KR102413272B1 - tongue nerve protector for removal of cod teeth in lower jaw position - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention introduces a lingual nerve guard for extraction of the mandibular third molar.
To this end, the present invention provides a guide band inserted between the second and third molars located in the lower jaw of the oral cavity; a fixing bar with one side of the guide band extending toward the labial side and winding around the outer surface of the second molar to prevent it from flowing; The other side of the guide band is extended and bent in the lingual direction of the third molar and is formed in a plate shape to separate the gum of the third molar and the lingual surface on which the lingual nerve is distributed; In the case of extraction of the third molar, the high-speed rotating drill for extraction is blocked from accessing the lingual nerve side even if it comes out through the lingual bone, so it is possible to completely separate and protect the lingual nerve. can be implemented.

Description

Mandibular third molar extraction facility {tongue nerve protector for removal of cod teeth in lower jaw position}

The present invention can easily apply the separation of the lingual bone and lingual nerve in the mandibular third molar region by using the limited anatomical variation of the lingual nerve, and the C-clasp shape of the denture is applied so as not to obstruct the view during extraction. It is about the lingual nerve protector of

In general, teeth for ingestion of food are located in the alveolar bone of the maxilla and mandible in the oral cavity while the gums are covered. There are 4 in total, one on each edge, and the number varies depending on the person.

Wisdom teeth are characterized in that they appear in various shapes and forms because they occur at the rearmost position of the molars of the maxilla after all teeth have grown. There are those that occur incompletely as a condition (ambusted wisdom teeth).

During the process of formation, these wisdom teeth squeeze other teeth or push the teeth to make the teeth irregular. If food enters between the teeth and gums, the food residues are not easily removed, so bacteria can multiply and cause swelling of the gums. As well as causing bleeding, it can cause tooth decay and tooth decay, can cause periodontal disease in adjacent teeth, and cause discomfort that causes tonsils and lymph nodes to swell.

In addition, an impacted wisdom tooth that occurs incompletely when lying on the side is not able to penetrate the gum when lying on its side, so a lump or tumor is formed around it, and it compresses the nerve, causing paresthesia or pain, causing physical swelling of the face as well as eating. Discomfort was also reported.

Therefore, an incomplete wisdom tooth can cause various oral diseases, such as osteomyelitis, caries, peridentitis, periodontitis, and damage to adjacent teeth, so wisdom teeth are usually extracted. .

Wisdom tooth extraction was recommended in order to solve these diseases, and as extraction methods, simply extracting the exposed wisdom tooth and surgical method of removing the exposed wisdom tooth by cutting the gum into pieces have been proposed.

In the case of an impacted third molar (wisdom tooth) extraction operation, damage and bleeding of many nerves and tissues developed around may occur, and various related complications may occur. Most of the time, it will happen due to anthropomorphism.

The mechanism of damage to the lingual nerve during extraction of the third molar usually occurs by piercing the lingual bone surrounding the tooth and directly damaging the lingual nerve contained in the inner oral mucosa with a high-speed rotating drill.

The lingual nerve receives sensory information from the lingual mucosa, the buccal mucosa, and the anterior 2/3 of the tongue. The incidence rate is reported to be 0-10% during third molar extraction surgery, and permanent paresthesia lasting more than 1 year is reported to be 0.3-0.6%.

In this third molar extraction operation, the lingual nerve damage is fundamentally difficult to secure as the lingual bone is covered with the lingual mucosa and inside, so most dentists always use a high-speed rotating drill in vague fear. A reporter or a freelance reporter has a problem that an assistant must constantly hold the device.

In order to solve the above problems, a drill for tooth extraction has been proposed and published by the Korean Intellectual Property Office as Patent Publication No. 10-2011-0013780 (hereinafter referred to as a prior invention).

The configuration of this prior invention in the drill for tooth extraction, the drill body portion;

A drill bit provided integrally with one end of the drill body to partially remove the tooth, and a depth display section formed on the peripheral surface of the drill body to display the cutting depth of the tooth by the drill bit, and , the operator is configured to visually check the cutting depth of the tooth by the drill bit through the depth display unit.

