, the core layer data physical layer pipes and the enhanced layer data physical layer pipes shown in FIG. 17 may have either type 1 or type 2, and type 1 and type 2 may be defined as follows. there is.

*- Type 1 PLP

If a common PLP exists, it is transmitted after the common PLP

Transmitted as a burst within a frame (one slice)

-Type 2 PLP

If a Type 1 PLP exists, it is transmitted after the Type 1 PLP.

Distributed and transmitted in the form of two or more sub-slices within the frame

As the number of sub-slices increases, time diversity increases and has the effect of power consumption.

At this time, Type 1 PLP may correspond to a non-dispersed PLP, and Type 2 PLP may correspond to a dispersed PLP. At this time, non-distributed PLPs may be assigned to contiguous data cell indices. At this time, the distributed PLP may be divided and allocated to two or more subslices.

Figure 18 is a diagram showing an example of the use of an LDM frame using two layers and a multiple-physical layer pipe (PLP) applied to the LDM frame.

Referring to FIG. 18, the LDM frame may include a common physical layer pipe (PLP(1,1)) after the bootstrap and preamble, and a data physical layer pipe (PLP(2,1)) for a robust audio service. ) can be included in a time-division manner.

Additionally, a core layer data physical layer pipe (PLP(3,1)) for mobile/indoor services (720p or 1080p HD) and an enhanced layer data physical layer for high data rate services (4K-UHD or multiple HD). The pipe (PLP(3,2)) can be transmitted in a 2-layer LDM method.

Figure 19 is a diagram showing another use example of an LDM using two layers and an LDM frame applying a multiple-physical layer pipe.

Referring to FIG. 19, the LDM frame may include a bootstrap, preamble, and common physical layer pipe (PLP(1,1)). At this time, robust audio services and mobile/indoor services (720p or 1080p HD) are transmitted separately through core layer data physical layer pipes (PLP(2,1), PLP(3,1)) and are transmitted at high data rates. The service (4K-UHD or multiple HD) can be transmitted by enhanced layer data physical layer pipes (PLP(2,2), PLP(3,2)).

At this time, the core layer data physical layer pipe and the enhanced layer data physical layer pipe can use the same time interleaver.

At this time, physical layer pipes (PLP(2,2), PLP(3,2)) providing the same service can signal that they provide the same service using PLP_GROUP_ID indicating the same PLP group.

Depending on the embodiment, when physical layer pipes of different sizes are used for each LDM layer, the service may be identified according to the start position and size of each physical layer pipe without PLP_GROUP_ID.

18 and 19 illustrate the case of identifying multiple physical layer pipes and layers corresponding to layer divisional multiplexing by PLP(i,j), but the PLP identification information and layer identification information are signaled as separate fields. It could be.

Depending on the embodiment, PLPs of different sizes may be used for each layer. In this case, each service can be identified through the PLP identifier.

When PLPs of different sizes are used for each layer, the PLP start position and PLP length can be signaled for each PLP.

The following pseudocode shows an example of fields included in the preamble according to an embodiment of the present invention. At this time, the following pseudocode may be included in the L1 signaling information of the preamble.

[capital code]

SUB_SLICES_PER_FRAME (15 bits)

NUM_PLP (8 bits)

NUM_AUX (4 bits)

AUX_CONFIG_RFU (8 bits)

for i=0.. NUM_RF-1 {

RF_IDX (3 bits)

FREQUENCY (32 bits)

}

IF S2=='xxx1' {

FEF_TYPE (4 bits)

FEF_LENGTH (22 bits)

FEF_INTERVAL (8 bits)

}

for i=0 .. NUM_PLP-1 {

NUM_LAYER (2~3 bits)

for j=0 ..NUM_LAYER-1{

/* Signaling for each layer */

PLP_ID (i, j) (8 bits)

PLP_GROUP_ID (8 bits)

PLP_TYPE (3 bits)

PLP_PAYLOAD_TYPE (5 bits)

PLP_COD (4 bits)

PLP_MOD (3 bits)

PLP_SSD (1 bit)

PLP_FEC_TYPE (2 bits)

PLP_NUM_BLOCKS_MAX (10 bits)

IN_BAND_A_FLAG (1 bit)

IN_BAND_B_FLAG (1 bit)

PLP_MODE (2 bits)

STATIC_PADDING_FLAG (1 bit)

IF (j > 0)

LL_INJECTION_LEVEL (3~8 bits)

} / * End of NUM_LAYER loop */

/* Common signaling for all layers */

FF_FLAG (1 bit)

FIRST_RF_IDX (3 bits)

FIRST_FRAME_IDX (8 bits)

FRAME_INTERVAL (8 bits)

TIME_IL_LENGTH (8 bits)

TIME_IL_TYPE (1 bit)

RESERVED_1 (11 bits)

STATIC_FLAG (1 bit)

PLP_START (24 bits)

PLP_SIZE (24 bits)

} / * End of NUM_PLP loop */

FEF_LENGTH_MSB (2 bits)

RESERVED_2 (30 bits)

for i=0 .. NUM_AUX-1 {

AUX_STREAM_TYPE (4 bits)

AUX_PRIVATE_CONF (28 bits)

}

In the pseudocode, NUM_LAYER may be composed of 2 bits or 3 bits. At this time, NUM_LAYER may be a field used to indicate the number of layers within each temporally divided PLP. At this time, NUM_LAYER is defined within the NUM_PLP loop and may have a different number of layers for each temporally divided PLP.

In the above pseudocode, LL_INJECTION_LEVEL may consist of 3 to 8 bits. At this time, LL_INJECTION_LEVEL may be a field for defining the injection level of the lower layer (enhanced layer). At this time, LL_INJECTION_LEVEL may correspond to injection level information.

At this time, if there are two or more layers, LL_INJECTION_LEVEL can be defined starting from the second layer (j>0).

Fields such as PLP_ID(i,j), PLP_GROUP_ID, PLP_TYPE, PLP_PAYLOAD_TYPE, PLP_COD, PLP_MOD, PLP_SSD, PLP_FEC_TYPE, PLP_NUM_BLOCKS_MAX, IN_BAND_A_FLAG, IN_BAND_B_FLAG, PLP_MODE, STATIC_PADDING_FLAG are parameters defined for each layer, N UM_LAYER defined within the loop You can.

At this time, PLP_ID(i,j) may correspond to PLP identification information and layer identification information. For example, i of PLP_ID(i,j) may correspond to PLP identification information, and j may correspond to layer identification information.

Depending on the embodiment, PLP identification information and layer identification information may be included in the preamble as separate fields.

In addition, time interleaver information such as TIME_IL_LENGTH or TIME_IL_TYPE, or fields such as FRAME_INTERVAL, FF_FLAG, FIRST_RF_IDX, FIRST_FRAME_IDX, RESERVED_1, and STATIC_FLAG related to PLP size, can be defined outside the NUM_LAYER loop or within the NUM_PLP loop.

In particular, PLP_TYPE represents type information of the above-mentioned physical layer pipes, and may be composed of 1 bit since it only needs to identify two types: the first type and the second type. In the pseudocode, an example is described where PLP_TYPE is included in the preamble without determining the conditional statement corresponding to the layer identification information (j), but PLP_TYPE is the result of comparing the layer identification information (j) and the preset value (0) (if (j=0)) may be selectively signaled (transmitted only to the core layer).

In the above pseudocode, the case where PLP_TYPE is defined within the NUM_LAYER loop is given as an example, but depending on the embodiment, PLP_TYPE may be defined outside the NUM_LAYER loop or within the NUM_PLP loop.

In the above pseudocode, PLP_START indicates the start position of the corresponding physical layer pipe. At this time, PLP_START can indicate the start position using a cell addressing scheme. At this time, PLP_START may be an index corresponding to the first data cell of the corresponding PLP.

In particular, PLP_START may be signaled for each of all physical layer pipes, and depending on the embodiment, may be used for service identification using multiple-physical layer pipes along with a field signaling the size of the PLP.

In the above pseudocode, PLP_SIZE is size information of physical layer pipes. At this time, PLP_SIZE can be set equal to the number of data cells allocated to the corresponding physical layer pipe.

That is, in the pseudocode, PLP_TYPE can be viewed as being signaled considering layer identification information, and PLP_SIZE and PLP_START can be seen as being signaled for all physical layer pipes regardless of layer identification information.

Channel bonding enables bundling of multiple RF channels to enhance spectrum flexibility for broadcasting. Channel bonding spreads the data of a single service (PLP) across two classical RF channels. Channel bonding can increase service data rate peaks beyond that provided by a single RF channel. RF channels do not necessarily need to be adjacent to each other. That is, it is possible to receive channels from the same band (e.g. UHF-UHF) and different bands (e.g. VHF-UHF).

