KR102523483B1 - 촉매 - Google Patents
촉매 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR102523483B1 KR102523483B1 KR1020177004888A KR20177004888A KR102523483B1 KR 102523483 B1 KR102523483 B1 KR 102523483B1 KR 1020177004888 A KR1020177004888 A KR 1020177004888A KR 20177004888 A KR20177004888 A KR 20177004888A KR 102523483 B1 KR102523483 B1 KR 102523483B1
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- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- iii
- group
- aryl
- heteroaryl
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- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- -1 heteroaliphatic Chemical group 0.000 claims description 157
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 145
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 116
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 115
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 72
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 50
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 46
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 46
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 44
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 34
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 28
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 28
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000004404 heteroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- ZWAJLVLEBYIOTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexene oxide Chemical compound C1CCCC2OC21 ZWAJLVLEBYIOTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical group [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- FWFSEYBSWVRWGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexene oxide Natural products O=C1CCCC=C1 FWFSEYBSWVRWGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 20
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 19
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphinate Chemical compound [O-][PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 19
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000005470 propylenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 16
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- WAEMQWOKJMHJLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese(2+) Chemical compound [Mn+2] WAEMQWOKJMHJLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000004474 heteroalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- DOUHZFSGSXMPIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxidooxidosulfur(.) Chemical group [O]SO DOUHZFSGSXMPIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004450 alkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000005110 aryl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- VWWMOACCGFHMEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicarbide(2-) Chemical group [C-]#[C-] VWWMOACCGFHMEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000005213 alkyl heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004419 alkynylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 claims description 11
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002993 cycloalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002879 Lewis base Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QMYYTRKPOYDXKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+](=O)S(=O)[N+]([O-])=O Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)S(=O)[N+]([O-])=O QMYYTRKPOYDXKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000007527 lewis bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002529 biphenylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C12)* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005549 heteroarylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002560 nitrile group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003375 sulfoxide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- BFGKITSFLPAWGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+) Chemical compound [Cr+3] BFGKITSFLPAWGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 58
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 102
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 46
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 32
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 28
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 description 19
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 9
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Chemical group C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 8
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical group CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactide Chemical compound CC1OC(=O)C(C)OC1=O JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229920000379 polypropylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 6
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000005553 heteroaryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- ARXKVVRQIIOZGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-butanetriol Chemical compound OCCC(O)CO ARXKVVRQIIOZGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- QMKYBPDZANOJGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QMKYBPDZANOJGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 150000002921 oxetanes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N putrescine Chemical compound NCCCCN KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 125000003718 tetrahydrofuranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000001412 tetrahydropyranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003837 (C1-C20) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004209 (C1-C8) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediol Substances OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1h-imidazole Chemical group CC1=NC=CN1 LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000005073 adamantyl group Chemical group C12(CC3CC(CC(C1)C3)C2)* 0.000 description 3
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzopyrazine Natural products N1=CC=NC2=CC=CC=C21 XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 3
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XLSZMDLNRCVEIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylimidazole Chemical group CC1=CNC=N1 XLSZMDLNRCVEIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004149 thio group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCTWTZJPVLRJOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-1H-imidazole Chemical compound CN1C=CN=C1 MCTWTZJPVLRJOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OEBXWWBYZJNKRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydropyrimido[1,2-a]pyrimidine Chemical group C1CCN=C2N(C)CCCN21 OEBXWWBYZJNKRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylsulfonylpiperidin-4-one Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)N1CCC(=O)CC1 RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- CPNGPNLZQNNVQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pteridine Chemical compound N1=CN=CC2=NC=CN=C21 CPNGPNLZQNNVQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003215 pyranoses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- USPWKWBDZOARPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazolidine Chemical compound C1CNNC1 USPWKWBDZOARPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridazine Chemical compound C1=CC=NN=C1 PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinazoline Chemical compound N1=CN=CC2=CC=CC=C21 JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006413 ring segment Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000005336 safety glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005920 sec-butoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003548 sec-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004759 spandex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004962 sulfoxyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrothiophene Chemical compound C1CCSC1 RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetralin Chemical group C1=CC=C2CCCCC2=C1 CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003536 tetrazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VLLMWSRANPNYQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiadiazole Chemical compound C1=CSN=N1.C1=CSN=N1 VLLMWSRANPNYQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGNGABUJMXJPIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiatriazole Chemical compound C1=NN=NS1 YGNGABUJMXJPIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BRNULMACUQOKMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiomorpholine Chemical compound C1CSCCN1 BRNULMACUQOKMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- IBBLKSWSCDAPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiopyran Chemical compound S1C=CC=C=C1 IBBLKSWSCDAPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003628 tricarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004205 trifluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)CCC2OC21 DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000004072 triols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QZQIWEZRSIPYCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trithiole Chemical compound S1SC=CS1 QZQIWEZRSIPYCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
도 1은 다양한 촉매들의 선택성을 나타낸다.
