KR102220117B1 - 유량이 향상된 내산성 나노분리막 및 이의 제조방법 - Google Patents
유량이 향상된 내산성 나노분리막 및 이의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102220117B1 KR102220117B1 KR1020170037649A KR20170037649A KR102220117B1 KR 102220117 B1 KR102220117 B1 KR 102220117B1 KR 1020170037649 A KR1020170037649 A KR 1020170037649A KR 20170037649 A KR20170037649 A KR 20170037649A KR 102220117 B1 KR102220117 B1 KR 102220117B1
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- -1 amine compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 49
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrogallol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012695 Interfacial polymerization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- UWCPYKQBIPYOLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3,5-tricarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC(C(Cl)=O)=CC(C(Cl)=O)=C1 UWCPYKQBIPYOLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000006832 (C1-C10) alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940079877 pyrogallol Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- LXEJRKJRKIFVNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthaloyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(Cl)=O)C=C1 LXEJRKJRKIFVNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 6
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FDQSRULYDNDXQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3-dicarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(Cl)=O)=C1 FDQSRULYDNDXQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910001410 inorganic ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003461 sulfonyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005903 acid hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000704 bioconcentration Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000033444 hydroxylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005805 hydroxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/56—Polyamides, e.g. polyester-amides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/027—Nanofiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0006—Organic membrane manufacture by chemical reactions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
- B01D69/107—Organic support material
- B01D69/1071—Woven, non-woven or net mesh
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
- B01D69/125—In situ manufacturing by polymerisation, polycondensation, cross-linking or chemical reaction
- B01D69/1251—In situ manufacturing by polymerisation, polycondensation, cross-linking or chemical reaction by interfacial polymerisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/58—Other polymers having nitrogen in the main chain, with or without oxygen or carbon only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/58—Other polymers having nitrogen in the main chain, with or without oxygen or carbon only