Another advantage of channel bonding is that it can increase frequency diversity by extending frequency interleaving across more than one RF channel. This can be interpreted as coverage gain for reception of all services transmitted on the two RF channels, as well as increased robustness against potential interferences in each. As long as an appropriate code rate is selected, uniform distribution of encoded data across both RF channels can enable data recovery even if one RF channel is contaminated.

Increased robustness to interferences can benefit frequency planning using tighter frequency reuse patterns allowing more RF channels to be used per transmitter.

Figure 20 is a block diagram showing a broadcast signal transmitter for channel bonding.

Referring to FIG. 20, it can be seen that the implementation of channel bonding shares most blocks with a broadcast signal transmitter using one RF channel.

In a broadcast signal transmitter, the data of the high-capacity stream is independently modulated and split into two sub-streams that are transmitted over two different RF channels.

Figure 21 is a block diagram showing a broadcast signal receiver for channel bonding.

Referring to FIG. 21, it can be seen that two tuners are required to simultaneously demodulate data of two RF channels.

Two BICM decoding chains are also needed. The demodulated streams are recombined to create a single original data stream.

The cell exchanger and cell re-exchanger shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 may be bypassed in plain channel bonding and activated in SNR averaging channel bonding.

Plain channel bonding is the default mode and allows transmission of services exceeding the throughput of one RF channel.

SNR averaging channel bonding is the second mode of operation, utilizing inter-RF frequency interleaving across two RF channels to increase transmission robustness. A cell switch is used to ensure even distribution of data across the two RF channels.

Figure 22 is a block diagram showing a broadcast signal transmitter including an input formatting block for inserting a BB header.

Before the stream partitioner, the transmitted data must pass through an input formatting block where a baseband header (BB header) is inserted. The BB header contains a specific ID that enables correct packet reordering on the receiver side. Once data is loaded into BB packets, the BB packets are FEC encoded, modulated, and transmitted independently on different RF channels.

Figure 23 is a block diagram showing a broadcast signal receiver including a block for removing the BB header.

BB packets are allocated to two modulation chains in a ratio that ensures that the memory size of the stream combiner circuit at the receiver is not excessive.

In the receiver, BB header removal and stream combining are performed.

The cell exchanger shown in FIG. 20 distributes odd and even cells of the FEC codeword of each RF channel. To restore data, the reverse process is performed at the receiver.

Figure 24 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the cell switch.

Referring to Figure 24, the cell switch enables uniform distribution of encoded data across the two RF channels.

FIG. 25 is a diagram mathematically showing the output of the cell exchanger shown in FIG. 24.

In Figure 25, s _i,1 and s _i,2 represent input cells of the cell exchanger, and g _i,1 and g _i,2 represent output cells.

If two RF channels are assigned to the same frequency band, SNR averaging channel bonding may be suitable for use. Since the cell switch requires the same cell rate on each transmission branch, the PLP rates of both streams must be the same in this mode. In this way, the peak service data rate can be doubled and improved RF performance can be achieved.

Figure 26 is a block diagram showing a broadcast signal transmitter using SNR averaging channel bonding and identical band allocation.

Referring to FIG. 26, it can be seen that a stream partitioner and a cell exchanger are used.

The block indicated by TI in FIG. 26 is a time interleaver and may be the same block as the time interleaver 350 shown in FIG. 3. The block marked as Framer is a frame builder and may be the same block as the frame builder 370 shown in FIG. 3.

Additionally, the BICM shown in FIG. 26 may be the same block as the BICM unit 310 or 320 shown in FIG. 3. The OFDM generation shown in FIG. 26 may be the same block as the OFDM transmitter 113 shown in FIG. 1.

The block marked FI can perform interleaving corresponding to the frequency domain with a frequency interleaver.

The block marked PP is a pilot pattern inserter and can perform pilot pattern insertion.

Figure 27 is a block diagram showing a broadcast signal receiver using SNR averaging channel bonding and identical band allocation.

Referring to FIG. 27, it can be seen that a cell re-exchanger and a stream combiner are used.

The block indicated as TI ^-1 in FIG. 27 is a time deinterleaver and may be the same block as the time deinterleaver 510 shown in FIG. 8. The block marked as Framer ^-1 may be a block that performs the reverse process of the frame builder.

Additionally, BICM ^-1 shown in FIG. 27 may be the same block as the BICM decoder 520 or 540 shown in FIG. 3. The OFDM generation shown in FIG. 27 may be the same block as the OFDM receiver 133 shown in FIG. 1.

The block marked FI ^-1 can perform deinterleaving corresponding to the frequency domain using a frequency deinterleaver.

The channel estimation unit may perform channel estimation using the received signal. At this time, a pilot pattern can be used for channel estimation.

When RF channels are assigned to different frequency bands, the receiver must implement two types of antennas. In this case, SNR averaging is not attractive. Instead, plain channel bonding may be used, especially in combination with Scalable High efficiency Video Coding (SHVC). Plain channel bonding with SHVC can transmit the low data rate layer (SHVC base layer) on one RF channel and the SHVC enhanced layer on another RF channel. This use case is advantageous for joint delivery of services for mobile and fixed reception. For example, a mobile device implementing an embedded UHF antenna can demodulate a low data rate SHVC base layer. A fixed receiver with a UHF+VHF antenna can receive high-quality services by combining the base layer and the enhanced layer transmitted on the VHF channel.

Figure 28 is a block diagram showing a broadcast signal transmitter using plain channel bonding and different band allocation.

Referring to Figure 28, it can be seen that each BICM chain modulates each different SHVC layer.

Each block shown in FIG. 28 is the same as previously described with reference to FIG. 26.

Figure 29 is a block diagram showing a mobile receiver using plain channel bonding and other band allocations.

Referring to FIG. 29, it can be seen that the mobile receiver acquires only the SHVC base layer signal (SHVC BL).

Figure 30 is a block diagram showing a fixed receiver using plain channel bonding and different band allocation.

Referring to FIG. 30, it can be seen that the fixed receiver restores both SHVC layers (SHVC BL, SHVC EL).

Each block shown in FIGS. 29 and 30 is the same as already described in FIG. 27.

The main purpose of layer division multiplexing (LDM) is the simultaneous provision of fixed and mobile services sharing the same time-frequency resources. Combining layer division multiplexing and channel bonding can lead to the following use cases:

- Plain channel bonding for LDM enhanced layer

In this use case, channel bonding applies only to the LDM fixed service layer. Although no frequency diversity gain is achieved, the peak data rate of the service is doubled. The LDM mobile layer does not implement channel bonding and therefore does not increase the complexity of the mobile receiver.

- LDM using SNR averaging channel bonding

In this use case, mobile and fixed service data rates are doubled due to the combination of the two RF channels. SNR averaging can utilize inter-RF frequency diversity to enhance transmission robustness. From an implementation perspective, the use of a cell-switch requires that the same LDM transmission mode be used on both RF channels.

In plain channel bonding for the LDM enhanced layer, the LDM core layer does not benefit from increased peak service data rates. However, since there is no need to implement two tuners at the mobile receiver end, there is no increase in mobile receiver complexity. On the other hand, the enhanced layer benefits from plain channel bonding.

Since it is not possible to mix two independent core layer streams in a cell switch, plain channel bonding may be an acceptable channel bonding mode.

Figure 31 is a block diagram showing a broadcast signal transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 31, the broadcast signal transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an enhanced layer stream splitter 3110, a first core layer BICM unit 3121, a second core layer BICM unit 3124, first and Second enhanced layer BICM units (3122, 3123), first and second injection level controllers (3131, 3132), combiners (3141, 3142), power normalizers (3151, 3152), time interleavers ( 3161, 3162), frame builders (3171, 3172), frequency interleavers (3181, 3182), pilot pattern inserters (3191, 3192), and OFDM transmitters (3115, 3116).

The enhanced layer stream splitter 3110 splits the enhanced layer stream to generate a first enhanced layer split signal (EL Input Stream 1) and a second enhanced layer split signal (EL Input Stream 2).

The first and second core layer BICM units 3121 and 3124 and the first and second enhanced layer BICM units 3122 and 3123 may be any one of the BICM units 310 and 320 shown in FIG. 3, respectively. .

The injection level controllers 3131 and 3132 may each be the injection level controller 330 shown in FIG. 3 .

The combiner 3141 generates a first multiplexed signal corresponding to the first enhanced layer split signal (EL Input Stream 1). The combiner 3142 generates a second multiplexed signal corresponding to the second enhanced layer split signal (EL Input Stream 2). The couplers 3141 and 3142 may each be the coupler 340 shown in FIG. 3 . The combiner 3141 may generate the first multiplexed signal by combining the first core layer signal and the first enhanced layer split signal at different power levels. The combiner 3142 may generate the second multiplexed signal by combining the second core layer signal and the second enhanced layer split signal at different power levels.

