KR102401777B1 - 가스 저장 및 방출 시스템에서의 체적 용량의 증대 방법 - Google Patents
가스 저장 및 방출 시스템에서의 체적 용량의 증대 방법 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR102401777B1 KR102401777B1 KR1020197001879A KR20197001879A KR102401777B1 KR 102401777 B1 KR102401777 B1 KR 102401777B1 KR 1020197001879 A KR1020197001879 A KR 1020197001879A KR 20197001879 A KR20197001879 A KR 20197001879A KR 102401777 B1 KR102401777 B1 KR 102401777B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- gge
- monolith
- psi
- aqueous binder
- gas adsorbent
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
- F17C11/007—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for hydrocarbon gases, such as methane or natural gas, propane, butane or mixtures thereof [LPG]
-
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Abstract
Description
도 1a는 가스 저장 시스템의 빈 실린더 (즉, 탱크 또는 용기)를 도시하며;
도 1b는 가스 흡착제 펠렛이 내부에 함유된 가스 저장 시스템의 실린더 (즉, 탱크 또는 용기)를 도시하며;
도 1c는 형상-특정의(shape-specific) 가스 흡착 물질을 갖는 가스 저장 시스템의 실린더 (즉, 탱크 또는 용기)를 도시하며;
도 2는 본 개시사항의 모노리스를 제조하는 방법의 플로우 다이어그램이며;
도 3은 본 개시사항의 가스 저장 시스템을 도시하며;
도 4는 흡착제의 중량 퍼센트로 정규화된, 본 개시사항의 흡착제 및 각각의 모노리스에 대한 공극 체적 9-27Å (cc/g)을 나타내는 그래프이며;
도 5는 본 개시사항의 모노리스의 공극 체적 9-27Å과 가역적 천연 가스 저장 용량 (900 psig으로 가압되는 경우의, wt%)의 상관 관계를 나타내는 그래프이며;
도 6은 공극 체적 9-12Å과 가역적 천연 가스 저장 용량 (900 psig로 가압 되는 경우의, wt%)의 상관 관계를 나타내는 그래프이며;
도 7은 모노리스의 초기 형상 (즉, 다이의 내경)과 이후의 임의의 후속적인 가열 및/또는 건조 공정 단계 사이에서, 대체 바인더 배합물로 제조된 실린더형 퍽(puck) 모노리스에 의해 직면하는 치수 변화를 비교하며;
도 8은 모노리스의 초기 형상 (즉, 다이의 내경과 실린더의 초기 압축 또는 절단 길이)과 이후의 임의의 후속적인 가열 및/또는 건조 공정 단계 사이에서, 대체 바인더 배합물로 제조된 실린더형 퍽 모노리스에 의해 직면하는 체적 변화를 비교하며;
도 9는 모노리스 체적 기준으로 본 개시사항에 의한 예시적인 모노리스의 예시적인 공극 체적 및 회수 가능하거나(recoverable) 가역적인 저장 용량을 도시하며;
도 10은 무거운 미세다공성 비교예와 비교하여 본 개시사항의 더 적은 미세다공성 (< 9Å 크기) 실시예에 의한 반복되는 포화 및 퍼지(purge) 사이클에서의 가역적인 천연 가스 용량의 적은 열화(degradation)를 도시하며;
도 11은 본 개시사항의 더 적은 미세다공성 실시예에 의한 안정화된 가역적 용량과 비교하여 상당한 미세다공성 비교예에 의한 포화 및 퍼지 사이클의 10 사이클 후의 가역적 천연 가스 용량의 계속적인 열화를 도시하며;
도 12는 가역적 천연 가스 용량의 손실 퍼센트와 천연 가스에 대한 모노리스의 유지력(retentivity)과의 상관 관계를 도시하여 나타내는 그래프이며 (체적 모노리스 기준으로 본 개시사항의 실시예와 비교예 모두에 대한, 포화 용량, 가역적 용량 미만);
도 13은 체적 모노리스 기준으로 본 개시사항의 실시예 및 비교예 모두에 대한 테스트의 제 1 가압-감압 사이클에 대한 천연 가스에 대한 모노리스의 보유력 (포화 용량, 가역적 용량 미만)과 9Å 크기 미만의 공극 체적의 상관 관계를 도시하여 나타내는 그래프이며;
도 14는 체적 모노리스 기준으로 본 개시사항의 실시예 및 비교예 모두에 대한 중간 공극(mesopore) 체적 27-490Å 크기와 9Å 크기 미만의 공극 체적을 비교하여 나타내는 그래프이며;
도 15는 체적 모노리스 기준으로 본 개시사항의 실시예 및 비교예 모두에 대한 공극 체적 9-12Å 크기와 9Å 크기 미만의 공극 체적을 비교하여 나타내는 그래프이며; 그리고
도 16은 체적 모노리스 기준으로 본 개시사항의 실시예 및 비교예 모두에 대한 공극 체적 9-27Å 크기와 9Å 크기 미만의 공극 체적을 비교하여 나타내는 그래프이다.