This prior invention enables the tooth to be properly divided by the drill before tooth extraction, and by allowing the user to directly check the insertion depth of the drill inserted into the tooth with the naked eye, accurate drill insertion into a predetermined position and depth is possible. Since the tooth can be divided into a size and shape that can be easily removed before tooth extraction, it is possible to minimize the incision of the gums for tooth extraction.

Moreover, according to the present invention, since the operator can accurately check the insertion depth of the drill during the procedure, the surrounding tissue is damaged due to the excessive insertion depth of the drill, and side effects such as excessive bleeding or healing delay are minimized and the surrounding teeth are deleted. can protect important nerves or tissues located in

However, when performing wisdom tooth extraction surgery in the prior invention, the inside of the mandible is a deep space, narrow and dark, and it is difficult to secure a field of view. there was.

KR Patent Publication 10-2011-0013780 (published on June 08, 2011)

An object of the present invention is to completely protect the lingual nerve without obstructing the surgical field by separating the lingual mucosa and the lingual bone containing the lingual nerve, which has not been previously developed.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide an efficient surgical environment to medical staff when the third molar is extracted from the alveolar bone of the mandible, and to provide safe medical services to the patient.

In order to achieve the objects of the present invention, it is required to configure a C-clasp-shaped retainer on the buccal side of the mandibular second molar to achieve stable fixation without the assistant holding the instrument during wisdom tooth extraction surgery, and the installation of the mandibular third molar On the side, a rectangular metal plate with a size that sufficiently blocks the possible range of anatomical variation of the lingual nerve is required.

According to the present invention, it is possible to completely separate and protect the lingual nerve due to the configuration in which the oral space of the mandible is blocked to prevent access to the lingual nerve side even when the high-speed rotating drill for tooth extraction comes out through the lingual bone. It is fully expected that extraction can be performed freely without worrying.

The present invention introduces a lingual nerve guard for extraction of the mandibular third molar.

To this end, the present invention provides a guide band inserted between the second and third molars located in the lower jaw of the oral cavity; a fixing bar with one side of the guide band extending toward the labial side and winding around the outer surface of the second molar to prevent it from flowing; The other side of the guide band is extended and bent in the lingual direction of the third molar and is formed in a plate shape to separate the gum of the third molar and the lingual surface on which the lingual nerve is distributed; The object of the present invention is sufficiently achieved by providing a configuration comprising a.

In the configuration in which the object of the present invention is achieved, it is preferable to have a plane that crosses the valley between the upper ends of the third molar and the second molar and the cross section is in a square or rectangular shape and is in contact with the buccal surface of the cervical part of the second molar. .

In the configuration in which the object of the present invention is achieved, the fixing unit is formed with a ring portion wrapped around the lower end of the crown of the second molar by bending in the horizontal direction while extending in the longitudinal direction from the guide rod, and the inner surface of the ring portion is the second molar It is a plane in contact with the crown of the ring, and the outer surface of the ring portion is preferably formed as a hemispherical surface.

In a configuration in which the object of the present invention is achieved, the separator is integrally formed with the space band bent by the guide band and is located on the inner surface of the gum of the third molar to block the lingual nerve region on the lingual side, the separator It is preferable to configure a plate having a thickness of 1 to 1.5 mm to be formed in an area of 8 to 10 mm in length and 7 to 10 mm in width.

In the configuration in which the object of the present invention is achieved, the guide band is in contact with the distal surface of the crown of the second molar, and at a position 3 to 5 mm from the alveolar bone of the second molar, the distal surface of the crown with a width of 2.5 to 3.5 mm It is preferable to configure it to be in close contact with the

In the configuration in which the object of the present invention is achieved, the guard is preferably made of a metal material or an alloy material having a strength that blocks the tool approaching the lingual nerve during extraction of the third molar.

In the configuration in which the object of the present invention is achieved, it is preferable to envision that the guide band and the fixture are further formed with an adhesive layer temporarily fixed in contact with the crown of the second molar to the inner surface of the guide and the fixture.