- B01D71/60—Polyamines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/76—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/02—Hydrophilization
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/15—Use of additives
- B01D2323/218—Additive materials
- B01D2323/2182—Organic additives
- B01D2323/21823—Alcohols or hydroxydes, e.g. ethanol, glycerol or phenol
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/22—Thermal or heat-resistance properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/30—Chemical resistance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/36—Hydrophilic membranes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
구분 | 실시예1 | 실시예2 | 실시예3 | 실시예4 | 실시예5 | 실시예6 | |
제1용액 | 화학식1(n=2, 중량%) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 1 |
화학식2(n=3, 중량%) | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
제2아민계화합물(중량%) | 0.5 | 0.02 | 0.1 | 1 | 1.5 | 0.5 | |
페놀계화합물(중량%) | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.01 | |
제1, 제2 아민계화합물 중량비 | 1:0.5 | 1:0.02 | 1:0.1 | 1:1.67 | 1:2.5 | 1:0.5 | |
제1아민계, 페놀계화합물 중량비 | 1:0.35 | 1:0.35 | 1:0.35 | 1:0.58 | 1:0.58 | 1:0.01 | |
제2용액 | H2SO4(%농도) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
NaOH(%농도) | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | |
초기 | 유량(gfd) | 32.7 | 34.3 | 28.2 | 26.6 | 21 | 23.1 |
염제거율(%) | 98.4 | 88.6 | 91.7 | 98.9 | 99.1 | 98.7 | |
접촉각(°) | 39 | 38 | 41 | 40 | 43 | 45 | |
30일 후 | 유량(gfd) | 39.7 | 40.3 | 38.3 | 39.2 | 24.9 | 27.3 |
염제거율(%) | 95.1 | 82.5 | 94.3 | 95.3 | 89.2 | 96.3 | |
접촉각(°) | 35 | 30 | 34 | 34 | 38 | 39 | |
염제거율 변화율(%) | -3.3 | -6.1 | -3.4 | -3.6 | -9.9 | -2.4 | |
접촉각 변화(°) | -4 | -8 | -7 | -6 | -5 | -6 |
구분 | 실시예7 | 실시예8 | 실시예9 | 실시예10 | 실시예11 | 실시예12 | |
제1용액 | 화학식1(n=2, 중량%) | 1 | 0.55 | 0.62 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 2.5 |
화학식2(n=3, 중량%) | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
제2아민계 화합물(중량%) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
페놀계 화합물(중량%) | 0.05 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | |
제1, 제2 아민계화합물 중량비 | 1:0.5 | 1:0.9 | 1:0.8 | 1:3.3 | 1:1 | 1:0.2 | |
제1아민계, 페놀계화합물 중량비 | 1:0.05 | 1:0.9 | 1:1.3 | 1:1.17 | 1:0.7 | 1:0.14 | |
제2용액 | H2SO4(%농도) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
NaOH(%농도) | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | |
초기 | 유량(gfd) | 25.3 | 39.4 | 44.7 | 28.4 | 27.2 | 26.5 |
염제거율(%) | 99 | 90.1 | 77.6 | 89.2 | 98.1 | 98.6 | |
접촉각(°) | 43 | 38 | 35 | 40 | 42 | 49 | |
30일 후 | 유량(gfd) | 36.4 | 52.1 | 60.3 | 36.6 | 34.7 | 31.3 |
염제거율(%) | 96.8 | 85.5 | 66.1 | 72.7 | 91.5 | 93.8 | |
접촉각(°) | 35 | 25 | 20 | 26 | 39 | 46 | |
염제거율 변화율(%) | -2.2 | -4.6 | -11.5 | -16.5 | -6.6 | -4.8 | |
접촉각 변화(°) | -8 | -13 | -15 | -14 | -3 | -3 |
구분 | 실시예 13 |
실시예14 | 실시예15 | 실시예16 | 실시예17 | 실시예 18 |
|
제1용액 | 화학식1(n=2, 중량%) | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
화학식2(n=3, 중량%) | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
제2아민계 화합물(중량%) | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
