KR101666718B1 - Apparatus and method for removing salt from sea water - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a seawater desalination apparatus and a seawater desalination method. The seawater desalination apparatus includes a waterway having a receiving space; A main shaft connected to the bottom of the channel and extending to the ground by a predetermined depth; A raw water supply pipe connected to the channel and supplying seawater or pretreatment water to the main centrifugal well; A plurality of water collecting pipes located at the lower portion of the large-diameter drawing well and supported by the supporting portions and having a plurality of openings formed at the side surfaces thereof; A plurality of filtration filters formed in a ring shape and fitted to the outside of the respective water collecting pipes; A collecting tank in fluid communication with the lower end of each of said collecting pipes for receiving fresh water passing through said filtering filter and said collecting pipe; A fresh water channel connected to the water collecting tank to transfer the fresh water in the water collecting tank to the ground; A fresh water pump for sucking the inside of the collecting tank and transferring the fresh water collected in the collecting tank through the fresh water passage; A concentrate water pump connected to the bottom of the centrifugal well for transferring the concentrated water to the ground; A concentrated water flow path connected to the concentrated water pump for transferring the concentrated water to the ground; And the seawater or the pretreated water passes through the filtration filter and is collected into the collecting tank through the collecting pipe by a pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the filtering filter.
According to this configuration, since the filtration filter is provided in the lower part of the large-diameter well extending to a predetermined depth from the ground, it is possible to separate the fresh water from the pretreated water by natural pressure of the pretreated water, The filtration efficiency can be improved by the discharge and the salt concentration of the concentrated water can be kept low.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a seawater desalination apparatus and a seawater desalination apparatus,

The present invention relates to a seawater desalination apparatus and a seawater desalination method.

Seawater desalination refers to the removal of various impurities and salts from seawater containing saline to obtain fresh water. Generally, seawater desalination methods include evaporation, reverse osmosis, and freezing.

The evaporation method is a method of obtaining fresh water by low-pressure evaporation which evaporates at low temperature by supplying heat to seawater and then reducing the pressure.

The reverse osmosis membrane method is a method for extracting fresh water by filtering an ionic substance dissolved in seawater by a semi-permeable membrane (membrane) in which almost no ionic substance dissolved in water is passed and pure water is passed, And has been widely used recently. In order to separate ionic material and pure water from seawater, a higher pressure than osmotic pressure is required, which is called reverse osmosis. Seawater desalination generally requires high pressures as high as 42 to 70 bar.

The seawater desalination facilities using the reverse osmosis membrane method can be composed of a pretreatment device, a seawater desalination device, and a post-treatment device to remove foreign matter and salt contained in seawater.

Among these, the pretreatment device is to remove the foreign substances contained in the seawater before removing the salt from the seawater to improve the seawater desalination efficiency. Without this pretreatment step, reverse osmosis is required to remove the salt from the seawater by reverse osmosis, and the problem of excessive permeation of the fresh water through the membrane due to excessive adherence to the membrane It happens.

The pretreated water thus treated is introduced into the desalination reverse osmosis filtration apparatus and separated into desalinated treated water and concentrated water. The concentrated water is discharged and the desalinated treated water is mineralized and sterilized in the post-treatment step, and is put into the final storage tank.

In the desalination process, which removes salt from the seawater, when the osmotic pressure is applied to the seawater, the water is purified through the reverse osmosis membrane and the ions and molecules are concentrated without passing through the reverse osmosis membrane. As the salt is removed from the seawater, the concentration of the seawater becomes higher and higher, so that the water in the seawater can pass through the reverse osmosis membrane only when a higher reverse osmosis pressure is applied. In fact, the salinity of sea water is about 3.5%. As the salinity is removed from the seawater during desalination, the concentration of seawater increases by 5% to 8%.

As described above, the sea water desalination process requires a higher reverse osmosis pressure due to an increase in the concentration of seawater, thereby increasing energy costs.

