KR102598554B1 - Wear monitoring device for traction machine brake lining - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention has a simple configuration using an encoder to constantly detect and monitor the wear level of the brake lining of the traction machine, and when the detected wear level of the brake lining is outside the set range, an alarm is issued to induce correction work such as repair or replacement. This relates to a wear monitoring device for the brake lining of a traction machine that ensures safe operation by controlling the elevator car so that it does not operate if correction is not made even after that. When a brake signal is input from the input signal unit, the brake signal is input. The encoder signal input from immediately after the brake drum is stopped is calculated to calculate and display the sliding distance of the brake drum. If the calculated sliding distance falls within a dangerous movement distance that does not fall within the allowed setting range, an alarm signal is generated. It includes a control unit that does this.

Description

Wear monitoring device for traction machine brake lining}

The present invention relates to a wear monitoring device for the brake lining of a traction machine applied to lifting devices such as elevators and hoists. More specifically, the present invention relates to a device for monitoring the wear of the brake lining of a traction machine at all times through a simple configuration using an encoder, and to detect and monitor the degree of wear of the brake lining of the traction machine at all times, and to detect and monitor the wear of the brake lining of the traction machine at all times. If the wear level of the traction machine is outside the set range, an alarm is issued to guide correction work such as repair or replacement. If correction is not made, the traction machine brake lining ensures safe operation by controlling the elevator car not to operate. It relates to a wear monitoring device.

Generally, traction machines used in lifting devices such as elevators and hoists include an electric motor, a reducer, and a brake drum.

The electric motor transmits rotational force to the brake drum through a reducer.

The brake drum lifts a rope wound around a sheave to raise or lower an elevator car (or an object to be transported) connected to it.

In addition, a brake lining part is installed on the brake drum to provide braking force to the brake drum, and the initial state of the brake lining part is a state in which a brake shoe pressurizes the brake drum by a braking spring to brake the brake drum. .

Let's look at the operation of the traction machine configured in this way.

When power is supplied to the electric motor to operate (up or down) the elevator car (hereinafter explained based on the elevator), power is also supplied to the magnet core of the brake lining portion to release the braking action of the braking spring, thereby Allows the rotation axis to rotate.

Therefore, the brake drum and sheave rotate, and the rope and elevator car operate in conjunction with this.

Meanwhile, when the elevator car is stopped during operation, when the elevator car approaches the stopping position, the power to the electric motor is cut off and the power supply to the magnet core of the brake lining is also cut off, so that the elastic force of the braking spring is transmitted back to the brake shoe. The brake shoes stop the brake drum by pressing it, and in conjunction with this, the elevator car also stops.

In the operation of such traction machines and elevator cars, linings are attached to the brake shoes to maximize friction, and the gap between the brake drum and the lining must be a minimum distance within the specified value to maintain braking characteristics. This allows stable operation.

However, the lining wears out due to friction when used for a long period of time, and the wear of the lining gradually increases the gap between the brake drum and the lining, which causes the problem of reduced braking force.

Such a decrease (defect) in braking force causes the elevator car to stop outside of the designated position, and in severe cases, a problem occurs in which the elevator door cannot be opened.

In the case of cranes or hoists, there may be a risk of collision with other objects below.

In order to prevent such hazards, the traction machine can replace the lining depending on the condition of the brake lining or correct (adjust) the gap between the brake drum and the lining depending on the degree of wear of the lining. However, in reality, the manager must control the brake drum and the lining. It is not easy to visually check and determine the gap between the two, and if the correction period is missed, a dangerous accident as described above may occur.

Registered Patent Publication 10-0597523, Registered Patent Publication 10-1250030, Registered Patent Publication 10-2107289, Registered Utility Model Publication 20-0338103

The present invention is intended to solve the above problems. The purpose of the present invention is to constantly detect and monitor the wear level of the brake lining of a traction machine with a simple configuration using an encoder, and to provide an alarm when the detected wear level of the brake lining is outside the set range. The purpose is to provide a wear monitoring device for the brake lining of a traction machine that ensures safe operation by issuing a warning signal to induce correction work such as repair or replacement, and by controlling the elevator car not to operate if correction is not made.

The present invention for achieving this object includes a traction machine including an electric motor, a reducer, a brake drum, and a brake lining unit; An encoder that detects the rotation of the traction machine and outputs an encoder signal; An input signal unit that receives a brake signal from the brake drum from the elevator system main unit and transmits it to the control unit, or receives an encoder signal from the encoder and transmits it to the control unit; When a brake signal is input from the input signal unit, the encoder signal input from immediately after the brake signal is input until the time the brake drum is stopped is calculated to calculate and display the sliding distance of the brake drum, and the calculated sliding distance is A control unit that generates an alarm signal when the dangerous moving distance falls outside the permitted setting range; and a display and warning unit that displays the sliding distance of the brake drum or issues an alarm according to the dangerous moving distance according to the output of the control unit.