In a configuration in which the object of the present invention is achieved, the separator faces the inner surface of the gum of the third molar to form a non-slip surface of roughness on the surface that does not slip on the surgical tool, and bends the lower end of the non-slip surface to slide It is preferable to configure a control piece to which the surgical tool is hung is further provided.

In the present invention, the lingual mucosa and lingual bone, which contain the lingual nerve, are operated in a state in which the lingual mucosa and the lingual bone are blocked until the extraction of the second molar is completed, but the surgical field of view is not obstructed. This is completely blocked, providing an efficient operating environment to the medical staff, and has the advantage of protecting the patient's body.

In addition, the present invention has an advantage in that safe medical services are provided to both patients and medical staff because there is no need to worry about nerve injury during extraction of the third molar from the alveolar bone of the mandible.

1 is a state diagram for a mandibular wisdom tooth (A) is a dental arrangement diagram of the mandible (B) is a side state diagram of an impacted wisdom tooth.
2 is a perspective view of a lingual nerve protector to which the present invention is applied;
3 is a plan view of the lingual nerve guard to which the present invention is applied.
4 is a front view of the lingual nerve protector to which the present invention is applied.
Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 3 (A) is a cross-sectional view AA, (B) is a cross-sectional view BB,
6 is a state diagram of the lingual nerve protector of the present invention mounted, (A) is a state mounted on a normal wisdom tooth, (B) is a state mounted on an impacted wisdom tooth
7 is a plan view of the lingual nerve protector of the present invention mounted on an impacted wisdom tooth;
8 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a separator in the present invention;

The terms or words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as being limited to their ordinary or dictionary meanings, and the inventor may properly define the concept of the term in order to best describe his invention. Based on the principle that there is, it should be interpreted as meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention.

Therefore, since the embodiments described in this specification and the matters shown in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all the technical spirit of the present invention, various equivalents that can be substituted for them at the time of the present application It should be understood that there may be variations and examples.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention of the lingual nerve guard will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a state diagram for a wisdom tooth of the mandible (a) is a dental arrangement diagram of the mandible (b) is a side state diagram of an impacted wisdom tooth. The incisors 101 that can cut the food to be eaten, the canines 102 that tear the ingested food into pieces are located on both sides of the incisors 101, and crush and crush the ingested food next to the canines 102 and swallow. The molars 103 to improve are located.

In this structure of the tooth 100, the third molar called the wisdom tooth sometimes grows in the vertical direction like the second molar 103a shown in (B), but the wisdom tooth is inclined to the side in the gum 91 and the second molar There is a case where it grows in contact with the side of the molar 103a. In this case, pain occurs in the gum 91 by the third molar 103b whenever food is chewed, which eventually causes inflammation due to osteomyelitis, caries, and gum disease. It can cause various oral diseases such as periodontitis, gingivitis, and damage to adjacent teeth, so surgery is required to remove the gums by incision.

Since a high-speed rotating drill is used for this 3rd molar extraction operation, careful attention is needed not to injure the lingual nerve distributed around the gums. Because the lingual nerve may be injured during surgery, a safety device to block access to the lingual nerve is required.

2 is a perspective view of the lingual nerve protector to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 3 is a plan view of the lingual nerve protector to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 4 is a front view of the lingual nerve protector to which the present invention is applied.

The protector 200 of the present invention for protecting the lingual nerve during extraction of the third molar 103b is a bone 105 formed between the upper end of the second molar 103a and the third molar 103b located in the mandible 90 of the oral cavity. ) is provided with a guide 210 that is installed in it.

One end of the guide band 210 extends in the labial (ball inner side) direction and bends to be wrapped around the outer surface of the second molar 103a, that is, the buccal surface of the cervical region of the crown 104, integrally provided. make it

The other end of the guide band 210 extends in the lingual (lingual side) direction and is bent in the vertical downward direction to form a square plate shape having a predetermined area. A separator 250 that isolates the space between the tongues is formed.