도 2는 다양한 촉매들의 활성을 나타낸다.
도 3은 도 2의 확대도이다.
Claims (74)
- 하기 화학식 I의 촉매:
[화학식 I]
상기에서:
M1 및 M2가 Zn(II), Cr(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Mn(II), Mg(II), Ni(II), Fe(II), Ti(II), V(II), Cr(III)-X, Co(III)-X, Mn(III)-X, Ni(III)-X, Fe(III)-X, Ca(II), Ge(II), Al(III)-X, Ti(III)-X, V(III)-X, Ge(IV)-(X)2 또는 Ti(IV)-(X)2 로부터 독립적으로 선택되고;
여기서 M1 또는 M2의 적어도 하나가 Ni(II) 및 Ni(III)-X로부터 선택되며;
R1 및 R2가 수소, 할라이드, 니트로기, 니트릴기, 이민, 아민, 에테르기, 실릴기, 실릴 에테르기, 설폭시드기, 설포닐기, 설피네이트기 또는 아세틸리드기, 또는 선택적으로 치환된 알킬, 알케닐, 알키닐, 할로알킬, 아릴, 헤테로아릴, 알콕시, 아릴옥시, 알킬티오, 아릴티오, 지방족고리 또는 헤테로지방족고리기로부터 독립적으로 선택되며;
R3이 치환된 알킬렌, 알케닐렌, 알키닐렌, 헤테로알킬렌, 헤테로알케닐렌, 헤테로알키닐렌, 아릴렌, 헤테로아릴렌 또는 시클로알킬렌으로부터 독립적으로 선택되고, 여기서 알킬렌, 알케닐렌, 알키닐렌, 헤테로알킬렌, 헤테로알케닐렌 및 헤테로알키닐렌이 아릴, 헤테로아릴, 지방족고리 또는 헤테로지방족고리에 의해서 선택적으로 중단될 수 있으며;
R5가 H, 또는 선택적으로 치환된 지방족, 헤테로지방족, 지방족고리, 헤테로지방족고리, 아릴, 헤테로아릴, 알킬헤테로아릴 또는 알킬아릴로부터 독립적으로 선택되고;
E1은 C이고, E2는 O, S 또는 NH이거나, 또는 E1는 N이고 E2는 O이며;
E3, E4, E5 및 E6이 N, NR4, O 및 S로부터 선택되고, 여기서 E3, E4, E5 또는 E6이 N인 경우, 는 이고, 여기서 E3, E4, E5 또는 E6이 NR4, O 또는 S인 경우, 는 이며; R4가 수소, 또는 선택적으로 치환된 지방족, 헤테로지방족, 지방족고리, 헤테로지방족고리, 아릴, 헤테로아릴, 알킬헤테로아릴 또는 알킬아릴로부터 독립적으로 선택되고;
X가 OC(O)Rx, OSO2Rx, OSORx, OSO(Rx)2, S(O)Rx, ORx, 포스피네이트, 할라이드, 니트레이트, 히드록실, 카르보네이트, 아미노, 니트로, 아미도 또는 선택적으로 치환된 지방족, 헤테로지방족, 지방족고리, 헤테로지방족고리, 아릴 또는 헤테로아릴로부터 독립적으로 선택되며;
Rx는 독립적으로 수소, 또는 선택적으로 치환된 지방족, 할로지방족, 헤테로지방족, 지방족고리, 헤테로지방족고리, 아릴, 알킬아릴 또는 헤테로아릴이고; 및
G는 부재하거나, 또는 루이스 염기인 중성 또는 음이온 공여체 리간드로부터 독립적으로 선택되는 촉매. - 제 1 항에 있어서, M1 또는 M2의 적어도 하나는 Ni(II)인 것인 촉매.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, M1 또는 M2 중 하나는 Ni(II) 및 Ni(III)-X로부터 선택되고, M1 및 M2의 나머지 경우는 Zn(II), Cr(III)-X, Cr(II), Co(III)-X, Co(II), Cu(II), Mn(III)-X, Mn(II), Mg(II), Ni(II), Ni(III)-X, Fe(II), Fe(III)-X, Ti(II), Ti(III)-X, V(II), V(III)-X, Ge(IV)-(X)2 및 Ti(IV)-(X)2로부터 선택되는 것인 촉매.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, M1 및 M2 모두는 Ni(II)인 것인 촉매.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, R3이 치환된 페닐레닐 또는 비페닐레닐 및 치환된 프로필레닐로부터 선택되는 것인 촉매.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, R3이 2,2-디메틸프로필레닐, -CH2CH(CH3)CH2-, -CH2C(CH2C6H5)2CH2-, -CH2CH2N(CH3)CH2CH2-, -CH2CH2CH(C2H5)- 또는 -CH2C(C2H5)2CH2-로부터 선택되는 것인 촉매.