KR101756888B1 - Building integrated photo voltaic module - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a building integrated solar module, and more particularly, to a solar module having a solar cell module for receiving sunlight and converting light energy into electric energy; And a heat dissipation frame positioned below the solar cell module and diffusing heat generated from the solar cell module, wherein the heat dissipation frame is formed by injection molding a thermal compound.
As described above, in the building integrated solar module according to the present invention, by combining the solar module with the heat dissipation frame formed by injection molding of the heat dissipation compound including graphite, the thermal conductivity of the solar module in the vertical direction So that the heat dissipation property of the solar module can be improved.
In the building integrated solar module according to the present invention, the graphite and the glass fiber are mixed and smelted together during the manufacture of the heat dissipation compound, and the heat dissipation compound thus produced is injection molded to produce the heat dissipation frame. The strength is improved, and the solar cell module can be supported more stably.

Description

[0001] Building integrated photo voltaic module [0002]

The present invention relates to a building-integrated solar module, and more particularly, to a building-integrated solar module capable of improving heat dissipation characteristics of heat generated during power generation of a building-integrated solar module.

Natural resources buried on the earth are gradually depleting over time, attracting a lot of attention to the development of alternative energy sources that replace depleted natural resources.

These alternative energy sources represent energy that has little impact on the environment, such as solar, hydro, geothermal, wind, and marine energy. Among them, power generation using solar energy converts light from the sun into energy, which is converted into electricity by converting the light energy into electrical energy on the principle of photoelectric effect.

Recently, as the technology of solar power generation is gradually developed, the integrated solar power generation technology which performs the solar power generation by using the exterior material of the building is attracting attention.

Building integrated photo voltaic (BIPV) is a power generation system that can obtain electric energy by using an electronic plate on the outer wall of a building. It is a solar power module that is used as the exterior material of a building as a building exterior material, roofing material, . Accordingly, since a space for installing a solar module is not required, it is possible to reduce the construction cost of a building than a conventional stand-alone solar power generation system, thereby being advantageous in terms of economy, environmentally friendly, .

In this way, the integrated solar power generation in buildings can be applied to a high efficiency cell such as a back electrode type silicon solar cell with high efficiency, a ribbon technology capable of minimizing output loss, a sealing material technology, It is possible to improve the power generation efficiency of the solar module by applying a combination of the front surface technology such as the anti-reflection coating glass which can maximize the light transmittance.

Particularly, since the solar module is integrated into the outer wall of the building, the roof, and the window of the building, the temperature of the solar module rises rapidly to 80 ° C or more during power generation. And the power generation efficiency of the battery. In addition, since the space between the building wall and the solar module is constructed in a closed form without air movement, the heat generated in the solar module is concentrated in the closed air layer, thereby raising the temperature of the solar module .

Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1299535 (Aug. 19, 2013) Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1200631 (November 6, 2012)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a solar module, which can improve overall heat dissipation characteristics of a solar module by increasing thermal conductivity in a vertical direction, Optical module.

A building integrated solar module according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a solar cell module for receiving sunlight and converting light energy into electric energy; And a heat dissipation frame positioned below the solar cell module to diffuse heat generated from the solar cell module; The heat radiating frame is formed by injection molding a thermal compound.

The heat dissipation compound may include a spherical graphite.

The heat dissipation compound may include 40 to 50 wt% of the graphite.

The heat dissipation compound may include expanded graphite: expandable graphite: spheroid graphite in a ratio of 10: 25: 10 wt%.

The heat dissipation compound may further include a glass fiber.

The heat radiating frame may be a roofing tile type or a shingle type.

The heat radiating frame may have a lattice pattern.

An AS hole formed at one side of each of the plurality of solar cell modules to assemble a bolt when a plurality of solar cell modules are formed in multiple layers; And a hole stopper fitted to an upper portion of the AS hole in which the bolt is assembled.

As described above, in the building integrated solar module according to the present invention, by combining the solar module with the heat dissipation frame formed by injection molding of the heat dissipation compound including graphite, the thermal conductivity of the solar module in the vertical direction So that the heat dissipation property of the solar module can be improved.

Also, in the building integrated solar module according to the present invention, graphite and glass fiber are mixed and smelted together during the manufacture of the heat dissipation compound, and the heat dissipation compound thus produced is injection-molded to produce a heat dissipation frame, The strength is improved, and the solar cell module can be supported more stably.

