KR102213071B1 - Water Treatment Filter Adsorbing Biomass on Fine Fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a water treatment filter in which biomass is supported on microfibers capable of rapidly removing contaminants in water by supporting biomass having a small particle size on microfibers. The present invention provides a water treatment filter in which biomass is supported on fibers as a binder, wherein the biomass has a particle size of 1 to 500 μm.

Description

Water Treatment Filter Adsorbing Biomass on Fine Fiber

The present invention relates to a water treatment filter in which biomass is supported on microfibers, and more particularly, to a water treatment filter capable of rapidly removing contaminants in water by supporting biomass with a small particle size on the microfibers.

Various industrial sites such as dyeing factories generate wastewater containing heavy metals such as lead, mercury, cadmium, or dyes. When such wastewater containing heavy metals or dyes enters the water system, it causes serious pollution, destroys the aquatic ecosystem, and exerts a harmful effect on humans by bioconcentration, so an effective treatment method is being sought.

Chemical treatment methods, physicochemical treatment methods, and biological treatment methods are used as methods of removing pollutants such as dyes and heavy metals from industrial wastewater. Representative chemical treatment methods include a chlorine-based oxidation method, a Fenton reagent method, and an ozone method. However, this chemical treatment method has disadvantages of generating chemical sludge, generating harmful intermediate products, and high operating cost.

In general, the biological treatment method is an activated sludge process in which organic matter is adsorbed or decomposed by activated aerobic microorganisms, but this has a disadvantage in that the amount of sludge is large and solid-liquid separation is not well done in the settling tank. In addition, since most of the dyes in the dyeing wastewater are composed of materials that are difficult to biologically decompose, and can generate toxic substances even if decomposed, treatment efficiency is poor. Physical treatment methods of industrial wastewater include precipitation method, ion exchange resin method, adsorption method, electrophoresis method, and membrane removal method, but these methods have problems such as high sludge generation, non-selectivity, excessive initial facility cost and high operating cost. Therefore, a biological method that is environmentally friendly and has high selectivity and efficiency for non-degradable materials such as dyes and heavy metals is required.If such a non-degradable material is removed by a biological method, it can be selectively removed.If an appropriate immobilization method is used The interest in bioadsorption technology is increasing because it is expected to be more economical and more efficient than the existing process. Accordingly, there is a need to develop biomass that can effectively treat non-degradable pollutants such as dyes and heavy metals.

In addition, bioadsorption technology using biomass has been reported to remove heavy metal contaminants in water. The biomass used here is bacteria, viruses, fungi (yeast, fungi), algae, fungi, algae, seaweed, waste paper, wood, particle board, sawdust, agricultural waste, sewage, silage, grass, rice husk, bagasse, jute. , Hemp, flax, bamboo, sisal, manila hemp, straw, corn cob, corn trough, snail grass, alfalfa, hay, coconut hair, cotton, seaweed and algae, etc., various biomaterials can be used. However, microbes having an excellent removal effect of heavy metals among such biomass have a disadvantage in that the size of the particles is very small, so when the filter is fabricated, it may block the gaps of the filter and cause water clogging.

In order to solve this problem, a technology to increase the particle size of biomass has been developed. As a representative technology, a granulation method using chitosan, alginic acid, cellulose, etc. is widely used. It is known that when the granular biomass is used, the size of the particles is much larger than that of conventional microorganisms, so that water clogging can be remarkably improved. However, granular biomass has a disadvantage in that the specific surface area is small and the adsorption rate is lowered. In order to improve this, a lot of research has been conducted on the technique of making the granular biomass porous, but despite the porosity, the diffusion resistance is high, so the adsorption rate is lowered, and it has the disadvantage that it must be periodically regenerated to maintain the porosity. have.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2003-0013916 discloses a filter carrier for a biofilter using carbonized cork for removing odor and a method of manufacturing the same. In the present invention, microbes are supported on carbonized cork to remove odors and volatile organic compounds. However, since microbes can be adsorbed only on the surface of the carrier, the resolution by microbes is low.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1999-244878 discloses a device for biodegrading pollutants and a method for biodegrading pollutants. In this invention, microorganisms are recycled by supporting the microorganisms using a carrier, but due to the diffusion resistance of the carrier. Microorganisms may be less effective.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is to provide a water treatment filter in which biomass is supported on microfibers capable of rapidly removing contaminants in water by supporting biomass having a small particle size on microfibers.

In order to solve the above-described problem, the present invention provides a water treatment filter in which biomass is supported on fibers as a binder, wherein the biomass has a particle size of 1 to 500 μm.

The fibers are; Twisted fibers selected from animal fibers, vegetable fibers and mineral fibers; Or it may include synthetic fibers selected from nylon, polyester, acrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polypropylene, and polyurethane.

