KR102376275B1 - 천연가스의 이산화탄소 분리 시스템 및 방법 - Google Patents
천연가스의 이산화탄소 분리 시스템 및 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102376275B1 KR102376275B1 KR1020150068249A KR20150068249A KR102376275B1 KR 102376275 B1 KR102376275 B1 KR 102376275B1 KR 1020150068249 A KR1020150068249 A KR 1020150068249A KR 20150068249 A KR20150068249 A KR 20150068249A KR 102376275 B1 KR102376275 B1 KR 102376275B1
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 326
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 276
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 17
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
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- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWRWFPQBGSZWNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N2CN(N=O)CN1CN(N=O)C2 MWRWFPQBGSZWNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940112112 capex Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- FEBLZLNTKCEFIT-VSXGLTOVSA-N fluocinolone acetonide Chemical compound C1([C@@H](F)C2)=CC(=O)C=C[C@]1(C)[C@]1(F)[C@@H]2[C@@H]2C[C@H]3OC(C)(C)O[C@@]3(C(=O)CO)[C@@]2(C)C[C@@H]1O FEBLZLNTKCEFIT-VSXGLTOVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 that is Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
- F25J1/008—Hydrocarbons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0204—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the feed stream
- F25J3/0209—Natural gas or substitute natural gas
- F25J3/0214—Liquefied natural gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
- F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
- F25J2220/66—Separating acid gases, e.g. CO2, SO2, H2S or RSH
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/08—Internal refrigeration by flash gas recovery loop
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명에 따른 천연가스의 이산화탄소 제거 시스템 및 방법은 천연가스 액화공정의 전처리 공정에서 천연가스로부터 이산화탄소를 제거하는 시스템에 있어서, 가스전으로부터 시추한 천연가스를 냉각시켜 천연가스에 포함된 이산화탄소를 고체화시켜 분리하는 냉각분리기; 및 기 냉각분리기에서 분리된 천연가스를 액화시켜 LNG를 생산하는 액화 공정 유닛을 포함하되, 상기 냉각분리기의 냉열원을 상기 액화 공정 유닛으로부터 공급받는다.
Description
도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시 예에 따른 천연가스의 이산화탄소 제거 시스템의 개념도이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 다른 일 실시 예에 따른 천연가스의 이산화탄소 제거 시스템의 개념도이다.
도 4는 본 발명의 일 실시 예에 따른 냉각분리기의 구성도이다.
10 : 냉각분리기(Refrigeration and Separation Unit)
11 : 본체
30 : 천연가스 액화 공정 유닛 (Purified Natural Gas Liquefaction Unit)
31 : 천연가스 냉각기(Natural Gas Cooler)
32 : 냉매 사이클 (Refrigerant Cycle)
33 : LNG 저장탱크 (LNG Storage Tank)
41 : 천연가스 공급 조절 밸브
42 : 천연가스 배출 조절 밸브
43 : 냉매 공급 조절 밸브
51 : 체
44 : 열교환 라인
45 : 열매 공급라인
SL, 21 : 피드가스 공급라인(Feed Natural Gas Supply Line)
SL1 : 제1 피드가스 공급라인(Divaricate Feed Natural Gas Supply Line)
NL, 22 : 배출라인(Gas Discharge Line)
RL : 냉매공급라인(Refrigerant Supply Line)
RL1 : 제1 냉매공급라인(Divaricate Refrigerant Supply Line)
GL : 가스 회수라인 (Flash Gas Recovery Line)
GL1 : 제1가스 회수라인(Divaricate Flash Gas Recovery Line)
Claims (8)
- 천연가스 액화공정의 전처리 공정에서 천연가스로부터 이산화탄소를 제거하는 시스템에 있어서,
가스전으로부터 시추한 천연가스를 냉각시켜 천연가스에 포함된 이산화탄소를 고체화시켜 분리하는 냉각분리기; 및
상기 냉각분리기에서 분리된 천연가스를 액화시켜 LNG를 생산하는 액화 공정 유닛을 포함하되,
상기 가스전에서 시추된 천연가스를 액화시키기 전에, 상기 액화 공정 유닛으로부터 공급받은 냉열원을 이용하여 냉각시킴으로써 상기 천연가스에 포함된 이산화탄소를 고체화시켜 분리제거하는, 천연가스의 이산화탄소 제거 시스템. - 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 액화 공정 유닛은
상기 천연가스의 액화를 위해 천연가스를 냉각시키는 천연가스 냉각기와
상기 천연가스 냉각기에 냉열원을 공급하는 냉매 사이클을 포함하고,
상기 냉매 사이클로부터 재생되어 액화 공정 유닛의 천연가스 냉각기로 냉매를 공급하는 냉매공급라인; 및
상기 천연가스 냉각기에서 생성되는 LNG를 저장하는 저장탱크와
상기 저장탱크에서 발생하는 플래쉬 가스(Flash Gas)를 회수하는 가스 회수라인;을 포함하는 천연가스의 이산화탄소 제거 시스템. - 청구항 2에 있어서,
상기 냉매공급라인으로부터 분기되는 제1냉매공급라인;을 포함하고,
상기 냉각분리기의 냉열원은 상기 제1냉매공급라인을 통해 공급받는 냉매인 천연가스의 이산화탄소 제거 시스템. - 청구항 2에 있어서,
상기 가스 회수라인으로부터 분기되는 제1가스 회수라인;을 포함하고,
상기 냉각분리기의 냉열원은 상기 제1가스 회수라인을 통해 공급받는 플래쉬 가스인 천연가스의 이산화탄소 제거 시스템. - 청구항 3 또는 4에 있어서,
상기 냉각분리기는
이산화탄소를 고체화시킨 후,
상기 냉각분리기로 열원을 공급하여 이산화탄소를 기화시켜 배출시키는 천연가스의 이산화탄소 제거 시스템. - 청구항 5에 있어서,
상기 열원은 상기 냉각분리기로 시추된 천연가스를 공급하는 피드가스(Feed Gas) 공급라인으로부터 분기되는 제1피드가스 공급라인을 통해 공급받는 천연가스인 천연가스의 이산화탄소 제거 시스템. - 천연가스 액화공정의 전처리 공정에서 천연가스로부터 이산화탄소를 제거하는 방법에 있어서,
가스전으로부터 시추한 천연가스를 냉각분리기로 공급하여 천연가스에 포함된 이산화탄소를 고체화시키는 단계; 및
상기 고체 이산화탄소와 천연가스를 분리배출하는 단계;를 포함하고,
상기 가스전에서 시추된 천연가스를 액화시키기 전에, 상기 천연가스를 액화시키는 냉매 또는 LNG 저장탱크의 플래쉬 가스 중 어느 하나를 이용하여 냉각시킴으로써 이산화탄소를 고체화시켜 분리제거하는, 천연가스의 이산화탄소 제거 방법. - 청구항 7에 있어서,
상기 고체 이산화탄소와 천연가스를 분리배출하는 단계는
기체 상의 천연가스를 배출시키는 단계와
상기 고체 이산화탄소는 상기 냉각분리기로 공급하는 시추된 천연가스를 이용하여 가열시키는 단계를 포함하는 천연가스의 이산화탄소 제거 방법.
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JP2007163070A (ja) * | 2005-12-15 | 2007-06-28 | Sekiyu Combinat Kodo Togo Unei Gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai | 二酸化炭素の液化方法 |
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