KR101929723B1 - 복합 재료를 위한 높은 유리 전이 온도를 갖는 반결정질 폴리아미드 조성물, 이의 제조 방법, 및 이의 용도 - Google Patents
복합 재료를 위한 높은 유리 전이 온도를 갖는 반결정질 폴리아미드 조성물, 이의 제조 방법, 및 이의 용도 Download PDFInfo
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- KR101929723B1 KR101929723B1 KR1020187006981A KR20187006981A KR101929723B1 KR 101929723 B1 KR101929723 B1 KR 101929723B1 KR 1020187006981 A KR1020187006981 A KR 1020187006981A KR 20187006981 A KR20187006981 A KR 20187006981A KR 101929723 B1 KR101929723 B1 KR 101929723B1
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- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
- 50 내지 100 중량% 의 반결정질 폴리아미드 중합체 및 0 내지 50 중량% 의 하나 이상의 첨가제 및/또는 하나 이상의 기타 중합체를 포함하는, 30 내지 60 부피%, 바람직하게는 35 내지 50 부피% 의 열가소성 매트릭스; 및
- 40 내지 70 부피%, 바람직하게는 50 내지 65 부피% 의 긴 강화 섬유 (또는 긴 섬유 강화물),
상기 열가소성 매트릭스는 긴 강화 섬유 (또는 긴 섬유 강화물) 를 함침시키고,
상기 반결정질 폴리아미드 중합체는 하기이고:
(a) 반결정질 폴리아미드 중합체의 하나 이상의 반응성 폴리아미드 예비중합체 전구체를 포함하거나 이로 이루어지는 반응성 조성물,
또는 (a) 에 대한 대안으로서,
(b) 하나 이상의 폴리아미드 중합체의 비반응성 조성물, 상기 조성물은 상기 정의된 열가소성 매트릭스의 것임,
상기 조성물은 상기 정의된 열가소성 매트릭스의 것이고,
조성물 (a) 의 상기 반응성 폴리아미드 예비중합체 및 조성물 b) 의 상기 폴리아미드 중합체는 하나 이상의 BACT/XT 코폴리아미드를 포함하거나 이로 이루어짐.
Description
Claims (39)
- 하기를 포함하는 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물로서:
- 50 내지 100 중량% 의 반결정질 폴리아미드 중합체 및 0 내지 50 중량% 의 하나 이상의 첨가제, 하나 이상의 기타 중합체, 또는 하나 이상의 첨가제 및 하나 이상의 기타 중합체를 포함하는, 30 내지 60 부피% 의 열가소성 매트릭스,
- 40 내지 70 부피% 의 긴 강화 섬유 (또는 긴 섬유 강화물),
상기 열가소성 매트릭스가 상기 긴 강화 섬유 (또는 상기 긴 섬유 강화물) 를 함침시키고,
상기 열가소성 매트릭스가 하기이고:
a) 상기 반결정질 폴리아미드 중합체의 전구체인 하나 이상의 반응성 폴리아미드 예비중합체를 포함하거나 이로 이루어지는 반응성 조성물,
또는 a) 에 대한 대안으로서,
b) 하나 이상의 폴리아미드 중합체의 비반응성 조성물, 상기 조성물은 상기 정의된 상기 열가소성 매트릭스의 것임,
조성물 a) 의 상기 반응성 폴리아미드 예비중합체 및 조성물 b) 의 상기 폴리아미드 중합체가 하기와 같은 하나 이상의 BACT/XT 코폴리아미드를 포함하거나 이로 이루어지는, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물:
- BACT 는 20 내지 70% 범위의 몰 함량으로 존재하는 아미드 단위를 포함하는 단위이고, 여기서 BAC 는 1,3-비스(아미노메틸)시클로헥실 (1,3-BAC), 1,4-비스(아미노메틸)시클로헥실 (1,4-BAC) 및 이의 혼합물로부터 선택되고, T 는 테레프탈산임,
- XT 는 30 내지 80% 범위의 몰 함량으로 존재하는 아미드 단위를 포함하는 단위이고, 여기서 X 는 C9 내지 C18 선형 지방족 디아민이고, T 는 테레프탈산임,
- BACT, XT, 또는 BACT 및 XT 단위에서, 서로 독립적으로, 디카르복시산의 총량에 대해 30 mol% 이하의 테레프탈산은 탄소수 6 내지 36 의 방향족, 지방족 또는 지환족 디카르복시산으로 대체될 수 있음, 및
- BACT, XT, 또는 BACT 및 XT 단위에서, 서로 독립적으로, 디아민의 총량에 대해 30 mol% 이하의 BAC, X, 또는 BAC 및 X 는, 탄소수 4 내지 36 의 디아민으로 대체될 수 있음, 및
- 코폴리아미드에서, 단량체의 총량에 대해 30 mol% 이하는 락탐 또는 아미노카르복시산에 의해 형성될 수 있음, 및