실시예 | 탄소 | 원료 | 회사 |
총 공극 체적,
< 320 Å (g/cc) |
NG 공극 체적,
9-27 Å (g/cc) |
1-3 | 알칼리 활성화 | 톱밥 | Ingevity | 1.14 | 0.78 |
4-5 | PicaChem 8P | 코코넛 껍질 | Calgon | 0.57 | 0.24 |
6-8 | Nuchar® SA-1500 | 톱밥 | Ingevity | 1.21 | 0.57 |
실시예 | 타입 | 탄소 | 바인더 |
바인더
농도 (wt%) |
중량 용량
(lbs/GGE) |
체적 용량 (L/GGE) | * NG 공극 체적의 분율, (%) |
1 | 비교예 | 알칼리 활성화 | CMC | 10 | 36.4 | 25.4 | 0.83 |
2 | 전형적인 구현예 | 알칼리 활성화 | PTFE | 5 | 24.2 | 23.5 | 0.98 |
3 | 전형적인 구현예 | 알칼리 활성화 | KYBLOCK | 10 | 24.1 | 23.6 | 0.93 |
4 | 비교예 | PicaChem 8P | UHMWPE | 15 | 48.6 | 33.7 | 0.89 |
5 | 비교예 | PicaChem 8P | CMC | 12 | 48.4 | 30.8 | 0.85 |
6 | 비교예 | Nuchar® SA-1500 | CMC | 10 | 31.9 | 27.2 | 0.80 |
7 | 비교예 | Nuchar® SA-1500 | UHMWPE | 15 | 33.4 | 30.6 | 0.68 |
8 | 전형적인 구현예 | Nuchar® SA-1500 | PTFE | 5 | 27.6 | 26.1 | 0.94 |
실시예 | 타입 | 탄소 | 바인더 | 바인더 농도, wt% |
직경 변화, (dD), % |
체적 변화, (dD), % |
체적 변화 범위, % |
9 | 전형적인 구현예 | Nuchar® SA-1500 | PTFE | 5 | 1.1 | 3.5 | 2.2 |
10 | 전형적인 구현예 | Nuchar® SA-1500 | PTFE | 5 | 0.5 | 1.6 | |
11 | 전형적인 구현예 | Nuchar® SA-1500 | PTFE | 5 | 0.4 | 1.3 | |
12 | 전형적인 구현예 | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 P | KYBLOCK® | 10 | 0.7 | 2.2 | 1.8 |
13 | 전형적인 구현예 | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 A | KYBLOCK® | 10 | 0.4 | 1.3 | |
2 | 전형적인 구현예 | 목재-기반 KOH 활성화 | KYBLOCK® | 10 | 0.4 | 1.3 | |
14 | 전형적인 구현예 | PICA PW-2 | KYBLOCK® | 10 | 0.1 | 0.4 | |
15 | 비교예 | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 B | CMC | 12.5 | -5.3 | -15.0 | 5.6 |
16 | 비교예 | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 C | CMC | 12.5 | -5.4 | -15.4 | |
17 | 비교예 | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 D | CMC | 12.5 | -5.9 | -16.8 | |
18 | 비교예 | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 E | CMC | 12.5 | -6.0 | -16.9 | |
19 | 비교예 | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 F | CMC | 12.5 | -6.4 | -18.1 | |
20 | 비교예 | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 G | CMC | 12.5 | -6.6 | -18.5 | |
21 | 비교예 | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 H | CMC | 12.5 | -6.7 | -18.9 | |
22 | 비교예 | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 I | CMC | 12.5 | -6.8 | -19.1 | |
23 | 비교예 | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 J | CMC | 12.5 | -7.4 | -20.6 |
실시예 | 탄소 | 바인더 | 모노리스 밀도, kg/L |
공극 체적 9-27Å 크기, cc/g-M |
공극 체적 9-27Å 크기, cc/L-M |
가역적 NG 용량, g/100g-M |
가역적 NG 용량, g per L-M |
체적 용량, L-M/GGE |
2 | 목재-기반 KOH 활성화 |
