KR102178641B1 - Pneumatic test apparatus for propulsion simulation having variable simulated combustor volume and pneumatic test system comprising the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A pneumatic test apparatus having a variable simulated combustion space according to an embodiment includes: a port support portion for supporting an air supply port; A moving chamber having an inner space for receiving air introduced from the air supply port therein, and relatively movable with respect to the port support portion; A nozzle formed at an end of the moving chamber and communicating the inner space of the moving chamber to the outside; A pintle formed in the moving chamber and capable of adjusting an outlet area of the nozzle; And a pressure sensor measuring the pressure in the inner space of the moving chamber.

Description

A propulsion engine simulation pneumatic test device having a variable combustion space and a pneumatic test system including the same.

The following description relates to a propulsion engine simulation pneumatic test apparatus having a variable combustion space and a pneumatic test system including the same.

1 and 2 are views schematically showing a conventional propulsion engine. Conventional propulsion engines cannot stop combustion once combustion starts, and the temperature inside the combustor is very high. In addition, the conventional propulsion engine is limited to the performance determined according to its shape, and the pressure and thrust of the combustion chamber are simultaneously controlled by controlling the area of the combustion gas path at the outlet of the nozzle like a propulsion engine equipped with a pintle. It developed into the concept of operating an efficient system.

The conventional propulsion engine includes a combustion chamber 91, a nozzle 92 and a pintle 93. Solid fuel F may be provided inside the combustion chamber 91. The pintle 93 includes a support part 931 formed on the inner wall of the combustion chamber 91, a base 932 supported by the support part 931, and a slider 933 that is relatively slidable with respect to the base 932. Includes. The slider 933 can adjust the size of the hole of the nozzle 92 by sliding with respect to the base 932, thereby simultaneously controlling the pressure and thrust of the combustion chamber 91.

Since the pintle 93 is exposed to high-temperature gas while combustion is in progress, it is necessary to design and manufacture the pintle 93 to maintain heat resistance and abrasion resistance. In addition, in order to control the pressure and thrust of the combustion chamber 91 using the pintle 93, many tests must be performed under a high-temperature environmental condition. As a result, a high cost is required because expensive parts having consumable characteristics such as a propulsion engine, especially the pintle 93, are used in one test.

On the other hand, according to the test method, it is very difficult to maintain the same environment due to the combustion rate of the solid fuel F and the pressure characteristics of the combustion chamber 91. This is because the size of the internal space of the combustion chamber 91 continuously changes as the solid fuel F is burned, so even if the nozzle outlet is opened and closed by the pintle 93 at the same speed, the pressure increase rate inside the combustion chamber 91 is different. Because it has characteristics. Accordingly, the need for a test apparatus capable of reducing test cost and maintaining repetitive intrinsic characteristics inside the combustion chamber 91 is raised.

This need is not limited to propulsion engines using solid fuel (F), but also applies to propulsion engines using liquid or gel fuel. This is because there are cases in which combustors of various sizes must be used during the development period of propulsion engines using liquid or gel fuel.

An object of an embodiment is to provide a pneumatic test apparatus having a variable simulated combustion space and a pneumatic test system including the same.

A pneumatic test apparatus having a variable simulated combustion space according to an embodiment includes: a port support portion for supporting an air supply port; A moving chamber having an inner space for receiving air introduced from the air supply port therein, and relatively movable with respect to the port support portion; A nozzle formed at an end of the moving chamber and communicating the inner space of the moving chamber to the outside; A pintle formed in the moving chamber and capable of adjusting an outlet area of the nozzle; And a pressure sensor measuring the pressure in the inner space of the moving chamber.

The pneumatic test apparatus having the variable simulated combustion space may further include a linear actuator for moving the moving chamber with respect to the port support.

The pneumatic test apparatus having the variable simulated combustion space may further include a controller configured to control the linear actuator based on pressure information measured by the pressure sensor.

The controller may control the linear actuator to receive target combustion condition data including temperature and volume information and simulate a time constant of the target combustion condition.

