KR102043010B1 - 복합 가교를 이용한 탄소섬유 제조방법 및 탄소섬유 - Google Patents
복합 가교를 이용한 탄소섬유 제조방법 및 탄소섬유 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102043010B1 KR102043010B1 KR1020150187673A KR20150187673A KR102043010B1 KR 102043010 B1 KR102043010 B1 KR 102043010B1 KR 1020150187673 A KR1020150187673 A KR 1020150187673A KR 20150187673 A KR20150187673 A KR 20150187673A KR 102043010 B1 KR102043010 B1 KR 102043010B1
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- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 162
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical group [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920010126 Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052704 radon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N radon atom Chemical compound [Rn] SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004918 carbon fiber reinforced polymer Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 5
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011301 petroleum pitch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007707 calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012668 chain scission Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007380 fibre production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
- D01F9/20—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products
- D01F9/21—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F11/00—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
- D01F11/10—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of carbon
- D01F11/16—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of carbon by physicochemical methods
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/003—Treatment with radio-waves or microwaves
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/04—Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/06—Inorganic compounds or elements
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/40—Fibres of carbon
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
- D10B2401/061—Load-responsive characteristics elastic
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
- D10B2401/063—Load-responsive characteristics high strength
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2505/00—Industrial
- D10B2505/02—Reinforcing materials; Prepregs
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
도 2는 실시예 6 내지 10에서 제조된 2차 가교된 폴리올레핀 섬유, 및 비교예 2의 폴리올레핀 섬유의 열량을 측정한 결과를 나타낸 그래프이다.
섬유 직경 (mm) | 에너지 강도 (keV) |
조사선 량 (kGy) |
도면 기호 | |
실시예 1 | 0.4 | 200 | 50 | 200keV-50kGy |
실시예 2 | 0.4 | 200 | 100 | 200keV-100kGy |
실시예 3 | 0.4 | 200 | 150 | 200keV-150kGy |
실시예 4 | 0.4 | 200 | 200 | 200keV-200kGy |
실시예 5 | 0.4 | 200 | 250 | 200keV-250kGy |
실시예 6 | 0.2 | 200 | 50 | 200keV-50kGy |
실시예 7 | 0.2 | 200 | 100 | 200keV-100kGy |
실시예 8 | 0.2 | 200 | 150 | 200keV-150kGy |
실시예 9 | 0.2 | 200 | 200 | 200keV-200kGy |
실시예 10 | 0.2 | 200 | 250 | 200keV-250kGy |
실시예 11 | 0.4 | 80 | 100 | 80keV-100kGy |
실시예 12 | 0.4 | 110 | 100 | 110keV-100kGy |
실시예 13 | 0.4 | 140 | 100 | 140keV-100kGy |
실시예 14 | 0.4 | 170 | 100 | 170keV-100kGy |
실시예 15 | 0.4 | 200 | 100 | 200keV-100kGy |
실시예 16 | 0.2 | 80 | 100 | 80keV-100kGy |
실시예 17 | 0.2 | 110 | 100 | 110keV-100kGy |
실시예 18 | 0.2 | 140 | 100 | 140keV-100kGy |
실시예 19 | 0.2 | 170 | 100 | 170keV-100kGy |
실시예 20 | 0.2 | 200 | 100 | 200keV-100kGy |
비교예 1 | 0.4 | - | - | LDPE fiber |
비교예 2 | 0.2 | - | - | LDPE fiber |
Claims (18)
- (1) 폴리올레핀 섬유에 150 내지 250 keV의 에너지를 가지는 전자빔을 조사하여 상기 폴리올레핀 섬유의 표면을 1차 가교하는 단계;
(2) 상기 표면이 1차 가교된 폴리올레핀 섬유에 황산을 가하여 상기 폴리올레핀 섬유를 2차 가교하는 단계; 및
(3) 상기 2차 가교된 폴리올레핀 섬유를 불활성 분위기인 탄화로에서 600 내지 1,200 ℃의 온도로 탄화하는 탄화단계를 포함하는 탄소섬유 제조 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 폴리올레핀 섬유의 중량평균분자량은 150,000 내지 500,000 g/mol인, 탄소섬유 제조 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 폴리올레핀은 저밀도 폴리에틸렌(LDPE), 선형저밀도 폴리에틸렌(LLDPE), 고밀도 폴리에틸렌(HDPE), 폴리프로필렌 및 폴리이소부틸렌으로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상인, 탄소섬유 제조 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 전자빔의 조사선량은 50 내지 600 kGy인 탄소섬유 제조방법.
- 삭제
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 1차 가교에 의해 상기 폴리올레핀 섬유의 표면에 0.05 내지 5 ㎛ 두께의 저밀도 가교층이 형성되는, 탄소섬유 제조방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (2)의 2차 가교는, 상기 황산이 가해진 폴리올레핀 섬유를 150 내지 180 ℃의 온도에서 10분 내지 1시간 유지시키는 반응 조건에서 이루어지는, 탄소섬유 제조방법.
- 제 7 항에 있어서,
상기 반응 조건에서 상기 온도는 160 내지 170 ℃인, 탄소섬유 제조 방법.
- 제 7 항에 있어서,
상기 반응 조건에서 상기 유지 시간은 10 내지 30분인, 탄소섬유 제조 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 2차 가교는 불활성 분위기에서 이루어지고,
상기 불활성 분위기는 헬륨, 네온, 아르곤, 크립톤, 제논, 또는 라돈인 불활성 기체에 의해 조성되는, 탄소섬유 제조 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (2) 및 단계 (3) 사이에, 상기 2차 가교된 폴리올레핀 섬유를 중화하는 단계를 추가로 포함하고,
상기 중화는 증류수를 이용하여 잔여 황산을 제거하는 과정을 포함하는, 탄소섬유 제조 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (3)의 탄화가 700 내지 1,100 ℃의 온도에서 이루어지는, 탄소섬유 제조 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (3)의 탄화가 1 내지 10 분간 이루어지는, 탄소섬유 제조 방법.
- 150 내지 250 keV의 에너지를 가지는 전자빔 조사에 의해 표면이 1차 가교된 폴리올레핀 섬유에 황산을 가하여 2차 가교된 폴리올레핀 섬유를 600 내지 1,200 ℃의 온도로 탄화하여 제조된 탄소섬유.
- 제 14 항에 있어서,
상기 폴리올레핀은 저밀도 폴리에틸렌(LDPE), 선형저밀도 폴리에틸렌(LLDPE), 고밀도 폴리에틸렌(HDPE), 폴리프로필렌 및 폴리이소부틸렌으로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상인, 탄소섬유.
- 제 14 항에 있어서,
상기 전자빔의 조사선량은 50 내지 600 kGy인, 탄소섬유.
- 제 14 항에 있어서,
상기 1차 가교에 의해 상기 폴리올레핀 섬유의 표면에서 0.05 내지 5 ㎛ 두께의 저밀도 가교층이 형성된, 탄소섬유.
- 제 14 항에 있어서,
상기 탄소섬유의 적분 열분해 진행 온도(IPDT)는 500 ℃ 이상인, 탄소섬유.
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