When the separator 250 is positioned inside the gum at the position of the third molar, a space bar 220 that has a predetermined length between the guide bar 210 and the separator 250 and is bent in the vertical downward direction. make it available

The space band 220 is preferably formed with a length from the upper bone 105 of the second molar 103a and the third molar 103b to the gum 91 side.

The separator 250, which is integrally connected with the space band 220 and formed to have a predetermined area, is distributed in the lingual nerve distributed in the oral cavity due to the square plate area, especially on the side of the gum and tongue at the rearmost position of the maxilla. obscured lingual nerves.

The separator 250, which is formed with a predetermined area to cover the lingual nerves in the space between the gum and the tongue, leaves the third molar 103b from which the surgical tool is removed during the extraction operation of the third molar and distributes the lingual nerve through the gum. It is preferable to select a plate having a thickness of at least 1-1.5 mm in order to block the entry into the side of the tongue.

In addition, the predetermined area required for forming the separator 250 is 8 to 10 mm in length and 7 to 10 mm in width, so that the lingual nerve is distributed through the gum outside the third molar 103b under extraction. It is desirable to block the phenomenon of entering the side of the tongue

Since the surgical tool for extraction of the third molar 103b is a high-speed rotating drill and cutting tool, in order to block their entry, the material of the protector 200 including the separator 250 is made of a metal material with high surface strength or It is preferable to select and form an alloy material.

5 (a) is a sectional view of a-a' of FIG. 3, (b) is a sectional view of b-b', the guide band ( 210) shows a specific configuration. That is, the guide band 210 crosses the bone 105 or the bone gap 107 formed between the upper end of the third molar 103b and the upper end of the second molar 103a, the second molar 103a. It is in contact with the buccal surface of the cervical part of the tooth so that the cross-section is formed in a square or rectangular shape as shown in Fig. 5(b) in order to stabilize the installation state.

The guide band 210 having such a square or rectangular cross-section is the cervical portion of the second molar 103a at the bone 105 or bone gap 107 between the upper ends of the second molars 103a and the third molars 103b. A state in which the inner plane 232 is in contact with the buccal surface is achieved.

In addition, the guide 210 and the fixed base 230 integrally formed with the crown 104 of the second molar 103a as shown in FIG. Since it is located on the inside of the gum of the position, the curved ring portion 230a is formed so that it can be wrapped around the cervical part of the second molar 103a for stable fixation. And, the inner surface of the ring portion 230a is formed as a plane 232 along the curvature of the cervical region in which stable contact with the crown 104 surface of the second molar 103a is maintained.

The guide band 210 and the fixing part 230a are in a fixed state by being wound around the crown 104 while being in contact with the distal surface of the second molar 103a, but the fixed state is the guard ( 200) is maintained only by the flexibility of a metal material or alloy material having a large surface strength.

However, in some cases, in order to maximize the blocking force in a situation in which the surgical tool outside the third molar is about to enter the side of the tongue where the lingual nerve is distributed through the gum during tooth extraction surgery, the plane of the inner surface of the guide bar 210 and the fixture 230 ( By further forming an adhesive layer 240 made of medical adhesive bond on 232), the guide base 9210 and the fixture 230 are wrapped around the buccal surface of the cervical region including the outer surface of the crown 104 of the second molar 103a, so the protector ( 200), the isolation state of the oral space between the second molar (103a) and the lingual surface is maintained stably.

6 shows a state in which the tongue nerve protector is installed at the wisdom tooth extraction facility of the present invention.

In order to protect the lingual nerves during the extraction of unnecessary third molars, the space between the gums and the lingual surfaces of the second molars 103a and the third molars 103b is isolated with the protector 200.

First, the separator 250 of the guard 200 is inserted into the space between the second molar 103a and the third molar 103b located in the mandible and the lingual surface, and then the guide 210 is inserted into the second molar 103a ) and the third molar (103b), when positioned to cross the space of the bone 105 formed between the upper end of the second molar (103a) and the upper end of the third molar (103b). 105) or in a state of being in close contact with the bone gap 107, the fixture 230 integrated with the guide 210 is in contact with the distal surface of the second molar 103a from the labial side, and the fixture 230 ) of the curved ring portion 230a is walked along the cervical buccal surface of the second molar 103a, whereby the protector 200 isolates the space between the gums and the lingual surface.