At present, the high concentration of seawater remaining after production of freshwater is abandoned to the sea. So far, the regulations on seawater desalination are not so serious. However, as seawater desalination facilities increase, regulations on high concentration of concentrated water are expected.

Korean Patent No. 10-1344783

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a desalination method capable of reducing the concentration of concentrated water from which salt is removed from seawater while preventing an increase in energy cost due to high concentration of seawater during desalination And a desalination method of seawater.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a seawater desalination apparatus comprising: a waterway having a receiving space; A main shaft connected to the bottom of the channel and extending to the ground by a predetermined depth; A raw water supply pipe connected to the channel and supplying seawater or pretreatment water to the main centrifugal well; A plurality of water collecting pipes located at the lower portion of the large-diameter drawing well and supported by the supporting portions and having a plurality of openings formed at the side surfaces thereof; A plurality of filtration filters formed in a ring shape and fitted to the outside of the respective water collecting pipes; A collecting tank in fluid communication with the lower end of each of said collecting pipes for receiving fresh water passing through said filtering filter and said collecting pipe; A fresh water channel connected to the water collecting tank to transfer the fresh water in the water collecting tank to the ground; A fresh water pump for sucking the inside of the collecting tank and transferring the fresh water collected in the collecting tank through the fresh water passage; A concentrate water pump connected to the bottom of the centrifugal well for transferring the concentrated water to the ground; A concentrated water flow path connected to the concentrated water pump for transferring the concentrated water to the ground; And the seawater or the pretreated water passes through the filtration filter and is collected into the collecting tank through the collecting pipe by a pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the filtering filter.

The support portion includes an upper plate supporting the upper end of the water collecting pipe and a plurality of connecting pipes connecting the upper plate and the collecting tank.

In addition, a portion of the connecting piping extends through the catchment tank to the bottom of the centering well and its upper end is in fluid communication with the concentrated water pump.

A plurality of connection rings that are fitted to the outside of the respective water collecting pipes; Wherein adjacent filter filters are connected to each other by the connecting ring in a state where a plurality of the filter filters are fitted outside the water collecting pipe.

A stripper which is in the form of a ring and fits on the outside of each of the filter filters; A connecting plate connecting the plurality of strippers to each other; An underwater pump mounted on the connection plate for raising or lowering the connection plate as a whole by an impelling force of seawater or pre-treatment water; And removing the foreign matter adhered to the surface of the filter by raising or lowering the stripper along the filter.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a desalination method for seawater desalination, comprising: installing a large-diameter well extending to a predetermined depth from the ground; Providing a ring-shaped filtration filter at the bottom of the major draft well, providing a water collection pipe having a plurality of openings formed therein, the water collection pipe being in fluid communication with the water collection tank; Sucking the inside of the collecting tank by a fresh water pump and passing seawater or pretreated water supplied to the fresh water well through a filtration filter by a reverse osmosis system to enter the collecting pipe and the collecting tank; Conveying the fresh water in the catchment tank to the ground through the fresh water passage by the fresh water pump; .

Transferring the concentrated water located at the bottom of the large-diameter well to the ground through a concentrated water pump connected to the bottom of the large-diameter well while continuously supplying seawater or pre-treatment water to the large-diameter well; .

According to the present invention, the filtration filter is installed in the lower portion of the large-diameter well extending to a predetermined depth in the basement, so that fresh water can be separated from the pretreated water by natural pressure of the pretreated water, thereby saving energy costs.

In addition, by supplying fresh pretreatment water to a large-diameter well, the concentrated water discharged from the seawater is transferred to the ground by the concentrated water pump, thereby preventing deterioration of filtration efficiency due to increase in salinity of the concentrated water, By keeping it low, it is possible to prevent marine pollution or to reduce the treatment cost of concentrated water.