The controller may control the linear actuator to be inversely proportional to the temperature of the target combustion condition data and to be proportional to the volume of the target combustion condition data.

The pintle may include a support part protruding from the moving chamber; A base supported by the support part; And a slider that is relatively slidable with respect to the base.

The pneumatic test apparatus having the variable simulated combustion space may further include a controller configured to control the slider based on pressure information measured by the pressure sensor.

The pneumatic test apparatus having the variable simulated combustion space may further include a sealing portion provided between an outer surface of the port support portion and an inner surface of the moving chamber.

A pneumatic test system according to an embodiment includes a flow rate control unit for adjusting a flow rate of air; An air supply port for discharging the air delivered from the flow rate control unit; And a port support part supporting the air supply port, a movable chamber relatively movable with respect to the port support part, a nozzle communicating an inner space of the movable chamber to the outside, and a pressure of the inner space of the movable chamber. It may include a pneumatic test apparatus having a variable simulated combustion space, including a pressure sensor.

The air supply port may maintain a state fixed to the flow rate control unit, regardless of the movement of the moving chamber relative to the port support unit.

A communication hose communicating the flow rate control unit and the air supply port; And a housing surrounding the moving chamber and fixing the communication hose.

The pressure inside the housing is adjustable.

The pneumatic test apparatus having the variable simulated combustion space may further include a pintle provided in the moving chamber and capable of adjusting an outlet area of the nozzle.

The pneumatic test apparatus having the variable simulated combustion space may further include a linear actuator for moving the moving chamber with respect to the port support.

The pneumatic test apparatus having the variable simulation combustion space may further include a control unit for controlling the flow rate control unit, the linear actuator, and the pintle.

The controller may control the linear actuator based on pressure information measured by the pressure sensor.

The pintle may include a support part protruding from the moving chamber; A base supported by the support part; And a slider that is relatively slidable with respect to the base.

The pneumatic test apparatus having the variable simulated combustion space may further include a controller configured to control the slider based on pressure information measured by the pressure sensor.

The pneumatic test apparatus having a variable simulated combustion space according to an embodiment may maintain repetitive test conditions by changing the size of the combustion chamber in the test of a propulsion engine cited with a pintle.

In addition, the pneumatic test apparatus having a variable simulated combustion space according to an embodiment can use the pintle infinitely and perform the same test, thereby securing test data of very high reliability and reducing the test cost. It can be dramatically lowered.

The following drawings attached to the present specification illustrate a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and serve to further understand the technical idea of the present invention together with the detailed description of the present invention. It is limited and should not be interpreted.
1 and 2 are views schematically showing an existing propulsion device.
3 is a diagram schematically showing a pneumatic test system having a pneumatic test apparatus having a variable simulated combustion space according to an embodiment.
4 is a partially enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically illustrating a state in which the moving chamber moves in FIG. 3 and the size of the space in the moving chamber is adjusted.
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI of FIG. 4.
7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the slider is moved in FIG. 6.

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail through exemplary drawings. In adding reference numerals to elements of each drawing, it should be noted that the same elements are assigned the same numerals as possible even if they are indicated on different drawings. In addition, in describing the embodiment, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related known configuration or function interferes with the understanding of the embodiment, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In addition, in describing the constituent elements of the embodiment, terms such as first, second, A, B, (a) and (b) may be used. These terms are only used to distinguish the component from other components, and the nature, order, or order of the component is not limited by the term. When a component is described as being "connected", "coupled" or "connected" to another component, that component may be directly connected or connected to that other component, but another component between each component It should be understood that may be “connected”, “coupled” or “connected”.

Components included in one embodiment and components including common functions will be described using the same name in other embodiments. Unless otherwise stated, descriptions in one embodiment may be applied to other embodiments, and detailed descriptions in the overlapping range will be omitted.

3 is a view schematically showing a pneumatic test system having a pneumatic test apparatus having a variable simulated combustion space according to an embodiment, FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of part A of FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is Is a diagram schematically showing a state in which the moving chamber is moved and the size of the space in the moving chamber is adjusted.