In the state in which the protector 200 is installed as described above, the guide bar 210 has a rectangular or rectangular cross section, and the ring portion 230a of the fixture 230 also has a hemispherical cross section, so the plane 232 formed in the cross section is the second. Since the contact area with the outer surface of the second molar 103a, that is, the crown 104 surface, is increased, the stability of the installation of the guard 200 is improved.

In particular, in a state in which the guide table 210 is installed to cross the valley 105 between the second molar 103a and the third molar 103b, the plane 232 of the guide table 210 is the second molar In contact with the distal surface of the crown, the separator 250 of the protector 200 is installed in close contact with the distal surface of the crown with a width of 2.5 to 3.5 mm at a position of 3 to 5 mm from the alveolar bone of the second molar 103a. Wisdom teeth, that is, the third molar (103b) is not caught on the side of the gum 91 to form a state that blocks the space on the lingual side.

In addition, since the bent ring portion 230a of the fixture 230 wraps around the buccal surface of the cervical region of the contacting second molar 103a, the contact area in a narrow space is maximized, and the safety of the installation of the protector 200 is further improved. is improved

The second molars 103a as a feature that can further form an adhesive layer 232 on the plane 230 of the ring portion 230a of the protector 200 and the plane 232 of the guide 210 installed as described above. The adhesive properties of the adhesive material are added to the structure in close contact with the distal surface of the crown 104 and the outer surface of the crown 104 so that the installation of the protector 200 is maintained very firmly.

7 is a state in which the lingual nerve protector of the present invention is mounted on an impacted wisdom tooth. (a) shows a flat installation state, and (b) shows a medial surface installation state. If it grows obliquely and comes into contact with the side of the second molar (103a) in the gum, overall tooth protection and oral health are threatened. As a result, a lot of force is entered in the extraction process and a high-speed rotating tool mobilizes the attached surgical equipment, so the protector 200 is installed in the space between the gum 91 and the lingual surface in a situation that requires more skill of the medical personnel.

In particular, since the third molar 103b is in the gum, the guide plate 210 cannot be installed across the bone 105 between the second molar 103a and the third molar 103b as shown in FIG. In a state in which 250 is inserted between the gum 91 and the lingual surface, the guide bar 210 is installed to be in contact with the distal surface of the second molar 103a while crossing the gum 91 while installing the fixture 230 of the When the ring portion 230a is caught on the crown 104 of the second molar 103a, the separator 250 forms a state that blocks the lingual space from the side of the gum 91.

That is, the guide band 210 crosses between the second molar 103a and the gum from the gum 91 of the mandibular oral cavity to the cheek side side, and the ring portion 230a is hung on the cervical portion of the crown 104 and at the same time the ring portion ( Since the adhesive layer 240 formed on the plane 232 of 230a is in a state of being adhered to the outer surface of the crown 104, stability is further improved.

In this installation state, since the separator 250 connected to the space bar 220 of the guide bar 210 extending toward the oral cavity is positioned in the direction of the bottom of the mouth of the mandible, the side of the gum on the tongue side is covered.

At this time, since the standard of the separator 250 is formed of a plate having a thickness of 1 to 1.5 mm in a length of 8 to 10 mm and a width of 7 to 10 mm, the space between the gum and the lingual side is sufficiently blocked by the area corresponding thereto.

8 shows a longitudinal section of the separator in the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7 , the separator 250 of the protector 200 in contact with the inner surface of the gums blocks the lingual space. This is because when the surgical tool (drill) passes through the gum from the cheek to the lingual nerve due to carelessness or mistake during wisdom tooth extraction surgery by medical staff, the tip of the surgical tool enters the separator 250 blocking the lingual space. Prevents medical accidents and patient damage as it is blocked by the surface strength of the separator material.

