KR102189080B1 - 증발가스 재액화 시스템 및 이를 포함하는 선박 - Google Patents
증발가스 재액화 시스템 및 이를 포함하는 선박 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102189080B1 KR102189080B1 KR1020190043897A KR20190043897A KR102189080B1 KR 102189080 B1 KR102189080 B1 KR 102189080B1 KR 1020190043897 A KR1020190043897 A KR 1020190043897A KR 20190043897 A KR20190043897 A KR 20190043897A KR 102189080 B1 KR102189080 B1 KR 102189080B1
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- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 331
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 258
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
- F25J1/0025—Boil-off gases "BOG" from storages
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
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- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
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- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
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- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
- F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
- F25J1/0055—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream originating from an incorporated cascade
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0203—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0204—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow SCR cycle
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0229—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock
- F25J1/023—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock for the combustion as fuels, i.e. integration with the fuel gas system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
- F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
- F25J1/0249—Controlling refrigerant inventory, i.e. composition or quantity
- F25J1/025—Details related to the refrigerant production or treatment, e.g. make-up supply from feed gas itself
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
- F25J1/0277—Offshore use, e.g. during shipping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 본 발명의 제2 실시예에 따른 증발가스 재액화 시스템의 개념도이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 제3 실시예에 따른 증발가스 재액화 시스템의 개념도이다.
도 4는 본 발명의 제4 실시예에 따른 증발가스 재액화 시스템의 개념도이다.
20: 증발가스 압축기 30: 액화부
31: 재액화기 32: 혼합냉매 압축기
33: 혼합냉매 쿨러 34: 기액분리기
35: 혼합냉매 감압밸브 36: 리시버
37: 혼합냉매 열교환기 40: 증발가스 감압밸브
50: 기화기 60: 증발가스 열교환기
100: 수요처 L10: 증발가스 공급라인
L11: 증발가스 액화라인 L12: 혼합냉매 보충라인
L13: 증발가스 우회라인 L20: 액화가스 공급라인
L30: 혼합냉매 순환라인 L31: 기상 혼합냉매 배출라인
L32: 액상 혼합냉매 배출라인 L33: 혼합냉매 회수라인
L34: 액상 혼합냉매 공급라인 L40: 증발가스 회수라인
Claims (7)
- 혼합냉매를 이용하여 증발가스를 액화시키는 액화부를 포함하고,
상기 액화부는,
증발가스를 혼합냉매와 열교환시켜 액화하는 재액화기;
혼합냉매를 압축하며 혼합냉매 압축 시 윤활유가 혼입되지 않는 윤활유-프리 타입의 혼합냉매 압축기;
압축된 혼합냉매를 냉각하는 혼합냉매 쿨러;
냉각된 혼합냉매를 기액분리하여 기상의 혼합냉매를 상기 재액화기로 공급하는 기액분리기;
상기 기액분리기에서 분리된 기상의 혼합냉매를 상기 재액화기의 하류에서 감압해 상기 재액화기로 재유입시키는 혼합냉매 감압밸브;
상기 혼합냉매 압축기로 공급될 혼합냉매를 임시저장하는 리시버; 및
상기 리시버, 상기 혼합냉매 압축기, 상기 혼합냉매 쿨러, 상기 기액분리기, 상기 재액화기, 및 상기 혼합냉매 감압밸브가 마련되고 상기 혼합냉매가 순환하도록 하는 혼합냉매 순환라인을 포함하고,
상기 재액화기는, 상기 혼합냉매 쿨러에서 공급된 혼합냉매가 흐르는 제1 혼합냉매 흐름, 상기 혼합냉매 감압밸브를 거쳐 재유입되는 제2 혼합냉매 흐름, 증발가스 흐름이 마련되고,
상기 액화부는,
상기 기액분리기에서 분리된 액상의 혼합냉매가 상기 재액화기의 제2 혼합냉매 흐름 상에 합류되도록 하는 액상 혼합냉매 배출라인; 및
상기 리시버 내에 액상의 혼합냉매의 축적을 억제하기 위해, 상기 리시버에서 상기 액상 혼합냉매 배출라인에 연결되어 상기 리시버에서 분리된 액상의 혼합냉매를 상기 재액화기의 제2 혼합냉매 흐름에 합류시키는 액상 혼합냉매 공급라인을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 증발가스 재액화 시스템. - 삭제
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
액화가스 저장탱크로부터 공급되는 상기 증발가스를 압축하여 상기 재액화기로 공급하는 증발가스 압축기;
상기 증발가스 압축기에서 압축된 증발가스를 수요처로 공급하는 증발가스 공급라인; 및
상기 증발가스 압축기에서 압축된 증발가스를 상기 리시버로 전달하는 혼합냉매 보충라인을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 증발가스 재액화 시스템. - 제 3 항에 있어서,
상기 증발가스 압축기에서 압축된 증발가스를 상기 재액화기로 전달하는 증발가스 액화라인을 더 포함하고,
상기 증발가스 액화라인이 분기되는 지점과 상기 혼합냉매 보충라인이 분기되는 지점은 상기 증발가스 공급라인 상에 직렬로 마련되는 것을 특징으로 하는 증발가스 재액화 시스템. - 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 액화부는,
상기 혼합냉매 압축기의 하류에 마련되고 액화가스 저장탱크로부터 공급되는 증발가스를 이용하여 혼합냉매를 냉각하는 혼합냉매 열교환기를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 증발가스 재액화 시스템. - 제 5 항에 있어서, 상기 혼합냉매 열교환기는,
상기 혼합냉매 쿨러와 상기 재액화기 사이에 마련되는 것을 특징으로 하는 증발가스 재액화 시스템. - 제 1 항, 제 3 항 내지 제 6 항 중 어느 한 항의 상기 증발가스 재액화 시스템을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 선박.
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