1 is a view showing a configuration of a seawater desalination apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a view showing in detail the main configuration of the seawater desalination apparatus of FIG.
3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line AA 'of FIG.
FIG. 4 is a view showing in detail the construction of the water collecting pipe and the filter in FIG.
5 is a view for explaining a schematic cross-section taken along line BB 'of FIG.
6 is a view showing a seawater desalination apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a side view showing the pretreatment unit in detail in the seawater desalination apparatus of FIG.
FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view of the preprocessing unit of FIG. 7; FIG.
FIG. 9 is a detailed view showing a part of the configuration of the preprocessing unit of FIG. 7. FIG.
10 is a schematic plan view for explaining the structure of a stripper in the pretreatment section of FIG.
11 is a schematic side view for explaining the structure of the stripper in the pretreatment section of FIG.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote like elements throughout the drawings.

The seawater desalination is to remove various impurities and salts in the seawater containing the salt to obtain fresh water. The seawater desalination apparatus and the seawater desalination method of the present invention are used to remove the salt from the seawater by the reverse osmosis membrane method .

The reverse osmosis membrane method is a method of separating the salt from the seawater by applying a pressure higher than osmotic pressure to the seawater, passing the water through the reverse osmosis membrane and refining the ions or molecules without passing through the reverse osmosis membrane.

In a seawater desalination facility using the reverse osmosis membrane method, a pretreatment step for removing impurities contained in seawater is often performed before removing the salt contained in the seawater. This is because when the salt is removed from the seawater by the reverse osmosis membrane method, the reverse osmosis is required and the seawater desalination efficiency is deteriorated due to excessive foreign matter adhered to the membrane.

1 is a view showing a configuration of a seawater desalination apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a view showing in detail the main configuration of the seawater desalination apparatus of FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A 'of FIG. FIG. 4 is a view showing in detail the construction of the water collecting pipe and the filter in FIG. 5 is a view for explaining a schematic cross-section taken along the line B-B 'in FIG.

The seawater desalination apparatus 200 according to the present invention includes a waterway 210, a large-diameter well 220, a raw water supply pipe 201, a water collecting pipe 230, a filter 240, a water collecting tank 250, A concentrated water channel 271, a concentrated water channel 271, a stripper 280, a connection plate 285, an underwater pump 290, and the like.

The frequency channel 210 has a space for accommodating water. The rainfall channel 210 is installed adjacent to the ground and can be installed to extend along the ground. Two spaced apart barrier ribs 215 and 216 are provided in the frequency channel 210 and three spaces partitioned by the barrier ribs 215 and 216 can be formed. These three spaces may be the concentrated water passage 211, the intermediate raw water passage 212, and the fresh water passage 213 on the other side.

The raw water 212 is supplied with seawater or pretreatment water for desalination by a raw water supply pipe 201. In the present invention, raw water supplied to the seawater desalination apparatus 200 is primarily pretreated water from which impurities have been removed from seawater, but it is not limited to the pretreatment water but may be seawater. Here, the pretreated water refers to a state in which colloidal substances, organic substances, inorganic substances, microorganisms and the like are primarily removed from the seawater, and salinity remains in the seawater. The seawater pretreatment apparatus removes impurities from the seawater to generate pretreatment water, and can be connected to the seawater desalination apparatus 200 of the present invention.

The fresh water channel 213 becomes a channel through which the fresh water supplied through the fresh water channel 257 flows. The concentrated water 211 flows out of the raw water, and the concentrated water is supplied through the concentrated water channel 271 and flows.

The superconducting well 220 is connected to the bottom of the raw water passage 212 of the waterway 210 and extends to a depth of a predetermined depth. The high-pressure hearth wells 220 may be positioned along the raw water passage 212 such that a plurality of the high-pressure hearth wells 220 are spaced apart at regular intervals. The superconducting well 220 extends to a depth of about 300 to 400 meters underground and can be about 10 meters in width. The super-concentric well 220 may be formed in a cylindrical shape capable of accommodating water. The super-concentric well (220) should be able to maintain watertightness with sufficient strength to support the earth pressure.