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, R3의 두 경우는 동일한 것인 촉매.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, E3, E4, E5 및 E6은 NR4인 것인 촉매.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, R4가 수소, 메틸, 에틸, 벤질, 이소프로필, t-부틸, 페닐 또는 -CH2-피리딘으로부터 선택되는 것인 촉매.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, R4의 각 경우는 동일한 것인 촉매.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, E3, E4, E5 및 E6은 동일한 것인 촉매.
- 제 11 항에 있어서, E3, E4, E5 및 E6은 NH인 것인 촉매.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, R1이 수소, C1-6 알킬, 알콕시, 아릴, 할라이드, 니트로, 설포닐, 실릴 및 알킬티오로부터 선택되는 것인 촉매.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, R1이 t-부틸 또는 트리에틸실릴로부터 선택되는 것인 촉매.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, R1의 두 경우는 동일한 것인 촉매.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, X는 OC(O)Rx인 것인 촉매.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, X가 OAc, O2CCF3 또는 O2C(CH2)3Cy로부터 선택되는 것인 촉매.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, X의 두 경우는 동일한 것인 촉매.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, Rx는 선택적으로 치환된 알킬, 알케닐, 알키닐, 헤테로알킬, 아릴, 헤테로아릴, 시클로알킬 또는 알킬아릴인 것인 촉매.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, Rx의 두 경우는 동일한 것인 촉매.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, R2 및 R5의 각 경우는 수소인 것인 촉매.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, R1의 두 경우는 동일하고, 또한 수소, 할라이드, 아미노, 니트로, 설폭시드, 설포닐, 설피네이트, 실릴, 실릴 에테르 및 선택적으로 치환된 알킬, 알케닐, 아릴, 헤테로아릴, 알콕시, 아릴옥시 또는 알킬티오로부터 선택되고; R2는 수소이며; R3의 두 경우는 동일하고, 또한 치환된 알킬렌 및 치환된 아릴렌으로부터 선택되며; E1은 C이고, E2는 O이며; E3, E4, E5 및 E6은 NR4이고; R4는 수소이며; 각 X는 동일하고, 또한 OC(O)Rx, ORx, 할라이드, 카르보네이트, 아미노, 니트로, 알킬, 아릴, 헤테로아릴, 포스피네이트 또는 OSO2Rx로부터 선택되며, 각 Rx는 동일하고, 또한 알킬, 알케닐, 알키닐, 헤테로알킬, 아릴, 헤테로아릴 또는 알킬아릴로부터 선택되며; 각 G (존재하는 경우)는 동일하고, 또한 할라이드; 물; 알킬, 알케닐, 알키닐, 알콕시, 할로겐, 히드록실, 니트로 또는 니트릴에 의해서 선택적으로 치환된 헤테로아릴로부터 선택되며; M1 및 M2 중 하나는 Ni(II) 또는 Ni(III)-X이고, 나머지 M1 또는 M2가 Mg(II), Zn(II), Cr(III)-X, Co(II), Co(III)-X, Mn(II), Ni(II), Ni(III)-X, Fe(II) 및 Fe(III)-X로부터 선택되는 것인 촉매.
