KR102379089B1 - Vuilleumier heat pump using gas spring - Google Patents

Abstract

To a Vermeier heat pump according to the present invention, various control according to the motion conditions of the piston by configuring a gas spring capable of varying the K value according to the motion condition of the piston instead of a coil spring having a constant spring constant value (K) It is possible to improve the performance of the heat pump.

Description

Vuilleumier heat pump using gas spring

The present invention relates to a heat pump, and more particularly to a Vuilleumier heat pump.

A basic heat pump system is a device that absorbs heat from a low-temperature heat source such as outside air, low-temperature water, or well water, creates a high-temperature heat source such as warm indoor air or hot water, and releases heat where heat is needed.

In order to move heat from the low temperature part to the high temperature part, driving energy is required.

It is common to classify air-to-air, air-to-water, water-to-air and water-to-water methods according to the heat exchange medium of the heat source side (the part that receives heat from the heat pump) and the part that emits heat from the heat pump.

In geothermal heat pump systems widely used in Europe and North America, geothermal heat is used as an important heat source, so geothermal-to-water or geothermal-to-air methods can also be considered.

In addition to electric energy, there is an example of driving using thermal energy, and an absorption type heat pump using steam, high temperature water, combustion gas, etc. is a representative example. There is also a method of obtaining power by using an engine that directly burns fuel and using it to drive a compressor for compression of a refrigerant. There are many systems that use an engine that burns gas to operate a heat pump.

A Stirling engine driven heat pump and a VM (Vuilleumier) cycle heat pump using an engine driven by a heat source have also been widely studied, and commercialization is starting.

The biggest feature of the heat pump system is that it can supply more energy in the form of heat energy than the energy required for driving. This point makes it possible to use energy rationally when using a heat pump.

The ratio of the magnitude of the output heat energy supplied by the heat pump to the input energy required for driving the heat pump is called a coefficient of performance (COP), and in most cases has a value greater than 1.

The basic cycle of a vapor compression heat pump driven by electric energy consists of a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device and an evaporator. When a low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant is compressed into a high-pressure gas with a temperature higher than that of the atmosphere (or indoor air), heat can be released to the atmosphere (or indoor air). It's a basic concept.

The heat dissipation occurs in the condenser, and at the same time, the refrigerant, which is the working fluid, is cooled and becomes a high-pressure liquid. When the pressure is lowered by using an expansion device such as an expansion valve or a capillary tube, the temperature of the refrigerant drops rapidly, and at this time, it becomes a low-temperature, low-pressure, saturated refrigerant. Since a refrigerant in a low-temperature state can absorb heat from the outside, when it absorbs heat from the atmosphere (or heat source) using an evaporator, it becomes a low-temperature, low-pressure gas. A heat pump cycle that radiates heat is achieved.

Since the heat pump and the refrigerator have the same cycle, they can be operated for heating and cooling. This can be operated as a heat pump when the compressed gaseous refrigerant is first sent indoors, and a refrigerator (gas conditioner) when it is sent outdoors first.

The heat pump is injected with a refrigerant (Freon gas) that transports heat. The refrigerant evaporates (liquid -> gas) while absorbing heat from the outside (heat source) in the evaporator and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas and is sucked into the compressor. As the refrigerant is compressed in the compressor, it becomes a high-temperature and high-pressure state and is transferred to the condenser, and the condenser releases heat (used as warm air or hot water) and the refrigerant is liquefied. The high-pressure liquefied refrigerant is decompressed at the expansion valve, and the low-pressure and low-temperature liquefied refrigerant enters the evaporator.

The heat pump recovers low-temperature heat while repeating this cycle, and generates necessary high-temperature heat by adding power to the compressor. After all, the heat pump has a function of transporting heat, not a device that produces heat, and the name of the heat pump was named with a conceptual meaning as a device that raises low-temperature heat into high-temperature heat like a pump. This heat pump is described in comparison with a general refrigerator as follows. The refrigerator operates in the same cycle as the heat pump, but in the process of absorbing heat from the evaporator, it generates cooling heat (using cold air and cold water) and uses it for cooling. of the cooling tower). Of course, since the heat pump has the same function as a refrigerator if the direction of use of warm and cold heat on the evaporator and condenser sides is changed, cooling and heating (hot water supply) can be performed simultaneously with one heat pump.

The principle of the Vuilleumier Heat Pump stirling engine is to follow the Stirling cycle. The P-V diagram of the Stirling cycle is:

1 is a P-V diagram showing an ideal Stirling cycle. However, the P-V diagram of the Stirling engine in reality is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 .

In order to achieve efficiency performance close to the ideal Stirling cycle, as shown in the ideal Stirling cycle P-V diagram, it is necessary to design the heat pump function to respond to the V-Constant pressure change in the 2->3 and 4->1 sections.

For this function, it is necessary to improve the structure of the piston responsible for the flow of the working fluid inside the heat pump.

In the Stirling engine, two pistons are connected with a crank as shown in FIG. 4, so that the piston of the low temperature part operates with a constant phase difference according to the operation of the high temperature part. Accordingly, a sine wave-shaped piston operation curve as shown in FIG. 5 appears.

Although the Vuilleumier heat pump having the same structure as in FIG. 6 has been proposed, the planar volume of the structure of the heat pump can be reduced. Therefore, the displacement of the displacer cannot be in a state where it can have the maximum volume, and the time to receive heat from the high-temperature heat source and the time to absorb heat of the heat pump cannot be adjusted.