The power normalizer 3151 lowers the power of the first multiplexed signal to the power corresponding to the first core layer signal. The power normalizer 3152 lowers the power of the second multiplexed signal to the power corresponding to the second core layer signal. The power normalizers 3152 and 3153 may each be the power normalizer 345 shown in FIG. 3 .

The time interleaver 3161 generates a first time interleaved signal corresponding to the first enhanced layer split signal. The time interleaver 3162 generates a second time interleaved signal corresponding to the second enhanced layer split signal. The time interleavers 3161 and 3162 may each be the time interleaver 360 shown in FIG. 3 .

The frame builders 3171 and 3172 may each be the frame builder 370 shown in FIG. 3 .

The frequency interleavers 3181 and 3182 and the pilot pattern inserters 3191 and 3192 have already been described.

The OFDM transmitter 3115 transmits a signal corresponding to the first time interleaved signal using the OFDM communication method. The OFDM transmitter 3116 transmits a signal corresponding to the second time interleaved signal using the OFDM communication method. OFDM transmitters 3115 and 3116 may each be the OFDM transmitter shown in FIG. 1 .

In the example shown in FIG. 31, the first core layer signal and the second core layer signal may be independent from each other.

The input of the transmitter shown in FIG. 31 is one enhanced layer stream that is split into two independent core layer streams and two enhanced layer sub-streams. Each of the enhanced layer sub-streams (enhanced layer split signals) is LDM-aggregated with one of the core layer streams that constitute two LDM signals transmitted on different RF channels. Therefore, the stream splitter only applies to enhanced layer streams.

Figure 32 is a block diagram showing mobile broadcast signal receivers according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 32, it can be seen that the mobile broadcast signal receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention is a single tuner receiver.

The mobile broadcast signal receivers shown in FIG. 32 receive only one core layer stream according to the tuned RF channel.

Figure 33 is a block diagram showing a fixed broadcast signal receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 33, the fixed broadcast signal receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention includes OFDM receivers (3311 and 3312), channel estimators (3321 and 3322), time deinterleavers (3331 and 3332), and core layer BICM. It includes decoders 3351 and 3352, enhanced layer BICM decoders 3361 and 3362, and enhanced layer stream combiner 3370.

The OFDM receiver 3311 receives the first received signal. OFDM receiver 3312 receives the second received signal. OFDM receivers 3311 and 3312 may each be OFDM receiver 133 shown in FIG. 1 .

The time deinterleaver 3331 generates a time deinterleaving signal by applying time deinterleaving to the first received signal. The time deinterleaver 3332 generates a time deinterleaving signal by performing time deinterleaving on the second received signal. The time deinterleavers 3331 and 3332 may each be the time deinterleaver 510 shown in FIG. 8 .

The core layer BICM decoder 3351 restores the first core layer signal (CL Output Stream A) from a signal corresponding to the first received signal. The core layer BICM decoder 3352 restores the second core layer signal (CL Output Stream B) from a signal corresponding to the second received signal. The core layer BICM decoders 3351 and 3352 may each be the core layer BICM decoder 520 shown in FIG. 8.

The enhanced layer BICM decoder 3361 restores the first enhanced layer split signal (EL Output Stream 1) based on cancellation corresponding to the first core layer signal. The enhanced layer BICM decoder 3362 restores the second enhanced layer split signal (EL Output Stream 2) based on cancellation corresponding to the second core layer signal. The enhanced layer BICM decoders 3361 and 3362 may each be the enhanced layer BICM decoder 540 shown in FIG. 8.

The enhanced layer stream combiner 3370 combines the first and second enhanced layer split signals (EL Output Stream 1 and EL Output Stream 2) to generate an enhanced layer stream.

At this time, the first core layer signal and the second core layer signal may be independent from each other.

The fixed broadcast signal receiver shown in FIG. 33 first restores two independent core layer streams with two tuners. Then, the LDM cancellation process is performed to obtain the two enhanced layer streams that are finally recombined in the stream combiner.

In LDM using SNR averaging channel bonding, SNR averaging channel bonding is applied in both core layer and enhanced layer LDM layers. Although the use of plain channel bonding for both layers is possible, when the two RF channels are in the same band, SNR averaging channel bonding is appropriate to take advantage of the frequency diversity gain.

Figure 34 is a block diagram showing a broadcast signal transmitter according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 34, a broadcast signal transmitter according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a core layer stream splitter 3410, a cell switch 3420, an enhanced layer stream splitter 3110, and a first core layer BICM unit 3121. , second core layer BICM unit 3124, first and second enhanced layer BICM units 3122, 3123, first and second injection level controllers 3131, 3132, combiners 3141, 3142, Power normalizers (3151, 3152), time interleavers (3161, 3162), frame builders (3171, 3172), frequency interleavers (3181, 3182), pilot pattern inserters (3191, 3192), and OFDM transmitter Includes fields 3115 and 3116.

The core layer stream splitter 3410 divides the core layer stream to generate a first core layer signal (CL Input Stream 1) and a second core layer signal (CL Input Stream 2).

The enhanced layer stream splitter 3110 splits the enhanced layer stream to generate a first enhanced layer split signal (EL Input Stream 1) and a second enhanced layer split signal (EL Input Stream 2).

The first and second core layer BICM units 3121 and 3124 and the first and second enhanced layer BICM units 3122 and 3123 may be any one of the BICM units 310 and 320 shown in FIG. 3, respectively. .

The injection level controllers 3131 and 3132 may each be the injection level controller 330 shown in FIG. 3 .

The combiner 3141 generates a first multiplexed signal corresponding to the first enhanced layer split signal (EL Input Stream 1). The combiner 3142 generates a second multiplexed signal corresponding to the second enhanced layer split signal (EL Input Stream 2). The couplers 3141 and 3142 may each be the coupler 340 shown in FIG. 3 . The combiner 3141 may generate the first multiplexed signal by combining the first core layer signal and the first enhanced layer split signal at different power levels. The combiner 3142 may generate the second multiplexed signal by combining the second core layer signal and the second enhanced layer split signal at different power levels.

The power normalizer 3151 lowers the power of the first multiplexed signal to the power corresponding to the first core layer signal. The power normalizer 3152 lowers the power of the second multiplexed signal to the power corresponding to the second core layer signal. The power normalizers 3152 and 3153 may each be the power normalizer 345 shown in FIG. 3 .

The cell exchanger 3420 receives the output signals of the power normalizers 3151 and 3152 and distributes the odd and even cells.

The time interleaver 3161 generates a first time interleaved signal corresponding to the first enhanced layer split signal. The time interleaver 3162 generates a second time interleaved signal corresponding to the second enhanced layer split signal. The time interleavers 3161 and 3162 may each be the time interleaver 360 shown in FIG. 3 .

The frame builders 3171 and 3172 may each be the frame builder 370 shown in FIG. 3 .

The frequency interleavers 3181 and 3182 and the pilot pattern inserters 3191 and 3192 have already been described.

The OFDM transmitter 3115 transmits a signal corresponding to the first time interleaved signal using the OFDM communication method. The OFDM transmitter 3116 transmits a signal corresponding to the second time interleaved signal using the OFDM communication method. OFDM transmitters 3115 and 3116 may each be the OFDM transmitter shown in FIG. 1 .

At this time, OFDM transmitters 3115 and 3116 may use the same frequency band.

In the example shown in FIG. 34, unlike the example shown in FIG. 31, the core layer sub-streams are no longer independent and form part of one divided stream. In this case, two stream splitters (one for each hierarchical stream) are needed. Cell exchanger 3420 is responsible for uniform distribution of CL+EL cells.

Figure 35 is a block diagram showing a mobile broadcast signal receiver according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figure 35, it can be seen that the mobile receiver must implement two tuners. To obtain the core layer stream, a cell re-exchanger is used.

Figure 36 is a block diagram showing a fixed broadcast signal receiver according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 36, a fixed broadcast signal receiver according to another embodiment of the present invention includes OFDM receivers (3311 and 3312), channel estimators (3321 and 3322), time deinterleavers (3331 and 3332), and a cell re-exchanger. (3610), core layer BICM decoders (3351, 3352), enhanced layer BICM decoders (3361, 3362), enhanced layer stream combiner (3370), and core layer stream combiner (3620).

The OFDM receiver 3311 receives the first received signal. OFDM receiver 3312 receives the second received signal. OFDM receivers 3311 and 3312 may each be OFDM receiver 133 shown in FIG. 1 .