1 is a perspective view of a building-integrated photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is an exploded perspective view of a building-integrated photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a perspective view of a building integrated photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
4 is an exploded perspective view of a building-integrated photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art, however, that these examples are provided to further illustrate the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the present invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: It is to be noted that components are denoted by the same reference numerals even though they are shown in different drawings, and components of different drawings can be cited when necessary in describing the drawings. It is to be understood, however, that the invention is not intended to be limited to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

In the following detailed description of the principles of operation of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the details of the known functions and configurations, and other matters may be unnecessarily obscured, A detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In addition, in the entire specification, when a part is referred to as being 'connected' to another part, it may be referred to as 'indirectly connected' not only with 'directly connected' . Also, to include an element does not exclude other elements unless specifically stated otherwise, but may also include other elements.

Also, the terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms may be used for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as a first component.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present application, the terms "comprises", "having", and the like are intended to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof, , Steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, as a matter of principle.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be construed as meaning consistent with meaning in the context of the relevant art and are not to be construed as ideal or overly formal in meaning unless expressly defined in the present application .

The present invention relates to a building integrated solar module which uses a solar module for converting light energy received through the sun into electrical energy as an exterior material or a roofing material of a building and improving heat radiation characteristics.

Hereinafter, a building integrated photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a building integrated solar module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a solar module with a built-in building according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1 and 2, the building-integrated solar module 100 of the present invention includes a solar cell module 120, a heat radiating frame 140, an AS hole 170, and a hole stopper 180 .

The solar cell module 120 receives sunlight to convert light energy into electric energy, and may include a back sheet, a solar cell, an EVA sheet (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate sheet), and a tempered glass.

The back sheet serves to protect the back surface of the solar cell. The back sheet may be formed of a transparent material having a high reflectance and capable of receiving sunlight so that incident sunlight can be reflected and reused. The back sheet functions as waterproof, insulation and ultraviolet ray shielding, and can be formed of TPT (Tedlar / PET / Tedlar) type, and can be formed into a rectangular shape, a circular shape, a semicircular shape or the like depending on the environment in which the solar cell module is installed .

The solar cell is coupled to the top surface of the back sheet.

The solar cell receives solar light and converts light energy into electric energy. The solar cell includes a substrate, an emitter layer, an antireflection film, a front electrode, a rear electrode, and a rear front layer.

The substrate can be a semiconductor substrate and is doped with a first conductivity type impurity. An emitter layer is formed on one surface of the substrate. The substrate may be formed of silicon, a compound semiconductor, a tandem, or the like. When a P-N junction is formed and light is irradiated, photovoltaic power may be generated due to the photoelectric effect.

The emitter layer has an impurity of the second conductivity type which is a conductivity type opposite to that of the substrate. When the emitter layer is formed, an antireflection film is formed on the emitter layer. In this case, one surface of the substrate on which the emitter layer and the antireflection film are formed corresponds to the light receiving surface of sunlight.

The front electrode is formed on the antireflection film, and may be electrically connected to the emitter layer through the antireflection film through a heat treatment process after printing.

The rear electrode is formed on the rear surface of the substrate. The back electrode may be formed by printing a paste for the rear electrode to which aluminum, quartz silica, or a binder is added on one surface of a substrate and then performing heat treatment. At this time, the coated back electrode paste is sintered to remove organic substances and solvents contained in the paste, and during the heat treatment of the paste, aluminum, which is an electrode material, diffuses through the back surface of the substrate, A back surface field may be formed at an interface.

Since the back surface field layer can be formed on the entire rear surface of the substrate, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the characteristics of the solar cell due to the formation of a part of the back front layer when the silver pad is formed. The other surface of the substrate opposite to the one surface on which the rear electrode is formed may have a textured surface and the front electrode may be located on the other surface of the substrate.

In addition to the above-described solar cell, the EVA sheet is disposed on the front and rear surfaces of the solar cell to prevent insulation, moisture penetration and breakage of the solar cell, and further, the front glass and the back sheet are bonded and sealed.

The tempered glass protects the light receiving surface of the solar cell.

The tempered glass and the heat dissipating frame 140 are bonded to each other using a sealing tape.