- 테레프탈산, BAC 및 X 를 대체하는 단량체의 합계는, 코폴리아미드에서 사용된 단량체의 총량에 대해 30 mol% 의 농도를 초과하지 않는다는 조건 하에 있음, 및
- BACT 및 XT 단위는 항상 상기 폴리아미드 중합체에 존재한다는 조건 하에 있음. - 제 1 항에 있어서, 표준 ISO 11357-3 (2013) 에 따라 측정된 상기 반결정질 폴리아미드 중합체의 용융점 Mp 가 < 290 ℃ 인, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 표준 ISO 11357-2 (2013) 에 따라 측정된 상기 반결정질 폴리아미드 중합체의 유리 전이 온도 Tg 가 > 120 ℃ 인, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 표준 ISO 11357-3:2013 에 따라 측정된 상기 반결정질 폴리아미드 중합체의 용융점과 결정화 온도 사이의 차이 Mp-Tc 가 < 40 ℃ 인, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 표준 ISO 11357-3:2013 에 따라 시차 주사 열량계 (DSC) 에 의해 측정된 반결정질 폴리아미드 중합체의 결정화 열이 40 J/g 초과인 것을 특징으로 하는, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, BAC 가 1,3-BAC 인, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, BAC 가 1,3-BAC 이고, XT 가 9T, 10T, 11T 및 12T 로부터 선택되는, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, XT 가 10T 이고, 10 이 1,10-데칸디아민인, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 테레프탈산, BAC 및 X 를 대체하는 단량체의 몰%의 합계가 0 인, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 열가소성 매트릭스가 b) 에 따른 비반응성 조성물인 것을 특징으로 하는, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 열가소성 매트릭스가, 복합물의 상기 매트릭스의 상기 폴리아미드 중합체의 전구체 및 a) 에 따른 예비중합체의 반응성 조성물인 것을 특징으로 하는, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물.
- 제 11 항에 있어서, 상기 반응성 조성물 a) 가 동일한 사슬 상에 2 개의 말단 관능기 X' 및 Y' 를 함유하는 하나 이상의 반응성 예비중합체를 포함하거나 이로 이루어지고, 상기 관능기가 각각 축합에 의해 서로와 공동반응성이고, 이때 X' 및 Y' 가 각각 아민 및 카르복실, 또는 카르복실 및 아민인 것을 특징으로 하는, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물.
- 제 11 항에 있어서, 상기 반응성 조성물 a) 가 서로와 반응성이고 각각 2 개의 동일한 말단 관능기 X' 또는 Y' 를 함유하는 적어도 2 개의 폴리아미드 예비중합체를 포함하고, 예비중합체의 상기 관능기 X' 가 오로지 다른 예비중합체의 상기 관능기 Y' 와만 반응될 수 있는 것을 특징으로 하는, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물.
- 제 11 항에 있어서, 상기 반응성 조성물 a) 또는 전구체 조성물이 하기를 포함하거나 이로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물:
a1) -NH2, -CO2H 및 -OH 로부터 선택되는 n 개의 말단 반응성 관능기 X' 를 가지는 상기 폴리아미드 중합체의 하나 이상의 예비중합체, 이때 n 은 1 내지 3 임,
a2) 하나 이상의 사슬 연장제 Y-A'-Y, 이때 A' 는 상기 예비중합체 a1) 의 하나 이상의 관능기 X' 와 중부가에 의해 반응하는 2 개의 동일한 말단 반응성 관능기 Y 를 지니는, 비중합체성 구조의 탄화수소 2가 라디칼임. - 제 11 항에 있어서, 상기 반응성 조성물 a) 의 상기 반응성 예비중합체가 500 내지 10 000 범위의 수-평균 분자량 Mn 을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물.
- 제 14 항에 있어서, X' 가 NH2 또는 OH 이고, Y 가 무수물, 말레이미드, 임의로는 블록화 이소시아네이트, 옥사지논, 옥사졸리논 및 에폭시로부터 선택되는, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물.