The time deinterleaver 3331 generates a time deinterleaving signal by applying time deinterleaving to the first received signal. The time deinterleaver 3332 generates a time deinterleaving signal by performing time deinterleaving on the second received signal. The time deinterleavers 3331 and 3332 may each be the time deinterleaver 510 shown in FIG. 8 .

The cell re-exchanger 3610 performs cell re-exchange corresponding to the output signals of the time deinterleavers 3331 and 3332.

The core layer BICM decoder 3351 restores the first core layer signal (CL Output Stream A) from a signal corresponding to the first received signal. The core layer BICM decoder 3352 restores the second core layer signal (CL Output Stream B) from a signal corresponding to the second received signal. The core layer BICM decoders 3351 and 3352 may each be the core layer BICM decoder 520 shown in FIG. 8.

The enhanced layer BICM decoder 3361 restores the first enhanced layer split signal (EL Output Stream 1) based on cancellation corresponding to the first core layer signal. The enhanced layer BICM decoder 3362 restores the second enhanced layer split signal (EL Output Stream 2) based on cancellation corresponding to the second core layer signal. The enhanced layer BICM decoders 3361 and 3362 may each be the enhanced layer BICM decoder 540 shown in FIG. 8.

The enhanced layer stream combiner 3370 combines the first and second enhanced layer split signals (EL Output Stream 1 and EL Output Stream 2) to generate an enhanced layer stream.

The core layer stream combiner 3620 generates a core layer stream by combining the first core layer signal (CL Output Stream 1) and the second core layer signal (CL Output Stream 2).

At this time, OFDM receivers 3311 and 3312 may use the same frequency band.

The fixed broadcast signal receiver shown in FIG. 36 performs the LDM cancellation process twice to restore the enhanced layer. Additionally, the fixed broadcast receiver shown in FIG. 36 includes a second stream combiner for the enhanced layer compared to the mobile receiver shown in FIG. 35.

Figure 37 is an operation flowchart showing a broadcast signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 37, the broadcast signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention divides the enhanced layer stream to generate a first enhanced layer split signal and a second enhanced layer split signal (S3710).

In addition, the broadcast signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention generates a first multiplexed signal and a second multiplexed signal corresponding to the first enhanced layer split signal and the second enhanced layer split signal ( S3720).

In addition, the broadcast signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes powers of the first multiplexed signal and the second multiplexed signal, powers corresponding to the first core layer signal and the second core layer signal. Lower it to (S3730).

In addition, the broadcast signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first time interleaved signal corresponding to the first enhanced layer split signal and a second time interleaved signal corresponding to the second enhanced layer split signal. Create (S3740).

In addition, the broadcast signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention transmits a signal corresponding to the first time interleaved signal and a signal corresponding to the second time interleaved signal using an OFDM communication method (S3750) .

At this time, step (S3720) combines the first core layer signal and the first enhanced layer split signal at different power levels to generate the first multiplexed signal, and generates the first multiplexed signal and the second core layer signal and the second enhanced layer signal. The second multiplexed signal can be generated by combining the enhanced layer split signals at different power levels.

At this time, the first core layer signal and the second core layer signal may be independent from each other.

Although not shown in FIG. 37, the broadcast signal transmission method may further include receiving the output signals of step S3730 and distributing the odd and even cells.

Although not shown in FIG. 37, the broadcast signal transmission method may further include dividing a core layer stream to generate the first core layer signal and the second core layer signal.

At this time, step S3750 may use the same frequency band.

In channel bonding, data from one PLP connection is spread over two or more different RF channels. At this time, channel bonding may be used to increase the service data rate, but may also be used to utilize frequency diversity between multiple RF channels. A plurality of RF channels used for channel bonding may or may not be located at adjacent channel frequencies.

Figure 38 is a block diagram showing an example of a broadcast signal transmission device to which channel bonding is applied.

Referring to FIG. 38, the broadcast signal transmission device includes an input formatting unit 3810, a stream distributor 3820, BICM units 3831 and 3832, framing/interleaving units 3841 and 3842, and waveform generators 3851 and 3852. ) includes. When SNR averaging channel bonding is applied, the broadcast signal transmission device may further include a cell exchanger (3860).

Although only the structure of the transmitting device is shown in FIG. 38, the receiving device corresponding to the transmitting device of FIG. 38 can also be clearly explained from the structure shown in FIG. 38.

The input formatting unit 3810 generates baseband packets corresponding to a plurality of packet types using data corresponding to one physical layer pipe.

The baseband packet generation and BB header insertion operations of the input formatting unit 3810 have already been described above. At this time, the extension field of the baseband packet header can be used as a counter to accurately reorder baseband packets transmitted through different RF channels at the receiver.

At this time, packet types may correspond 1:1 to RF channels to which channel bonding is performed. That is, the packet type may be used to distinguish packets transmitted through different RF channels. At this time, the baseband packet corresponding to a specific packet type may have the same or different length from the baseband packet corresponding to another packet type. For example, the packet type can be distinguished by the combination of the RF channel identifier (L1D_rf_id) and the physical layer pipe identifier (L1D_plp_id).

At this time, the input formatting unit 3810 uses the baseband packet length corresponding to the BICM parameters for one of the RF channels (RF Channel 1, RF Channel 2) to create a packet corresponding to one of the plurality of packet types. Baseband packets can be generated.

At this time, BICM parameters may include one or more of an FEC type parameter, code rate parameter, and modulation parameter corresponding to one of the RF channels.

At this time, the FEC type parameter (L1D_plp_fec_type) is a 4-bit parameter and may indicate a forward error correction method.

For example, if L1D_plp_fec_type is "0000", it indicates that BCH and 16200 LDPC are used as the forward error correction method, if L1D_plp_fec_type is "0001", it indicates that BCH and 64800 LDPC are used as the forward error correction method, and if L1D_plp_fec_type is "0010", it indicates that BCH and 64800 LDPC are used as the forward error correction method. " indicates that CRC and 16200 LDPC are used as the forward error correction method, if L1D_plp_fec_type is "0011", it indicates that CRC and 64800 LDPC are used as the forward error correction method, and if L1D_plp_fec_type is "0100", only 16200 LDPC is used as the forward error correction method. It indicates that it is used as a correction method, and when L1D_plp_fec_type is "0101", it can indicate that only 64800 LDPC is used as a forward error correction method.

At this time, BCH represents Bose, Chaudhuri, and Hocquenghem, CRC represents Cyclic Redundancy Check, and LDPC represents Low-Density Parity Check.

At this time, the code rate parameter (L1D_plp_code) may be a 4-bit parameter indicating the code rate.

For example, if L1D_plp_code is "0000", you will get code rate 2/15, if L1D_plp_code is "0000", you will get code rate 2/15, if L1D_plp_code is "0001", you will get code rate 3/15, and if L1D_plp_code is "0010", you will get code rate 2/15. ", code rate 4/15 if L1D_plp_code is "0011", code rate 6/15 if L1D_plp_code is "0100", code rate 7/15 if L1D_plp_code is "0101". , code rate 8/15 if L1D_plp_code is "0110", code rate 9/15 if L1D_plp_code is "0111", code rate 10/15 if L1D_plp_code is "1000", code rate 10/15 if L1D_plp_code is "1001". If L1D_plp_code is "1010", it can indicate code rate 11/15, if L1D_plp_code is "1010", code rate 12/15, and if L1D_plp_code is "1011", code rate 13/15.

At this time, the modulation parameter (L1D_plp_mod) may be a 4-bit parameter indicating the modulation method.

For example, QPSK if L1D_plp_mod is "0000", 16QAM-NUC if L1D_plp_mod is "0001", 64QAM-NUC if L1D_plp_mod is "0010", 256QAM-NUC if L1D_plp_mod is "0011", If L1D_plp_mod is "0100", it can represent 1024QAM-NUC, and if L1D_plp_mod is "0101", it can represent 4096QAM-NUC. At this time, QPSK stands for Quadrature Phase Shift Keying, QAM stands for Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, and NUC stands for Non-Uniform Constellation.

Stream distributor 3820 partitions the baseband packets into a plurality of partitioned streams corresponding to the plurality of packet types. The stream distributor 3820 has already been described above through Figures 26 and 28. At this time, the partitioned streams are a combination of an RF channel identifier (L1D_rf_id) corresponding to one of the RF channels (RF Channel 1, RF Channel 2) and a physical layer pipe identifier (L1D_plp_id) corresponding to one physical layer pipe. ) can be identified by.

At this time, the input formatting unit 3810 determines the number of consecutive baseband packets (N _BBpacket ) for each of the packet types, and determines the number of consecutive baseband packets corresponding to each of the packet types. A number of baseband packets can be allocated consecutively.