3 to 5, the pneumatic test system simulates the gas flow rate generated in a situation in which combustion chambers of various sizes must be tested during development of a solid or liquid fuel propulsion engine, through air flow control, and dynamics inside the combustion chamber. The boss can be simulated by adjusting the size of the combustion chamber space. In other words, the pneumatic test system can simulate the gas generated by combustion through air flow control. The pneumatic test system can simulate the change in the size of the internal space of the combustion chamber caused by fuel consumption by adjusting the size of the combustion chamber space. In this way, the pneumatic test system can test the characteristics of the combustion chamber of the propulsion engine without performing combustion, so it is possible not only to prevent damage to parts due to heat, but also to perform repeated tests through a change in the size of the space inside the combustion chamber. It is possible.

The pneumatic test system includes an air storage unit 81, a flow control unit 82, an air supply port 83, a connection hose 84, a communication hose 85, a pneumatic test apparatus 1 having a variable simulated combustion space. Hereinafter, referred to as a pneumatic test device), a housing 71 and a pressure control unit 72 may be included.

The air storage unit 81 may supply air to the air supply port 83. The air storage unit 81 may generate a flow using, for example, a pump or a fan.

The flow rate control unit 82 may adjust the flow rate of air delivered from the air storage unit 81. For example, the flow rate controller 82 may adjust the flow rate of air through a method of adjusting the size of a hole through which air flows and/or a method of adjusting a flow rate of air. For example, when the flow rate of air discharged from the flow rate control unit 82 increases, the pressure in the internal space of the pneumatic testing device 1 may increase.

The air supply port 83 may discharge the air delivered from the flow control unit 82. The air supply port 83 may discharge air into the inner space of the pneumatic testing device 1. A plurality of air supply ports 83 may be provided, for example. Although it is shown that there are three air supply ports 83 in FIG. 3, it should be noted that the number is not limited thereto.

The connection hose 84 may communicate the air storage unit 81 and the flow rate control unit 82.

The communication hose 85 may communicate the flow rate control unit 82 and the air supply port 83. The communication hose 85 may be fixed to the housing 71 to be described later. Since the communication hose 85 is fixed, not only the air supply port 83 but also the port support 11 of the pneumatic test apparatus 1 supporting the air supply port 83 may be fixed.

The pneumatic test apparatus 1 can maintain repetitive test conditions by changing the size of the combustion chamber. The pneumatic test apparatus 1 can use the pintle indefinitely and perform the same test, so that test data of very high reliability can be secured, and the test cost can be drastically lowered. The pneumatic test apparatus 1 includes a port support 11, a moving chamber 12, a nozzle 13, a pintle 14, a pressure sensor P, a linear actuator 16, a seal 18 and a control unit 4 ) Can be included.

The port support 11 may support the air supply port 83. The port support 11 may be fixed in the system. For example, one end of the port support 11 may be connected to the communication hose 85, and the communication hose 85 may be fixed to the housing 71. According to this structure, the port support 11 may be fixed in the system. Even if the moving chamber 12 moves, since the port support 11 is fixed in the system, the structural stability of the pneumatic test system can be improved.

The moving chamber 12 is movable relative to the port support 11. The inner wall of the moving chamber 12 is slidable in a state in close contact with the outer wall of the port support 11. A sealing part 18 may be provided between the moving chamber 12 and the port supporting part 11, and the sealing part 18 is from the space inside the moving chamber 12, the moving chamber 12 and the port supporting part 11 ) It can prevent air from escaping. For example, the sealing part 18 may be an O-ring. The moving chamber 12 may have an inner space for receiving air introduced from the air supply port 83 therein. The volume of the inner space of the moving chamber 12 may increase or decrease as the moving chamber 12 moves. The pneumatic test apparatus 1 can simulate the dynamic similarity of the combustion chamber according to combustion by moving the moving chamber 12.

The nozzle 13 is formed at an end of the moving chamber 12 and may communicate the inner space of the moving chamber 12 to the outside.