The raw water supply pipe 201 is connected to the canal 210, in particular, the raw water passage 212 to supply raw water, that is, seawater or pretreatment water (hereinafter referred to as pretreatment water) to the superhighway well 220. Therefore, the pre-treatment water supplied to the raw water passage 212 through the raw water supply pipe 201 can be filled from the bottom of the high-pressure deep well 220.

The water collecting pipe 230 is located at a lower portion of the large-diameter drawing well 220, is hollow and is supported by the supporting portion, and a plurality of openings 231 can be formed in the side surface.

Each of the water collecting pipes 230 may be disposed in a state of being spaced apart in the longitudinal direction. The upper end of the collecting pipe 230 is supported by the upper plate 260 and the lower end is in fluid communication with the collecting tank 250 so that fresh water passing through the filtering filter 240 can be collected in the collecting tank 250 . The upper plate 260 is permeable to allow the pretreated water to pass therethrough.

The supporting part may include an upper plate 260 supporting the upper ends of the plurality of water collecting pipes 230 and a plurality of connecting pipes 261 and 262 connecting the upper plate 260 and the collecting tank 250.

As shown in FIG. 3, the connection pipes 261 and 262 may be composed of a connection pipe 262 disposed in the middle and a connection pipe 261 disposed around the same.

For example, six spaced apart from each other in the high-pressure drawing well 220 so as to connect between the top plate 260 and the collecting tank 250. [ The upper portion of the connection pipe 261 may be connected to the concentrated water pump 270 and the lower portion may extend to the lower portion of the collecting tank 250 through the collecting tank 250.

Referring to FIG. 4, the filter 240 may be in the form of a ring and positioned outside each water collection pipe 230. The filtration filter 240 allows the salt contained in the pretreated water to pass through the filtration filter 240 and the fresh water only through the filtration filter 240 in a reverse osmosis system. The molecular size of the salt is 3.7 nm, and the size of the water molecule is about 0.2 nm. Thus, the lattice size of the filtration filter 240 is, for example, about 1 nm so that salinity can not pass through and only water molecules can pass through.

A pressure higher than the osmotic pressure must be applied to the outside of the filter 240 to allow water to pass through the filter 240 from the pretreatment water located outside the filter 240 by reverse osmosis. In this embodiment, the filter 240 is installed in the lower part of the large-diameter well 220 extending from 300 to 400 m underground. Therefore, natural water pressure by the pretreatment water is applied to the filtration filter 240, and water contained in the pretreatment water can pass through the filtration filter 240 by a pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the filtration filter 240.

Since the filtering filter 240 is manufactured to have a predetermined length, it may have a configuration in which a plurality of filtering filters 240 are fitted outside the single collecting pipe 230. For example, the filtration filter 240 may have a length of 5 to 10 meters, and the water collecting pipe 230 may have a length of 20 to 30 meters. At this time, adjacent filter filters 240 may be connected to each other by a connection ring 235 fitted outside the water collecting pipe 230.

4, the left drawing shows a state in which the filtering filter 240 and the connecting ring 235 are disassembled, and the right drawing shows the assembled state. In a state where the filter 240 and the connection ring 235 are assembled, the adjacent filter filters 240 may be connected to each other while maintaining the same height.

The upper end of the filtration filter 240 located at the top may be watertight or airtightly supported on the top plate 260. The upper plate 260 is provided with a cap 265 having a function of a valve 266 for opening and closing the inside of the water collecting pipe 230 so that the upper end of each water collecting pipe 230 can be sealed by the cap 265 .

In addition, the lower end of the filtration filter 240 located at the bottom can be held watertight or hermetically in the water collecting pipe 230. In a state where the filter 240 is assembled with the connection ring 235, a watertight structure should be provided between the filter 240 and the connection ring 235.

