KR102096958B1 - 고열안정성 희토류 영구자석 재료, 그 제조 방법 및 이를 함유한 자석 - Google Patents
고열안정성 희토류 영구자석 재료, 그 제조 방법 및 이를 함유한 자석 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102096958B1 KR102096958B1 KR1020180006413A KR20180006413A KR102096958B1 KR 102096958 B1 KR102096958 B1 KR 102096958B1 KR 1020180006413 A KR1020180006413 A KR 1020180006413A KR 20180006413 A KR20180006413 A KR 20180006413A KR 102096958 B1 KR102096958 B1 KR 102096958B1
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- permanent magnet
- rare earth
- earth permanent
- magnet material
- quenching
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- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 title 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001029 thermal curing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- PRQMIVBGRIUJHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[Fe].[Sm] Chemical compound [N].[Fe].[Sm] PRQMIVBGRIUJHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052789 astatine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 38
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 description 30
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 9
- AWWAHRLLQMQIOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].[Sm] Chemical compound [Fe].[Sm] AWWAHRLLQMQIOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000905 alloy phase Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000828 alnico Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000788 chromium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005551 mechanical alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007578 melt-quenching technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002159 nanocrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003746 solid phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/059—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and Va elements, e.g. Sm2Fe17N2
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- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
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- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/059—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and Va elements, e.g. Sm2Fe17N2
- H01F1/0596—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and Va elements, e.g. Sm2Fe17N2 of rhombic or rhombohedral Th2Zn17 structure or hexagonal Th2Ni17 structure
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
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- C23C8/24—Nitriding
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
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- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/24—Nitriding
- C23C8/26—Nitriding of ferrous surfaces
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- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/06—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
- H01F1/08—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together
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- H01F1/44—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of magnetic liquids, e.g. ferrofluids
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- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
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- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
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Abstract
Description
Claims (34)
- 원자 퍼센트로 표시한 조성 성분이
SmxRaFe100-x-y-z-aMyNz이고,
여기서, R은 Zr, Hf 중의 적어도 한가지이고, M은 Co, Ti, Nb, Cr, V, Mo, Ga, Ni, Mn, Al 중의 적어도 한가지이고, 7%≤x+a≤10%, 0<a≤1.5%, 0<y≤5%, 10%≤z≤14%이고,
TbCu7 상, Th2Zn17 상, 연 자성상 α-Fe을 포함하고, TbCu7 상의 함유량은 80% 이상이며, 연 자성상 α-Fe의 함유량은 0을 초과하고 5% 미만인 것을 특징으로 하는 희토류 영구자석 재료. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 TbCu7 상의 함유량은 95% 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 희토류 영구자석 재료. - 제 2 항에 있어서,
평균 사이즈가 10 nm ~ 1 μm인 결정으로 조성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 희토류 영구자석 재료. - 제 2 항에 있어서,
평균 사이즈가 10 nm ~ 200 nm인 결정으로 조성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 희토류 영구자석 재료. - (1) Sm, R, Fe, M으로 모합금 용해를 수행하고,