The pintle 14 is formed in the moving chamber 12, and the outlet area of the nozzle 13 can be adjusted. The pintle 14 is provided on the inner side of the nozzle 13 and the support part 141 protruding from the moving chamber 12, the base 142 supported by the support part 141, and the base 142 It may include a slider 143 that is relatively slidable. For example, the support part 141 and the base 142 may be integrally formed. The slider 143 may have a shape whose width gradually decreases toward a direction away from the base 142. In other words, the slider 143 may have a shape in which the width of the slider 143 gradually increases from the end toward the base 142. The slider 143 is provided inside the base 142 and can slide relative to the base 142. When the slider 143 slides in a direction away from the base 142, the outlet area of the nozzle 13 can be reduced. Conversely, when the slider 143 slides in a direction closer to the base 142, the nozzle The exit area of (13) can be increased.

The pressure sensor P may measure the internal pressure of the moving chamber 12. The pressure sensor P may be provided, for example, in the moving chamber 12.

The linear actuator 16 is capable of moving the moving chamber 12 relative to the port support 11. For example, the linear actuator 16 may include a drive motor 161 and a drive wheel 162. Linear actuator 16 may be provided in the moving chamber 12 and/or the housing 71.

The sealing part 18 is provided between the port support part 11 and the moving chamber 12, and can maintain airtightness between the outer wall of the port support part 11 and the inner wall of the moving chamber 12.

The controller 4 may control the linear actuator 16 based on the pressure information measured by the pressure sensor P. The controller 4 may control the linear actuator 16 to adjust the volume of the inner space of the moving chamber 12. The controller 4 may control the slider 143 based on the pressure information measured by the pressure sensor P. The control unit 4 controls the slider 143 to adjust the size of the outlet area of the nozzle 13.

The housing 71 may enclose the pneumatic testing device 1. It is possible to create an external environment of the pneumatic test apparatus 1 of the housing 71. The housing 71 can support components that are fixed in a pneumatic test system. For example, the housing 71 may fix the communication hose 85, whereby the air supply port 83 and the flow control unit 82 connected to the communication hose 85 may be fixed. The moving chamber 12 is slidable with one degree of freedom while surrounding the port support 11 in the housing 71.

The pressure control unit 72 may adjust the pressure inside the housing 71. The pressure inside the housing 71 corresponds to the pressure outside the moving chamber 12. The pressure control unit 72 may include a sensor or an air injection pump.

The air supply port 83 may remain fixed to the flow rate control unit 82, regardless of the movement chamber 12 being moved relative to the port support unit 11.

The internal space of the moving chamber 12 of the pneumatic test apparatus 1 can be variably adjusted in size so as to simulate the internal space of the combustion chamber of a solid propulsion engine. Hereinafter, a method in which the pneumatic test apparatus 1 simulates the space inside the combustion chamber of a solid propulsion engine will be described.

If the increase rate of the combustion pressure (Pc) in the combustion chamber of the solid propulsion engine is linearized over time and simply summarized, it can be expressed as Equation (1).

Here, Tch, Vch, At, a, and b are constants related to the combustion chamber combustion gas temperature, the combustion chamber volume, the nozzle outlet area controlled by the pintle, and gas characteristics, respectively. Looking at this equation, the rate of increase in combustion pressure (dPch/dt) under the current pressure condition is proportional to the combustion gas temperature (Tch), inversely proportional to the combustion chamber volume (Vch), and decreases as the nozzle outlet area (At) increases. Show characteristics.

In a similar way, the response speed to the internal pressure of the pneumatic test apparatus can be developed as an equation (2).