At this time, the stream distributor 3820 may perform the partitioning using the number of consecutive baseband packets corresponding to each of the packet types.

At the output of the stream distributor 3820, the baseband packets of the bonded PLP for each of the two partitioned streams are individually FEC encoded, interleaved and modulated, Transmitted to other RF channels.

In particular, in plain channel bonding, after the stream distributor 3820, the two transmission chains operate without any interaction with each other. At this time, each RF channel may use different parameter settings (e.g., bandwidth, modulation, coding, FFT, guard interval length, etc.). Each RF channel is effectively treated as a standalone signal.

When bonded RF channels are configured with different BICM parameters for a channel bonded PLP, baseband packets for the channel bonded PLP have different lengths. You can have When generating a baseband packet for a channel-combined PLP, the input formatting unit 3810 must use the baseband packet length corresponding to the BICM parameters for the RF channel on which the baseband packet will be processed and transmitted.

At this time, the stream distributor 3820 can allocate up to five consecutive baseband packets to the same RF channel.

At this time, the baseband packets may include baseband packets corresponding to two or more different baseband packet lengths.

Each of the BICM units 3831 and 3832 performs error correction encoding, interleaving, and modulation corresponding to each of the plurality of partitioned streams. The BICM units 3831 and 3832 have already been described above through Figures 26 and 28.

At this time, the BICM units 3831 and 3832 may individually perform the error correction encoding, interleaving, and modulation for each of the plurality of partitioned streams.

A cell exchanger (cell exchanger) 3860 exchanges cells corresponding to the two RF channels (RF Channel 1 and RF Channel 2) shown in FIG. 38. The cell exchanger 3860 has already been described above through FIGS. 24, 26, and 28.

Each of the framing/interleaving units 3841 and 3842 performs framing and interleaving operations corresponding to two RF channels (RF Channel 1 and RF Channel 2). At this time, the framing/interleaving units 3841 and 3842 may include the TI block, framer block, and FI block described through FIG. 26 or FIG. 28, respectively.

Each of the waveform generators 3851 and 3852 generates RF transmission signals corresponding to each of the plurality of partitioned streams. At this time, the waveform generators 3851 and 3852 may include the PP block and OFDM generation described through Figure 26 or Figure 28, respectively.

FIG. 39 is a block diagram showing a case where the input formatting unit shown in FIG. 38 generates baseband packets for two PLPs.

Referring to FIG. 39, it can be seen that the input formatting unit 3810 shown in FIG. 38 generates baseband packets corresponding to two physical layer pipes (PLP0 and PLP1).

In Figure 39, K _payload indicates the length of the baseband packet. At this time, a parity bit is added to the bit string corresponding to K _payload to become an FEC frame.

K _payload of each physical layer pipe can be determined by the FEC type parameter (L1D_plp_fec_type) and code rate parameter (L1D_plp_cod) among BICM parameters. In general, each combination of the FEC type parameter (L1D_plp_fec_type) and code rate parameter (L1D_plp_cod) causes K _payload to vary.

However, when the CRC code is used as the outer code, K _payload may be the same for a different combination of the FEC type parameter (L1D_plp_fec_type) and the code rate parameter (L1D_plp_cod). That is, in general, the baseband packet length is different for different combinations of the FEC type parameter (L1D_plp_fec_type) and the code rate parameter (L1D_plp_cod), but when the baseband length is the same There may also be. For example, when CRC is used as the outer code, K _payload when the code length is 64800 and the code rate is 2/15 and the code length is 16200 and the code rate is When the rate is 8/15, the K _payload may be the same as 8608. For example, when CRC is used as the outer code, K _payload when the code length is 64800 and the code rate is 3/15 and the code length is 16200 and the code rate is When the rate is 12/15, the K _payload may be the same as 12928.

FIG. 40 is a block diagram showing a case where the input formatting unit shown in FIG. 38 performs channel bonding on two RF channels.

Referring to FIG. 40, it can be seen that the input formatting unit 4010 generates baseband packets corresponding to a plurality of packet types, and the stream distributor 4020 partitions the baseband packets by packet type. At this time, the packet type may indicate the RF channel through which the packet is transmitted. For example, if the packet type is different, the length of the baseband packet may vary, or the length of the baseband packet may be the same even though the packet type is different.

At this time, the baseband packets generated by the input formatting unit 4010 may include baseband packets of different lengths. For example, the baseband packet for the second RF channel and the baseband packet for the first RF channel may have the same length.

In the example shown in FIG. 40, the input formatting unit 4010 corresponds to the input formatting unit 3810 shown in FIG. 38, and the stream distributor 4020 corresponds to the stream distributor 3820 shown in FIG. 38. It could be.

When channel bonding is used, the input formatting unit 4010 can use the modulation parameter (L1D_plp_mod) as well as the FEC type parameter (L1D_plp_fec_type) and code rate parameter (L1D_plp_cod). At this time, the modulation parameter (L1D_plp_mod) can be used to ensure that the transmission cell rate of each RF channel is the same.

At this time, N _BBbacket may be the number of consecutive baseband packets for each RF channel. That is, N _BBbacket of each RF channel can be defined as the number of consecutive baseband packets for each RF channel in the output stream of the input formatting unit 4010. In the example shown in FIG. 40, N _BBbacket for the RF channel (RF0) may be 2, and N _BBbacket for the RF channel (RF1) may be 1. At this time, the ratio of N _BBbackets for the RF channel (RF0) and N _BBbackets for the RF channel (RF0) may be determined by the ratio of the code length x modulation order for each RF channel.

For example, if the code length of the RF channel (RF0) is 64800 and the modulation order is 2 (QPSK), and the code length of the RF channel (RF1) is 16200 and the modulation order is 4 (16QAM), the RF channel (RF0) and The ratio of N _BBbackets in the RF channel (RF1) may be 2:1. That is, N _BBbacket for RF0 : N _BBbacket for RF1 = 64800

In this way, if N _BBbacket for each RF channel is set to 2 and 1, as in the example shown in FIG. 40, the input formatting unit 4010 allocates two baseband packets for the RF channel (RF0) and then Repeat the operation of allocating one baseband packet for (RF1), allocating two baseband packets for the RF channel (RF0), and then allocating one baseband packet for the RF channel (RF1). .

If the stream distributor 4020 knows the ratio (2:1) of N _BBbackets for each RF channel, it extracts only the baseband packets for each channel from the output stream of the input formatting unit 4010 and generates BICM for each RF channel. It can be allocated appropriately.

In Figure 40, an example of setting the cell rates of two RF channels to be the same is given as an example, but when plain channel bonding is applied, N _BBbackets corresponding to each RF channel may be set regardless of the cell rate.

Figure 41 is an operation flowchart showing an example of a broadcast signal transmission method using channel bonding according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 41, the broadcast signal transmission method using channel bonding according to an embodiment of the present invention generates baseband packets corresponding to a plurality of packet types using data corresponding to one physical layer pipe ( S4110).

At this time, packet types may correspond 1:1 to RF channels to which channel bonding is performed.

At this time, step S4110 may generate baseband packets corresponding to one of the plurality of packet types using a baseband packet length corresponding to BICM parameters for one of the RF channels.

At this time, BICM parameters may include one or more of an FEC type parameter, code rate parameter, and modulation parameter corresponding to one of the RF channels.

At this time, step S4110 determines the number of consecutive baseband packets (N _BBpacket ) for each of the packet types, and determines the number of consecutive baseband packets corresponding to each of the packet types. Baseband packets can be allocated sequentially.

At this time, the baseband packets may include baseband packets corresponding to two or more different baseband packet lengths.

Additionally, the broadcast signal transmission method using channel bonding according to an embodiment of the present invention partitions the baseband packets into a plurality of partitioned streams corresponding to the plurality of packet types (S4120).

At this time, step S4120 may be performed using the number of consecutive baseband packets corresponding to each of the packet types.

At this time, step S4130 can allocate up to five consecutive baseband packets to the same RF channel.

At this time, partitioned streams can be identified according to a combination of an RF channel identifier (L1D_rf_id) corresponding to one of the RF channels and a physical layer pipe identifier (L1D_plp_id) corresponding to the physical layer pipe.

Additionally, the broadcast signal transmission method using channel bonding according to an embodiment of the present invention performs error correction encoding, interleaving, and modulation corresponding to each of the plurality of partitioned streams (S4130).

At this time, step S4130 may be performed individually for each of the plurality of partitioned streams.

Additionally, the broadcast signal transmission method using channel bonding according to an embodiment of the present invention generates RF transmission signals corresponding to each of the plurality of partitioned streams (S4140).

Figure 42 is a block diagram showing a broadcast signal transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 42, the broadcast signal transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a broadcast gateway device 4210 and a plurality of transmitters 4221, 4222, and 4223.