There is a slight gap between each filter 240 and the water collecting pipe 230 in the state where the filter 240 is assembled to the water collecting pipe 230 so that the amount of pretreatment water outside the filtering filter 240 And then flows into the water collecting pipe 230 through the opening 231 after passing through the filtering filter 240.

The collecting tank 250 is in fluid communication with the lower end of each collecting pipe 230 so that the fresh water passing through the filtering filter 240 and the collecting pipe 230 can be received in the collecting tank 250. An opening 251 is formed in the upper part of the collecting tank 250 and can be connected to the collecting pipe 230 through the opening 251. A drain valve 252 may be installed in the lower part of the collecting tank 250 for drainage during maintenance.

The fresh water pump 255 serves to transfer the fresh water collected in the collecting tank 250 to the fresh water channel 213 through the fresh water channel 257 while sucking the inside of the collecting tank 250. The fresh water channel 257 is connected to the collecting tank 250 to transfer the fresh water in the collecting tank 250 to the ground. For example, the fresh water pump 255 may be connected to the lower portion of the collecting tank 250, and the fresh water pump 255 may be supported by the supporting member 256.

When the inside of the collecting tank 250 is sucked by the fresh water pump 255, the collecting tank 250 and the inside of the collecting pipe 230 connected to the collecting tank 250 can be negative pressure. At this time, the pre-treatment water may be collected in the collecting tank 250 through the collecting pipe 230 through the filter 240 by the reverse osmosis method due to a pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the filtering filter 240. Accordingly, fresh water can be obtained at a desired reverse osmosis pressure even if the natural water pressure by the pretreatment water is low. Fresh water collected in the collecting tank 250 can be transferred to the fresh water channel 213 on the ground through the fresh water channel 257 when the fresh water pump 255 is operated.

The fresh water pump 255 is periodically reversed to remove foreign matter adhering to the surface of the filter 240 by the osmosis pressure rather than the reverse osmosis pressure into the seawater. When the fresh water pump 255 is rotated in the reverse direction, the fresh water is discharged to the seawater through the filtration filter 240. Therefore, the end of the fresh water channel 257 must be locked to the fresh water channel 213 or the like to prevent the inflow of air.

As the fresh water in the pretreated water enters the water collecting pipe 230 through the filtering filter 240, the pretreatment water outside the filtering filter 240 becomes concentrated water. Here, the concentrated water refers to a state in which the concentration of salinity becomes higher than that of ordinary seawater as the water escapes from the pretreated water.

As the pretreated water is concentrated, the concentration of salt is further increased, and a higher reverse osmosis pressure is applied to the filtration filter 240, so that moisture contained in the concentrated water can be introduced into the filtration filter 240.

However, in the state where the pretreatment water is concentrated, the filtration efficiency is lowered because the amount of fresh water to be obtained is limited even when the reverse osmosis pressure is further added. In addition, when concentrated water containing a considerably higher salinity than ordinary seawater is discharged to the ocean, there arises a problem of marine pollution.

In the present invention, concentrated water discharged from a predetermined amount of fresh water in the pretreatment water is transferred to the ground by the concentrated water pump 270, and other pretreatment water is supplied to the deep drawing well 220, Or more. Accordingly, the salinity of the concentrated water can be lowered while improving the filtration efficiency, thereby preventing marine pollution or reducing the processing cost of the concentrated water.

The concentrated water pump 270 is connected to the bottom of the high-pressure pilot well 220 to allow the concentrated water to be transferred to the ground. The concentrated water flow path 271 is connected to the concentrated water pump 270 so that the concentrated water can be transferred to the concentrated water path 211 on the ground.

The lower end of the connection pipe 261 extends through the collecting tank 250 to the bottom of the primary concentric well 220 and the upper end is in fluid communication with the concentrated water pump 270. Concentrated water is collected at the bottom of the super concentric well 220 and this concentrated water is sucked by the concentrated water pump 270 and can be transferred to the ground through the connection pipe 261 and the concentrated water flow path 271.