- 제 22 항에 있어서, 나머지 M1 또는 M2가 Mg(II), Zn(II), Ni(II) 및 Ni(III)-X로부터 선택되는 것인 촉매.
- 제 23 항에 있어서, M1 및 M2의 두 경우는 Ni(II) 및 Ni(III)-X로부터 선택되는 것인 촉매.
- 제 22 항 또는 제 24 항에 있어서, R1은 수소, 할라이드, 실릴, 실릴 에테르, 설포닐 또는 선택적으로 치환된 알킬 또는 알콕시인 것인 촉매.
- 제 25 항에 있어서, G는 부재한 것인 촉매.
- 하기 화학식 Ib의 촉매:
[화학식 Ib]
상기에서:
R1의 두 경우는 동일하고, 또한 수소, 할라이드, 아미노, 니트로, 설폭시드, 설포닐, 설피네이트, 실릴, 실릴 에테르 및 선택적으로 치환된 알킬, 알케닐, 아릴, 헤테로아릴, 알콕시, 아릴옥시 또는 알킬티오로부터 선택되고;
R3이 치환 또는 비치환된 알킬렌, 알케닐렌, 알키닐렌, 헤테로알킬렌, 헤테로알케닐렌 또는 헤테로알키닐렌, 시클로알킬렌 또는 아릴렌으로부터 선택되며;
각 X는 동일하고, 또한 OC(O)Rx, ORx, 할라이드, 카르보네이트, 아미노, 니트로, 알킬, 아릴, 헤테로아릴, 포스피네이트 또는 OSO2Rx로부터 선택되고, Rx는 알킬, 알케닐, 알키닐, 헤테로알킬, 아릴, 헤테로아릴 또는 알킬아릴이며;
Rx는 알킬, 알케닐, 알키닐, 헤테로알킬, 아릴, 헤테로아릴 또는 알킬아릴이며;
각 G (존재하는 경우)가 할라이드; 물; 알킬, 알케닐, 알키닐, 알콕시, 할로겐, 히드록실, 니트로 또는 니트릴에 의해서 선택적으로 치환된 헤테로아릴로부터 독립적으로 선택되며; 및
M1 및 M2의 하나의 경우는 Ni(II) 또는 Ni(III)-X이고, M1 또는 M2의 나머지 경우는 Mg(II), Zn(II), Cr(III)-X, Co(II), Co(III)-X, Mn(II), Ni(II), Ni(III)-X, Fe(II) 및 Fe(III)-X로부터 선택되는 것인 촉매. - 제 27 항에 있어서, R1은 수소, 할라이드, 실릴, 실릴 에테르, 설포닐, 및 선택적으로 치환된 알킬 또는 알콕시인 것인 촉매.
- 제 27 항 또는 제 28 항에 있어서, R3은 치환된 프로필레닐, 프로필레닐, 및 치환 또는 비치환된 페닐레닐 또는 비페닐레닐로부터 선택되는 것인 촉매.
- 제 29 항에 있어서, R3은 2,2-디(알킬)프로필레닐인 것인 촉매.