According to the present invention, the encoder is characterized in that it is mounted on any one of the rotation axis between the electric motor and the reducer, the rotation axis between the reducer and the brake drum, the rotation axis of the electric motor, and the rotation axis of the brake drum.

According to the present invention, the control unit uses a pulse signal, which is an encoder signal input from the encoder, to determine the vertical movement direction, movement distance (m), and speed (m/sevc) of the elevator car in real time.

According to the present invention, after the control unit issues an alarm according to the detection of the dangerous moving distance, if the sliding distance of the brake drum is again detected as a dangerous moving distance after a certain period of time, the control unit can stop the operation of the elevator car with the main device without an alarm. It is characterized by outputting a driving stop signal.

According to the present invention, a setting unit for inputting various setting values to the control unit and an output unit for transmitting an elevator car operation stop signal output from the control unit to the main device are further included.

As such, the present invention has a simple configuration using an encoder to constantly detect and monitor the wear level of the brake lining of the traction machine, and when the detected wear level of the brake lining is outside the set range, an alarm is issued to perform correction work such as repair or replacement. If correction is not made, the elevator car is controlled not to operate, providing the effect of ensuring safe operation.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an elevator system to which the present invention is applied;
Figure 2 is a detailed configuration diagram of the brake drum and brake lining part of Figure 1;
Figure 3 is a circuit block diagram of a wear monitoring device for traction machine brake lining according to the present invention;
Figure 4 is a control flow chart of the wear monitoring device of the traction machine brake lining according to the present invention;
Figure 5 is a signal timing diagram of the wear monitoring device for the traction machine brake lining according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the attached drawings.

First, it should be noted that when adding reference numerals to components in each drawing, the same components are given the same reference numerals as much as possible even if they are shown in different drawings. Also, in describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related known function or configuration may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description will be omitted.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an elevator system to which the present invention is applied, and Figure 2 is a detailed diagram of the brake drum and brake lining of Figure 1.

As shown, the elevator system to which the present invention is applied is,

A traction machine installed on the top of the upper frame 10 and driving the elevator car 60 by winding a rope 61 to which the elevator car 60 is connected on one side and a counterweight 62 is connected to the other side, and the elevator It includes a guide rail 70 that guides and supports the car 60, and a governor 80 connected with a governor rope 81 and a pulley 82.

The traction machine includes an electric motor 20, a reducer 30, a brake drum 40, and a brake lining unit 50.

The electric motor 20 transmits rotational force to the brake drum 40 through the reducer 30.

The brake drum 40 lifts the rope 61 wound around the sheave 41 and raises or lowers the elevator car 60 connected thereto.

A brake lining portion 50 is installed on the brake drum 40 to brake the brake drum 40, and the brake lining 50 is attached to the front end of the brake shoe 51 as shown in FIG. 2 (52). ) is installed, and in the initial state, the brake shoes 51 are attached to the rim 42 of the brake drum 40 by the structure of the magnet core and braking spring, not shown (not necessarily limited to this structure). It is configured to maintain the braking state by pressurizing.

On the other hand, when the electric motor 20 starts operating to operate the elevator car 60, power is supplied to the magnet core of the brake lining portion 50, and the braking action of the braking spring organically coupled thereto is released, thereby releasing the brake. The brake shoes 51 of the lining portion 50 are spread apart from the edge portion 42 of the brake drum 40, so that the brake drum 40 can rotate.

Accordingly, the brake drum 40 and the sheave 41 rotate, and the rope 51 and the elevator car 50 operate in conjunction with this.

In addition, the rotating shaft 21 of the electric motor 20, the rotating shaft 21 of the brake drum 40, the rotating shaft 21 between the electric motor 20 and the reducer 30, or the reducer 30 and the brake drum 40 ) The encoder 110 is mounted on any one of the rotation shafts 21 between.

The encoder 110 is a characteristic configuration of the present invention and detects the rotation of the rotation shaft 21 of the electric motor 20 and transmits the corresponding detection signal to the control unit described later.

The encoder 110 generates and outputs a pulse signal corresponding to the rotation of the electric motor rotation shaft 21, and the control unit uses the pulse signal input from the encoder 110 to determine the vertical movement direction of the elevator car 50 and Moving distance (m) and speed (m/sevc) can be determined in real time.

Figure 3 is a circuit block diagram of a wear monitoring device for a traction machine brake lining according to the present invention.