,

, c, d는 각각 이동 챔버(12)의 내부 공간의 압력, 공기 온도, 이동 챔버(12)의 내부 공간의 부피, 유량 조절부(82)로부터 공급되는 공기의 질유량, 이동 챔버(12)의 내부 공간의 크기 변화 속도, 그리고 공기 특성과 관련된 상수들이다. 여기서, 현재의 압력 조건에서 이동 챔버(12)의 내부 공간의 압력 증가 속도(Pcc/dt)는 유입되는 공기 질유량, 공기 온도에 비례하고, 내부 공간의 부피에 반비례하는 특성을 가지고 있음을 알 수 있다.Where, Pcc, Tcc, Vcc,

,

, c, d are the pressure of the inner space of the moving chamber 12, the air temperature, the volume of the inner space of the moving chamber 12, the quantity of air supplied from the flow control unit 82, the moving chamber 12 These are the constants related to the rate of change in the size of the inner space of and air characteristics. Here, it is known that the pressure increase rate (Pcc/dt) of the internal space of the moving chamber 12 is proportional to the incoming air quality flow rate and air temperature under the current pressure condition, and has a characteristic inversely proportional to the volume of the internal space. I can.

In the pneumatic test, by adjusting the area (At) of the outlet of the nozzle 13 using the pintle 14, the environment is created so that the rate of increase in the pressure of the combustion chamber, which is the pressure control performance of the combustion chamber, has a similar response between the propulsion engine and the pneumatic test device. can do. The following equation is used so that a similar time constant can be obtained by adjusting the size of the inner space of the moving chamber 12 even if the temperature is a factor that governs the time constant, which is the rate of pressure increase.

Therefore, the size (Vcc) of the internal space of the moving chamber 12 that must be adjusted in order to have a time constant similar to that of the pneumatic test apparatus is as follows.

)는 시험을 위해 필요한 연소실 모의 압력(Pcc)을 통해 미리 결정하고, 연소실의 압력(Tch)과 공급 공기의 온도(Tcc)를 이용하면 공압 시험 장치에서 필요로 하는 이동 챔버(12)의 내부 공간의 크기(Vcc)를 위 식으로부터 결정할 수 있고, 이를 조절하면, 모사하고자 하는 실제 연소실 내의 연소 조건(목표 연소 조건)과 유사한 동적 상사를 가질 수 있게 된다.Here, the air to be supplied (

) Is determined in advance through the combustion chamber simulation pressure (Pcc) required for the test, and using the combustion chamber pressure (Tch) and the supply air temperature (Tcc), the internal space of the moving chamber 12 required by the pneumatic test device The size (Vcc) of can be determined from the above equation, and if this is adjusted, it is possible to have a dynamic analogy similar to the actual combustion condition (target combustion condition) in the actual combustion chamber to be simulated.

In order to simulate the target combustion condition, the control unit may control the volume of the internal space of the moving chamber by driving the linear actuator in inverse proportion to the combustion chamber combustion gas temperature and proportional to the combustion chamber volume. For example, the control unit may receive target combustion condition data. For example, the controller may receive target combustion condition data from an external electronic device in real time or before performing a pneumatic test.

The target combustion condition data may include a change in temperature (Tch) in the combustion space over time and a change in volume (Vch) in the combustion space over time. As in the above equation, the control unit controls the target combustion condition and the time constant in the pneumatic test apparatus to form similarly by adjusting the size of the internal space of the moving chamber in inverse proportion to the temperature of the target combustion condition data and proportional to the volume. I can.

For example, at target combustion conditions, the temperature may gradually increase, and the volume may increase as solid or liquid fuel is consumed. The control unit can control the volume in the moving chamber by controlling the linear actuator based on the change in the target combustion condition.

6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the cut line VI-VI of FIG. 4, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the slider is moved in FIG. 6.

6 and 7, as the slider 143 moves, the size of the outlet area of the nozzle 13 may be adjusted. For example, FIG. 7 is a view showing a state in which the slider 143 slides in a direction away from the base compared to FIG. 6. In FIG. 7, the size of the outlet area A2 of the nozzle 13 may be smaller than the size of the outlet area A1 of the nozzle 13 in FIG. 6.

As described above, although the embodiments have been described by the limited drawings, various modifications and variations are possible from the above description by those of ordinary skill in the art. For example, the described techniques are performed in a different order from the described method, and/or components such as the described structure, device, etc. are combined or combined in a form different from the described method, or in other components or equivalents. Even if substituted or substituted by, an appropriate result can be achieved.