5 wt% PTFE | 0.409 | 0.679 | 278 | 23.5 | 107.3 | 24.8 |
3 | 목재-기반 KOH 활성화 |
가열된 10 wt% KYBLOCK |
0.451 | 0.614 | 277 | 22.6 | 109.4 | 24.3 |
12 | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 P | 가열된 10 wt% KYBLOCK | 0.475 | 0.422 | 200 | 16.9 | 85.9 | 31.4 |
13 | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 A | 가열된 10 wt% KYBLOCK | 0.558 | 0.370 | 206 | 15.9 | 87.0 | 31.7 |
24 | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 K | 5 wt% PTFE | 0.458 | 0.604 | 277 | 19.2 | 94.1 | 28.0 |
25 | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 L | 5 wt% PTFE | 0.396 | 0.654 | 259 | 19.8 | 89.9 | 29.6 |
26 | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 M | 5 wt% PTFE | 0.409 | 0.629 | 257 | 19.8 | 91.5 | 29.1 |
27 | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 N | 5 wt% PTFE | 0.397 | 0.643 | 255 | 20.3 | 92.8 | 29.0 |
28 | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 O | 5 wt% PTFE | 0.416 | 0.597 | 248 | 19.1 | 89.5 | 29.8 |
8 | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 | 가열된 5 wt% PTFE | 0.479 | 0.489 | 222 | 19.5 | 93.4 | 27.5 |
실시예 | 14 | 3 | 2 | 24 | 27 | 8 |
탄소 | 코코넛 열활성화 | 목재-기반 KOH-활성화 |
목재-기반 산-활성화 |
|||
탄소 "분류" | "경질" | "연질" | "연질" | "연질" | "연질" | "연질" |
바인더 | 10% KYBLOCK | 10% KYBLOCK | 5% PTFE | 5% PTFE | 5% PTFE | 5% PTFE |
모노리스 밀도, kg/L | 0.718 | 0.451 | 0.409 | 0.458 | 0.397 | 0.479 |
모노리스 BET 표면적, m2/g | 908 | 2183 | 2364 | 1933 | 2136 | 1713 |
모노리스 BET 표면적, m2/cc-모노리스 | 652 | 985 | 967 | 885 | 848 | 821 |
가역적 NG 용량, g/100g |
11.0 | 23.4 | 25.3 | 20.0 | 22.3 | 19.5 |
가역적 NG 용량, L-모노리스 당 g |
79.0 | 105.5 | 103.5 | 91.6 | 88.5 | 93.4 |
체적 용량, L-M/GGE | 32.5 | 24.3 | 24.8 | 28.0 | 29.0 | 27.5 |
중량 용량, lb/GGE | 51.5 | 24.2 | 22.4 | 28.3 | 25.4 | 29.0 |
4GGE 탱크에 대한, 모노리스 Wt, lb |
206 | 97 | 89 | 113 | 102 | 116 |
모노리스 중량 대 4 GGE에 대한 "경질" 탄소의 차이, lb | --- | -109 | -116 | -93 | -104 | -90 |
연료 경제성 개선 대 4GGE에 대한 "경질" 탄소 | --- | -3.6% | -3.9% | -3.1% | -3.5% | -3.0% |
100 L 탱크 충전에 대한 모노리스 중량, lb | 159 | 100 | 90 | 101 | 88 | 106 |
모노리스 중량 대 100L에 대한 "경질" 탄소의 차이, lb | --- | -59 | -68 | -57 | -71 | -53 |
연료 경제성 개선 대 100L에 대한 "경질" 탄소 | --- | -2.0% | -2.3% | -1.9% | -2.4% | -1.8% |
실시예 | 12 | 24 | 13 | 2 | 3 | 30 | 1 | 29 |
타입 | 전형적인 구현예 | 비교예 | ||||||
탄소 | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 P | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 K | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 A | 목재-기반 KOH 활성화 | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 R | 목재-기반 KOH 활성화 | 코코넛 열 활성화 | |