As shown, the wear monitoring device 100 of the traction machine brake lining according to the present invention,

It includes an encoder 110, an input signal unit 120, a control unit 130, a display and alarm unit 140, a setting unit 150, and an output unit 160.

The encoder 110 detects the rotation of the rotation shaft 21 of the traction motor 20 and outputs a pulse signal (hereinafter referred to as 'encoder signal') generated accordingly.

The input signal unit 120 receives the brake signal of the brake drum 40 from the elevator system main unit 200 and transmits it to the control unit 130, or receives the encoder signal from the encoder 110 and transmits it to the control unit 130. It is sent to .

When a brake signal is input from the input signal unit 120, the control unit 130 calculates the encoder signal input from immediately after the brake signal is input until the time the brake drum 40 is stopped, and operates the brake drum 40. ) Calculate the sliding distance.

The sliding distance of the brake drum 40 uses a moving distance annular constant calculated based on related data such as the RPM deceleration ratio of the electric motor 20, the number of bones of the rope 51, the diameter of the sheave 41, and the number of encoder pulses. , is calculated by applying the detected encoder signal (pulse).

The control unit 130 converts the calculated sliding distance into a number and outputs it to the display and alarm unit 140, making it possible to determine the status of the brake drum 40 whenever it stops.

The sliding movement distance can be divided into a safe movement distance and a dangerous movement distance.

The safe moving distance is such that immediately after the brake signal (falling edge signal) is input (t1), as shown in (a) of FIG. 5, the traction machine completely stops, that is, the brake drum 40 is completely stopped as shown in (b) of FIG. 5. This is a case where the distance to the stopping point (t2) falls within the safe moving distance (S1), which is the permitted setting range.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 2, there is no need to correct (adjust) the gap d between the brake drum 40 and the lining 52 of the brake lining portion 50 or replace the lining 52. It becomes a state.

On the other hand, the dangerous movement distance is a safe movement in which the distance from the point at which the brake drum 40 comes to a complete stop immediately after inputting the brake signal as shown in (a) of FIG. 5 is within the permitted setting range as shown in (c) of FIG. 5. This is the case where the distance (S2) exceeds the distance (S1).

In this case, the control unit 130 sounds an alarm through the display and alarm unit 140 to indicate that the sliding distance is the dangerous movement distance (S2).

Accordingly, the manager has the opportunity to correct the gap d between the brake drum 40 and the lining 52 of the brake lining portion 50 or replace the lining 52, as shown in FIG. 2.

In addition, the control unit 130 issues an alarm according to the detection of the dangerous movement distance (S2), and then, after a certain period of time, when the sliding distance of the brake drum 40 is again detected as the dangerous movement distance (S2), the control unit 130 activates the main device without an alarm. (200) outputs a stop signal to stop the operation of the elevator car (60).

In addition, the safety movement distance (S1) and the dangerous safety distance (S2) are set to the optimal state of the relevant traction machine, that is, between the edge portion 82 of the brake drum 40 and the lining 82 of the brake lining portion 80. Set and save the average data value obtained by repeating observation more than a predetermined number of times (e.g., 10 times) while optimally maintaining the gap.

The display and warning unit 140 displays the sliding distance of the brake drum 40 or issues an alarm according to the dangerous movement distance according to the output of the control unit 130.

The setting unit 150 inputs various setting values to the control unit 130, and the output unit 160 transmits the elevator car operation stop signal output from the control unit 130 to the main unit 200. .

The elevator system main unit 200 controls the electric motor 20 of the traction machine through the main control unit 210, drives the brake lining unit 80 through the brake driving unit 220, and controls the operation of the brake lining unit 80 through the electric motor driving unit 230. The electric motor 20 is controlled to operate or stop the elevator car 50.

The operation and operation of the wear monitoring device of the brake lining of the traction machine of the present invention configured as described above will be described with reference to the flow chart of FIG. 4.

First, when the electric motor 20 starts operating under the control of the main unit 200 to operate the elevator car 60, power is supplied to the magnet core of the brake lining portion 50 to release the braking operation of the braking spring. This allows the motor rotation shaft 21 to rotate.

Accordingly, the brake drum 40 and the sheave 41 are rotated, and the rope 61 and the elevator car 60 are operated in conjunction with this, and the encoder 110 installed on the rotation axis 21 of the electric motor 20 is the rotation axis ( 21) generates an encoder signal that detects the rotation and outputs it to the input signal unit (120) of the lining wear detection and monitoring device (100).

In the operation of the elevator car 60, when the elevator car 60 is stopped, the main device 200 cuts off the power to the electric motor 20 and simultaneously operates the brake lining portion 50 through the brake drive unit 220. By cutting off the power supply to the magnet core, the elastic force of the braking spring is restored, and the lining 52 presses the rim 52 of the brake drum 40 through the brake shoe 51, stopping the brake drum 40. and in conjunction with this, the elevator car 60 is also stopped.

