KR102372645B1 - 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 - Google Patents
리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102372645B1 KR102372645B1 KR1020150014651A KR20150014651A KR102372645B1 KR 102372645 B1 KR102372645 B1 KR 102372645B1 KR 1020150014651 A KR1020150014651 A KR 1020150014651A KR 20150014651 A KR20150014651 A KR 20150014651A KR 102372645 B1 KR102372645 B1 KR 102372645B1
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- Prior art keywords
- lithium
- active material
- coating layer
- group
- metal
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910018119 Li 3 PO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- -1 Li3PO4 compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910018071 Li 2 O 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001386 lithium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021450 lithium metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 23
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003660 carbonate based solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 5
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- PBKONEOXTCPAFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 PBKONEOXTCPAFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007847 structural defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-difluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1F GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-valerolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCO1 OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical group [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005456 alcohol based solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052795 boron group element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052800 carbon group element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound [CH2]COC(=O)OCCC QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003709 fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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Images
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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Abstract
상기 화합물의 표면의 적어도 일부에 위치하는 코팅층을 포함하고,
상기 화합물은 금속 M으로 도핑되어 있고, 상기 금속 M은 Mg, Ca, Ni, Ti, Al, Si, Sn, Mn, Cr, Fe, B 및 Zr로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 적어도 하나의 원소이며,
상기 코팅층은 Li3P04를 포함하고,
상기 코팅층은 리튬 금속 화합물, 금속 산화물, 및/또는 이들의 조합을 더 포함하는 복합 코팅층이며,
상기 복합 코팅층은 산화제를 통한 산화 및 상기 Li3PO4 화합물을 구성하는 P를 통한 환원을 통하여 형성 되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질을 제공한다.
Description
방전용량 (mAh/g) |
효율 | 1CY 방전용량 |
20CY 방전용량 |
30CY 방전용량 |
수명특성 (20CY/ 1CY, %) |
수명특성 (30CY/ 1CY, %) |
율특성 (1.0/0.2C, %) |
|
실시예1 | 192.17 | 97.59 | 186.23 | 181.66 | 179.44 | 97.55 | 96.35 | 96.81 |
실시예2 | 202.28 | 91.17 | 196.37 | 184.47 | 182.37 | 93.94 | 92.87 | 91.54 |
비교예1 | 192.33 | 97.64 | 186.09 | 181.02 | 176.23 | 97.28 | 94.70 | 96.12 |
비교예2 | 202.49 | 91.06 | 196.64 | 182.74 | 179.67 | 92.93 | 91.37 | 91.34 |
비교예3 | 193.47 | 96.37 | 187.10 | 178.93 | 170.94 | 95.63 | 91.36 | 96.81 |
Claims (13)
- 리튬의 가역적인 인터칼레이션 및 디인터칼레이션이 가능한 화합물; 및
상기 화합물의 표면의 적어도 일부에 위치하는 코팅층을 포함하고,
상기 화합물은 금속 M과 F로 도핑되어 있고, 상기 금속 M은 Mg, Ca, Ni, Ti, Al, Si, Sn, Mn, Cr, Fe, B 및 Zr로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 적어도 하나의 원소이며,
상기 코팅층은 Li3P04를 포함하고,
상기 코팅층은 리튬 금속 화합물, 금속 산화물, 및/또는 이들의 조합을 더 포함하는 복합 코팅층이며,
상기 복합 코팅층은 산화제를 통한 산화 및 상기 Li3PO4 화합물을 구성하는 P를 통한 환원을 통하여 형성 되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 복합 코팅층 내 포함된 Li3PO4, 및/또는 리튬 금속 화합물의 리튬은,
상기 리튬의 가역적인 인터칼레이션 및 디인터칼레이션이 가능한 화합물 내에 포함되는 Li으로부터 기인되거나, 별도의 Li 공급 물질로부터 기인된 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 복합 코팅층 내 포함된 리튬 금속 화합물, 및/또는 금속 산화물에서 금속은 Na, K, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ni, Co, Ti, Al, Si, Sn, Mn, Cr, Fe, V, Zr 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 금속 M으로 도핑 된 화합물에서 금속 M은 Mg, Ca, Ti 인 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 산화제는 Li2O2 인 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 복합 코팅층 내 포함된 리튬 금속 산화물은 Li2ZrO3, Li2SiO3, Li4SiO4, 또는 이들의 조합인 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 복합 코팅층 내 포함된 금속 산화물은 ZrO2, SiO2, 또는 이들의 조합인 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 리튬의 가역적인 인터칼레이션 및 디인터칼레이션이 가능한 화합물은, LiaA1-bXbD2(0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5); LiaA1-bXbO2-cTc(0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05); LiE1-bXbO2-cDc(0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05); LiE2-bXbO4-cTc(0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05); LiaNi1-b-cCobXcDα(0.90 ≤ a ≤1.8, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05, 0 < α ≤ 2); LiaNi1-b-cCobXcO2-αTα(0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05, 0 < α < 2); LiaNi1-b-cMnbXcDα(0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05, 0 < α ≤ 2); LiaNi1-b-cMnbXcO2-αTα(0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05, 0 < α < 2); LiaNibEcGdO2-eTe(0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.9, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.5, 0.001 ≤ d ≤ 0.1, 0 ≤ e ≤ 0.05); LiaNibCocMndGeO2-fTf (0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.9, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.5, 0 ≤ d ≤0.5, 0.001 ≤ e ≤ 0.1, 0 ≤ f ≤ 0.05); LiaNiGbO2-cTc (0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8, 0.001 ≤ b ≤ 0.1, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05); LiaCoGbO2-cTc (0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8, 0.001 ≤ b ≤ 0.1, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05); LiaMnGbO2-cTc (0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8, 0.001 ≤ b ≤ 0.1, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05); LiaMn2GbO2-cTc (0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8, 0.001 ≤ b ≤ 0.1, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05); LiaMnGbPO4(0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.8, 0.001 ≤ b ≤ 0.1); LiNiVO4; 및 Li(3-f)J2(PO4)3(0 ≤ f ≤ 2) 로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 적어도 하나인 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질:
상기 화학식에 있어서, A는 Ni, Co, Mn, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되고; X는 Al, Ni, Co, Mn, Cr, Fe, Mg, Sr, V, 희토류 원소 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되고; D는 O, F, S, P, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되고; E는 Co, Mn, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되고; T는 F, S, P, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되고; G는 Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Mg, La, Ce, Sr, V, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되고;J는 V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된다. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 양극 활물질의 총 중량에 대한 상기 복합 코팅층의 함량은 0.2 내지 2.0 중량% 인 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질.
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 제1항 내지 제9항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질을 포함하는 양극;
음극 활물질을 포함하는 음극; 및
전해질;
을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지.
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