- 제 14 항에 있어서, X' 가 CO2H 이고, Y 가 에폭시, 옥사졸린, 옥사진, 이미다졸린 및 아지리딘으로부터 선택되는, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물.
- 제 17 항에 있어서, X' 가 CO2H 이고, Y-A'-Y 가 페닐렌비스옥사졸린으로부터 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물.
- 제 11 항에 있어서, 이것이 a1) 열가소성 매트릭스의 상기 반결정질 폴리아미드 중합체의 하나 이상의 아미노 예비중합체 (-NH2 를 함유), 및 a2) 에틸렌성 또는 아세틸렌성 불포화를 포함하는 기를 치환기로서 갖는 시클릭 카르복시산 무수물 기를 함유하는 하나 이상의 비중합체성 사슬 연장제 (상기 카르복시산 무수물 기는 산, 에스테르, 아미드 또는 이미드 형태이고, 상기 비중합체성 사슬 연장제 a2) 는 0.36 미만의 a2)/(-NH2) 몰비인 함량으로 존재함) 를 포함하고, 열가소성 매트릭스의 상기 폴리아미드 중합체는 상기 비중합체성 사슬 연장제 a2) 에 의한 상기 아미노 예비중합체 a1) 의 연장에 의한 중합 반응의 생성물인 것을 특징으로 하는, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물.
- 제 19 항에 있어서, 상기 비중합체성 사슬 연장제 a2) 가 기 R-C = C-(R')x- (식 중, R 은 C1-C2 알킬 또는 H 또는 아릴이거나, R 은 방향족 고리의 위치 4 에서 탄소를 통해 아세틸렌성 삼중 결합에 결합된 방향족 카르복시산 무수물의 잔기이고, x 는 0 또는 1 이고, x 가 1 인 경우 R' 은 카르보닐 기임) 에 의해 정의된 치환기에 의하여 방향족 고리의 위치 4 에서 치환된 방향족 무수물 화합물로부터 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물.
- 제 19 항에 있어서, 상기 비중합체성 사슬 연장제 a2) 가 메틸에티닐, 페닐에티닐, 4-(o-프탈로일)에티닐 또는 페닐 에티닐 케톤으로부터 선택되는 치환기를 위치 4 에 함유하는 o-프탈산 방향족 무수물 화합물로부터 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물.
- 제 19 항에 있어서, 상기 비중합체성 사슬 연장제 a2) 가 500 이하의 분자량을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 긴 강화 섬유가 L/D >1000 을 갖는 원형 횡단면을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물.
- 제 1 항 내지 제 23 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 성형 조성물인 것을 특징으로 하는, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물.
- 제 11 항 내지 제 22 항 중 어느 한 항에 정의된 바와 같은 하나 이상의 반응성 조성물 a) 의 중합 단계 하나 이상 또는 제 10 항에 정의된 바와 같은 하나 이상의 비반응성 조성물 b) 의 성형 또는 가공 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 제 1 항 내지 제 22 항 중 어느 한 항에 정의된 바와 같은 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물을 갖는, 열가소성 복합 재료의 제조 방법.
- 제 25 항에 있어서, 하기 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 제조 방법:
i) 상기 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물을 수득하기 위한, 개방 또는 폐쇄 몰드에서 또는 몰드 밖에서의, 상기 긴 섬유 강화물은 포함하지 않는 상기 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물에 의한 긴 섬유 강화물의 용융 함침 단계,
ii) 상기 반응성 조성물 a) 의 경우, 단계 i) 의 상기 조성물의 가열에 의한 중합 반응 단계, 이때 사슬 연장이 경우에 따라 중축합 반응 또는 벌크 용융 중부가 반응에 의해 있을 수 있고, 중축합의 경우에 폐쇄 몰드가 포함될 때 축합 생성물의 진공 하의 제거는 진공 추출 시스템을 사용하고, 다르게는 중축합은 개방 몰드에서 또는 몰드 밖에서 수행됨,
iii) 비반응성 조성물 b) 의 경우, 몰드에서 또는 또다른 가공 시스템으로 최종 복합 부품을 형성하기 위한 단계 i) 의 상기 비반응성 조성물의 가공 또는 성형 단계, 및 반응성 조성물 a) 의 경우, 중합 반응 단계 ii) 와 동시에 수행되는 성형 또는 또다른 가공 시스템에 의한 가공 단계. - 제 25 항에 있어서, 상기 가공이 RTM, C-RTM, S-RIM, 사출-압축 성형 또는 인발 (pultrusion) 공정에 따라 또는 인퓨전 (infusion) 성형에 의해 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 제조 방법.
