KR101739297B1 - 음극 활물질, 이를 채용한 리튬 이차 전지, 및 상기 음극 활물질의 제조방법 - Google Patents
음극 활물질, 이를 채용한 리튬 이차 전지, 및 상기 음극 활물질의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR101739297B1 KR101739297B1 KR1020120135562A KR20120135562A KR101739297B1 KR 101739297 B1 KR101739297 B1 KR 101739297B1 KR 1020120135562 A KR1020120135562 A KR 1020120135562A KR 20120135562 A KR20120135562 A KR 20120135562A KR 101739297 B1 KR101739297 B1 KR 101739297B1
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/386—Silicon or alloys based on silicon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/134—Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1395—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 실시예 4에 따른 음극 활물질의 입자 사이즈 분포도이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 일 실시형태에 따른 리튬 전지의 분해 사시도이다.
도 4는 실시예 6~10 및 비교예 3에 따른 코인 하프-셀(coin half-cell)의 초기 효율을 나타낸 그래프이다.
도 5는 실시예 6~10 및 비교예 3에 따른 코인 하프-셀(coin half-cell)의 0.2C 방전 용량을 나타낸 그래프이다.
도 6은 실시예 11~15 및 비교예 6에 따른 2032 타입의 코인 풀-셀(coin full-cell)의 용량 유지율을 나타낸 그래프이다.
구분 | Si(220)면의 피크강도에 대한 Si(111)면의 피크강도의 비(I(111)/I(220)) | Si7Ti4Ni4상의 브래그 2θ각의 X-선 회절 부피크 강도에 대한 브래그 2θ각의 X-선 회절 주피크 강도의 비(I( 주피크 )/I( 부피크 )) |
실시예 1 | 1.185 | 1.156 |
실시예 2 | 1.495 | 1.733 |
실시예 3 | 1.155 | 1.105 |
실시예 4 | 1.196 | 2.091 |
실시예 5 | 1.374 | 2.344 |
비교예 1 | 0.979 | 0.964 |
구분 | 반치폭(°) | Si 결정 입자 크기(nm) |
실시예 1 | 0.2586 | 31.697 |
실시예 2 | 0.2282 | 35.916 |
실시예 3 | 0.2491 | 32.904 |
실시예 4 | 0.2406 | 34.070 |
실시예 5 | 0.2137 | 38.358 |
비교예 1 | 0.31 | 26.441 |
구분 | 초기 효율(%) | 0.2C 방전 용량(mAh/g) |
실시예 6 | 82.8 | 681.6 |
실시예 7 | 85.0 | 841.6 |
실시예 8 | 83.0 | 772.0 |
실시예 9 | 85.1 | 875.9 |
실시예 10 | 83.6 | 895.4 |
비교예 3 | 75.6 | 504.5 |
구분 | 1st 사이클에서의 방전 용량(mAh) | 50th 사이클에서의 방전 용량(mAh) | 용량 유지율(%) |
실시예 11 | 2.846 | 2.462 | 86.5 |
실시예 12 | 3.076 | 2.741 | 89.1 |
실시예 13 | 3.184 | 2.767 | 86.9 |
실시예 14 | 3.430 | 2.910 | 85.0 |
실시예 15 | 3.364 | 2.792 | 83.0 |
비교예 6 | 3.268 | 2.539 | 77.7 |
114: 양극, 120: 전지 용기, 140: 봉입 부재
Claims (22)
- Si, Ti, 및 Ni원소를 함유하는 합금으로서,
상기 합금은 Si상 및 합금상을 포함하고,
상기 Si상의 X-선 회절 스펙트럼(X-ray diffraction spectrum)에서 (220)면의 피크강도에 대한 (111)면의 피크강도의 비(I(111)/I(220))가 1.1 내지 1.5인 음극 활물질. - 삭제
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 Si상은 Si 결정 입자를 포함하고, 상기 Si 결정 입자의 크기가 30nm 내지 40nm인 음극 활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 합금상은 NiSi2상 또는 Si7Ti4Ni4상을 포함하는 음극 활물질.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 Si7Ti4Ni4상이 매트릭스를 구성하는 음극 활물질.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 Si7Ti4Ni4상은 CuK-알파 특성 X-선 파장 1.541Å을 이용하여 측정시 브래그 2θ각의 X-선 회절 주피크가 43.1°±0.1°에서 나타나고, 브래그 2θ각의 X-선 회절 부피크가 40.5°±0.1°에서 나타나는 음극 활물질.
- 제6항에 있어서, 상기 Si7Ti4Ni4상은 X-선 회절 스펙트럼(X-ray diffraction spectrum)에서 브래그 2θ각의 X-선 회절 부피크 강도에 대한 브래그 2θ각의 X-선 회절 주피크 강도의 비(I(주피크)/I(부피크))가 1.1 이상인 음극 활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 합금의 조성은 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 음극 활물질:
<화학식 1>
Six-Tiy-Niz
상기 식에서,
x/x+y+z는 0.5 내지 0.8이고, y/x+y+z는 0.1 내지 0.25이고, z/x+y+z는 0.1 내지 0.25이다. - 제1항에 있어서, 상기 합금에서 Si의 함량이 50 내지 80원자%인 음극 활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 합금에서 Ti의 함량이 10 내지 25원자%이고, Ni의 함량이 10 내지 25원자%인 음극 활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 합금은 1 내지 10㎛의 평균 입경(D50)을 갖는 합금분말인 음극 활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 음극 활물질은 카본계 재료를 더 포함하는 음극 활물질.
- 양극;
제1항, 및 제3항 내지 제12항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 음극 활물질을 포함하는 음극; 및
상기 양극과 음극 사이에 개재된 전해질;을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지. - 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
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