페놀계 화합물(중량%) | 0.05 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | |
제1, 제2 아민계화합물 중량비 | 1:0.03 | 1:0.5 | 1:0.5 | 1:0.5 | 1:0.5 | 1:0.5 | |
제1아민계, 페놀계화합물 중량비 | 1:0.017 | 1:0.35 | 1:0.35 | 1:0.35 | 1:0.35 | 1:0.35 | |
제2용액 | H2SO4(%농도) | - | - | - | - | - | 000.5 |
NaOH(%농도) | 0.15 | 0.005 | 0.015 | 1.8 | 2.5 | - | |
초기 | 유량(gfd) | 14.8 | 23.1 | 30.3 | 37.6 | 43.2 | 23.6 |
염제거율(%) | 99.4 | 98.7 | 98.5 | 90.3 | 87 | 98.5 | |
접촉각(°) | 62 | 41 | 40 | 36 | 33 | 42 | |
30일 후 | 유량(gfd) | 18.8 | 28.8 | 38.9 | 42.8 | 47.7 | 29.1 |
염제거율(%) | 98.5 | 94.7 | 94.2 | 86 | 79 | 91 | |
접촉각(°) | 59 | 35 | 35 | 31 | 23 | 37 | |
염제거율 변화율(%) | -0.9 | -4 | -4.3 | -4.3 | -8 | -7.5 | |
접촉각 변화(°) | -3 | -6 | -5 | -5 | -10 | -5 |
구분 | 실시예19 | 실시예 20 |
실시예 21 | 실시예 22 | 실시예 23 | 실시예 24 | |
제1용액 | 화학식1(n=2, 중량%) | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | - | - |
화학식2(n=3, 중량%) | - | - | - | 0.3 | 1.5 | 3 | |
제2아민계 화합물(중량%) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.1 | |
페놀계 화합물(중량%) | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.05 | |
제1, 제2 아민계화합물 중량비 | 1:0.5 | 1:0.5 | 1:0.5 | 1:3.3 | 1:0.33 | 1:0.03 | |
제1아민계, 페놀계화합물 중량비 | 1:0.35 | 1:0.35 | 1:0.35 | 1:1.17 | 1:0.23 | 1:0.017 | |
제2용액 | H2SO4(%농도) | 0.015 | 1.8 | 2.5 | - | - | - |
NaOH(%농도) | - | - | - | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | |
초기 | 유량(gfd) | 27.3 | 31.1 | 41.7 | 45.5 | 38.4 | 35.5 |
염제거율(%) | 98.6 | 93.5 | 88.7 | 93.6 | 94.1 | 97.6 | |
접촉각(°) | 40 | 38 | 33 | 43 | 44 | 47 | |
30일 후 | 유량(gfd) | 42.5 | 42.1 | 45.3 | 121 | 44.2 | 66.4 |
염제거율(%) | 91.4 | 86.4 | 82.3 | 10.5 | 85.3 | 80.1 | |
접촉각(°) | 34 | 33 | 23 | 8 | 39 | 27 | |
염제거율 변화율(%) | -7.2 | -7.1 | -6.4 | -83.1 | -8.8 | -17.5 | |
접촉각 변화(°) | -6 | -5 | -10 | -35 | -5 | -20 |
구분 | 비교예1 | 비교예2 | 비교예3 | 비교예4 | 비교예5 | |
제1용액 | 화학식1(n=2, 중량%) | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | - |
화학식2(n=3, 중량%) | - | - | - | - | 1 | |
제2아민계 화합물(중량%) | 0.5 | - | 0.5 | - | - | |
페놀계 화합물(중량%) | 0.35 | 0.35 | - | - | - | |
제1, 제2 아민계화합물 중량비 | - | - | 1:0.5 | - | - | |
제1아민계, 페놀계화합물 중량비 | - | 1:0.35 | - | - | - | |
제2용액 | H2SO4(%농도) | - | - | - | - | - |
NaOH(%농도) | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | |
초기 | 유량(gfd) | 20.2 | 36.9 | 21.1 | 20.6 | 24.2 |
염제거율(%) | 87.6 | 87.9 | 98.8 | 96.3 | 98.9 | |
접촉각(°) | 48 | 51 | 54 | 54 | 55 | |
30일 후 | 유량(gfd) | 199 | 53 | 28.6 | 46.5 | 36.5 |
염제거율(%) | 6.4 | 74.3 | 93.3 | 83.8 | 80.5 | |
접촉각(°) | 5 | 39 | 37 | 41 | 43 | |
염제거율 변화율(%) | -81.2 | -13.6 | -5.5 | -12.5 | -18.4 | |
접촉각 변화(°) | -43 | -12 | -17 | -13 | -12 |
구분 | 비교예 6 | 비교예 7 | 비교예 8 | |
제1용액 | 화학식1(n=2, 중량%) | - | 1 | 1 |
화학식2(n=3, 중량%) | - | - | - | |
제2아민계 화합물(중량%) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
페놀계 화합물(중량%) | - | 0.35 | - | |
제1 및 제2 아민계화합물 중량비 | - | 1:0.5 | 1:0.5 | |
제1아민계 및 페놀계화합물 중량비 | - | 1:0.35 | - | |
제2용액 | H2SO4(%농도) | - | - | - |
NaOH(%농도) | 0.15 | - | - | |
초기 | 유량(gfd) | 31.2 | 21.3 | 18.8 |
