KR101940812B1 - excavation method using propulsion of caisson - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an excavation method using propulsion of a caisson, and more particularly to an excavation method using a propulsion of a caisson to prevent collapse of a surface of a soft ground and settlement of the excavator.
In addition, there is a step of installing a caisson and a tip portion on the surface of the excavation to be excavated, an upper outlet closure step of closing the upper outlet port of the upper caisson disposed at the upper end of the front portion, A first 1-1 earth discharge step for discharging the earth 1 generated by the earth and the intrusion in the upper caisson to the lower caisson disposed at the lower end of the front end part and the 1-1 earth discharge step for placing the earth 1 generated in the upper caisson on the rear surface of the lower caisson The lower outlet port for opening the lower outlet port and the first and second inlet ports for allowing the lower caisson to penetrate the surface of the lower casing with the lower outlet open, And a tip end propelling step for propelling the tip end to the position where the caisson is penetrated. The.

Description

Excavation method using propulsion of caisson [

The present invention relates to an excavation method using propulsion of a caisson, and more particularly to an excavation method using a propulsion of a caisson to prevent collapse of a surface of a soft ground and settlement of the excavator.

Generally, there is a shielding method which is mainly used to excavate tunnels. In order to prevent collapse of the roof and side walls during excavation, the shielding method is used to support the ground through a support called a shield, In this case, the excavation of the tunnel face is carried out and the tunnel structure is installed by placing the concrete at the rear end.

On the other hand, when concrete is poured on site, it takes much time to form a tunnel structure. In order to shorten air by forming a tunnel structure faster and to reduce the construction cost, Based precast concrete.

In addition, drilling equipment such as TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) using a cutter head has been developed to enable quicker excavation, and since TBM is in close contact with the surface of the tunnel, Since the excavation can be carried out by controlling the pressure of the surface of the closure surface in the environment, there is an advantage that it can suppress the collapse of the ground, settlement of the ground, formation of the excavation.

On the other hand, equipment such as TBM is used for long-distance excavation due to high cost due to high cost. For relatively short excavation of less than 100 m, most of the equipments such as TBM are used in the same manner as the Korean Registered Utility Model No. 20-0305659 " We are reliant on manpower excavation.

There is a high risk of disintegration of the surface of the ground to perform excavation in the soft ground under the groundwater through excavation, and there is a very high probability of formation of the excavation due to subsidence of the ground.

In particular, it is very difficult to perform excavation at the height of the tunnel at the initial stage when the ground or equipment is settled. When the excavation is formed, the possibility of secondary accident such as formation of sink hole is very high. A new excavation apparatus and a new method are needed.

Korean Registered Utility Model No. 20-0305659 entitled "Manhole Tunnel Propeller for Concrete Tube"

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an excavation method using a caisson propulsion for preventing collapse of a surface of a soft ground, subsidence of a subsidence, and sedimentation of equipment in a soft ground.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an excavation method using propulsion of a caisson for use regardless of the type of ground.

In order to accomplish the above object, according to the present invention, there is provided an excavation method using propulsion of a caisson, comprising: a step of installing a caisson and a front end on a surface of a membrane to be excavated; A first 1-1 penetration step of penetrating the upper caisson into the film surface with the upper stage closed and the upper stage closed, and the first 1-1 penetration step of discharging the gravel generated in the upper caisson and the soil generated by the penetration into the lower caisson disposed at the lower end of the front end, - 1 soil discharge step, a lower discharge opening step for opening a lower discharge opening arranged at the lower surface of the lower caisson disposed at the lower end, a 1-2 penetration step for penetrating the lower caisson into the film surface with the lower discharge opening opened, And a second 1-2 soil discharge step of discharging the soil in the lower caisson out of the space through the outlet, Characterized in that it comprises a distal end driving step of driving the leading end to the device.

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In addition, it is also possible to install the caisson and the front end on the surface to be excavated and to open the upper outlet port of the upper caisson disposed at the upper end of the front end and to open the upper outlet port, A second-1 soil discharge stage for discharging the soil in the upper caisson to the outside through the second-1 penetration step and the upper discharge port to prevent settling due to the soil load, and a second-1 soil discharge stage arranged on the rear surface of the lower caisson disposed at the lower end of the front end A lower stage outlet closing stage for closing the lower stage outlet and a second stage 2-2 penetration step for increasing the strength of the lower stage soil through penetration of the lower caisson into the film surface with the lower stage outlet closed, The lower end outlet opening step of opening the lower end outlet of the lower caisson and the lower end outlet, Shipping is characterized by including a distal end portion pushing step of pushing a front end portion to the gravel discharging the second-second step and the caisson intrusive position.