The separation plate 250 that blocks the surgical tool that has departed from the extraction site may slide the tip of the surgical tool in the process of blocking further entry due to the surface strength, so the tip of the surgical tool is in contact with the separator 250 The non-slip surface 251 provided with concavities and convexities or groove groups is formed by rough processing the surface of the separator 250 to prevent it from slipping in the A control piece 253 that conforms and improves convenience during insertion may be formed.

Therefore, when the surgical tool is in contact with the non-slip surface 251 of the separator 250, slipping or slipping by the surface roughness or groove group is prevented. In addition, when the tip of the surgical tool, which is blocked from entering by the separator 250, slides on the surface of the separator 250, the control piece 253 formed by bending the lowermost end of the separator 250 Finally, the operator stops after recognizing that the surgical tool has reached the wrong position, or blocks the entry of the surgical tool to the last to prevent a safety accident in which the lingual nerve is injured.

When the extraction operation of the third molar 103b is completed, the ring portion 230a of the protector 200 is peeled off from the second molar 103a, and the guide 210 in close contact with the second molar 103b is removed. When separated, the separator 250 can be removed from the position where it was isolated between the gum 91 and the tongue.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but may be manufactured in a variety of different forms, and those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains It will be understood that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without changing the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are illustrative in all respects and not restrictive.

100: teeth 101: incisors 102: canine teeth
103: molar 103a: second molar 103b: third molar
105: bone 107: bone gap 104: crown
200: protector 210: induction band 220: space band
230: fixture 232: flat 240: adhesiveness
250: separator 251: non-slip surface

Claims (8)

a guide belt inserted between the second and third molars located in the mandible of the oral cavity;
a fixing bar with one side of the guide band extending toward the labial side and winding around the outer surface of the second molar to prevent it from flowing;
The other side of the guide band is extended and bent in the lingual direction of the third molar and is formed in a plate shape to separate the gum of the third molar and the lingual surface on which the lingual nerve is distributed; Including, the mandibular third molar extraction facility lingual nerve guard.
According to claim 1,
The guide band,
A lingual nerve guard during extraction of the mandibular third molar, characterized in that it crosses the bone between the third molar and the upper end of the second molar and has a square or rectangular cross-section and is in contact with the buccal surface of the cervical region of the second molar.
According to claim 1,
The fixture,
A ring portion is formed that extends in the longitudinal direction from the guide band and wraps around the lower end of the crown of the second molar by bending it in the horizontal direction,
The inner surface of the ring portion is a plane in contact with the crown of the second molar, and the outer surface of the ring portion is formed as a hemispherical surface, the mandibular third molar tooth extraction system nerve protector.
According to claim 1,
The separator is
A metal material that is integrally formed with the space band bent from the guide band and has a surface strength sufficient to block the surgical tool in contact with the area that blocks the surgical tool from entering the lingual side from the gum position from which the third molar is extracted. Or, characterized in that made of an alloy material, the mandibular third molar extraction facility nerve guard.
According to claim 1,
The separator is
It is located on the inner surface of the gums of the third molar and blocks the lingual nerve area on the lingual side, wherein the separator is formed with a plate having a thickness of 1 to 1.5 mm in an area of 8 to 10 mm in length and 7 to 10 mm in width. Lower jaw, lingual nerve guard for extraction of the mandibular third molar.
3. The method of claim 2,
The guide band,
When the mandibular third molar is extracted, characterized in that it is in contact with the distal surface of the crown of the second molar and is in close contact with the distal surface of the crown with a width of 2.5 to 3.5 mm at a position of 3 to 5 mm from the alveolar bone of the second molar. lingual nerve guard.
According to claim 1,
The guide bar and the fixing bar,
Mandibular third molar extraction facility nerve guard, characterized in that the inner surface of the guide band and the fixture further forms an adhesive layer that is temporarily fixed in contact with the crown of the second molar.
6. The method of claim 5,
The separator is
It is characterized in that a non-slip surface of a roughness on which the surgical tool does not slip is formed on the surface facing the inner surface of the gum of the third molar, and a control piece on which a sliding surgical tool is hung by bending the lower end of the non-slip surface is further provided, characterized in that , Lingual nerve guard for extraction of the mandibular third molar.

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