KR102547207B1 - 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름, 그 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 스마트 윈도우 - Google Patents
역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름, 그 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 스마트 윈도우 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR102547207B1 KR102547207B1 KR1020210046290A KR20210046290A KR102547207B1 KR 102547207 B1 KR102547207 B1 KR 102547207B1 KR 1020210046290 A KR1020210046290 A KR 1020210046290A KR 20210046290 A KR20210046290 A KR 20210046290A KR 102547207 B1 KR102547207 B1 KR 102547207B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- film
- liquid crystal
- smart window
- alignment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000004984 smart glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 329
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 176
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 56
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- -1 bicyclohexyl compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- UHESRSKEBRADOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl carbamate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.CCOC(N)=O UHESRSKEBRADOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003848 UV Light-Curing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cis-cyclohexene Natural products C1CCC=CC1 HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- KYKLWYKWCAYAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxotin;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Sn]=O KYKLWYKWCAYAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NZNMSOFKMUBTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1CCCCC1 NZNMSOFKMUBTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002668 Pd-Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 37
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 256
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 13
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000004983 Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WVIIMZNLDWSIRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylcyclohexane Chemical group C1CCCCC1C1CCCCC1 WVIIMZNLDWSIRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007755 gap coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 2
- 229920005596 polymer binder Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002491 polymer binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- SKRWFPLZQAAQSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N stibanylidynetin;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Sn].[Sb] SKRWFPLZQAAQSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten trioxide Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N (+)-borneol Chemical group C1C[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SGCGFUOYEVLOPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropyl) prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCC(O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 SGCGFUOYEVLOPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(O)COC(C)COC(C)CO LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004386 Erythritol Substances 0.000 description 1
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erythritol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- GCTPMLUUWLLESL-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 GCTPMLUUWLLESL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002981 blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- BSBCMEBZVMSTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol;hexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O.CCCCCC(O)O BSBCMEBZVMSTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- VFHVQBAGLAREND-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylphosphoryl-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)methanone Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(=O)P(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 VFHVQBAGLAREND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N erythritol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940009714 erythritol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019414 erythritol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005448 ethoxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007756 gravure coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- OHZZTXYKLXZFSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-I manganese(3+) 5,10,15-tris(1-methylpyridin-1-ium-4-yl)-20-(1-methylpyridin-4-ylidene)porphyrin-22-ide pentachloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Mn+3].C1=CN(C)C=CC1=C1C(C=C2)=NC2=C(C=2C=C[N+](C)=CC=2)C([N-]2)=CC=C2C(C=2C=C[N+](C)=CC=2)=C(C=C2)N=C2C(C=2C=C[N+](C)=CC=2)=C2N=C1C=C2 OHZZTXYKLXZFSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005394 methallyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoyloxy prop-2-eneperoxoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OOOC(=O)C=C KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000007348 radical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungstate Chemical compound [O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13712—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering the liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/03—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/10—Printing inks based on artificial resins
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133553—Reflecting elements
- G02F1/133555—Transflectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13731—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a field-induced phase transition
- G02F1/13737—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a field-induced phase transition in liquid crystals doped with a pleochroic dye
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13775—Polymer-stabilized liquid crystal layers
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
도 1b는 PDLC 액정 필름을 적용한 스마트 윈도우에 전압을 인가하였을 때와 인가하지 않았을 때의 모습을 각각 촬영한 사진이다.
도 2a는 본 발명의 바람직한 일실시예에 따른 PNLC 액정 필름을 포함하는 스마트 윈도우 필름에 전압을 인가하였을 때와 인가하지 않았을 때 광 투과 또는 불투과가 일어나는 원리를 개략적으로 도시한다.
도 2b는 본 발명의 바람직한 일실시예에 따른 스마트 윈도우 필름을 부착한 스마트 윈도우에 전압을 인가 또는 인가하지 않았을 때의 모습을 촬영한 사진이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 바람직한 일실시예에 따른 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름의 층상 구조를 개략적으로 나타낸 도면이다.
도 4는 본 발명의 바람직한 일실시예에 따른 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름의 제조공정 중 배향막의 코팅 공정의 수행 방법을 개략적으로 나타낸 도면이다.
도 5는 본 발명의 바람직한 일실시예에 따른 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우의 제조공정 중 라미네이트 및 경화 공정을 수행하는 방법을 개략적으로 나타낸 도면이다.
