KR102520816B1 - 가요성 복합재 - Google Patents
가요성 복합재 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102520816B1 KR102520816B1 KR1020197017966A KR20197017966A KR102520816B1 KR 102520816 B1 KR102520816 B1 KR 102520816B1 KR 1020197017966 A KR1020197017966 A KR 1020197017966A KR 20197017966 A KR20197017966 A KR 20197017966A KR 102520816 B1 KR102520816 B1 KR 102520816B1
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Abstract
Description
도 10과 도 11은 본 발명의 2개의 가요성 복합재들의 휨 강성도를 보여주는 도면.
도 12는 본 발명의 가요성 복합재의 층과 상기 가요성 복합재의 공간에서의 굳은 분말 물질 사이의 박리 강도를 보여주는 도면.
도 13은 본 발명의 가요성 복합재의 제2 층을 형성하는 2개의 요소들 사이의 박리 강도를 보여주는 도면.
도 14는 본 발명의 가요성 복합재의 굳지 않은 가요성 복합재의 제1 층과 제2 층 사이의 박리 강도를 보여주는 도면.
도 15는 3점 벤드 테스트 동안의 가요성 복합재에 발휘된 힘들을 보여주는 도면.
Claims (61)
- 경성(rigid) 또는 반경성(semi-rigid)이 되도록 굳을 수 있는 가요성 복합재에 있어서,
상기 복합재는:
제1 층;
상기 제1 층과 대향하고 공간에 의해 상기 제1 층으로부터 분리되는 제2 층;
상기 제1 층과 상기 제2 층 사이의 상기 공간에 위치하는 분말 충전 물질 - 상기 분말 충전 물질은 액체, 기체 또는 방사선(radiation)의 추가시 경성이거나 반경성인 고체로 굳을 수 있음 -;
상기 제1 층 및/또는 상기 제2 층으로부터 상기 공간 내로 연장되고, 상기 제1 층 및/또는 상기 제2 층에 연결되며, 상기 제1 층 및/또는 상기 제2 층을 통과할 수 있고, 함께 연결될 수 있어 상기 층들을 함께 접합하기 위한 연결 요소들을 형성하는 복수의 요소들을 포함하고,
상기 연결 요소들 중 하나 이상에 장력이 인가되도록 하고, 상기 제1 층 및/또는 상기 제2 층으로 하여금 장력을 받는 상태에 있는 인접한 연결 요소들 사이에서 외향으로 부풀려지게 하는 압력으로 상기 공간에 굳지 않은 분말 충전 물질이 제공되는, 가요성 복합재. - 제1 항에 있어서,
상기 제1 층은 부직포를 포함하고,
상기 부직포는 니들 펀칭(needle punching), 접착제들, 가열, 고수압 직조(hydroentanglement), 스티치 접착(stitch bonding), 또는 초음파 용접에 의해 접착되는 섬유들을 포함할 수 있고,
상기 부직포는 폴리프로필렌 섬유들을 포함할 수 있는, 가요성 복합재. - 제1 항 또는 제2 항에 있어서,
상기 제1 층에는 기체들과 액체가 침투 가능하지만, 상기 분말 충전 물질에는 침투가 가능하지 않은, 가요성 복합재. - 제1 항 또는 제2 항에 있어서,
상기 제1 층 및/또는 상기 제2 층은, 상기 제1 층 및/또는 상기 제2 층의 인장 강도를 향상시키고/향상시키거나 강성도를 증가시키도록 구성되는, 직조물, 부직물, 연속적인 멤브레인(continuous membrane) 또는 편직물(knitted fabric)을 포함하는 보강 요소를 더 포함하고,
상기 보강 요소는 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리프로필렌을 포함할 수 있는, 가요성 복합재. - 제4 항에 있어서,
상기 제1 층 및/또는 상기 제2 층은 미터 폭 당 0.5 내지 200 kN인 인장 강도를 가지는, 가요성 복합재. - 제4 항에 있어서,
상기 제1 층 및/또는 상기 제2 층은 자신의 가장 안쪽 표면의 적어도 일부에 러프 키잉 직물 요소(rough keying fabric element)를 포함하고, 그로 인해 굳을 때 상기 분말 충전 물질이 달라붙는 상기 공간에서 상기 분말 충전 물질과 인접하고,
상기 러프 키잉 직물 요소는 폴리프로필렌 섬유들을 포함할 수 있고,
상기 분말 충전 물질과 인접하는 상기 러프 키잉 직물 요소는, 상기 분말 충전 물질이 굳을 때 상기 러프 키잉 직물 요소와 상기 분말 충전 물질 사이에 0.5 내지 10 kN/m인 박리 저항을 갖는 접착을 제공하도록 구성될 수 있는, 가요성 복합재. - 제7 항에 있어서,
상기 러프 키잉 직물 요소는 상기 보강 요소에 접착되고, 상기 러프 키잉 직물 요소와 상기 보강 요소 사이의 접착의 박리 저항은 0.5 내지 10 kN/m인, 가요성 복합재. - 제1 항 또는 제2 항에 있어서,
상기 연결 요소들은 상기 제1 층과 상기 제2 층 사이에서 연장되고, 그로 인해 상기 제1 층과 상기 제2 층을 접합하고, 상기 가요성 복합재의 세로축 및/또는 가로축을 따라서 규칙적이거나 불규칙적인 배열로 이격되고,
각각의 연결 요소는 인장 하중을 지탱할 수 있는 이산 컬럼(discrete column)에서 상기 공간을 가로질러 그리고 상기 층들 중 하나 또는 둘 모두를 통해 연장되는 복수의 부요소들(a plurality of sub-elements)을 포함할 수 있고,