The broadcast gateway device 4210 transmits a broadcast transmission packet for a broadcast service to one or more of the plurality of transmitters 4221, 4222, and 4223. At this time, the broadcast transmission packet may be transmitted through a studio-to-transmitter link (STL). At this time, the broadcast transmission packet may be a Studio to Transmitter Link Transport Protocol (STLTP) packet.

At this time, the studio-to-transmitter link may be a data transmission/reception link between the broadcast gateway device 4210 and the transmitters 4221, 4222, and 4223 in the broadcast transmission system, and may be transmitted through fiber or satellite. Or it could be a microwave link. At this time, the studio-to-transmitter link may be a wired link or a wireless link, and may be a link in which data is transmitted/received using packet-based protocols such as RTP/UDP/IP.

Transmitters 4221, 4222, and 4223 generate broadcast signals to be provided to the receiver using broadcast transmission packets transmitted from the broadcast gateway device 4210, and transmit the generated broadcast signals to the receiver through the broadcast network. At this time, the transmitters 4221, 4222, and 4223 may be high-power transmitters or low-power transmitters such as gap fillers.

At this time, if a plurality of transmitters (4221, 4222, and 4223) are high power transmitters, broadcasters can use a dedicated network for a reliable studio-to-transmitter link. At this time, if a plurality of transmitters (4221, 4222, and 4223) are low-power transmitters for coverage extension, broadcasters may transmit broadcast transmission packets using a public network rather than a dedicated network. .

At this time, when the studio-to-transmitter link between the broadcast gateway device 4210 and the plurality of transmitters 4221, 4222, and 4223 corresponds to a public network, the cost is reduced compared to when a dedicated network is used. There are advantages, but reliability is inevitably low.

Therefore, even when the studio-to-transmitter link between the broadcast gateway device 4210 and the plurality of transmitters 4221, 4222, and 4223 corresponds to a public network, a technique that can guarantee reliability is needed.

For example, when a public network is used, redundancy can be provided by transmitting multiple identical broadcast transmission packets, or an error correction code (ECC) can be applied to the broadcast transmission packets.

For example, when the transmitter 4221 is an important high-power transmitter, broadcast transmission packets transmitted from the broadcast gateway device 4210 to the transmitter 4221 may be transmitted using a dedicated network. At this time, the broadcast transmission packet may be a multicast IP packet.

For example, when the transmitter 4222 is a less important low power transmitter or gap filler, the broadcast transmission packet transmitted from the broadcast gateway device 4210 to the transmitter 4222 uses a public network. It can be transmitted. At this time, the broadcast transmission packet may be a unicast IP packet.

At this time, redundancy may be provided to unicast IP packets transmitted using a public network to increase reliability, and an error correction code may be applied.

At this time, the broadcast transmission packet may correspond to the outer packet. That is, an inner packet can be generated by first encapsulating the baseband packet, preamble, and Timing & Management packet, and an outer packet can be generated using the inner packet, and this outer packet can correspond to a broadcast transmission packet.

That is, the inner packet is tunneled by the outer packet, the outer packet may be a tunneling packet, and the inner packet may be a tunneled packet.

At this time, the inner packet consists of a baseband packet, a preamble packet, and a Timing & Management packet, and may correspond to the inner layer of a tunneling system. At this time, the outer packet may correspond to the outer layer of the tunneling system. At this time, the inner packet can be encapsulated through the outer packet.

At this time, the tunneling system is a process by which a group of parallel and independent packet streams corresponding to the inner packet are carried within one packet stream corresponding to the outer packet. group of parallel and independent packet streams corresponding to the inner packet are carried within a single packet stream corresponding to the outer packet).

At this time, one or more inner packets may constitute an inner tunneled packet stream, and one or more outer packets may constitute an outer tunnel data stream.

When channel bonding is used, the broadcast gateway device 4210 shown in FIG. 1 may include an input formatting unit and a stream distributor for channel bonding. At this time, the input formatting unit may generate baseband packets corresponding to channel bonding. At this time, the stream distributor can allocate baseband packets (of channel-bonded PLP(s)) to two or more RF channels for channel bonding.

The broadcast gateway device 4210 must include a stream distributor for channel bonding so that each of the transmitters 4221, 4222, and 4223 can generate an appropriate broadcast signal for channel bonding and transmit it to the receiver.

Figure 43 is a block diagram showing an example of a broadcast signal transmission system to which plain channel bonding for a collocated transmitter is applied.

Referring to FIG. 43, it can be seen that two outer tunnel data streams (STL A and STL B) for channel bonding are transmitted from the broadcast gateway device 4310 to the transmitter 4320.

At this time, the transmitter 4320 may be a collocated transmitter. At this time, the collocated transmitter may include a plurality of RF transmission modules in one transmitter and transmit a plurality of RF transmission signals. That is, the collocated transmitter may include a plurality of physical layer chains.

For example, when plain channel bonding is used, the L1D_plp_channel_bonding_format field in the L1-Detail of the preamble is set to "00", and the bonded PLP's outer tunnel data streams are sent to two different RTP/UDP channels to be processed over two RF channels. /IP multicast (or unicast) protocols can be used.

At this time, if there is a PLP that is not channel bonded among the multiple PLPs being served, the broadcast gateway device 4310 does not perform stream partitioning and configures an RTP/UDP/IP multicast (or unicast) protocol through which the PLP will be delivered. can do.

In the example shown in FIG. 43, one transmitter 4320 may receive two outer tunnel data packet streams.

The broadcast gateway device 4310 may include an input formatting unit 4311 and a stream distributor 4313.

The input formatting unit 4311 generates baseband packets corresponding to channel bonding.

Stream distributor 4313 allocates the baseband packets to two or more RF channels for channel bonding. At this time, the baseband packets may be for generating an outer tunnel data stream. At this time, the outer tunnel data stream may be generated in different ways according to a plurality of operation modes for channel bonding.

The transmitter 4320 may include STL receivers 4321 and 4322, BICM units 4323 and 4324, framing/interleaving units 4325 and 4326, and waveform generators 4327 and 4328.

At this time, the STL receivers 4321 and 4322 receive an outer tunnel data stream transmitted through a studio to transmitter link (STL). At this time, the outer tunnel data stream may correspond to channel bonding.

The STL receivers 4321 and 4322 may extract an outer packet from the received outer tunnel data stream and extract a corresponding inner packet. To this end, the STL receivers 4321 and 4322 can extract RTP packet headers, etc.

The structure and operation of the BICM units 4323 and 4324, framing/interleaving units 4325 and 4326, and waveform generators 4327 and 4328 have already been described above.

Figure 44 is a block diagram showing an example of a broadcast signal transmission system to which plain channel bonding for a non-colocated transmitter is applied.

Referring to FIG. 44, it can be seen that the transmitters 4420 and 4430 each receive one outer tunnel data stream from the broadcast gateway device 4410. At this time, the transmitter 4420 may receive an outer tunnel data stream (STL A) for RF channel A, and the transmitter 4430 may receive an outer tunnel data stream (STL B) for RF channel B.

At this time, the non-colocated transmitter includes only one RF transmission module in the transmitter and can transmit only one RF transmission signal. That is, a non-collocated transmitter may include one physical layer chain.

The broadcast gateway device 4410 may include an input formatting unit 4411 and a stream distributor 4413.

The operations of the input formatting unit 4411 and the stream distributor 4313 have already been described above.

The transmitter 4420 may include an STL receiver 4421, a BICM unit 4423, a framing/interleaving unit 4425, and a waveform generator 4427.

The transmitter 4430 may include an STL receiver 4431, a BICM unit 4433, a framing/interleaving unit 4435, and a waveform generator 4437.

At this time, the STL receivers 4421 and 4431 receive an outer tunnel data stream transmitted through a studio to transmitter link (STL). At this time, the outer tunnel data stream may correspond to channel bonding.

The STL receivers 4421 and 4431 may extract an outer packet from the received outer tunnel data stream and extract a corresponding inner packet. To this end, the STL receivers 4421 and 4431 can extract RTP packet headers, etc.

In particular, in the example shown in FIG. 44, STL receiver 4421 receives an outer tunnel data stream (STL A) for RF channel A, and STL receiver 4430 receives an outer tunnel data stream (STL A) for RF channel B. B) is received, and the outer tunnel data streams (STL A, STL B) each include one inner tunneled packet stream group.

The structure and operation of the BICM units 4423 and 4433, framing/interleaving units 4425 and 4435, and waveform generators 4427 and 4437 have already been described above.