바인더 | KYBLOCK | PTFE | KYBLOCK | PTFE | KYBLOCK | CMC | CMC | CMC |
바인더 농도, wt% | 10 | 5 | 10 | 5 | 10 | 8 | 10 | 10 |
모노리스 밀도, kg/L | 0.475 | 0.458 | 0.558 | 0.409 | 0.451 | 0.498 | 0.472 | 0.454 |
언급된 크기의 공극 체적, cc/L-M: | ||||||||
<9Å | 47.4 | 64.0 | 103.1 | 122.4 | 129.4 | 57.9 | 118.8 | 171.8 |
9-12 Å | 51.9 | 84.8 | 80.4 | 124.0 | 121.4 | 64.4 | 114.3 | 42.7 |
12-27 Å | 148.4 | 191.9 | 125.9 | 153.7 | 155.3 | 183.7 | 161.5 | 97.2 |
27-50Å | 125.6 | 53.3 | 14.1 | 25.7 | 26.7 | 121.6 | 62.8 | 2.3 |
50-490Å | 100.6 | 13.5 | 13.8 | 5.2 | 6.9 | 93.2 | 2.0 | 9.8 |
27-490Å | 226.1 | 66.7 | 27.9 | 30.9 | 33.7 | 214.8 | 64.8 | 12.2 |
BET 면적, m2/g-M | 1636 | 1933 | 1309 | 2364 | 2182 | 1824 | 2045 | 990 |
BET 면적, m2/cc-M | 777 | 885 | 731 | 967 | 984 | 908 | 965 | 706 |
제 1사이클 NG 보유력, g/L-M | 10.5 | 10.5 | 11.7 | 10.2 | 17.1 | 8.5 | 17.0 | 17.8 |
체적 용량, L-M/GGE | 31.4 | 28.0 | 30.5 | 24.8 | 24.3 | 27.0 | 20.6 | 30.8 |
제 1 사이클 가역적 NG 용량, cc/L-M | 81.7 | 91.6 | 84.3 | 103.5 | 105.5 | 95.1 | 124.6 | 83.4 |
10 사이클 가역적 NG 용량, cc/L-M | 78.4 | 85.6 | 80.9 | 101.4 | 92.9 | 91.1 | 111.9 | 75.6 |
20 사이클 가역적 NG 용량, cc/L-M | 85.2 | 72.7 | ||||||
가역 용량 손실 0→10 사이클 | -4.1% | -6.5% | -4.0% | -2.0% | -12.0% | -4.2% | -10.2% | -9.4% |
가역 용량 손실 10→20 사이클 | -0.5% | -3.8% | ||||||
누적 가역 용량 손실, 0→20 사이클 | -7.0% | -13% |
실시예 | 25 | 27 | 26 | 28 | 8 | 14 |
탄소 | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 L | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 N | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 M | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 O | 목재-기반 인산 활성화 Q | 코코넛 열 활성화 |
바인더 | PTFE | PTFE | PTFE | PTFE | PTFE | KYBLOCK |
바인더 농도, wt% | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 10 |
모노리스 밀도, kg/L | 0.396 | 0.397 | 0.409 | 0.416 | 0.479 | 0.718 |
언급된 크기의 공극 체적, cc/L-M | ||||||
<9Å | 44.2 | 48.1 | 52.4 | 64.0 | 67.5 | 152.8 |
9-12 Å | 67.5 | 68.6 | 69.0 | 77.1 | 57.1 | 42.0 |
12-26.5 Å | 191.3 | 186.8 | 188.4 | 171.2 | 165.3 | 84.3 |
26.5-50Å | 91.1 | 81.0 | 83.7 | 50.2 | 101.8 | 9.5 |
50-490Å | 29.0 | 41.5 | 37.6 | 14.8 | 84.7 | 18.2 |
27-490Å | 120.1 | 122.5 | 121.3 | 65.1 | 186.5 | 27.7 |
BET 면적, m2/g-M | 2174 | 2136 | 2119 | 1944 | 1713 | 908 |
BET 면적, m2/cc-M | 861 | 848 | 867 | 809 | 821 | 652 |
NG 보유력, g/L | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.9 | 5.4 | 11.5 | 15.8 |