Claims (20)

Port support for supporting the air supply port;
A moving chamber having an inner space for receiving air introduced from the air supply port therein, and relatively movable with respect to the port support portion;
A nozzle formed at an end of the moving chamber and communicating the inner space of the moving chamber to the outside;
A pintle formed in the moving chamber and capable of adjusting an outlet area of the nozzle; And
A pneumatic testing apparatus having a variable simulated combustion space including a pressure sensor measuring the pressure in the inner space of the moving chamber.
The method of claim 1,
Pneumatic testing apparatus having a variable simulated combustion space further comprising a linear actuator for moving the moving chamber relative to the port support.
The method of claim 2,
Based on the pressure information measured by the pressure sensor, the pneumatic test apparatus having a variable simulation combustion space further comprising a control unit for controlling the linear actuator.
The method of claim 3,
The control unit receives target combustion condition data including temperature and volume information, and controls the linear actuator to simulate a time constant of the target combustion condition.
The method of claim 4,
The control unit controls the linear actuator to be inversely proportional to the temperature of the target combustion condition data and proportional to the volume of the target combustion condition data.
The method of claim 1,
The pintle,
A support part protruding from the moving chamber;
A base supported by the support part; And
Pneumatic test apparatus having a variable simulated combustion space including a slider that is relatively slidable with respect to the base.
The method of claim 6,
Based on the pressure information measured by the pressure sensor, the pneumatic test apparatus having a variable simulation combustion space further comprising a control unit for controlling the slider.
The method of claim 1,
A pneumatic testing apparatus having a variable simulated combustion space further comprising a sealing portion provided between an outer surface of the port support portion and an inner surface of the moving chamber.
Flow control unit for adjusting the flow rate of air;
An air supply port for discharging the air delivered from the flow rate control unit; And
A port support part supporting the air supply port, a movable chamber relatively movable with respect to the port support part, a nozzle communicating the inner space of the movable chamber to the outside, and a pressure measuring the pressure of the inner space of the movable chamber A pneumatic testing device having a variable simulated combustion space, including a sensor;
Pneumatic test system comprising a.
The method of claim 9,
The air supply port is a pneumatic test system that maintains a fixed state in the flow rate control unit, regardless of the movement chamber moving relative to the port support unit.
The method of claim 10,
A communication hose communicating the flow rate control unit and the air supply port; And
A pneumatic test system further comprising a housing surrounding the moving chamber and fixing the communication hose.
The method of claim 11,
Pneumatic test system in which the pressure inside the housing is adjustable.
The method of claim 9,
The pneumatic test apparatus having the variable simulated combustion space,
A pneumatic test system further comprising a pintle provided in the moving chamber and capable of adjusting an outlet area of the nozzle.
The method of claim 13,
The pneumatic test apparatus having the variable simulated combustion space,
A pneumatic test system further comprising a linear actuator to move the moving chamber relative to the port support.
The method of claim 14,
The pneumatic test apparatus having the variable simulated combustion space,
A pneumatic test system further comprising a control unit for receiving target combustion condition data including temperature and volume information and controlling the linear actuator to simulate a time constant of the target combustion condition.
The method of claim 15,
The control unit controls the linear actuator to be inversely proportional to the temperature of the target combustion condition data and proportional to the volume of the target combustion condition data.
The method of claim 14,
The pneumatic test apparatus having the variable simulated combustion space,
A pneumatic test system further comprising a control unit for controlling the flow rate control unit, the linear actuator and the pintle.
The method of claim 17,
The control unit, based on the pressure information measured by the pressure sensor, a pneumatic test system for controlling the linear actuator.
The method of claim 13,
The pintle,
A support part protruding from the moving chamber;
A base supported by the support part; And
A pneumatic test system comprising a slider that is slidable relative to the base.
The method of claim 19,
The pneumatic test apparatus having the variable simulated combustion space,
Pneumatic test system further comprising a control unit for controlling the slider based on the pressure information measured by the pressure sensor.

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