염제거율(%) | 97.5 | 99 | 99.2 | |
접촉각(°) | 43 | 53 | 55 | |
30일 후 | 유량(gfd) | 205 | 26.2 | 24.4 |
염제거율(%) | 3.3 | 92.2 | 97.6 | |
접촉각(°) | 7 | 47 | 52 | |
염제거율 변화율(%) | -94.2 | -6.8 | -1.6 | |
접촉각 변화(°) | -36 | -6 | -3 |
Claims (16)
- 다공성 지지체를 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 화합물을 포함하는 제1아민계 화합물, 제2아민계 화합물 및 페놀계 화합물을 1 : 0.04 ~ 2 : 0.02 ~ 1의 중량비로 포함하는 제1용액에 침지시키는 단계;
침지시킨 다공성 지지체에 산할로겐 화합물을 포함하는 제2용액을 처리하여 다공성 지지체의 표면에 폴리아미드층을 형성하는 단계; 및
폴리아미드층이 형성된 다공성 지지체를 친수화처리하는 단계;를 포함하는 유량이 향상된 내산성 나노분리막의 제조방법:
[화학식 1]
상기 화학식 1에서 R1 및 R2는 각각 독립적으로 C1 ~ C10의 알킬렌기이고, 상기 n은 1 ~ 100의 정수이다. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 화학식 1에서 R1 및 R2는 각각 독립적으로 C2 ~ C6의 직쇄형 알킬렌기 또는 C2 ~ C6의 분쇄형 알킬렌기이고, 상기 n은 1 ~ 10의 정수인 유량이 향상된 내산성 나노분리막의 제조방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 페놀계 화합물은 피로카테콜, 레조르시놀, 하이드로퀴논, 피로갈롤 및 플로로글루시놀로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상을 포함하는 유량이 향상된 내산성 나노분리막의 제조방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제2아민계 화합물은 메타페닐렌디아민 및 피페라진으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상을 포함하는 유량이 향상된 내산성 나노분리막의 제조방법. - 삭제
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제1용액은 제1아민계 화합물 100 중량부에 대하여 폴리비닐피롤리돈, 폴리에틸렌글리콜 및 폴리비닐 알코올로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상을 포함하는 친수성 고분자를 0.4 ~ 40 중량부로 포함하는 유량이 향상된 내산성 나노분리막의 제조방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 산할로겐 화합물은 이소프탈로일클로라이드, 트리메조일클로라이드 및 테레프탈로일클로라이드 중에서 선택된 1종 이상을 포함하는 유량이 향상된 내산성 나노분리막의 제조방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 친수화처리는 농도 0.01 ~ 2 %의 친수화 용액을 통해 수행하는 유량이 향상된 내산성 나노분리막의 제조방법. - 제8항에 있어서,
상기 친수화 용액은 수산화칼륨, 수산화 칼슘, 수산화마그네슘, 수산화나트륨, 황산, 황산나트륨, 아황산나트륨 및 탄산수소나트륨으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상을 포함하는 유량이 향상된 내산성 나노분리막의 제조방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 친수화처리는 10 ~ 90℃에서 0.1 ~ 5분 동안 수행하는 유량이 향상된 내산성 나노분리막의 제조방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 다공성 지지체는 부직포 및 다공성 고분자층을 포함하고,
상기 다공성 고분자층은 평균두께가 10 ~ 200㎛이고, 폴리설폰, 폴리에테르설폰, 폴리이미드, 폴리프로필렌 및 폴리비닐리덴플로라이드로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상을 포함하여 형성되는 유량이 향상된 내산성 나노분리막의 제조방법. - 제12항에 있어서,
상기 폴리아미드층은 평균 두께가 0.05 ~ 1 ㎛이고,
상기 다공성 지지체는 평균두께가 30 ~ 300 ㎛인 부직포 및 평균두께가 10 ~ 200㎛인 다공성 고분자층을 포함하며,
상기 다공성 고분자층은 폴리설폰, 폴리에테르설폰, 폴리이미드, 폴리프로필렌 및 폴리비닐리덴플로라이드로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상을 포함하여 형성된 유량이 향상된 내산성 나노분리막. - 제12항에 있어서,
상기 나노분리막은 25℃ 및 75 psi에서 유량이 25 gfd 이상이고, 염제거율이 90% 이상인 유량이 향상된 내산성 나노분리막. - 제12항에 있어서,
상기 나노분리막은 15 중량%의 황산 수용액에 30 일간 침지 시 25℃ 및 75 psi에서 유량이 30 gfd 이상이고, 염제거율이 85% 이상인 유량이 향상된 내산성 나노분리막. - 제12항 내지 제15항 중 어느 한 항의 나노분리막을 포함하는 분리막 모듈.
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CN110573241B (zh) | 2022-04-26 |
CN110573241A (zh) | 2019-12-13 |
WO2018174626A2 (ko) | 2018-09-27 |
WO2018174626A3 (ko) | 2019-04-04 |
JP2020514046A (ja) | 2020-05-21 |
US20200094196A1 (en) | 2020-03-26 |
EP3603783C0 (en) | 2023-11-01 |
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