The fibers may further include microfibers having a diameter of 1 nm to 1 μm.

The biomass may be spherical with a particle size of 1 to 10 μm or a linear shape with a thickness of 1 to 10 μm and a length of 50 to 500 μm.

The biomass may include bacteria, microalgae, yeast, viruses, fungi or microbes.

The filter may further include activated carbon.

The water treatment filter carrying biomass on the microfibers according to the present invention directly supports the biomass with small particle size on the microfibers, so that the diffusion rate is superior to that of the filter using the existing carrier, resulting in high speed and high efficiency. As water treatment is possible, it can be usefully used in water purifiers, sewage treatment plants, and wastewater treatment plants.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a water treatment filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a simplified diagram showing the performance evaluation parameters of the water treatment filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a graph showing the results of a cadmium removal performance evaluation experiment at a flow rate of 0.1 LPM according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a graph showing the results of a cadmium removal performance evaluation experiment at a flow rate of 0.4 LPM according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a graph showing the results of an experiment for evaluating cadmium removal performance at a flow rate of 0.8 LPM according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. In describing the present invention, when it is determined that a detailed description of a related known technology may obscure the subject matter of the present invention, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. Throughout the specification, when a part "includes" a certain component, it means that other components may be further included rather than excluding other components, unless otherwise stated.

The present invention is intended to illustrate specific embodiments and to be described in detail in the detailed description, since various transformations can be applied and various embodiments can be provided. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to a specific embodiment, it should be understood to include all conversions, equivalents, or substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention.

The terms used in the present invention are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In the present invention, terms such as include or have are intended to designate the presence of features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or a combination of them described in the specification, and one or more other features, numbers, and steps. It is to be understood that it does not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

The present invention relates to a water treatment filter in which biomass is supported on fibers as a binder, wherein the biomass has a particle size of 1 to 500 μm.

The fiber as the binder is a part to which the biomass is supported and fixed. It cannot be used as an adsorbent because it does not have a functional group on its surface, but a fiber that is chemically stable and has high elasticity, elasticity, and strength may be used. The fiber is a fiber selected from animal fiber, vegetable fiber and mineral fiber; Or nylon, polyester, acrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polypropylene, and polyurethane may include synthetic fibers selected from, and preferably, if the flow of water is not disturbed during water purification Even so, you can use natural pulp that does not contain any harmful ingredients.

In addition, it is preferable that the fibers further include microfibers having a diameter of 1 nm to 1 μm to physically filter fine suspended matter while increasing the loading amount of the biomass. As the microfibers are smaller in diameter than the fibers as the binder, a large amount of biomass can be supported. However, when the binder is composed of only microfibers, the voids may be reduced due to compression and the water passing rate may decrease. It is preferable to use a mixture of fibers and microfibers. At this time, it is preferable that the fibers serving as a binder mainly serve as a support, and the microfibers mainly serve as a support.

In the present invention, the biomass plays a role of adsorbing or decomposing contaminants, and a living or dead biological material that can be used in industrial production may be used, for example, bacteria, viruses, fungi (yeast, Mold), algae, fungi, seaweed, seaweed, waste paper, wood, particle board, sawdust, agricultural waste, sewage, silage, grasses, rice husk, bagasse, jute, hemp, flax, bamboo, sisal , Manila hemp, straw, corncob, corn stover, switchgrass, alfalfa, hay, coconut hair, cotton, seaweed and algae. Can be used. Preferably, bacteria, microalgae, yeast, viruses, fungi or fungi may be included, and when used for water treatment of drinking water such as a water purifier, it is more preferable to use edible microalgae or yeast in consideration of aesthetic or hygienic effects. Do.

In the present invention, the biomass may preferably have a particle size of 1 to 500 μm, more preferably a spherical shape having a particle size of 1 to 10 μm or a linear shape having a thickness of 1 to 10 μm and a length of 50 to 500 μm. . When the particle size of the biomass is less than 1 μm, the size of the biomass becomes smaller and it is difficult to carry a sufficient amount on the fibers or microfibers, and when the particle size exceeds 500 μm, the surface area decreases and the adsorption rate may decrease. have.

In particular, chlorella and yeast have a spherical structure with a diameter of 2 to 10 μm, so they are small enough to have a fast adsorption rate, but have a sufficient size to support microfibers, and in the case of spirulina, a diameter of 1 to 10 μm Since it has a cylindrical structure with a length of 50 to 500㎛, it can be easily supported and have a high adsorption amount. In addition, since the chlorella, yeast, and spirulina are widely used for food, they can be usefully used for purification of drinking water.