구분 | 액정/고분자 중량비 |
액정 종류 |
UV 조도 (mW/cm2) |
액정층 두께 (㎛) |
배향막 두께 (nm) |
저방사필름 유무 |
실시예 1 | 45:55 | NVJ-71 | 2 | 10 | 150 | ○ |
실시예 2 | 35:65 | NVJ-71 | 2 | 10 | 150 | ○ |
실시예 3 | 50:50 | NVJ-71 | 2 | 10 | 150 | ○ |
실시예 4 | 55:45 | NVJ-71 | 2 | 10 | 150 | ○ |
실시예 5 | 60:40 | NVJ-71 | 2 | 10 | 150 | ○ |
실시예 6 | 50:50 | NVJ-71 | 5 | 10 | 150 | ○ |
실시예 7 | 50:50 | NVJ-71 | 7.5 | 10 | 150 | ○ |
실시예 8 | 50:50 | NVJ-71 | 10 | 10 | 150 | ○ |
실시예 9 | 50:50 | NVJ-71 | 14.5 | 10 | 150 | ○ |
실시예 10 | 50:50 | NVJ-71 | 2 | 5 | 150 | ○ |
실시예 11 | 50:50 | NVJ-71 | 2 | 18 | 150 | ○ |
실시예 12 | 50:50 | NVJ-71 | 2 | 20 | 150 | ○ |
실시예 13 | 50:50 | NVJ-71 | 2 | 22 | 150 | ○ |
실시예 14 | 50:50 | NVJ-71 | 2 | 25 | 150 | ○ |
실시예 15 | 50:50 | NVJ-71 | 2 | 30 | 150 | ○ |
실시예 16 | 50:50 | NVJ-71 | 2 | 20 | 80 | ○ |
실시예 17 | 50:50 | NVJ-71 | 2 | 20 | 400 | ○ |
비교예 1 | 45:55 | NTJ-10 | 2 | 10 | - | ○ |
비교예 2 | 45:55 | NVJ-71 | 2 | 10 | 150 | × |
* NVJ-71는 액정 화합물로서 유전율 이방성(Δε)이 -3.5, 굴절률 이방성(Δn)이 0.102이다. * NTJ-10는 액정 화합물로서 유전율 이방성(Δε)이 7.1, 굴절률 이방성(Δn)이 0.098이다. |
구분 | 방사율 (%) |
태양열 취득률 (%) |
점착력 (gf/inch) |
광투과율(OFF/ON) (%) |
헤이즈(OFF/ON) (%) |
실시예 1 | 0.13 | 0.26 | 7.8 | 78.1/8.3 | 7.0/95.3 |
실시예 2 | 0.13 | 0.26 | 7.7 | 78.4/78.9 | 6.6/84.1 |
실시예 3 | 0.13 | 0.26 | 4.2 | 77.8/16.2 | 10.2/90.9 |
실시예 4 | 0.13 | 0.26 | 2.6 | 71.6/26.2 | 20.0/82.9 |
실시예 5 | 0.13 | 0.26 | 0.8 | 58.8/27.7 | 39.1/80.7 |
실시예 6 | 0.13 | 0.26 | 8.3 | 81.1/5.6 | 5.6/98.7 |
실시예 7 | 0.13 | 0.26 | 9.2 | 81.6/6.3 | 4.7/97.6 |
실시예 8 | 0.13 | 0.26 | 11.9 | 80.9/9.8 | 5.1/92.9 |
실시예 9 | 0.13 | 0.26 | 19.8 | 77.8/9.5 | 9.3/93.7 |
실시예 10 | 0.13 | 0.26 | 5.3 | 82.3/20.1 | 3.2/78.9 |
실시예 11 | 0.13 | 0.26 | 7.6 | 76.4/10.1 | 10.2/94.0 |
실시예 12 | 0.13 | 0.26 | 7.2 | 77.0/9.8 | 8.6/95.9 |
실시예 13 | 0.13 | 0.26 | 7.2 | 73.8/8.1 | 12.9/96.5 |
실시예 14 | 0.13 | 0.26 | 9.6 | 65.7/24.9 | 28.6/82.5 |
실시예 15 | 0.13 | 0.26 | 12.3 | 43.6/50.7 | 52.9/72.3 |
실시예 16 | 0.13 | 0.26 | 7.7 | 88.6/7.9 | 11.2/87.2 |
실시예 17 | 0.13 | 0.26 | 7.9 | 68.1/4.7 | 16.2/94.4 |
비교예 1 | 0.08 | 0.18 | 7.7 | 6.5/88.1 | 91.6/10.8 |
비교예 2 | 0.21 | 0.44 | 7.6 | 78.4/9.1 | 89.6/9.1 |
100: 저방사필름부
110: 저방사필름기재층
120, 120': 금속 산화물층
130: 반사금속층
140: 보호층
200: 액정필름부
210: 액정필름기재층
220, 220': 전극층
230: 액정부
231, 231': 배향막
232: 액정층
240: 점착층
300: 제1 필름부
400: 제2 필름부
Claims (16)
- 순차적으로 제1 금속산화물층, 반사금속층 및 제2 금속산화물층을 포함하는 저방사(low-E)필름부; 및
상기 저방사필름부의 일면에 형성되고, 순차적으로 제1 전극층; 제1 배향막/고분자 수지 및 음의 유전율 이방성을 갖는 액정을 45:55 ~ 70:30의 중량비로 포함하는 액정 잉크의 경화물을 포함하는 액정층/제2 배향막을 순서대로 포함하는 액정부; 및 제2 전극층;을 포함하는 액정필름부;를 포함하되,
하기 조건식 1)을 만족하고, 하기 측정방법에 따라 측정한 배향막에 대한 액정층의 점착력이 10~100gf/inch인 것을 특징으로 하는 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름:
1) Ton<Toff
상기 조건식 1)에서, Ton은 상기 제1 전극층 및 제2 전극층의 사이에 80V 전압이 인가되었을 때의 상기 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름의 D65 표준광원에 대한 광투과율(%)을 나타내고, Toff는 전압이 인가되지 않았을 때의 상기 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름의 D65 표준광원에 대한 광투과율(%)을 나타낸다:
[측정방법]
상기 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름의 제1 배향막과 제2 배향막을 10mm/min의 속도로 180° 박리하여 배향막에 대한 액정층의 점착력을 측정한다. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 액정부는 순차적으로 제1 배향막, 액정층 및 제2배향막을 포함하되,
상기 제1 배향막 및 제2 배향막은 폴리이미드계 고분자를 포함하며, 각각 독립적으로 100~300㎚의 두께를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름은 하기 조건식 2) 및 3)을 더 만족하는 것을 특징으로 하는 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름:
2) 6 ≤ Toff/Ton ≤ 30
3) 3% ≤ Ton ≤ 15%
상기 조건식 2) 및 3)에 있어서, Toff는 전압이 인가되지 않았을 때의 상기 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름의 광투과율(%)을 나타내고, Ton은 상기 제1 전극층과 제2 전극층 사이에 80V의 전압이 인가되었을 때의 상기 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름의 광투과율(%)을 나타낸다. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 액정은 유전율 이방성(△ε)이 -6.0 ~ -1.0이고, 굴절률 이방성(△n)이 0.07 ~ 0.15인 것을 특징으로 하는 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름. - 제4항에 있어서,
상기 액정은 비시클로헥실(bicyclohexyl)계 화합물, 시클로헥실페닐(cyclohexylphenyl)계 화합물, 시클로헥센(cyclohexene)계, 시클로헥실카르복시산 에스터(cyclohexylcarboxylic acid ester)계, 디플루오르 페닐렌(difluoro phenylene)계, 비시클로 히드로카본 화합물 및 트리시클로 히드로카본계 화합물 중에서 선택된 하나 이상을 포함하고,
상기 고분자 수지는 방향족 우레탄 아크릴레이트계 올리고머, 지방족 우레탄 아크릴레이트계 올리고머, 및 폴리에스터 아크릴레이트계 올리고머 중 선택된 하나 이상의 올리고머; 및 아크릴레이트계 모노머, 에폭시계 모노머 및 실록산계 모노머 중에서 선택된 하나 이상의 모노머; 중 하나 이상의 중합으로 형성된 것으로서, 점도가 800~1500cPs인 것을 특징으로 하는 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름. - 삭제
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제1 전극층 및 제2 전극층은 각각 독립적으로 인듐주석화합물(indium tin oxide, ITO) 및 도전성 폴리머 중에서 선택된 1종 이상을 포함하고,
각각 독립적으로 면저항이 30~200Ω/□인 것을 특징으로 하는 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 반사금속층은 은-팔라듐-구리 합금(Ag-Pd-Cu alloy, APC)을 포함하고,
상기 제1 금속산화물층 및 상기 제2 금속산화물층은 각각 독립적으로 산화아연(ZnO) 25~45 중량% 및 산화주석(SnO2) 55~75 중량%을 포함하는 아연주석산화물(Zinc Tin Oxide, ZTO)을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 저방사필름부는 투명보호층 및 저방사필름기재층을 더 포함하고, 상기 액정필름부는 액정필름기재층을 더 포함하되,
각 층은 액정필름기재층, 제1 전극층, 액정부, 제2 전극층, 저방사필름기재층, 제1 금속산화물층, 반사금속층, 제2 금속산화물층의 순서로 구비되는 것을 특징으로 하는 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름은 전체 두께가 50~200㎛이며,
상기 저방사필름부와 상기 액정필름부 간의 두께비가 1:1~2.5인 것을 특징으로 하는 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름. - 삭제
- 액정필름기재층의 일면 상에 제1 전극층 및 제1 배향막을 순차적으로 형성한 제1 필름부; 및 저방사필름기재층 일면 상에 제2 전극층 및 제2 배향막을 순차적으로 형성한 제2 필름부를 준비하는 제1 단계; 및
상기 제1 필름부의 제1 배향막과 제2 필름부의 제2 배향막을 대향시키고 고분자 수지 및 음의 유전율 이방성을 갖는 액정을 포함하는 액정 잉크를 45:55 ~ 70:30의 중량비로 포함하는 액정 잉크를 상기 제1 배향막과 제2 배향막 사이에 도입한 후 라미네이트 및 경화하여 상기 제1 배향막과 제2 배향막 사이에 액정층을 형성하여 스마트 윈도우 필름을 얻는 제2 단계;
를 포함하고,
상기 스마트 윈도우 필름은 하기 조건식 1)을 만족하고, 하기 측정방법에 EK라 측정한 배양막에 대한 액정층의 점착력이 10 ~ 100gf/inch인 것을 특징으로 하는 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름의 제조방법:
1) Ton<Toff
상기 조건식 1)에서, Ton은 상기 제1 전극층 및 제2 전극층의 사이에 80V 전압이 인가되었을 때의 상기 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름의 D65 표준광원에 대한 광투과율(%)을 나타내고, Toff는 전압이 인가되지 않았을 때의 상기 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름의 D65 표준광원에 대한 광투과율(%)을 나타낸다:
[측정방법]
상기 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름의 제1 배향막과 제2 배향막을 10mm/min의 속도로 180° 박리하여 배향막에 대한 액정층의 점착력을 측정한다. - 제12항에 있어서,
상기 제2 필름부는 상기 저방사필름기재층의 일면 상에 순차적으로 제1 금속산화물층, 반사금속층 및 제2 금속산화물층을 형성하고,
상기 저방사필름기재층의 타면 상에 순차적으로 상기 제2 전극층 및 제2 배향막을 형성하여 제조된 것을 특징으로 하는 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름의 제조방법. - 제12항에 있어서,
상기 제2 단계에서 경화는 UV 경화인 것을 특징으로 하는 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름의 제조방법. - 제12항에 있어서,
상기 제2 단계는 1~10mW/cm2 강도의 자외선을 1000~5000초 동안 조사하여 경화를 수행하는 것을 특징으로 하는 스마트 윈도우 필름의 제조방법. - 창호; 및 상기 창호의 적어도 일면 상에 구비된 제1항 내지 제5항 및 제7항 내지 제10항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름;을 포함하는 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020210046290A KR102547207B1 (ko) | 2021-04-09 | 2021-04-09 | 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름, 그 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 스마트 윈도우 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020210046290A KR102547207B1 (ko) | 2021-04-09 | 2021-04-09 | 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름, 그 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 스마트 윈도우 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR20220140148A KR20220140148A (ko) | 2022-10-18 |
KR102547207B1 true KR102547207B1 (ko) | 2023-06-23 |
Family
ID=83803755
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020210046290A Active KR102547207B1 (ko) | 2021-04-09 | 2021-04-09 | 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름, 그 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 스마트 윈도우 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
KR (1) | KR102547207B1 (ko) |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR102019385B1 (ko) * | 2018-04-04 | 2019-09-06 | 영남대학교 산학협력단 | 스마트 글라스 |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8941788B2 (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2015-01-27 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Switchable window having low emissivity (low-E) coating as conductive layer and/or method of making the same |
WO2018016378A1 (ja) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-25 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 調光積層体及び調光積層体用樹脂スペーサ |
KR102081370B1 (ko) * | 2018-05-23 | 2020-04-23 | 주식회사 네패스 | 적외선 반사필름 및 이의 제조방법 |
KR102154513B1 (ko) | 2020-07-24 | 2020-09-10 | (주)베스트룸 | 투명도 및 시인성이 향상된 스마트 윈도우. |
-
2021
- 2021-04-09 KR KR1020210046290A patent/KR102547207B1/ko active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR102019385B1 (ko) * | 2018-04-04 | 2019-09-06 | 영남대학교 산학협력단 | 스마트 글라스 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20220140148A (ko) | 2022-10-18 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
KR102113225B1 (ko) | 스마트 윈도우 필름 및 이의 제조방법 | |