The upper outlet port opening step is characterized in that the upper outlet port is opened and the opening provided at the lower end surface of the upper caisson is closed.

As described above, according to the excavation method using the propulsion of the caisson according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent collapse of the surface of the soft ground, settlement of the ground, and sedimentation of the equipment through the propulsion of the divided caissons.

In addition, according to the excavation method using the propulsion of the caisson according to the present invention, since a plurality of caissons can be excavated by dividing the closure surface, the clay can be controlled, so that the clay can be used irrespective of the type of the ground.

1 is a flowchart showing a first embodiment of an excavation method using propulsion of a caisson according to the present invention in order;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a second embodiment of an excavation method using propulsion of a caisson according to the present invention in order; FIG.
3 shows a drilling apparatus using propulsion of a caisson according to the present invention.
4 is a view of a caisson of a drilling rig using propulsion of a caisson in accordance with the present invention.
5 is a view showing a reaction force frame of a drilling apparatus using propulsion of a caisson according to the present invention.
6 is a view showing a direction adjusting jack of a drilling rig using propulsion of a caisson according to the present invention;
7 is a view showing the operation of a drilling apparatus using propulsion of a caisson according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a first embodiment of an excavation method using a propulsion of a caisson according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the excavation method using propulsion of a caisson according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is a view showing a caisson of a drilling apparatus using propulsion of a caisson according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a view showing a caisson according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a view showing a direction adjusting jack of a drilling apparatus using propulsion of a caisson according to the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a view showing an operation of the excavator according to the present invention Fig. 3 is a view showing the operation of a drilling apparatus using propulsion of a caisson.

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of an excavation method using propulsion of a caisson in accordance with the present invention. FIG. 1 shows an installation step S10 for installing a caisson and a front end on a surface to be excavated, (S12) of closing the upper outlet port of the upper caisson and a 1-1 penetration step (S13) of penetrating the upper caisson into the upper surface of the covering surface in a state of closing the upper outlet port, (S14) for discharging the gravel generated by the lower casing to the lower caisson disposed at the lower end of the front end, and a lower stage outlet opening step (S15) for opening the lower stage outlet arranged on the rear surface of the lower caisson arranged at the lower stage (S16) in which the lower caisson is penetrated into the lower portion of the film surface in a state in which the lower casing is opened and the lower casing is inserted into the lower casing through the lower casing, (S17) for discharging the soil and a tip-end propelling step (S30) for propelling the tip to the position where the caisson is penetrated.

In addition, the above-described first embodiment is performed when the excavation is first performed in a general ground, and after the tip end propulsion step S30 is performed for the first time, the installation step S10 and the upper outlet closing step S12 The lower outlet opening step S15 is omitted and the first 1-1 penetration step S13, the 1-1 first soil discharge step S14, the 1-2 first penetration step S16, the 1-2 first soil discharge step S17) and the tip end propulsion step (S30) are repeatedly performed to gradually repeat excavation and bucking (discharge) of the bucky (gravel) and propulsion of the tip end.

In this manner, the first penetration step (S13) for penetrating the upper caisson through the upper surface and the first penetration step (S16) for penetrating the lower caisson through the lower surface of the closure surface are performed separately, It has the effect of excavating divided surface, which makes it possible to greatly reduce the possibility of collapse of the surface, which is very dangerous in the excavation of manpower.

 In particular, as the rigid buckle is discharged through the rear end of the upper caisson and discharged through the lower caisson without being discharged and dropped, it is possible to prevent the risk of safety accidents due to bucking and falling of the buckle.

In addition, when the characteristics of the ground for excavation are soft ground, it may be difficult to excavate the planned route due to the own weight of the excavator and the settling of the ground. However, in the second embodiment of the excavation method using the propulsion of caisson according to the present invention Can minimize sedimentation in soft ground.