Referring to FIGS. 3 and 5, a stripper 280 is provided to remove impurities adhering to the filter 240. As the pretreated water passes through the filtration filter 240 by the reverse osmosis pressure, more and more foreign matter adheres to the filtration filter 240. Such foreign matter blocks the lattice of the filter 240 and causes the filtering efficiency to deteriorate over time. Therefore, a means for removing foreign matter adhering to the filter 240 is required.

The stripper 280 may be in the form of a short ring and be fitted outside of the filter 240. Each stripper 280 is fitted to each filter filter 240 one by one and each stripper 280 can be connected to each other by a connecting plate 285. Thus, when the connecting plate 285 is raised or lowered, each stripper 280 can be lifted or lowered along the surface of the filter 240 to remove impurities attached to the surface of the filter 240. The connection plate 285 is permeable to allow the pretreating water to pass therethrough.

An underwater pump 290 is mounted on the connection plate 285 and a propelling force is generated to raise or lower the entire connection plate 285 by spraying the pretreated water downward or upward by an underwater pump 290.

For example, dozens of strippers 280 may be connected by one connecting plate 285 and three underwater pumps 290 may be uniformly disposed in one connecting plate 285. The underwater pump 290 is rotated in the forward direction to jet the pretreated water downward to raise the entire connection plate 285. The motor of the underwater pump 290 rotates reversely to spray the pre- The whole can be lowered.

Generally, the reverse osmosis pressure is about twice the osmotic pressure, and a high pressure of about 42 to 70 bar is required to separate the salt contained in the seawater by the reverse osmosis pressure.

In the present invention, the fresh water can be extracted from the pretreated water at a natural water pressure of about 30 to 35 bar by drawing the inside of the water collecting pipe 230 by the fresh water pump 255 and increasing the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the filtering filter 240 . For this natural water pressure, the deep well 220 has a depth of about 300 to 400 m underground.

In general, the salinity of seawater is about 3.5%, but in the conventional reverse osmosis system, the salinity increases to 5 to 8% as the seawater is concentrated. However, in the present invention, the concentrated water discharged from the seawater is continuously transferred to the ground by the concentrated water pump 270, and new fresh water is supplied to maintain the salinity of the concentrated water at about 4.3%. Accordingly, seawater desalination becomes possible with a relatively low reverse osmosis pressure.

According to the seawater desalination apparatus 200 of the present invention, the deep drawing well 220 having a depth of about 300 to 400 m is installed and the filtering filter 240 is installed at the lower portion of the deep drawing well 220 , The natural water pressure of the pretreatment water can separate the fresh water from the pretreatment water, thereby reducing the energy cost.

Further, by drawing the inside of the water collecting pipe 230 by the fresh water pump 255, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the filtering filter 240 can be increased to obtain a higher reverse osmosis pressure.

In addition, the concentrated water discharged from the seawater is transferred to the ground by the concentrated water pump 270, thereby preventing the deterioration of the filtration efficiency due to the increase in the salinity of the concentrated water and keeping the salinity of the concentrated water low. Or the processing cost of the concentrated water can be reduced.

Hereinafter, the seawater desalination method according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. FIG. This seawater desalination method includes all the above contents.

First, a large-diameter well 220 extending to a predetermined depth from the ground is installed. Such high-concentric well 220 may extend 300-400 meters below ground.

Next, a ring-shaped filtering filter 240 spaced apart at regular intervals is provided in the lower part of the large-diameter drawing well 220, and a collecting pipe 230 is installed in each of the plurality of filtering filters 240. A small gap exists between the filter 240 and the water collecting pipe 230 and the water collecting pipe 230 is provided with a filter 240 so that the fresh water having passed through the filter 240 can enter the water collecting pipe 230. [ The opening 231 is formed. The water collecting pipe (230) is in fluid communication with the collecting tank (250). At this time, the filtration filter 240 receives the natural water pressure of about 30 to 40 atmospheric pressure by the pretreatment water supplied to the super-concentric well 220. The pretreatment water can only enter the water collecting pipe 230 through the filter 240 and can not enter the water collecting pipe 230 through another path.

