KR102412473B1 - 자석 분말의 제조 방법 및 자석 분말 - Google Patents
자석 분말의 제조 방법 및 자석 분말 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102412473B1 KR102412473B1 KR1020180099499A KR20180099499A KR102412473B1 KR 102412473 B1 KR102412473 B1 KR 102412473B1 KR 1020180099499 A KR1020180099499 A KR 1020180099499A KR 20180099499 A KR20180099499 A KR 20180099499A KR 102412473 B1 KR102412473 B1 KR 102412473B1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 70
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 title 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nd+3].[Nd+3] PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- SNGREZUHAYWORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorooctanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F SNGREZUHAYWORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical group CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- XRADHEAKQRNYQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trifluoroneodymium Chemical compound F[Nd](F)F XRADHEAKQRNYQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 35
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 31
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- -1 neodymium (Nd) Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910017493 Nd 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- RUDINRUXCKIXAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,13,13,14,14,14-heptacosafluorotetradecanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F RUDINRUXCKIXAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009694 cold isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010902 jet-milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical group [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CXGONMQFMIYUJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorododecanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F CXGONMQFMIYUJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZWBAMYVPMDSJGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluoroheptanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ZWBAMYVPMDSJGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UZUFPBIDKMEQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorononanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F UZUFPBIDKMEQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- LVDGGZAZAYHXEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,13,13,13-pentacosafluorotridecanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F LVDGGZAZAYHXEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OJMBMWRMTMHMSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,13,13,14,14,15,15,16,16,16-hentriacontafluorohexadecanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F OJMBMWRMTMHMSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZTSDOGSKTICNPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,13,13,14,14,15,15,16,16,17,17,18,18,18-pentatriacontafluorooctadecanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ZTSDOGSKTICNPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZHZPKMZKYBQGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methyl-2,4,6-tris(trifluoromethyl)oxane-2,4-diol Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1(C)CC(O)(C(F)(F)F)CC(O)(C(F)(F)F)O1 ZHZPKMZKYBQGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KQNSPSCVNXCGHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(4-tert-butylphenoxy)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC(CN)=C1 KQNSPSCVNXCGHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000102 alkali metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008046 alkali metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCIUEQPBYFRTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorodecanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F PCIUEQPBYFRTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXUULQAPEKKVAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorohexanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F PXUULQAPEKKVAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIDINRCMMRKXGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluoroundecanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F SIDINRCMMRKXGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011882 ultra-fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
- B22F9/18—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
- B22F9/20—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from solid metal compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/102—Metallic powder coated with organic material
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/14—Treatment of metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/16—Metallic particles coated with a non-metal
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
- H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0577—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F2201/00—Treatment under specific atmosphere
- B22F2201/10—Inert gases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/35—Iron
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C2202/00—Physical properties
- C22C2202/02—Magnetic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing Cores, Coils, And Magnets (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
이에 따라, 상기와 같은 문제를 해결할 수 있는 자석 분말의 제조방법이 필요하다.
[선행기술]
한국 특허 출원 10-1990-0011713호
도 2는 실시예 2 내지 4에 따른 자석 분말의 XRD 패턴을 도시한 그래프이다.
도 3는 비교예 1 및 2에 따른 자석 분말의 XRD 패턴을 도시한 그래프이다.
도 4a는 실시예 1에 따른 산화철(Fe2O3) 환원 후 철 분말의 SEM 사진이다.
도 4b는 도 4a에 나타낸 SEM 사진의 배율을 변경하여 나타낸 SEM 사진이다.
도 5a는 실시예 2에 따른 자석 분말의 SEM 사진이다.
도 5b는 도 5a에 나타낸 SEM 사진의 배율을 변경하여 나타낸 SEM 사진이다.
도 6은 실시예 2와 3에 따른 자석 분말의 M-H 데이터를 도시한 그래프이다.
도 7은 실시예 2와 3에 따른 자석 분말의 M-H 데이터를 도시한 그래프의 원점 부분을 확대하여 나타낸 그래프이다.
도 8는 실시예 5에 따라 제조한 소결 자석의 파단면에 대한 SEM 사진이다.
도 9는 실시예 6에 따라 제조한 소결 자석의 파단면에 대한 SEM 사진이다.
도 10은 비교에 3에 따라 제조한 소결 자석의 파단면에 대한 SEM 사진이다.