(S10) for installing a caisson and a front end portion on a surface to be excavated, an upper outlet port opening step (S22) for opening an upper outlet port of the upper caisson disposed at the upper end of the front end portion, A second-1 penetration step (S23) in which the upper caisson is penetrated into the upper surface of the film surface in a state where the upper caisson is penetrated into the upper caisson, and the sedimentation of the excavation device due to the earth- A second bottom discharge opening closing step (S25) for closing the bottom discharge port disposed on the rear surface of the lower caisson disposed at the lower end of the second end tear discharge step (S24), and a lower end discharge opening closing step A second -2 penetration step S26 for penetrating the lower part to increase the strength of the lower part ground through consolidation of the ground and the lower end discharge port of the lower caisson disposed at the lower part are opened A second-2 soil discharge step S28 for discharging the gravel in the lower caisson to the outside through the lower outlet opening step S27 and the lower outlet, and a tip end propelling step S30 for propelling the tip end to the position where the caisson is penetrated .

Also, the upper outlet opening step S22 may be configured to close the opening formed on the lower end surface of the upper caisson while opening the upper outlet, and the structure of the caisson will be described in more detail below.

The above-described second embodiment is performed when the excavation is performed for the first time in the soft ground. After the tip end propulsion step S30 is performed for the first time, the installation step S10 and the upper outlet opening step S22 are performed And the second stage 1 penetration step S23, the second stage 1 soil discharge stage S24, the lower stage outlet closing stage S25, the second -2 penetration stage S26, the lower stage outlet opening stage S27, The second-2 soil discharge step (S28) and the tip-end propulsion step (S30) are repeatedly performed to gradually perform excavation, clay and propulsion.

In other words, the upper end excavation and the lower ground after clay are strengthened by underground consolidation, and the excavated buckle of the lower end is excavated to prevent sedimentation.

FIG. 3 illustrates a drilling apparatus using a propulsion of a caisson according to the present invention. The excavation apparatus includes a caisson 10 having a hollow structure having an open front face that penetrates into a front surface and performs excavation, A plurality of push-in jacks 4 disposed on the inner side of the caisson 10 and extending rearwardly, and a plurality of push-in jacks 4 disposed on the inner side of the caisson 10 to support the top 1 during the excavation, And a reaction force frame 5 disposed inside the front end portion 2 and supporting the rear end of the press-in jack 4 so that the caisson 10 can be propelled forward.

The caisson 10 may have a shape corresponding to the shape of the front end portion 2 (a shape in which both the front end portion and the caisson are both rectangular or circular) and one caisson is propelled by the plurality of indentation jacks 4 In order to minimize the occurrence of safety accidents due to the collapse of the closing surface, it is preferable that the plurality of caissons 10 are constructed so as to be able to excavate divided surface.

More specifically, a plurality of caissons (11, 12) having a hollow structure with an open front face penetrating into a front surface and performing excavation and a ceiling (11, 12) during penetration of the caissons A plurality of horizontal direction dividing plates 12b and a plurality of vertical dividing plates 12b are provided so as to support the ceiling 1 so that the caissons 1 are not collapsed but a plurality of caissons 11, A plurality of press-in jacks 4 disposed on the inside of the caissons 11 and 12 and extending backward and a plurality of press-in jacks 4 provided on the inner side of the front end portion 2, And a reaction force frame 5 arranged to support the rear end of the press-in jack 4 so that the caissons 11 and 12 can be propelled forward.

In this manner, the closing surface can be divided into two sections in the up and down directions, or the crushing surface can be divided to further minimize the collapse of the closing surface depending on the height of the closing surface to be excavated.

The caissons 11 and 12 are formed in consideration of the height of the covering surface in a range in which the height of the caissons 11 and 12 is not higher than the length of the caissons 11 and 12 so that the collapse of the covering surface is minimized It is most preferable that the structure according to the division of the caissons 11 and 12 can be configured as simple as possible.

A rear end portion 3 provided at a rear end of the front end portion 2 to provide a space in which a segment 8 for forming a tunnel structure is provided and a rear end portion 3 disposed inside the rear end portion 3, And may further comprise a plurality of propelling jacks 6 for propelling the front end portion 2 and the rear end portion 3 with the segment 8 supported thereon.