The heat dissipating frame 140 is positioned below the solar cell module 120 to diffuse the heat generated from the solar cell module 120. The heat dissipation frame 140 may be formed by injection molding a thermal compound containing 40 to 50% by weight of graphite in a spherical form and additionally containing glass fiber. At this time, the graphite is made of pure carbon, opaque to black, has metallic luster, and can be used as an electric conductor. In addition, since the heat dissipation compound includes graphite and glass fiber, the thermal conductivity of the solar cell module 120 can be increased and the mechanical strength of supporting the solar cell module 120 can be improved.

In addition, the heat radiating frame 140 may be formed in a lattice pattern so as to serve as a passage for high temperature air generated from the solar cell module 120, and also to prevent the building from being exposed to outside environment such as rain, It can serve as a roof.

Particularly, as shown in FIG. 2, the heat radiating frame 140 may have a curved surface on one side and a planar grating on the other side. Silicon is applied on the other side of the planar state, and the heat dissipation frame 140 and the solar cell module 120 are coupled to each other.

In addition, since the building integrated photovoltaic module 100 according to the present invention can be used as a facade material for a building, a tile cap 160 (see FIG. 1) is provided on one side of the heat radiation frame 140, ) Can be combined.

The AS hole 170 is formed in a straight line so as to penetrate one side of the plurality of solar cell modules 120 when the plurality of solar cell modules 120 are stacked in multiple layers, The bolts are assembled.

The hole cap 180 is fitted in the upper portion of the AS hole 170 in which the bolt is assembled.

If a technical problem arises in the solar module 100 installed on the outside of the building through this connection structure, the hole stopper 180 fitted in the upper portion of the AS hole 170 is separated, It is possible to quickly separate the multi-layered solar module 100.

As described above, in the solar cell module 120 described above, when electricity is generated in the solar cell and current flows, a heat phenomenon occurs due to the resistance of the solar cell itself, and the temperature of the solar cell rises as the power generation time becomes longer. Particularly, when the solar cell, which is a part of the inside of the solar cell module 120, is shaded due to leaves or other obstacles, the solar cell of the corresponding part can not develop and becomes a large resistance. When a current flows in a solar cell corresponding to such a large resistance, a heat phenomenon occurs. Therefore, when the solar cell is heated to a high temperature, the solar cell and its surrounding resin are discolored, and the protective material on the back surface also swells.

Accordingly, by joining the heat dissipating frame 140 generated by injection molding of the graphite having a high heat dissipation characteristic to the solar cell module 120, the heat generated from the solar cell can be rapidly discharged not only in the horizontal direction but also in the vertical direction .

Hereinafter, a building integrated photovoltaic module according to a shingle type, unlike the tile type described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, will be described.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a building-integrated solar module according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a building-integrated solar module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

3 to 4, the building integrated solar module 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a solar cell module 220, a heat radiation frame 240, an AS hole 270, The structure of the solar cell module 220, the AS hole 270 and the hole cap 280 is the same as that of the tile-type building integrated solar module 200 described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, And therefore detailed description of the same configuration will be omitted.

However, the heat dissipating frame 240 of the building integrated solar module 200 of the present invention is formed of a shingle type, and a shingle cap 260 having various colors is coupled to one side of the heat dissipating frame 240, It is possible to further maximize the aesthetic effect of the solar module integrated with the building used as the exterior material or the roof material.

In this way, the manufacturing process of the heat dissipation compound used to create the heat dissipation frame having the main features in the integrated solar module and the module will be described in detail.

As described above, the heat dissipation compound used to generate the heat radiation frame coupled to the back surface of the solar cell module is produced by mixing and smelting the graphite having high thermal conductivity together with the polymer, and then pelletizing it through a twin screw extruder ). ≪ / RTI > Particularly, in such a heat dissipation compound, the heat dissipation characteristics vary depending on the graphite content. In order to produce a heat dissipation compound of 10 W / mK grade, about 40 to 50 wt% of graphite is used, or an expanded graphite ): Expandable Graphite: The weight ratio between spherical graphite is 10: 25: 10% by weight can be used.

In addition, a graphite structure capable of improving the heat dissipation property will be described.

Table 1 below shows the heat dissipation characteristics according to the structure of the graphite.