The water treatment filter may further include activated carbon. The activated carbon may remove trace amounts of compounds and odors that are not removed by water treatment, and thus, water that has passed through the water treatment filter may be immediately drinkable. It is preferable to use the activated carbon having a size of 50 to 200 μm. If the size of the activated carbon is less than 50 μm, the amount supported on the fiber decreases, and if it exceeds 200 μm, the surface area decreases and the water quality of the treated water This can fall.

Granular activated carbon or activated carbon fibers may be used as the activated carbon, and may be mixed in the manufacture of a filter, or may exist as a separate activated carbon layer on the upper or lower portion of the filter, and may exist simultaneously on the upper and lower portions.

The water treatment filter may be used without limitation if water treatment is required, such as a water purifier, a sewage treatment plant, a wastewater treatment plant, etc., but preferably may be used in a water purifier, particularly a household water purifier. The water treatment filter according to the present invention does not use harmful chemicals, performs water treatment using edible biomass such as chlorella or spirulina, and allows adsorption of foreign substances at a high speed, so it can be used in household water purifiers. It can also be used in anti-scale filters used to prevent scale formation or protect devices. In the case of the existing anti-scale filter, the generation of scale was suppressed by lowering the pH of the influent water to 5.5 to 6.0 by using a weakly acidic ion exchange resin, but the chlorella used in the present invention plays the same role as the weakly acidic anti-scale filter. Since it is possible to perform, it can be used as a substitute for the ion exchange resin.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those of ordinary skill in the art can easily implement them. In addition, in describing the present invention, when it is determined that a detailed description of a related known function or a known configuration may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. In addition, certain features presented in the drawings are enlarged or reduced or simplified for ease of description, and the drawings and their components are not necessarily drawn to scale. However, those skilled in the art will readily understand these details.

Example 1

Natural pulp in the form of a 2mm thick cardboard was dissolved in 20L of water to prepare a 2%w/w pulp slurry. After tearing the natural pulp by hand so that it dissolves in water well, beating was carried out in a refiner for 50 minutes to prepare a pulp beating solution. A mixture was prepared by adding 5 g of chlorella powder having a particle size distribution (d10-d90) of 2-15 μm and 15 g of activated carbon having an average size of 100 μm to 500 mL of the pulp beating solution. Put this mixed solution in a 25x25x50cm (w, d.h) square water tank (there is a mesh net at the bottom, and when the lever is opened, water can be instantly drained under the mesh net), and an additional 8L of water is added to it. The mixture was stirred for about 30 seconds to mix well. Then, water was removed under the mesh net, and the cake filtered on the mesh was compressed at 70° C. 3kgf for 5 minutes, and then completely dried in an oven at 90° C. for 24 hours to prepare a water treatment filter having a thickness of 3 mm.

Comparative Example 1

In Example 1, a pulp liquid stirred for 50 minutes with a stirrer without being beaten in a refiner was used as Comparative Example 1.

Comparative Example 2

20 g of ion exchange resin (Amberlite IRC86) was spread thinly to a thickness of 3 mm and filled into the cartridge.

Experimental example

In order to evaluate the heavy metal adsorption performance of Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2, the cadmium removal rate was evaluated by varying the flow rate of 0.1 LPM, 0.4 LPM, and 0.8 LPM into a performance evaluation apparatus as shown in FIG. Raw water was prepared at a concentration of 100 ppb using a Cd(NO ₃ ) ₂ reagent, and the cadmium concentration in purified water was measured using an inductively coupled plasma spectrometer (ICP-7510m Shimadzu, Japan). The cadmium removal rate was calculated using Equation 1 below.

[Equation 1]

Re% = (Ci-Cf) x 100 / Cf

Cadmium removal performance evaluation results at flow rates of 0.1 LPM, 0.4 LPM, and 0.8 LPM are shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5. As shown in FIG. 3, in the case of Comparative Example 1, it was found that the removal rate was lowered to 80% or less from the beginning. In addition, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, as the flow rate increased, the removal rates of both Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were very low, but the removal rate of Example 1 was maintained at 98% or more.

As described above, specific parts of the present invention have been described in detail, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that these specific techniques are only preferred embodiments, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereby will be. Therefore, it will be said that the substantial scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

1: fiber
2: microfiber
3: biomass
4: activated carbon

Claims (6)

In the filter for a water purifier in which biomass is supported on natural pulp as a binder,
The biomass contains at least one selected from chlorella and spirulina,
The particle size of the chlorella is 2 to 10 μm in diameter,
The particle size of the spirulina is a filter for a water purifier, characterized in that the thickness is 1 to 10㎛, the length is 50 to 500㎛ linear. delete The method of claim 1,
The natural pulp filter for a water purifier, characterized in that it further comprises microfibers having a diameter of 1nm to 1㎛. delete delete The method of claim 1,
The filter for a water purifier, characterized in that further comprises activated carbon.

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