During such a stop operation, the brake signal output from the main control unit 210 of the main device 200 to the brake driver 220 is a falling edge signal where the power is turned off at time t1, as shown in (a) of Figure 5. The brake signal is input to the control unit 130 through the input signal unit 120.

When the brake signal is input from the input signal unit 120 (step S11), the control unit 130 counts the encoder signal input from the encoder 110 immediately after the brake signal is input (step S12).

Afterwards, when the encoder signal is no longer input (step S13), the control unit 130 determines that the brake drum 40 is stopped and calculates the encoder signal input until the brake drum 40 is stopped. Calculate the sliding distance of the brake drum 40 (step S14).

The control unit 130 determines whether the distance from the brake drum 40 to the point in time when the brake drum 40 completely stops (t2) is the safe movement distance (S1), as shown in (b) of FIG. 5 immediately after the brake signal is input (t1). .(step S15).

If the sliding distance is determined to be a safe moving distance, the control unit 130 converts the calculated sliding distance into a number and outputs it to the display and alarm unit 140, and the program returns.

On the other hand, if the sliding distance is determined to be a dangerous movement distance (S2) as shown in (c) of FIG. 5 rather than a safe movement distance in step (S15) (step S16), the control unit 130 operates the display and alarm unit 140. It displays the distance and at the same time sounds an alarm sound indicating that the sliding distance is the dangerous moving distance (S2). (Step S18)

Therefore, the manager has the opportunity to correct (adjust) the gap d between the brake drum 40 and the lining 52 of the brake lining portion 50 or replace the lining 52, as shown in FIG. have it

After a certain period of time has elapsed (step S19) after the alarm in step S18 is generated, the control unit 130 detects the sliding distance of the brake drum 40 according to the operation of the elevator car 60, and determines this distance. When it is determined to be the dangerous moving distance (S2) again (at S20), the control unit 130 operates the elevator car 50 to the main control unit 210 of the host device 200 through the output unit 160 without an alarm. A stop signal is output to stop the operation of the elevator car 60 (step S21).

As described above, the present invention has a simple configuration using an encoder to constantly detect and monitor the wear level of the brake lining of the traction machine, and when the detected wear level of the brake lining is outside the set range, an alarm is issued to perform corrections such as repair or replacement. This has the effect of ensuring safety by stopping operation if correction is not possible.

Although limited embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should note that the present invention is not limited thereto and various embodiments are expected.

20: electric motor 21: rotation shaft
30: reducer 40: brake drum
41: Sheave 42: Edge portion
50: Brake lining part
51: brake shoe 52: lining
60: elevator car
100: Lining wear monitoring device
110: Encoder 120: Input signal unit
130: Control unit 140: Display and alarm unit
150: Setting unit 160: Output unit
200: main panel 210: main control unit
220: brake driving unit

Claims (5)

A traction machine including an electric motor, a reducer, a brake drum, and a brake lining unit;
An encoder that detects the rotation of the traction machine and outputs an encoder signal;
An input signal unit that receives a brake signal from the brake drum from the elevator system main unit and transmits it to the control unit, or receives an encoder signal from the encoder and transmits it to the control unit;
When a brake signal is input from the input signal unit, the encoder signal input from immediately after the brake signal is input until the time the brake drum is stopped is calculated to calculate and display the sliding distance of the brake drum, and the calculated sliding distance is A control unit that generates an alarm signal when the dangerous moving distance falls outside the permitted setting range; and
A display and warning unit that displays the sliding distance of the brake drum or issues an alarm according to the dangerous movement distance according to the output of the control unit,
The control unit issues an alarm according to the detection of the dangerous moving distance, and then, after a certain period of time, if the sliding distance of the brake drum is again detected as a dangerous moving distance, the control unit issues an operation stop signal that can stop the operation of the elevator car with the main device without an alarm. A wear monitoring device for traction machine brake linings, characterized in that output.
In claim 1,
The encoder is mounted on any one of the rotation axis between the electric motor and the reducer, the rotation axis between the reducer and the brake drum, the rotation axis of the electric motor, and the rotation axis of the brake drum. A wear monitoring device for traction machine brake linings.
In claim 1,
The control unit uses a pulse signal, which is an encoder signal input from the encoder, to determine the vertical movement direction, movement distance (m), and speed (m/sevc) of the elevator car in real time. Surveillance device.
delete In claim 1,
A wear monitoring device for a traction machine brake lining, characterized in that it further includes a setting unit for inputting various setting values to the control unit, and an output unit for transmitting an elevator car operation stop signal output from the control unit to the main device.

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