As shown in Table 1, the expanded graphite of the used graphite has a plate-like structure having a size of about 150 μm, and the expandable graphite has a plate-like structure having a size of about 60 μm. In this case, the expansion ratio ) Has a swelling characteristic of about 250%. In addition, the spheroidal graphite has a three-dimensional shape having a size of 100um or less and can be used by grinding waste of a graphite electrode (high purity of 99.999% or more).

Since the heat dissipation structure in the PV module of the building has to diffuse the heat generated from the solar cell module through the frame, it is very important not only the horizontal thermal conductivity but also the vertical heat conduction. Therefore, when 10W / mK heat-radiating compound is produced in the horizontal direction using conventional graphite, thermal conductivity of 2W / mK level is shown in the vertical direction, unlike the horizontal direction, It is difficult to efficiently transmit the light in the vertical direction as well as in the horizontal direction.

Therefore, in order to increase the thermal conductivity not only in the horizontal direction but also in the vertical direction in the building-integrated solar module, it is preferable that 40 to 50 wt% of spherical graphite having isotropic characteristics and high thermal conductivity is contained, Expanded Graphite: Expandable Graphite: A heat dissipation compound can be prepared containing 10: 25: 10 wt% of the weight ratio between spherical graphite. Particularly, at this time, by using the high purity graphite electrode waste for high thermal conductivity, thermal conductivity in the vertical direction with respect to the solar cell module can be greatly improved.

Further, in manufacturing such heat dissipation compound, it is possible to improve the mechanical strength of the heat dissipation frame produced by injection molding such heat dissipation compound by adding glass fiber to the spherical graphite.

For example, when a heat dissipation compound is manufactured using only graphite without glass fiber and the heat radiation frame obtained by injection molding has a mechanical strength of 38.3 to 42.1 MPa in terms of tensile strength and 11.5 to 14.3 J / m, a flexural strength of 28.5 to 34.5 MPa, and a flexural modulus of 1.54 to 5.64 GPa, respectively.

Alternatively, the heat-radiating frame formed by injection-molding the heat-radiating compound containing glass fiber into graphite has a mechanical strength of 65.4 to 74.5 MPa in tensile strength, an impact strength of 27.5 to 29.8 J / m, a flexural strength Has a characteristic value of 85.6 to 90.5 MPa, and a flexural modulus of 12.4 to 12.6 GPa.

Even if these mechanical strengths are compared with each other, it can be seen that the solar cell module is supported more stably by bonding the heat radiation frame formed by injection molding of the heat dissipation compound including graphite to the back surface of the solar cell module have.

As described above, in the building integrated solar module according to the present invention, by combining the solar module with the heat dissipation frame formed by injection molding of the heat dissipation compound including graphite, the thermal conductivity of the solar module in the vertical direction So that the heat dissipation property of the solar module can be improved.

Also, in the building integrated solar module according to the present invention, graphite and glass fiber are mixed and smelted together during the manufacture of the heat dissipation compound, and the heat dissipation compound thus produced is injection-molded to produce a heat dissipation frame, The strength is improved, and the solar cell module can be supported more stably.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art that various modifications, additions and substitutions are possible, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The appended claims are to be considered as falling within the scope of the following claims.

100, 200: Building Integrated Photovoltaic Module
120, 220: solar cell module 140, 240: heat radiation frame
160: tile cap 260: shingle cap
170, 270: AS hole 180, 280: Hole cap

Claims (8)

A solar cell module for receiving solar light and converting light energy into electrical energy; And
A heat dissipation frame positioned below the solar cell module to diffuse heat generated from the solar cell module;
/ RTI >
The heat-
And is formed by injection molding a thermal compound containing graphite in a spherical form,
The heat dissipation compound
Expanded Graphite: Expandable Graphite: It comprises 10: 25: 10% by weight of spheroidal graphite.
delete delete delete The method according to claim 1,
The heat dissipation compound
A building integrated photovoltaic module characterized by further comprising glass fiber.
The method according to claim 1,
The heat-
Wherein the solar cell module comprises a roofing tile type or a shingle type solar cell module.
The method according to claim 1,
The heat-
Wherein the solar cell module has a grid pattern.
The method according to claim 1,
An AS hole formed at one side of each of the plurality of solar cell modules to assemble a bolt when a plurality of solar cell modules are formed in multiple layers; And
A hole cap fitted in the upper portion of the AS hole in which the bolt is assembled;
Further comprising a solar cell module mounted on the solar cell module.

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