US9908306B2 (en) | Infrared shielding sheet, method for manufacturing the same, and use of the same | |
JP2010208861A (ja) | 調光窓材 | |
CN112379546B (zh) | 聚合物分散染料液晶材料、电致变色调光薄膜及制备方法 | |
EP3561584B1 (en) | Light control member, method for producing light control member, light control body and vehicle | |
WO2011155522A1 (ja) | 熱線遮蔽複層ガラス | |
CN109709704B (zh) | 调光玻璃及其制备方法 | |
KR20150086892A (ko) | 적외선 차단용 스마트 윈도우 | |
KR102296023B1 (ko) | 투과율 가변형 스마트 윈도우 필름 및 이의 제조방법 | |
EP2225593B1 (en) | Spd films and light valves incorporating overcoatings | |
AU2008331875B9 (en) | SPD films and light valves incorporating overcoatings | |
KR102547207B1 (ko) | 역방향 구동 스마트 윈도우 필름, 그 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 스마트 윈도우 | |
US8248546B2 (en) | Electronic blind and method for manufacturing electronic blind | |
JP2019191481A (ja) | 調光体 | |
US20220055351A1 (en) | Glazing comprising a switchable device, laminated structure and method for manufacturing of a glazing | |
US20150261021A1 (en) | Liquid crystal film having different reflecting region of light according to external environment condition and method for manufacturing the same | |
KR101741686B1 (ko) | 광학 구조체 및 이의 제조 방법 | |
EP4586003A1 (en) | Electrochromic element, method for manufacturing same, and window device including same | |
EP4506750A1 (en) | Polymer dispersed liquid crystal display with an improved angular haze for a sunroof | |
EP4506751A1 (en) | Polymer dispersed liquid crystal display with an improved afterimage | |
KR102214242B1 (ko) | 열관류율 및 차폐계수가 낮은 그린 스마트 유리. | |
TWI528048B (zh) | And a method for manufacturing the same | |
KR20250048246A (ko) | 조광 부재, 조광 부재의 제조 방법, 조광체 | |
KR20240040357A (ko) | 차열필름 및 이를 포함하는 가변 윈도우 | |
KR20240040868A (ko) | 전기 변색 소자 및 이를 포함하는 윈도우 장치 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PA0109 | Patent application |
Patent event code: PA01091R01D Comment text: Patent Application Patent event date: 20210409 |
|
PA0201 | Request for examination | ||
PE0902 | Notice of grounds for rejection |
Comment text: Notification of reason for refusal Patent event date: 20220628 Patent event code: PE09021S01D |
|
PG1501 | Laying open of application | ||
E90F | Notification of reason for final refusal | ||
PE0902 | Notice of grounds for rejection |
Comment text: Final Notice of Reason for Refusal Patent event date: 20221128 Patent event code: PE09021S02D |
|
E701 | Decision to grant or registration of patent right | ||
PE0701 | Decision of registration |
Patent event code: PE07011S01D Comment text: Decision to Grant Registration Patent event date: 20230329 |
|
GRNT | Written decision to grant | ||
PR0701 | Registration of establishment |
Comment text: Registration of Establishment Patent event date: 20230620 Patent event code: PR07011E01D |
|
PR1002 | Payment of registration fee |
Payment date: 20230620 End annual number: 3 Start annual number: 1 |
|
PG1601 | Publication of registration |