Next, when the inside of the collecting tank 250 is sucked by the fresh water pump 255, the inside of the collecting pipe 230 connected to the collecting tank 250 becomes negative pressure. The pretreated water can be passed through the filter 240 by the reverse osmosis method due to the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the filter 240. The pretreated water is passed through the filter 240 through the water collecting pipe 230 And enters the collecting tank 250.

Next, the fresh water pump 255 continuously transfers the fresh water, which has entered the collecting tank 250, to the fresh water channel 213 on the ground through the fresh water channel 257.

At this time, when the water in the pretreated water passes through the filter 240, the pretreated water becomes concentrated water having a higher salinity. In order to prevent the salinity of the concentrated water from rising above a predetermined value, the concentrated water is supplied by the concentrated water pump 270 connected to the bottom of the high-pressure deep well 220 while supplying fresh pretreatment water to the high- And can be pumped and transferred to the ground through the concentrated water flow channel 271. This makes it possible to lower the salinity of the concentrated water while improving the filtration efficiency.

During the passage of the pretreatment water through the filtration filter 240, a large amount of impurities adhere to the filtration filter 130 and the filtration efficiency may gradually decrease. Therefore, a means for cleaning the filtration filter 240 is required. To this end, the stripper 280 fitted outside the filtering filter 240 is lifted or lowered by the submerged pump 290 periodically or continuously to remove impurities attached to the filtering filter 240.

In addition, the fresh water pump 255 can be periodically reversed to remove foreign matter adhering to the surface of the filter 240 by the normal osmotic pressure rather than the reverse osmosis pressure.

6 is a view showing a seawater desalination apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. 7 is a side view showing the pretreatment unit in detail in the seawater desalination apparatus of FIG. FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view of the preprocessing unit of FIG. 7; FIG. FIG. 9 is a detailed view showing a part of the configuration of the preprocessing unit of FIG. 7. FIG. 10 is a schematic plan view for explaining the structure of a stripper in the pretreatment section of FIG. 11 is a schematic side view for explaining the structure of the stripper in the pretreatment section of FIG.

The seawater desalination apparatus of the present invention includes a pretreatment unit (100), a desalination unit (200), and a connection channel (300).

The pretreatment section 100 may be located at a predetermined depth of the seabed, for example, at the seabed 50 to 100 m. The pretreatment unit 100 removes impurities from seawater by reverse osmosis by natural pressure of seawater to obtain pretreated water. Here, the pretreated water refers to a state in which colloidal substances, organic substances, inorganic substances, microorganisms and the like are primarily removed from the seawater, and salinity remains in the seawater. The preprocessing unit 100 may be connected to the buoy 101 so as to display the position on the sea.

It is preferable that the preprocessing unit 100 is installed in an open sea area in which the movement of the ocean current due to the tide of the tide does not reciprocate in the same section. The pretreatment unit 100 is preferably provided on a flat surface of the sea bed.

The desalination unit 200 is located on the ground and desalinates the seawater using the pretreatment water generated by the pretreatment unit 100. The desalination unit 200 has the same configuration as the seawater desalination apparatus 200 described above.

The connection channel 300 is connected to the pretreatment unit 100 and the desalination unit 200 so that the pretreatment water generated by the pretreatment unit 100 can be transferred to the desalination unit 200.

The pretreatment unit 100 includes a concrete 102, a support 110, a water collecting tank 115, a water collecting pipe 230, a filter 130, a water feed pump 140, a stripper 160, An underwater pump 180, and the like.