- 제 27 항에 있어서, M1 및 M2 모두는 Ni(II)인 것인 촉매.
- 제 27 항에 있어서, X는 OC(O)Rx인 것인 촉매.
- 제 27 항에 있어서, Rx는 알킬인 것인 촉매.
- 제 27 항에 있어서, G는 부재한 것인 촉매.
- 하기 화학식 I의 촉매:
[화학식 I]
상기에서:
M1 및 M2가 Zn(II), Cr(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Mn(II), Mg(II), Ni(II), Fe(II), Ti(II), V(II), Cr(III)-X, Co(III)-X, Mn(III)-X, Ni(III)-X, Fe(III)-X, Ca(II), Ge(II), Al(III)-X, Ti(III)-X, V(III)-X, Ge(IV)-(X)2 또는 Ti(IV)-(X)2 로부터 독립적으로 선택되고;
여기서 M1 또는 M2의 적어도 하나가 Ni(II) 및 Ni(III)-X로부터 선택되며;
R1 및 R2가 수소, 할라이드, 니트로기, 니트릴기, 이민, 아민, 에테르기, 실릴기, 실릴 에테르기, 설폭시드기, 설포닐기, 설피네이트기 또는 아세틸리드기, 또는 선택적으로 치환된 알킬, 알케닐, 알키닐, 할로알킬, 아릴, 헤테로아릴, 알콕시, 아릴옥시, 알킬티오, 아릴티오, 지방족고리 또는 헤테로지방족고리기로부터 독립적으로 선택되며;
R3이 선택적으로 치환된 알킬렌, 알케닐렌, 알키닐렌, 헤테로알킬렌, 헤테로알케닐렌, 헤테로알키닐렌, 아릴렌, 헤테로아릴렌 또는 시클로알킬렌으로부터 독립적으로 선택되고, 여기서 알킬렌, 알케닐렌, 알키닐렌, 헤테로알킬렌, 헤테로알케닐렌 및 헤테로알키닐렌이 아릴, 헤테로아릴, 지방족고리 또는 헤테로지방족고리에 의해서 선택적으로 중단될 수 있으며;
R5가 H, 또는 선택적으로 치환된 지방족, 헤테로지방족, 지방족고리, 헤테로지방족고리, 아릴, 헤테로아릴, 알킬헤테로아릴 또는 알킬아릴로부터 독립적으로 선택되고;
E1은 C이고, E2는 O, S 또는 NH이거나, 또는 E1는 N이고 E2는 O이며;
E3, E4, E5 및 E6이 NR4, O 및 S로부터 선택되고, 는 이고;
R4가 선택적으로 치환된 지방족, 헤테로지방족, 지방족고리, 헤테로지방족고리, 아릴, 헤테로아릴, 알킬헤테로아릴 또는 알킬아릴로부터 독립적으로 선택되고;
X가 OC(O)Rx, OSO2Rx, OSORx, OSO(Rx)2, S(O)Rx, ORx, 포스피네이트, 할라이드, 니트레이트, 히드록실, 카르보네이트, 아미노, 니트로, 아미도 또는 선택적으로 치환된 지방족, 헤테로지방족, 지방족고리, 헤테로지방족고리, 아릴 또는 헤테로아릴로부터 독립적으로 선택되며;
Rx는 독립적으로 수소, 또는 선택적으로 치환된 지방족, 할로지방족, 헤테로지방족, 지방족고리, 헤테로지방족고리, 아릴, 알킬아릴 또는 헤테로아릴이고; 및
G는 부재하거나, 또는 루이스 염기인 중성 또는 음이온 공여체 리간드로부터 독립적으로 선택되는 촉매. - 하기 화학식 I의 촉매의 존재하에, 하기의 반응:
a. 이산화탄소 및 에폭시드;
b. 에폭시드 및 무수물(anhydride); 및/또는
c. 락티드 및/또는 락톤의 반응을 위한 방법으로서, 선택적으로 상기 방법이 사슬 이동제의 존재하에 실시되는 것인 방법.