In the examples shown in FIGS. 43 and 44, the case where plain channel bonding is applied is taken as an example, but even when SNR averaging channel bonding is applied, the broadcast gateway device transmits the outer tunnel data stream as shown in FIGS. 43 and 44. can be generated and transmitted to the transmitter(s) (first mode).

When SNR averaging channel bonding is applied, the broadcast gateway device may need to repeatedly transmit the same outer tunnel data stream to transmitters for each of the RF channels. To prevent this, the outer tunnel data stream may be generated in a second mode, which will be described later.

Figure 45 is a block diagram showing another example of a broadcast signal transmission system to which SNR averaging channel bonding for a collocated transmitter is applied.

Referring to FIG. 45, it can be seen that only one outer tunnel data stream (STL) for channel bonding is transmitted from the broadcast gateway device 4510 to the transmitter 4520.

At this time, the transmitter 4320 may be a collocated transmitter. At this time, the collocated transmitter may include a plurality of RF transmission modules in one transmitter and transmit a plurality of RF transmission signals. That is, the collocated transmitter may include a plurality of physical layer chains.

For example, when SNR averaging channel bonding is used, the L1D_plp_channel_bonding_format field of the L1-Detail of the preamble is set to "01", and the PLP(s) processed through the two RF channels of channel bonding are divided into two inner tunnels. Packet stream groups can be used. At this time, the first inner tunneled packet stream group corresponding to the first RF channel can use ports 30000 - 30065, and the second inner tunneled packet stream group corresponding to the second RF channel can use ports 30100 - 30165. there is. At this time, these two inner tunneled packet stream groups can be delivered by one outer tunnel data stream.

For example, if L1D_plp_id = 1, one RF channel may use port 30001 for payload data, port 30064 for preamble, and port 30065 for timing and management data. Additionally, other RF channels may use port 30101 for payload data, port 30164 for preamble, and port 30165 for timing and management data.

For the collocated transmitter shown in Figure 45, the transmitter 4520 that needs to perform cell exchange after the BICM step can receive one outer tunnel data stream containing two inner tunneled packet stream groups. there is. Therefore, transmitter 4520 can use the port assignment of the inner tunneled packet stream group to identify a packet corresponding to one of the plurality of RF channels.

The broadcast gateway device 4510 may include an input formatting unit 4511 and a stream distributor 4513.

The transmitter 4520 may include an STL receiver 4521, BICM units 4523, framing/interleaving units 4525, waveform generators 4527, and a cell switch 4529, regarding the operation of each block. is the same as described above.

Figure 46 is a block diagram showing another example of a broadcast signal transmission system to which SNR averaging channel bonding for a non-collocated transmitter is applied.

Referring to FIG. 46, it can be seen that the transmitters 4620 and 4630 receive the same outer tunnel data stream from the broadcast gateway device 4610. At this time, the outer tunnel data stream may include an inner tunneled packet stream group corresponding to RF channel A and an inner tunneled packet stream group corresponding to RF channel B. Therefore, each transmitter can perform cell exchange using the port allocation of the inner tunneled packet stream group, and process only the cell data required after cell exchange through the selected RF channel.

In particular, in the case of the SNR averaging channel bonding transmitters 4620 and 4630 located in different locations (non-collocated), unlike the case shown in FIG. 46, the broadcast gateway device 4610 is connected to the transmitter 4620 and Different outer tunnel data streams may be transmitted for transmitter 4630. At this time, different outer tunnel data streams may each include two inner tunneled packet stream groups for cell switching.

For example, the outer tunnel data stream corresponding to RF channel A includes two inner tunneled packet stream groups for performing cell switching, and each inner tunneled packet stream group is port 30001 and port 30101 when L1D_plp_id=1. It can be divided into: At this time, the inner tunneled packet stream group corresponding to port 30001 includes a stream to be transmitted to RF channel A after cell exchange, and the inner tunneled packet stream group corresponding to port 30101 can be discarded after cell exchange. .

Likewise, the outer tunnel data stream corresponding to RF channel B includes two inner tunneled packet stream groups for cell switching, and each inner tunneled packet stream group is divided into port 30001 and port 30101 when L1D_plp_id=1. It can be. At this time, the inner tunneled packet stream group corresponding to port 30001 includes a stream to be transmitted to RF channel B after cell exchange, and the inner tunneled packet stream group corresponding to port 30101 can be discarded after cell exchange. .

Ultimately, the outer tunnel data stream including two inner tunneled packet stream groups that the broadcast gateway device 4610 transmits to the transmitter 4620 may correspond to STL A+B, and the broadcast gateway device 4610 The outer tunnel data stream, which includes two inner tunneled packet stream groups, transmitted to transmitter 4630 may correspond to STL B+A.

The broadcast gateway device 4610 may include an input formatting unit 4611 and a stream distributor 4613.

The transmitter 4620 may include an STL receiver 4621, BICM units 4623, framing/interleaving units 4625, waveform generators 4627, and a cell switch 4629, regarding the operation of each block. is the same as described above.

The transmitter 4630 may include an STL receiver 4631, BICM units 4633, framing/interleaving units 4635, waveform generators 4637, and a cell switch 4639, regarding the operation of each block. is the same as described above.

In the examples shown in FIGS. 45 and 46, the case where SNR averaging channel bonding is applied is taken as an example, but even when plain channel bonding is applied, the broadcast gateway device transmits the outer tunnel data stream as shown in FIGS. 45 and 46. can be generated and transmitted to the transmitter(s) (second mode).

In particular, when SNR averaging is applied as in the example shown in FIGS. 45 and 46, rather than allocating an outer tunnel data stream to each RF channel (first mode), two or more inner tunnel data streams are allocated to one outer tunnel data stream. It may be advantageous in terms of throughput to include packet stream groups (second mode). In particular, when non-collocated (two transmitters are installed at different locations) channel bonding transmitters to which SNR averaging is applied as shown in Figure 46 are used, each transmitter is one containing two inner tunneled packet stream groups. The outer tunnel data stream can be received. At this time, the two inner tunneled packet streams can be divided into data that needs to be transmitted through the RF channel after cell switching processing (port 30001) and data that does not need to be transmitted through the RF channel after cell switching processing (port 30101). In the case shown in FIG. 46, since two transmitters must each receive two inner tunneled packet stream groups, up to twice the STL throughput can occur compared to the collocated transmitter in FIG. 45.

As explained through FIGS. 43 to 46, when channel bonding is used, the broadcast gateway device may include a stream distributor that allocates baseband packets of the channel-bonded PLP(s) to two RF channels.

For channel bonding, STLTP packet stream generation from a broadcast gateway device can be performed in one of two operating modes. At this time, the two operation modes can be selected by the channel number field (number_of_channels) of the outer packet header.

For example, when the channel number field (number_of_channels) is set to '0' (first mode), the broadcast gateway device has one inner tunnel each corresponding to one RF channel, as shown in Figures 43 and 44. Two outer tunnel data streams can be created to transmit a group of packet streams. At this time, one outer tunnel data stream may include one inner tunneled packet stream group. At this time, the inner tunneled packet stream group may include preamble, timing and management, baseband packet, and security data streams required for one RF channel.

For example, when the channel number field (number_of_channels) is set to '1' (second mode), the broadcast gateway device has two inner tunnels, each corresponding to one RF channel, as shown in Figures 45 and 46. It is possible to create one outer tunnel data stream that transmits groups of packet streams. At this time, one outer tunnel data stream may include two inner tunneled packet stream groups.

When the channel number field (number_of_channels) is set to '1' (second mode), two inner tunneled packet stream groups can be identified by different port allocation. That is, one inner tunneled packet stream group may appear on ports 30000 - 30066, and another inner tunneled packet stream group may appear on ports 30100 - 30166.

The above-described first mode and second mode can be used for both plain channel bonding and SNR averaging channel bonding, respectively.

As described above, an outer tunnel data stream may be generated in different ways according to a plurality of operation modes for channel bonding.

At this time, the plurality of operation modes include a first mode in which one outer tunnel data stream is generated for each of the two or more RF channels and a second mode in which one outer tunnel data stream is generated for the two or more RF channels. Can include modes.

At this time, the outer tunnel data stream in the first mode may include one inner tunneled packet stream group for one of the two or more RF channels. At this time, the outer tunnel data stream in the second mode may include two or more inner tunneled packet stream groups for each of the two or more RF channels. .

At this time, the outer tunnel data stream is transmitted to the transmitter through a studio to transmitter link (STL) and corresponds to the outer layer of the tunneling system, and the inner tunnel data stream is transmitted to the transmitter through a studio to transmitter link (STL) and corresponds to the outer layer of the tunneling system. A packet stream group may correspond to the inner layer of the tunneling system.

At this time, the two or more inner tunneled packet stream groups in the second mode may use different port groups.