Therefore, in order to follow the ideal P-V diagram of the Stirling cycle, it is necessary to change the piston phase as the pistons operate individually. When the movement of the piston is adjusted, the piston operation speed and volume retention time change, and accordingly, the heat transfer time and the state change path change, so a change in the state change tendency occurs. By allowing proper control of the position and operating speed of the heat pump, the efficiency of the heat pump can be significantly changed.

The Vuilleumier Heat Pump is an engine that replaces the compression process of the stirling engine with a thermodynamic compression process. Therefore, the Vuilleumier Heat Pump cannot obtain the same large power as the strling engine, but it is mainly used as a heating and cooling unit rather than a power engine because of its high performance as a heating and cooling unit. The Vuilleumier Heat Pump needs to design the function of the heat pump to approximate the path of the ideal Carnot heat pump cycle in the sections 2->3 and 4->1 in the P-V diagram of the Stirling engine.

The content of the background art described above is technical information that the inventor of this application had for the purpose of derivation of the present invention or acquired in the process of derivation of the present invention, and it is necessarily a known technique disclosed to the general public prior to the filing of the present invention. can't

US 2015/0075209A1

The present invention has been devised to solve the above needs, and with respect to a Vuilleumier heat pump having a piston mechanism that can be individually operated, a spring structure for restoring a unidirectional actuator is configured as a gas spring device, thereby improving actuator control performance, An object of the present invention is to provide a Vermeier heat pump using a gas spring that can improve control speed and position control precision.

In the Bulmier heat pump using a gas spring according to the present invention for realizing the above object, the Bulmier heat pump having a piston mechanism that can be operated individually, the rod of the piston in the housing in which the piston reciprocates is A gas chamber is configured in the moving space, and the internal pressure of the gas chamber can be changed according to the reciprocating motion state of the piston so as to vary the elastic force of the gas spring provided to the piston through the gas chamber. do it with

The main problem solving means of the present invention as described above will be described more specifically and clearly through examples such as 'specific contents for the implementation of the invention' or the attached 'drawings' to be described below, at this time In addition to the main problem solving means as described above, various problem solving means according to the present invention will be further presented and described.

In the Burlmier heat pump using a gas spring according to the present invention, instead of a coil spring having a constant spring constant value (K), a gas spring capable of varying the K value according to the motion condition of the piston is configured. There is an effect that can improve the performance of the heat pump by allowing various control according to this.

1 to 6 are reference views for deriving the present invention.
7 to 9 are views for explaining a Vermeier heat pump using a gas spring according to the present invention.

A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9 .

A piston that moves up and down is configured in the housing.

The housing is divided into two chamber regions (eg, a high-temperature chamber and a low-temperature chamber) with the interior of the piston as the center.

The piston moves up and down through the interaction of permanent magnet A and electromagnetic coil A.

A gas chamber (A) in which a gas spring acts when the piston moves up and down is configured in a space in which the piston rod connected to the piston moves.

The gas chamber is provided with a gas actuator that changes the elastic force (K) of the gas spring. The gas actuator is configured to change the spring constant K implemented in the gas chamber A through the spaces c and b by changing the internal volume in a diaphragm manner.

The method of operating the diaphragm can use an electromagnet actuator using a permanent magnet B and an electromagnetic coil B. It is also possible to configure using a hydraulic pressure type, a linear motor, or the like.

Therefore, when the piston moves up and down by the permanent magnet A and the electromagnetic coil A, the movement speed of the piston is controlled by appropriately changing the position of the diaphragm using the permanent magnet B and the electromagnetic coil B, thereby meeting the need for heat pump control. Various controls are possible accordingly.

For example, if the diaphragm is advanced when the piston rises, the force required for the piston to rise is doubled (increasing the reaction force) to a certain extent. will do

When the elastic force of the gas spring provided to the piston is controlled in this way, the control performance, control speed, and position control precision of the heat pump can be improved.

Using this structure, the operation of the piston can be operated as shown in the graph of FIG. 8 .

In addition, by making the phase change of the piston drawing a curve close to a square wave as shown in FIG. 9, it is possible to give a pressure change in an equal condition without changing the volume of the PV diagram, which was operated simultaneously through the conventional crank to cause a volume change. can increase the efficiency of

As described above, the technical ideas described in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented independently, or may be implemented in combination with each other. In addition, although the present invention has been described through the embodiments described in the drawings and detailed description of the invention, these are merely exemplary, and those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains may make various modifications and equivalent other embodiments therefrom. possible. Accordingly, the technical protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the appended claims.

Claims (1)

In the Vulmeier heat pump having an individually operable piston mechanism,
a piston moving up and down in the vertical direction through the interaction between the first permanent magnet and the first electromagnetic coil;
a housing whose interior is divided into two chamber regions, a high-temperature chamber and a low-temperature chamber, based on the piston;
a gas chamber in which a gas spring acts in a space in which the piston reciprocating up and down in the housing and a piston rod connected to the piston move when the piston moves up and down; and
A gas actuator for controlling the elastic force of the gas spring by changing the position of the diaphragm moving in the horizontal direction through the interaction between the second permanent magnet and the second electromagnetic coil;
The gas actuator advances the diaphragm when the piston rises, and moves the diaphragm backward when the piston descends to control the elastic force of the gas spring provided to the piston. Pump.

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