Claims (41)
- 9Å 크기보다 작은 공극에서 ≥ 44.2 cc/L-M 체적 및 ≤ 129.4 cc/L-M 체적; 9-27Å 크기의 공극에서 ≥ 200.3 cc/L-M 체적 및 ≤ 277.7 cc/L-M 체적; 및 27-490Å 크기의 공극에서 > 50 cc/L-M 체적 및 ≤ 226.1 cc/L-M 체적; 그리고 ≥ 0.4 g/cc의 파트 밀도를 포함하는, 가스 흡착 물질을 포함하는 적어도 하나의 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스를 포함하는 가스 저장 시스템과 가스를 접촉시키는 단계를 포함하며,
상기 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스는 ≤ 40 lbs/GGE의 작업 중량 용량 및 < 35 L/GGE의 체적 용량 중 적어도 하나를 갖는, 가스를 저장하는 방법. - 삭제
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 작업 중량 용량이 ≤ 40 lbs/GGE인, 가스를 저장하는 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 체적 용량이 30 L/GGE 이하인, 가스를 저장하는 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스는 가스 흡착 물질 및 비-수성 바인더를 포함하는, 가스를 저장하는 방법. - 제 5 항에 있어서,
상기 비-수성 바인더는 플루오로 중합체, 폴리아미드, 폴리이미드, 피브릴화 셀룰로오스, 고-성능 플라스틱, 플루오로 중합체와의 공중합체, 폴리아미드와의 공중합체, 폴리이미드와의 공중합체, 고-성능 플라스틱과의 공중합체, 또는 이의 조합 중 적어도 하나인, 가스를 저장하는 방법. - 제 6 항에 있어서,
상기 플루오로 중합체는 폴리(비닐리덴 디플루오라이드), 폴리테트라플루오로에틸렌, 플루오르화 에틸렌 프로필렌, 퍼플루오로알콕시 알칸, 또는 이의 조합 중 적어도 하나인, 가스를 저장하는 방법. - 제 6 항에 있어서,
상기 폴리아미드는 나일론-6,6', 나일론-6, 나일론-6,12, 또는 이의 조합 중 적어도 하나인, 가스를 저장하는 방법. - 제 5 항에 있어서,
상기 비-수성 바인더는 10 wt% 이하의 양으로 존재하거나;
상기 가스 흡착 물질은 적어도 90 wt%의 양으로 존재하거나;
상기 비-수성 바인더는 상기 비-수성 바인더의 50 wt% 내지 70 wt%의 분산물이거나; 또는
이의 조합 중 적어도 하나인, 가스를 저장하는 방법. - 제 5 항에 있어서,
상기 비-수성 바인더는 2.5 wt% 내지 7 wt%의 양으로 존재하거나,
상기 가스 흡착 물질은 적어도 93 wt%의 양으로 존재하거나;
상기 비-수성 바인더는 상기 비-수성 바인더의 55 wt% 내지 65 wt%의 분산물이거나; 또는
이의 조합 중 적어도 하나인, 가스를 저장하는 방법. - 제 5 항에 있어서,
상기 가스 흡착 물질은 활성탄, 제올라이트, 실리카, 금속 유기 골격, 공유 결합 유기 골격, 또는 이의 조합 중 적어도 하나인, 가스를 저장하는 방법. - 제 11 항에 있어서,
상기 활성탄은 목재, 피트 모스, 코코넛 껍질, 석탄, 호두 껍질, 합성 중합체 및 천연 중합체로 구성되는 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 하나로부터 제조되는, 가스를 저장하는 방법. - 제 11 항에 있어서,
상기 활성탄은 열적으로 활성화되거나, 화학적으로 활성화되거나, 또는 이의 조합인, 가스를 저장하는 방법. - 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스로서,
9Å 크기보다 작은 공극에서 ≥ 44.2 cc/L-M 체적 및 ≤ 129.4 cc/L-M 체적; 9-27Å 크기의 공극에서 ≥ 200.3 cc/L-M 체적 및 ≤ 277.7 cc/L-M 체적; 및 27-490Å 크기의 공극에서 > 50 cc/L-M 체적 및 ≤ 226.1 cc/L-M 체적; 그리고 ≥ 0.4 g/cc의 파트 밀도를 포함하는 가스 흡착 물질을 포함하며;
상기 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스는 ≤ 40 lbs/GGE의 작업 중량 용량 및 < 35 L/GGE의 체적 용량 중 적어도 하나를 갖는, 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스. - 제 14 항에 있어서,
비-수성 바인더를 추가로 포함하는, 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스. - 제 15 항에 있어서,
상기 비-수성 바인더는 플루오로 중합체, 폴리아미드, 폴리이미드, 피브릴화 셀룰로오스, 고-성능 플라스틱, 플루오로 중합체와의 공중합체, 폴리아미드와의 공중합체, 폴리이미드와의 공중합체, 고-성능 플라스틱과의 공중합체, 또는 이의 조합 중 적어도 하나인, 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스. - 제 16 항에 있어서,