상기 연결 요소들은 0.1 ㎜와 100 ㎜ 사이의 거리로 서로 이격될 수 있고,
상기 연결 요소들은 상기 제1 층과 상기 제2 층 사이의 중간 평면에 대해 수직인 네트 앵글(net angle)로 상기 제1 층 및/또는 상기 제2 층 사이에서 연장될 수 있고,
상기 연결 요소들은 니들 펀칭, 스티치 접착, 고수압 직조, 및 미리 형성된 후크들과의 맞물림 중 하나 이상에 의해 상기 공간에 위치될 수 있는, 가요성 복합재. - 제1 항 또는 제2 항에 있어서,
상기 제1 층 및/또는 상기 제2 층으로부터 상기 공간을 가로질러 연장되는 상기 연결 요소들은 상기 대향하는 층을 통해 연장되고, 그로 인해 상기 층들을 함께 접합하고,
상기 제1 층 및/또는 상기 제2 층을 통해 연장되는 상기 연결 요소들은, 통과해서 연장한 상기 층의 가장 바깥쪽 변에 고착되도록 적응될 수 있고,
상기 연결 요소들은 기계적인 얽힘(mechanical entanglement), 접착제, 화학적이거나 기계적인 수단에 의한 가열 또는 폴리머 층으로의 접착에 의한 융합(fusing) 중 하나 이상에 의해 고착될 수 있는, 가요성 복합재. - 제8 항에 있어서,
상기 굳지 않은 가요성 복합재의 상기 제1 층과 상기 제2 층 사이의 박리 저항은 0.1 kN/m과 20 kN/m 사이에 있는, 가요성 복합재. - 제9 항에 있어서,
일단 상기 연결 요소들이 상기 제1 층 및/또는 상기 제2 층을 통해 연장되면, 상기 연결 요소들은 상기 제1 층 및/또는 상기 제2 층에 대해 평행하게 방향을 변경하는, 가요성 복합재. - 제9 항에 있어서,
상기 제1 층 및/또는 상기 제2 층으로부터 상기 공간을 가로질러 연장되는 상기 연결 요소들은 상기 대향하는 층을 통과하여 상기 공간 내로 다시 연장되고,
상기 공간 내로 다시 연장되는 상기 연결 요소들은 상기 공간에 위치하는 다른 연결 요소들과 접합하도록 구성될 수 있고,
상기 공간 내로 다시 연장되는 상기 연결 요소들은 얽힘(entanglement)에 의해 다른 연결 요소들과 접합할 수 있고,
상기 공간 내로 다시 연장되는 상기 연결 요소들은 상기 섬유들이 시작된 상기 층과 접합하도록 구성될 수 있는, 가요성 복합재. - 제1 항 또는 제2 항에 있어서,
상기 제1 층과 상기 제2 층 사이의 상기 공간에 위치하는 제2 충전 물질을 더 포함하고,
상기 제2 충전 물질은 상기 제1 층과 상기 제2 층 사이의 상기 공간에 위치하는 분리 층에 의해 상기 분말 충전 물질로부터 분리되고,
상기 제2 충전 물질은 분말, 페이스트, 또는 발포성 조성물 중 하나 이상으로부터 선택될 수 있고,
상기 제2 충전 물질은 벤토나이트 점토(bentonite clay) 또는 초흡수성 폴리머(super absorbent polymer)를 포함할 수 있는, 가요성 복합재. - 제5 항에 있어서,
상기 가요성 복합재의 상기 제1 층 및 상기 제2 층은 접착제로 함께 접착되고,
상기 접착제는 보강 요소의 부분에 또는 상기 보강 요소의 부분으로서 달라붙는 폴리프로필렌 공중합체를 포함할 수 있고,
상기 접착제는 상기 제1 층 및/또는 상기 제2 층의 상기 최종 인장 강도와 유사한 상기 제1 층과 상기 제2 층 사이의 전단 강도를 제공할 수 있는, 가요성 복합재. - 제1 항 또는 제2 항에 있어서,
상기 제1 층 및/또는 상기 제2 층을 형성하는 데 사용되는 물질들은 수용성이거나, 썩을 수 있거나(rottable), UV 열화될 수 있거나(UV degradable), 친수성이거나, 소수성인, 가요성 복합재. - 제16 항에 있어서,
상기 물질이 굳기 전에 자신의 자체 하중(self-weight)을 지탱할 수 있는 3차원 형상으로 상기 굳지 않은 가요성 복합재를 형성하기 위해 구부러질 수 있는 충분한 면외 강성도(out of plane stiffness)를 가지는 연성 층을 더 포함하는, 가요성 복합재. - 삭제
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DE102020005082B3 (de) | 2020-09-02 | 2021-10-14 | G-quadrat Geokunststoffgesellschaft mbH | Flexible Textilstruktur, Bodenbauelement mit einer flexiblen Textilstruktur, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bodenbauelements, Erdleitungs-Schutzsystem und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Erdleitungs-Schutzsystems sowie Verwendung des Bodenbauelements |
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KR20190088502A (ko) | 2019-07-26 |
JP7300176B2 (ja) | 2023-06-29 |
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