The propulsion jack 6 propels the leading end portion 2 disposed in the front half of the rear end portion 3 and the rear end portion 3 while extending the preformed segment 8 as a support, After the elongated propulsion phase is completed, the propulsion jack 6 will install a new segment in the retracted space.

After completion of the installation of the new segment, the excavation jack 6, after performing the excavation through the front end portion 2, extends the newly installed segment as it is supported while moving the rear end portion 3 and the rear end portion 3 The tunnel structure is formed by repeatedly drilling the tunnel and installing the segment.

3 or 4 shows the caisson of the excavation apparatus using the propulsion of the caisson according to the present invention, and the upper caisson 11 arranged at the upper one of the caissons 11, A first opening 13 is formed in a lower end surface of the caissons 11 and 12 so as to discharge the gravel generated during penetration into the film surface to the lower caissons 12 arranged at the lower end, As shown in (4-II) of FIG. 4, the lower caisson 12 arranged at the lower end is formed with a second opening 14 on the upper surface so that the soil can be introduced from the upper caisson 11, And a bottom discharge port 16 for discharging the gravel is formed on the rear surface.

In addition, it is preferable that the first opening 13 and the lower outlet 16 are configured to be openable and closable as required.

The upper caisson 11 arranged at the upper one of the caissons 11 and 12 is provided on the rear surface of the upper caisson 11 in order to prevent sedimentation due to the earth- And a lower outlet 16 for discharging the gravel introduced into the lower surface of the lower caisson 12 is formed on the rear surface of the lower caisson 12 arranged at the lower end of the caissons 11 and 12, The discharge port 16 is configured to be openable and closable so that the lower caissons 12 are closed while the lower discharge port 16 is closed in order to prevent the lower caissons 12 from sinking from the soft ground so that the strength of the lower end ground And is then opened to discharge the gravel introduced by intrusion.

That is, in the soft ground, the upper caisson 11 is disposed in the lower caisson 12 in a state where the lower cauldron 11 is closed and the bottom outlet 16 is closed so that buckling of the buckle is minimized ) Is penetrated into the bottom of the closing surface to improve the ground strength under the cladding surface through consolidation of the ground, and then the bottom discharge port (16) is opened to prevent sinking of the excavator by clogging the buried buckle.

Also, with the rapid bucking of the upper caisson 11 and the ground consolidation of the lower caisson, additional effects such as an increase in pore water pressure and a buoyancy effect are generated, thereby effectively preventing settlement of the ground and excavator.

FIG. 5 is a view showing a reaction force frame of a drilling apparatus using the propulsion of a caisson according to the present invention. The reaction force frame supporting the rear end of a press-in jack extending to allow the caisson to be propelled by extension of a plurality of press- 5 are inserted into the fixed beam 71 formed along the inner circumferential surface of the distal end portion 2 and formed with the valley 72 on the inner circumferential surface thereof and the valley 72 formed on the inner circumferential surface of the fixed beam 71, And a plurality of sliding beams 73 installed to be capable of lateral transfer and detachment and attachment.

The sliding beams 73 may be moved by arranging the sliding beams 73 in accordance with the number of caissons and spacing and installation positions of the press-in jacks, or the sliding beams 73 may be additionally installed .

More specifically, as shown in (5-I) of Fig. 5, a press-in jack disposed at the center of the first press-in jack 4a of the first caisson and the second press-in jack 4b of the second caisson A plurality of sliding beams may be configured to support the respective press-in jacks 4a and 4b, or when three or more caissons are installed laterally, two or more sliding beams A beam 73 is provided.

It is preferable that the roller 73a is disposed at the upper and lower ends of the sliding beam 73 so that the sliding beam 73 is smoothly conveyed as shown in (5-II).

6 is a view showing a direction adjusting jack of a drilling apparatus using a propulsion of a caisson according to the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a state in which a space for installing a segment for joining a rear end of the front end portion 2 to form a tunnel structure is provided And a plurality of direction adjusting jacks 7 disposed between the distal end portion 2 and the rear end portion 3 for adjusting the direction of the distal end portion 2.