At this time, the two or more RF channels are two RF channels, and the first port group corresponding to ports 30000 - 30066 is used for the inner tunneled packet stream group corresponding to the first channel of the two channels, For the inner tunneled packet stream group corresponding to the second channel of the two channels, the second port group corresponding to ports 30100 - 30166 can be used.

At this time, the outer tunnel data stream may include an RTP header including a channel number field (number_of_channels) indicating the number of channels corresponding to the outer tunnel data stream.

At this time, the channel number field is a 2-bit field and may be set to '0' for the first mode and '1' for the second mode.

Table 3 below is an example of the header of an outer packet (broadcast transmission packet, tunneling packet).

Syntax No. of Bits Format RTP_Fixed_Header() { version (V) 2 '10' padding (P) One bslbf extension (X) One '0' CSRC_count (CC) 4 '0000' marker (M) One bslbf payload_type (PT) 7 '1100001' sequence_number 16 uimsbf timestamp 32 protocol_version 2 uimsbf redundancy 2 uimsbf number_of_channels 2 uimsbf reserved 10 for (i=0; i<10;i++) '0' packet_offset 16 uimsbf }

In Table 3, uimsbf represents unsigned integer, most significant bit first, and bslbf represents bit stream, left-most bit first. In the example of Table 3, the outer packet header corresponds to RTP_Fixed_Header(), and the sequence number field is sequence_number. Corresponds to , the redundancy field may correspond to redundancy, and the channel number field may correspond to number_of_channels.

At this time, the header of the outer packet in Table 3 may be a type of RTP header.

At this time, sequence_number can be used by the transmitter receiving the outer packets to identify redundancy packets, and can be incremented by one for each packet of an RTP stream.

At this time, redundancy may indicate the number of redundant streams of outer packets sent to the studio-to-transmitter link.

At this time, redundancy is a 2-bit field that can be set to one of four values: '0', '1', '2', and '3'. For example, when redundancy is set to '0', it indicates that there is no redundancy of the outer packet, and when redundancy is set to '3', it can indicate that there are 3 redundancies of the outer packet (a total of 4 identical packets are transmitted). .

At this time, number_of_channels is a 2-bit field and can be set to a value corresponding to the number of broadcast channels transmitted by the corresponding outer tunnel data stream.

When this field is set to '0', one outer tunneling stream may include one inner tunneled packet stream group. At this time, the inner tunneled packet stream group can use the port range 30000 - 30066. At this time, the inner tunneled packet stream group may consist of preamble, timing and management, baseband packet, and security data streams required for transmission of one RF channel.

When this field is set to '1', one outer tunnel data stream may include two inner tunneled packet stream groups. When this field is set to '1', the port range of one inner tunneled packet stream group (corresponding to one RF channel) is 30000 - 30066, and the port range of another inner tunneled packet stream group (corresponding to another RF channel) is 30000 - 30066. The port range of the packet stream group can be 30100 - 30166.

Figure 47 is an operation flowchart showing a broadcast gateway signaling method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 47, the broadcast gateway signaling method according to an embodiment of the present invention generates baseband packets corresponding to channel bonding (S4710).

In addition, the broadcast gateway signaling method according to an embodiment of the present invention is to generate an outer tunnel data stream that is generated in different ways according to a plurality of operation modes for the channel bonding, and the base Band packets are assigned to two or more RF channels for channel bonding (S4720).

At this time, the plurality of operation modes include a first mode in which one outer tunnel data stream is generated for each of the two or more RF channels; and a second mode in which one outer tunnel data stream for the two or more RF channels is generated.

At this time, the outer tunnel data stream in the first mode may include one inner tunneled packet stream group for one of the two or more RF channels.

At this time, the outer tunnel data stream in the second mode may include two or more inner tunneled packet stream groups for each of the two or more RF channels. .

At this time, the two or more inner tunneled packet stream groups in the second mode may use different port groups.

At this time, the outer tunnel data stream may include an RTP header including a channel number field (number_of_channels) indicating the number of channels corresponding to the outer tunnel data stream.

Additionally, the broadcast gateway signaling method according to an embodiment of the present invention transmits the outer tunnel data stream to the transmitter through a studio-to-transmitter link (STL) (S4730).

Figure 48 is an operation flowchart showing a broadcast signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figure 48, the broadcast signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention is transmitted through a studio-to-transmitter link (STL) and an outer tunnel data stream (outer tunnel) corresponding to channel bonding. tunnel data stream) (S4810).

At this time, an outer tunnel data stream may be generated in different ways depending on a plurality of operation modes for channel bonding.

At this time, the plurality of operation modes include a first mode in which one outer tunnel data stream is generated for each of the two or more RF channels; and a second mode in which one outer tunnel data stream for the two or more RF channels is generated.

Additionally, the broadcast signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention performs error correction encoding, interleaving, and modulation corresponding to one of two or more RF channels corresponding to the channel bonding (S4820).

Additionally, the broadcast signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention generates an RF transmission signal corresponding to one of the RF channels (S4830).

Figure 49 is a diagram showing a computer system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 49, a broadcast gateway device and/or a broadcast signal transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention may be implemented in a computer system 900 such as a computer-readable recording medium. As shown in Figure 49, computer system 900 includes one or more processors 910, memory 930, user interface input device 940, and user interface output device 950 that communicate with each other through bus 920. and storage 960. Additionally, the computer system 900 may further include a network interface 970 connected to the network 980. The processor 910 may be a central processing unit or a semiconductor device that executes processing instructions stored in the memory 930 or storage 960. Memory 930 and storage 960 may be various types of volatile or non-volatile storage media. For example, the memory may include ROM 931 or RAM 932.

As described above, the broadcast gateway device and the broadcast gateway signaling method according to the present invention are not limited to the configuration and method of the embodiments described above, and the embodiments are implemented so that various modifications can be made. All or part of the examples may be configured by selectively combining them.

34510: Broadcast gateway device
4511: Input formatting unit
4513: Stream Splitter
4520: Broadcast signal transmission device
4521: STL receiver
4523: BICMcattail
4525: Framing/Interleaving Boodle
4527: Waveform generators
4529: Cell changer

Claims (20)

delete delete an input formatting unit that generates baseband packets corresponding to channel bonding; and
To generate an outer tunnel data stream that is generated in different ways according to a plurality of operation modes for the channel bonding, the baseband packets are transmitted to two or more RF channels for the channel bonding. Contains a stream distributor that allocates,
The plurality of operation modes are
A first mode in which one outer tunnel data stream is generated for each of the two or more RF channels; and
A second mode in which one outer tunnel data stream for the two or more RF channels is generated,
The outer tunnel data stream of the first mode includes one inner tunneled packet stream group for one of the two or more RF channels,
Broadcasting, wherein the outer tunnel data stream in the second mode includes two or more inner tunneled packet stream groups for each of the two or more RF channels. Gateway device. In claim 3,
The outer tunnel data stream is transmitted to the transmitter via a Studio to Transmitter Link (STL) and corresponds to the outer layer of the tunneling system,
The broadcast gateway device, characterized in that the inner tunneled packet stream group corresponds to the inner layer of the tunneling system. delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete an STL receiver that receives an outer tunnel data stream transmitted over a Studio to Transmitter Link (STL) and corresponding to channel bonding;
a BICM unit that performs error correction encoding, interleaving, and modulation corresponding to one of two or more RF channels corresponding to the channel bonding; and
a waveform generator that generates an RF transmission signal corresponding to one of the RF channels,
The outer tunnel data stream is generated in different ways according to a plurality of operation modes for the channel bonding,
The plurality of operation modes are
A first mode in which one outer tunnel data stream is generated for each of the two or more RF channels; and
A second mode in which one outer tunnel data stream for the two or more RF channels is generated,
The outer tunnel data stream of the first mode includes one inner tunneled packet stream group for one of the two or more RF channels,
Broadcasting, wherein the outer tunnel data stream in the second mode includes two or more inner tunneled packet stream groups for each of the two or more RF channels. Signal transmitting device. delete delete delete delete generating baseband packets corresponding to channel bonding; and
To generate an outer tunnel data stream that is generated in different ways according to a plurality of operation modes for the channel bonding, the baseband packets are transmitted to two or more RF channels for the channel bonding. Including the step of allocating,
The plurality of operation modes are
A first mode in which one outer tunnel data stream is generated for each of the two or more RF channels; and
A second mode in which one outer tunnel data stream for the two or more RF channels is generated,
The outer tunnel data stream of the first mode includes one inner tunneled packet stream group for one of the two or more RF channels,
The outer tunnel data stream in the second mode includes two or more inner tunneled packet stream groups for each of the two or more RF channels. Gateway signaling method. delete delete

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