상기 플루오로 중합체는 폴리(비닐리덴 디플루오라이드), 플루오르화 에틸렌 프로필렌, 퍼플루오로알콕시 알칸, 및 폴리테트라플루오로에틸렌으로 구성되는 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 하나의 플루오로 중합체인, 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스. - 제 16 항에 있어서,
상기 폴리아미드는 나일론-6,6', 나일론-6, 및 나일론-6,12로 구성되는 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 하나의 폴리아미드인, 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스. - 제 15 항에 있어서,
상기 비-수성 바인더는 10 wt% 이하의 양으로 존재하는, 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스. - 제 14 항에 있어서,
상기 가스 흡착 물질은 적어도 90 wt%의 양으로 존재하는, 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스. - 제 14 항에 있어서,
상기 가스 흡착 물질은 활성탄, 제올라이트, 실리카, 금속 유기 골격, 공유 결합 유기 골격, 또는 이의 조합 중 적어도 하나인, 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스. - 제 21 항에 있어서,
상기 활성탄은 목재, 피트 모스(peat moss), 코코넛 껍질, 석탄, 호두 껍질, 합성 중합체 및 천연 중합체로 구성되는 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 하나로부터 제조되는, 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스. - 제 21 항에 있어서,
상기 활성탄은 열적으로 활성화되거나, 화학적으로 활성화되거나, 또는 이의 조합인, 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스. - 제 15 항에 있어서,
상기 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스는;
상기 작업 중량 용량이 ≤ 30 lbs/GGE이거나;
상기 체적 용량이 30 L/GGE 미만이거나;
상기 가스 흡착 물질이 적어도 93 wt%의 양으로 존재하거나;
상기 비-수성 바인더가 2.5 wt% 내지 7 wt%의 양으로 존재하거나;
상기 비-수성 바인더가 상기 비-수성 바인더의 50 wt% 내지 70 wt%의 분산물이거나; 또는
이의 조합 중 적어도 하나를 갖는, 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스. - 제 24 항에 있어서,
상기 파트 밀도는 0.4 g/cc 내지 0.75 g/cc 범위인, 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스. - 제 14 항에 있어서,
상기 파트 밀도는 0.4 g/cc 내지 0.6 g/cc의 범위인, 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스. - 제 14 항에 있어서,
상기 작업 중량 용량은 < 28 lbs/GGE인, 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스. - 가스 흡착 물질과 비-수성 바인더를 혼합하는 단계; 및
혼합물을 성형 구조물로 압축하거나 또는 혼합물을 형상으로 압출시키는 단계를 포함하는, 제14항의 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스를 제조하는 방법. - 제 28 항에 있어서,
압축된 혼합물에 열을 적용하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는, 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스를 제조하는 방법. - 제 28 항에 있어서,
상기 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스는:
상기 비-수성 바인더가 플루오로 중합체, 폴리아미드, 폴리이미드, 피브릴화 셀룰로오스, 고-성능 플라스틱, 플루오로 중합체와의 공중합체, 폴리아미드와의 공중합체, 폴리이미드와의 공중합체, 고-성능 플라스틱과의 공중합체 또는 이의 조합 중 적어도 하나이거나;
상기 가스 흡착 물질이 활성탄, 제올라이트, 실리카, 금속 유기 골격, 공유 결합 유기 골격, 또는 이의 조합 중 적어도 하나이거나; 또는