The front end of the rear end portion 3 is preferably in contact with the rear surface of the front end portion 2. The front end portion of the rear end portion 3 is in contact with the rear end of the rear end portion 3, So that the rear end 3 propelled by the extension of the propelling jack propels the front end 2. When a change in the propelling direction is required, the direction adjusting jack 7, which is disposed opposite to the direction in which the propelling jack is to be advanced, It is possible to switch the direction of the distal end portion 2 at a predetermined angle 1A as shown in (6-II) of Fig.

7 shows the operation of the drilling apparatus using the propulsion of the caisson according to the present invention. When the sedimentation occurs on the side of the distal end 2 as shown by (7-I) in FIG. 7, The upper outlet port 15 of the upper caisson 11 is opened through the upper outlet port opening step S22 and then the upper caisson is closed through the 2nd -1 penetration step S23 as shown in (7-II) And discharges the soil in the upper caisson through the upper discharge port 15 through the second-1 soil discharge stage S24 to the outside of the room so as to prevent the digging device from sinking due to the soil earth load in the upper caisson 11 .

At this time, a plurality of press-in jacks through which the upper caissons 11 are inserted may be operated to change the direction in which the caissons are introduced.

More specifically, the upper caisson 11 may be inserted so that the upper caisson 11 is partially raised not in the horizontal direction by further extending the press-in jack disposed at the lower end.

Also, the lower end outlet disposed on the rear surface of the lower caisson 12 is closed through the lower outlet closing step S25 and the second -2 penetration step S26 as shown in (7-III) of FIG. 7, 12) is penetrated into the bottom of the covering surface to increase the strength of the lower ground through ground consolidation, and then the lower outlet of the lower caisson is opened through the lower outlet opening step S27 and the second-2 soil discharging step S28 And the gravel in the lower caisson is discharged out of the room.

Then, by advancing the leading end portion to the position where the caisson is penetrated through the tip end propelling step (S30), it is possible to perform the excavation work while minimizing the settling of the excavator in the soft ground.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention should therefore be construed in light of the claims set forth to cover many of such variations.

1: Ground
2:
3: rear end
4: indentation jack
5: reaction force frame
6: Propulsion Jack
7: Direction adjustment jack
8: Segment
9:
10: Caisson
11: upper caisson
12: Lower caisson
13: First door
14: The second chamber
15: Top outlet
16: Lower outlet
21:
71: Fixed beam
72: Goals
73: Sliding beam

Claims (10)

delete delete delete delete delete delete delete An installation step of installing a caisson and a front end on a surface of the closure to be excavated;
An upper outlet closing step of closing an upper outlet of the upper caisson disposed at the upper end of the front end;
A 1-1 penetration step of penetrating the upper caisson into the film surface with the upper discharge port closed;
A 1-1 earth discharging step of discharging the earth and sand generated in the upper caisson to the lower caisson disposed at the lower end of the front end;
A lower outlet opening step for opening a lower outlet disposed on the rear surface of the lower caisson disposed at the lower end;
A first 1-2 penetration step of allowing the lower caissons to penetrate into the film surface with the lower outlet being open;
A second soil discharge step of discharging the gravel in the lower caisson to the outside through the lower discharge port;
And a tip end propelling step for propelling the tip end to a position where the caisson is penetrated
Excavation method using propulsion of caissons.
An installation step of installing a caisson and a front end on a surface of the closure to be excavated;
An upper outlet opening step for opening an upper outlet port of the upper caisson disposed at the upper end of the front end;
A second-1 penetration step of penetrating the upper caisson into the film surface with the upper discharge port opened;
A second-1 soil discharge step of discharging the gravel in the upper caisson to the outside through the upper discharge port to prevent settling by the gravel load;
A lower outlet closing step of closing a lower outlet disposed on the rear surface of the lower caisson disposed at the lower end of the front end portion;
A second -2 penetration step of penetrating the lower caisson into the film surface with the lower outlet closed and increasing the strength of the lower ground through consolidation of the ground;
A lower outlet opening step for opening a lower outlet of the lower caisson disposed at the lower end;
A 2-2 soil discharge step of discharging the soil in the lower caisson to the outside through the lower discharge port;
And a tip end propelling step for propelling the tip end to a position where the caisson is penetrated
Excavation method using propulsion of caissons.
10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the upper outlet opening step closes the opening formed in the lower end surface of the upper caisson while opening the upper outlet port
Excavation method using propulsion of caissons.

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