[화학식 I]
상기에서:
M1 및 M2가 Zn(II), Cr(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Mn(II), Mg(II), Ni(II), Fe(II), Ti(II), V(II), Cr(III)-X, Co(III)-X, Mn(III)-X, Ni(III)-X, Fe(III)-X, Ca(II), Ge(II), Al(III)-X, Ti(III)-X, V(III)-X, Ge(IV)-(X)2 또는 Ti(IV)-(X)2 로부터 독립적으로 선택되고;
여기서 M1 또는 M2의 적어도 하나가 Ni(II) 및 Ni(III)-X로부터 선택되며;
R1 및 R2가 수소, 할라이드, 니트로기, 니트릴기, 이민, 아민, 에테르기, 실릴기, 실릴 에테르기, 설폭시드기, 설포닐기, 설피네이트기 또는 아세틸리드기, 또는 선택적으로 치환된 알킬, 알케닐, 알키닐, 할로알킬, 아릴, 헤테로아릴, 알콕시, 아릴옥시, 알킬티오, 아릴티오, 지방족고리 또는 헤테로지방족고리기로부터 독립적으로 선택되며;
R3이 선택적으로 치환된 알킬렌, 알케닐렌, 알키닐렌, 헤테로알킬렌, 헤테로알케닐렌, 헤테로알키닐렌, 아릴렌, 헤테로아릴렌 또는 시클로알킬렌으로부터 독립적으로 선택되고, 여기서 알킬렌, 알케닐렌, 알키닐렌, 헤테로알킬렌, 헤테로알케닐렌 및 헤테로알키닐렌이 아릴, 헤테로아릴, 지방족고리 또는 헤테로지방족고리에 의해서 선택적으로 중단될 수 있으며;
R5가 H, 또는 선택적으로 치환된 지방족, 헤테로지방족, 지방족고리, 헤테로지방족고리, 아릴, 헤테로아릴, 알킬헤테로아릴 또는 알킬아릴로부터 독립적으로 선택되고;
E1은 C이고, E2는 O, S 또는 NH이거나, 또는 E1는 N이고 E2는 O이며;
E3, E4, E5 및 E6이 N, NR4, O 및 S로부터 선택되고, 여기서 E3, E4, E5 또는 E6이 N인 경우, 는 이고, 여기서 E3, E4, E5 또는 E6이 NR4, O 또는 S인 경우, 는 이며; R4가 수소, 또는 선택적으로 치환된 지방족, 헤테로지방족, 지방족고리, 헤테로지방족고리, 아릴, 헤테로아릴, 알킬헤테로아릴 또는 알킬아릴로부터 독립적으로 선택되고;
X가 OC(O)Rx, OSO2Rx, OSORx, OSO(Rx)2, S(O)Rx, ORx, 포스피네이트, 할라이드, 니트레이트, 히드록실, 카르보네이트, 아미노, 니트로, 아미도 또는 선택적으로 치환된 지방족, 헤테로지방족, 지방족고리, 헤테로지방족고리, 아릴 또는 헤테로아릴로부터 독립적으로 선택되며;
Rx는 독립적으로 수소, 또는 선택적으로 치환된 지방족, 할로지방족, 헤테로지방족, 지방족고리, 헤테로지방족고리, 아릴, 알킬아릴 또는 헤테로아릴이고; 및
G는 부재하거나, 또는 루이스 염기인 중성 또는 음이온 공여체 리간드로부터 독립적으로 선택된다. - 제 37 항에 있어서, 상기 에폭시드는 에틸렌 옥시드, 부틸렌 옥시드, 프로필렌 옥시드 또는 시클로헥센 옥시드인 것인 방법.
- 제 38 항에 있어서, 상기 촉매는 제 35 항에 따른 것 중 어느 하나인 것인 방법.
- 제 37 항 또는 제 38 항에 있어서, 상기 방법이 연속식(continuous) 플로우 반응기 또는 회분식(batch) 반응기에서 실시되는 것인 방법.
- 제 37 항 또는 제 38 항의 방법의 생성물.
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