(2) 단계 (1)에서 얻은 모합금을 담금질하여 담금질 벨트를 제조하며,
(3) 단계 (2)에서 얻은 담금질 벨트에 결정화 처리를 수행하고,
(4) 단계 (3)의 결정화 후의 영구자석 재료를 질화하여 상기 희토류 영구자석 재료를 얻는
단계를 포함하고,
단계 (3) 중의 결정화 처리는 담금질 벨트를 포장하여 열처리를 수행한 후 담금질 처리하는 것인 것을 특징으로 하는 청구항 제 1 항 내지 제 4 항 중의 임의의 한 항에 기재된 희토류 영구자석 재료의 제조 방법. - 제 5 항에 있어서,
단계 (1) 중의 용해를 중파 또는 아크를 통하여 수행하는 것을 특징으로 하는 희토류 영구자석 재료의 제조 방법. - 제 6 항에 있어서,
용해하여 얻어지는 잉곳을 밀리미터 레벨의 주괴로 분쇄하는 것을 특징으로 하는 희토류 영구자석 재료의 제조 방법. - 제 5 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (2) 중의 담금질이, 모합금을 노즐을 구비한 석영관에 넣고 유도 용해를 통하여 합금액으로 용해시킨 후 노즐을 통하여 회전하는 수냉 구리 몰드에 분사하여 담금질 벨트를 얻는 것을 특징으로 하는 희토류 영구자석 재료의 제조 방법. - 제 5 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (2) 중의 담금질시의 회전 속도가 20 ~ 80 m/s인 것을 특징으로 하는 희토류 영구자석 재료의 제조 방법. - 제 5 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (2) 중의 담금질시의 회전 속도가 40 ~ 50 m/s인 것을 특징으로 하는 희토류 영구자석 재료의 제조 방법. - 제 5 항에 있어서,
상기 열처리를 튜브형 저항로에서 수행하는 것을 특징으로 하는 희토류 영구자석 재료의 제조 방법. - 제 5 항에 있어서,
상기 열처리를 아르곤 분위기에서 수행하는 것을 특징으로 하는 희토류 영구자석 재료의 제조 방법. - 제 5 항에 있어서,
상기 담금질 처리를 수냉 방식으로 수행하는 것을 특징으로 하는 희토류 영구자석 재료의 제조 방법. - 제 5 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (3) 중의 열처리를 수행하는 온도가 700 ~ 900 ℃이고, 상기 단계 (3) 중의 열처리를 수행하는 시간이 10 ~ 90 min인 것을 특징으로 하는 희토류 영구자석 재료의 제조 방법. - 제 5 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (3) 중의 결정화 처리 후의 재료에 분쇄 처리를 수행하는 것을 특징으로 하는 희토류 영구자석 재료의 제조 방법. - 제 5 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (4) 중의 질화를 질화로에서 수행하는 것을 특징으로 하는 희토류 영구자석 재료의 제조 방법. - 제 16 항에 있어서,
상기 질화를 1 ~ 2 atm의 고순도 질소 분위기에서 수행하는 것을 특징으로 하는 희토류 영구자석 재료의 제조 방법. - 제 16 항에 있어서,
상기 질화를 1.4 atm의 고순도 질소 분위기에서 수행하는 것을 특징으로 하는 희토류 영구자석 재료의 제조 방법. - 제 16 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (4) 중의 질화를 수행하는 온도가 350 ~ 600 ℃이고, 상기 단계 (4) 중의 질화를 수행하는 시간은 12 h ~ 24 h인 것을 특징으로 하는 희토류 영구자석 재료의 제조 방법. - 제 16 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (4) 중의 질화를 수행하는 온도가 430 ~ 470 ℃이고, 상기 단계 (4) 중의 질화를 수행하는 시간은 24 h 인 것을 특징으로 하는 희토류 영구자석 재료의 제조 방법. - 제 1 항 내지 제 4 항 중의 어느 한 항에 기재된 희토류 영구자석 재료를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 자석.
- 제 21 항에 있어서,
상기 희토류 영구자석 재료와 본드제를 본드하여 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 자석. - 제 22 항에 있어서,
상기 희토류 영구자석 재료와 에폭시 수지를 혼합하여 혼합물을 얻고 혼합물에 윤활제를 첨가하고 처리하여 본드 자석을 얻으며 마지막에 얻은 본드 자석을 열 경화하여 얻는 것을 특징으로 하는 자석. - 제 23 항에 있어서,
상기 희토류 영구자석 재료와 상기 에폭시 수지의 중량비는 100 : 1 ~ 10인 것을 특징으로 하는 자석. - 제 23 항에 있어서,
상기 희토류 영구자석 재료와 상기 에폭시 수지의 중량비가 100 : 4인 것을 특징으로 하는 자석. - 제 23 항에 있어서,
상기 윤활제의 첨가량이 0.2 ~ 1 wt%인 것을 특징으로 하는 자석. - 제 23 항에 있어서,
상기 윤활제의 첨가량이 0.5 wt%인 것을 특징으로 하는 자석. - 제 23 항에 있어서,
상기 처리가 몰드 프레스, 주사, 압연 또는 압출인 것을 특징으로 하는 자석. - 제 28 항에 있어서,
상기 몰드 프레스를 타블렛 프레스로 수행하는 것을 특징으로 하는 자석. - 제 23 항에 있어서,
상기 열 경화를 수행하는 온도가 150 ~ 200 ℃이고, 상기 열 경화를 수행하는 시간은 0.5 ~ 5 h인 것을 특징으로 하는 자석. - 제 23 항에 있어서,
상기 열 경화를 수행하는 온도가 175 ℃이고, 상기 열 경화를 수행하는 시간은 1.5 h인 것을 특징으로 하는 자석. - 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
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- 2018-01-18 KR KR1020180006413A patent/KR102096958B1/ko active Active
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Patent Citations (4)
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JP2000348921A (ja) * | 1999-03-31 | 2000-12-15 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | 等方性ボンド磁石 |
JP2002057017A (ja) * | 2000-05-29 | 2002-02-22 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | 等方性の粉末磁石材料、その製造方法およびボンド磁石 |
JP2013531359A (ja) * | 2010-03-29 | 2013-08-01 | グリレム アドバンスド マテリアルズ カンパニー リミティッド | 希土類永久磁石粉、ボンド磁石およびボンド磁石で作られた装置 |
JP2012106264A (ja) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-06-07 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Sm−Fe−N系磁石用薄帯の製造方法 |
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US20180268971A1 (en) | 2018-09-20 |
CN108630371A (zh) | 2018-10-09 |
CN108630371B (zh) | 2020-03-27 |
US11101057B2 (en) | 2021-08-24 |
KR20180106852A (ko) | 2018-10-01 |
ZA201800277B (en) | 2018-11-28 |
JP2018157197A (ja) | 2018-10-04 |
DE102018200817A1 (de) | 2018-09-20 |
MY190644A (en) | 2022-04-29 |
JP6503483B2 (ja) | 2019-04-17 |
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