- 제 1 항 내지 제 23 항 중 어느 한 항에 정의된 상기 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물의 열가소성 매트릭스의 중합체이고, 상기 중합체가 상기 비반응성 조성물 b) 에 따라 정의된 비반응성 중합체 또는 상기 반응성 조성물 a) 에 따라 정의된 바와 같은 반응성 조성물로부터 수득될 수 있는 중합체인 것을 특징으로 하는, 반결정질 폴리아미드 중합체.
- 제 1 항 내지 제 23 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 열가소성 복합 재료를 기반으로 한 기계적 또는 구조적 부품의 제조에 사용되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물.
- 제 29 항에 있어서, 상기 열가소성 복합 재료의 상기 기계적 또는 구조적 부품이, 자동차 분야, 철로 분야, 해양 (해안) 분야, 풍력 분야, 광전지 분야, 태양 전지판 및 태양 발전소의 구성요소를 포함하는 태양 에너지 분야, 스포츠 분야, 항공 분야, 우주 분야, 도로 교통수단 (트럭 관련) 분야, 건설 분야, 토목 공학 분야, 패널 분야 또는 레저 분야에서의 적용을 고려하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 열가소성 복합 재료용 조성물.
- 제 1 항 내지 제 23 항 중 어느 한 항에 정의된 바와 같은 반결정질 폴리아미드 중합체를 기반으로 하는 열가소성 매트릭스를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 열가소성 복합 재료.
- 제 1 항 내지 제 23 항 중 어느 한 항에 정의된 바와 같은 반결정질 폴리아미드 중합체를 기반으로 하는 열가소성 매트릭스를 포함하거나, 제 1 항 내지 제 23 항 중 어느 한 항에 정의된 바와 같은 반결정질 폴리아미드 중합체를 기반으로 하는 열가소성 매트릭스를 포함하는 열가소성 복합 재료를 기반으로 하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 열가소성 복합 재료로부터 제조된 기계적 또는 구조적 부품.
- 제 32 항에 있어서, 전기영동 (cataphoresis) 에 의해 후-처리된 자동차 부품인 것을 특징으로 하는, 열가소성 복합 재료로부터 제조된 기계적 또는 구조적 부품.
- 제 32 항에 있어서, 풍력 산업을 위한 부품인 것을 특징으로 하는, 열가소성 복합 재료로부터 제조된 기계적 또는 구조적 부품.
- 제 32 항에 있어서, 항공 산업을 위한 부품인 것을 특징으로 하는, 열가소성 복합 재료로부터 제조된 기계적 또는 구조적 부품.
- 제 25 항에 정의된 방법에 의해 수득되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 열가소성 복합 재료로부터 제조된 기계적 또는 구조적 부품.
- 제 36 항에 있어서, 전기영동에 의해 후-처리된 자동차 부품인 것을 특징으로 하는, 열가소성 복합 재료로부터 제조된 기계적 또는 구조적 부품.
- 제 36 항에 있어서, 풍력 산업을 위한 부품인 것을 특징으로 하는, 열가소성 복합 재료로부터 제조된 기계적 또는 구조적 부품.
- 제 36 항에 있어서, 항공 산업을 위한 부품인 것을 특징으로 하는, 열가소성 복합 재료로부터 제조된 기계적 또는 구조적 부품.
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WO2014064375A1 (fr) | 2012-10-23 | 2014-05-01 | Arkema France | Matériau composite thermoplastique a base de polyamide semi-cristallin et procédé de fabrication |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3325538B1 (fr) | 2021-03-03 |
US10961348B2 (en) | 2021-03-30 |
EP3325538A1 (fr) | 2018-05-30 |
FR3053696B1 (fr) | 2018-07-06 |
JP6538272B2 (ja) | 2019-07-03 |
US20180251601A1 (en) | 2018-09-06 |
JP2018531297A (ja) | 2018-10-25 |
KR20180030717A (ko) | 2018-03-23 |
US20190338074A1 (en) | 2019-11-07 |
ES2866925T3 (es) | 2021-10-20 |
CN107949596A (zh) | 2018-04-20 |
WO2018011495A1 (fr) | 2018-01-18 |
CN107949596B (zh) | 2021-02-02 |
US10377856B2 (en) | 2019-08-13 |
FR3053696A1 (fr) | 2018-01-12 |
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