이의 조합 중 적어도 하나를 갖는, 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스를 제조하는 방법. - 제 28 항에 있어서,
상기 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스는;
9Å 크기보다 작은 공극에서 ≥ 44.2 cc/L-M 체적 및 ≤ 129.4 cc/L-M 체적;
9-27Å 크기의 공극에서 ≥ 200.3 cc/L-M 체적 및 ≤ 277.7 cc/L-M 체적;
27-490Å 크기의 공극에서 > 50 cc/L-M 체적 및 ≤ 226.1 cc/L-M 체적;
≤ 40 lbs/GGE의 작업 중량 용량;
< 35 L/GGE의 체적 용량;
상기 가스 흡착 물질이 적어도 90 wt%의 양으로 존재하거나;
상기 비-수성 바인더가 10 wt% 이하의 양으로 존재하거나; 또는
이의 조합 중 적어도 하나를 갖는, 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스를 제조하는 방법. - 제 28 항에 있어서,
상기 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스는:
0.4 g/cc 내지 0.75 g/cc 범위의 파트 밀도;
작업 중량 용량이 30 lbs/GGE 미만이거나;
체적 용량이 30 L/GGE 미만이거나;
상기 가스 흡착 물질이 적어도 93 wt%의 양으로 존재하거나;
상기 비-수성 바인더가 2.5 wt% 내지 7 wt%의 양으로 존재하거나;
상기 비-수성 바인더가 상기 비-수성 바인더의 50 wt% 내지 70 wt%의 분산물이거나; 또는
이의 조합 중 적어도 하나를 갖는, 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스를 제조하는 방법. - 제 28 항에 있어서,
상기 혼합물을 압축시키는 단계는 적어도 1250 psi의 압력을 적용하는 단계를 포함하는, 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스를 제조하는 방법. - 제 33 항에 있어서,
상기 압력은 1500 psi보다 큰, 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스를 제조하는 방법. - 제 28 항에 있어서,
상기 성형 구조물 또는 압출에 의한 상기 형상은 실린더, 계란형 프리즘, 큐브, 타원형 프리즘, 또는 직각형 프리즘(rectangular prism)인, 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스를 제조하는 방법. - 콘테이너; 및
내부에 배치된 제14항의 상기 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스를 포함하는, 가스 저장 시스템. - 제 36 항에 있어서,
상기 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스는 비-수성 바인더를 추가로 포함하는, 가스 저장 시스템. - 제 37 항에 있어서,
상기 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스는:
상기 비-수성 바인더가 플루오로 중합체, 폴리아미드, 폴리이미드, 피브릴화 셀룰로오스, 고-성능 플라스틱, 플루오로 중합체와의 공중합체, 폴리아미드와의 공중합체, 폴리이미드와의 공중합체, 고-성능 플라스틱과의 공중합체 또는 이의 조합 중 적어도 하나이거나;
상기 가스 흡착 물질이 활성탄, 제올라이트, 실리카, 금속 유기 골격, 공유 결합 유기 골격, 또는 이의 조합 중 적어도 하나이거나; 또는
이의 조합 중 적어도 하나를 갖는, 가스 저장 시스템. - 제 36 항에 있어서,
상기 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스는:
상기 가스 흡착 물질이 적어도 90 wt%의 양으로 존재하거나;
비-수성 바인더를 추가로 포함하며, 상기 비-수성 바인더가 10 wt% 이하의 양으로 존재하거나;
상기 비-수성 바인더가 상기 비-수성 바인더의 50 wt% 내지 70 wt%의 분산물이거나; 또는
이의 조합 중 적어도 하나를 갖는, 가스 저장 시스템. - 제 36 항에 있어서,
상기 다공성 가스 흡착제 모노리스는:
≤ 40 lbs/GGE의 작업 중량 용량;
< 35 L/GGE의 체적 용량;
상기 가스 흡착 물질이 적어도 93 wt%의 양으로 존재하거나;
비-수성 바인더를 추가로 포함하며, 상기 비-수성 바인더가 7 wt% 이하의 양으로 존재하거나;
상기 비-수성 바인더가 상기 비-수성 바인더의 55 wt% 내지 65 wt%의 분산물이거나; 또는
이의 조합 중 적어도 하나를 갖는, 가스 저장 시스템. - 제 36 항에 있어서,
상기 콘테이너는 적어도 1,000 psi를 견딜 수 있도록 구성되는, 가스 저장 시스템.
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