Claims (19)
- 산화철의 환원 반응으로 철 분말을 제조하는 단계;
상기 철 분말, 산화 네오디뮴, 붕소 및 칼슘을 포함한 혼합물을 22MPa 이상의 압력으로 가압 성형한 성형체를 가열하여 자석 분말을 제조하는 단계; 및
상기 자석 분말 표면에 유기 불화물을 코팅하는 단계를 포함하는 자석 분말의 제조 방법. - 제1항에서,
상기 철 분말을 제조하는 단계는
환원제 존재 하에서, 알칼리금속의 산화물 및 알칼리토금속의 산화물 중 하나와 산화철의 혼합물을 불활성 가스 분위기 하에서 환원 반응시키는 단계를 포함하는 자석 분말의 제조방법. - 제2항에서,
상기 철 분말, 산화 네오디뮴, 붕소 및 칼슘을 포함한 혼합물은
상기 철 분말에, 상기 산화 네오디뮴, 상기 붕소 및 상기 칼슘이 첨가되어 제조되는 자석 분말의 제조 방법. - 제1항에서,
상기 철 분말을 제조하는 단계는
환원제 존재 하에서, 유기 용매하에 습식 혼합된 산화 네오디뮴 및 산화철의 혼합물을 환원 반응시켜 철 분말 및 산화 네오디뮴 함유 혼합물을 제조하는 단계를 포함하는 자석 분말의 제조 방법. - 제4항에서,
상기 철 분말, 산화 네오디뮴, 붕소 및 칼슘을 포함한 혼합물은
상기 철 분말 및 상기 산화 네오디뮴 함유 혼합물에, 상기 붕소 및 상기 칼슘이 첨가되어 제조되는 자석 분말의 제조 방법. - 제1항에서,
상기 산화철의 환원 반응에는 환원제가 사용되고,
상기 환원제는 알칼리 금속의 수소화물 및 알칼리 토금속의 수소화물 중 적어도 하나를 포함하는 자석 분말의 제조 방법. - 제1항에서,
상기 철 분말을 제조하는 단계는, 4급 암모늄계 메탄올 용액을 사용하여 환원 반응으로 얻은 철 분말로부터 부산물을 제거하는 단계, 그리고 부산물이 제거된 철 분말을 용매로 세정하고 건조하는 단계를 더 포함하는 자석 분말의 제조 방법. - 제1항에서,
상기 자석 분말을 제조하는 단계는 환원-확산법에 의해 수행되는 자석 분말의 제조 방법. - 제1항에서,
상기 자석 분말을 제조하는 단계는,
상기 성형체를 불활성 가스 분위기 하에서 섭씨 800도 내지 1,100도의 온도로 가열하는 단계를 포함하는 자석 분말의 제조 방법. - 제1항에서,
상기 자석 분말을 제조하는 단계 후에,
상기 성형체를 분쇄하여 분말을 얻은 후, 4급 암모늄계 메탄올 용액을 사용하여 부산물을 제거하는 단계, 그리고 상기 부산물이 제거된 분말을 용매로 세정하고 건조하는 단계를 더 포함하는 자석 분말의 제조 방법. - 제1항에서,
상기 유기 불화물은 과불화카르복실산(PFCA: Perfluorinated Carboxylic Acid)계 물질 중 탄소 함량이 C6 내지 C17에 해당하는 화합물 중 적어도 하나 이상을 포함하는 자석 분말의 제조 방법. - 제1항에서,
상기 유기 불화물은 과불화옥탄산(PFOA: PerFluoro Octanoic Acid)을 포함하는 자석 분말의 제조 방법. - 제1항에서,
상기 유기 불화물을 코팅하는 단계는 상기 자석 분말과 상기 유기 불화물을 유기 용매 중에서 혼합 및 건조하는 단계를 포함하는 자석 분말의 제조 방법. - 제13항에서,
상기 혼합 및 건조하는 단계는 상기 자석 분말, 상기 유기 불화물 및 상기 유기 용매를 혼합하고 터뷸러 믹서에서 분쇄하는 단계를 더 포함하는 자석 분말의 제조 방법. - 제13항에서,
상기 유기 용매는 아세톤, 에탄올 또는 메탄올인 자석 분말의 제조 방법. - 제1항에서,
상기 자석 분말은 주사전자현미경(SEM) 사진을 이용하여 측정한 입도가 1.2 내지 3.5 마이크로미터인 Nd2Fe14B 분말을 포함하는 자석 분말의 제조 방법. - 제1항에서,
상기 자석 분말을 소결 보조제와 함께 압축하여 성형체를 제조하고, 상기 성형체를 진공 분위기에서 섭씨 1030도 내지 1070도의 온도로 가열하여 소결 자석을 제조하는 경우,
상기 소결 자석의 결정립 표면에 네오디뮴산불화물의 피막이 형성되는 자석 분말의 제조 방법. - 제17항에서,
주사전자현미경(SEM) 사진을 이용하여 측정한 상기 결정립의 입도는 1 내지 5 마이크로미터인 자석 분말의 제조 방법. - 제1항의 방법으로 제조된 자석 분말.
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