The preprocessing unit 100 may be formed of one module, and the hooking unit 105 may be formed on the upper end of the preprocessing unit 100. By hooking the hook to the hook portion 105 and pulling it, the pretreatment portion 100 can be pulled up to the sea. When the pretreatment unit 100 is installed on the seabed, the concrete 102 may be installed first, and the remaining structure including the collecting tank 115 may be installed on the concrete 102. Accordingly, when the pretreatment unit 100 is to be maintained, the remaining structure including the water collecting tank 115 can be separated from the concrete 102 and pulled up to the sea for maintenance. At this time, the connection passage 300 must also be separated.

The concrete 102 (or the weight) is disposed under the pretreatment unit 100 to prevent the pretreatment unit 100 from flowing by the current. The concrete 102 may be connected to the collecting tank 115 and fixed to the bottom of the seabed. Concrete 102 may be replaced with another weight.

Referring to FIGS. 7 and 9, the water collecting pipe 120 may have a hollow cylindrical shape and may be supported by the supporting portion 110 and may have a plurality of openings 121 formed in the side surface thereof. Each of the water collecting pipes 120 can be disposed apart in a standing state in the longitudinal direction. The collecting pipe 230 is in fluid communication with the collecting tank 115 so that the pretreatment water having passed through the filtering filter 130 can be collected in the collecting tank 115.

The supporting part 110 includes an upper supporting part 111 for supporting the upper ends of the plurality of water collecting pipes 120, a lower supporting part 112 for supporting the lower ends of the plurality of water collecting pipes 120, And an intermediate support portion 113 connecting the lower support portion 112.

The upper support part 111 is provided with a cap 135 having a function of a valve 136 for opening and closing the inside of the water collecting pipe 120. The cap 135 can seal the upper end of each water collecting pipe 120 have. The lower support 112 is in the form of a flow path and can be in fluid communication with a plurality of the collecting pipes 230 and the collecting tank 115.

The filtration filter 130 may be in the form of a ring and positioned outside each water collection pipe 120. The filtration filter 130 can remove impurities from the seawater by preventing the impurities contained in the seawater from passing through the filtration filter 130 when the seawater passes through the filtration filter 130 in a reverse osmosis system. In the filtration filter 130, the lattice has a size such that impurities contained in the seawater can not pass through the lattice, and salinity can pass through. Such impurities may be colloidal substances contained in seawater, organic substances, inorganic substances, microorganisms, and the like. The lattice size of the filtration filter 130 can be selected by a person skilled in the art depending on the degree of filtration desired, the state of seawater, and the like.

In this embodiment, a plurality of filter filters 130 may be fitted outside one water collecting pipe 120. For example, the filtration filter 130 may have a length of 2 m and the collecting pipe 230 may have a length of 10 m. At this time, adjacent filter filters 130 may be connected to each other by a connection ring 125 fitted outside the water collecting pipe 230.

9, the left drawing shows a state in which the filter 130 and the connecting ring 125 are disassembled, and the right drawing shows the assembled state. In a state in which the filtration filter 130 and the connection ring 125 are assembled, the adjacent filtration filters 130 may be connected to each other while maintaining the same height. In addition, the upper end of the filtration filter 130 positioned at the uppermost position may be watertightly or hermetically supported to the upper support portion 111. In addition, the lower end of the filtration filter 130 positioned at the bottom can be held in the watertight or hermetic manner to the lower support 112 or the water collecting pipe 120. In a state in which the filtration filter 130 is assembled with the connection ring 125, a watertight structure should be provided between the filtration filter 130 and the connection ring 125.

There is a slight gap between each filter 130 and the collecting pipe 120 in a state where the filter 130 is assembled to the collecting pipe 120 so that the seawater outside the filtering filter 130 is returned to the reverse osmosis And then flows into the water collecting pipe 230 through the opening 121 after passing through the filtering filter 130. The seawater having passed through the filtration filter 130 is subjected to pretreatment in a state where impurities are removed and salinity remains.

The water collecting tank 115 is in fluid communication with each water collecting pipe 120 so that the pretreatment water that has passed through the filtering filter 130 and the water collecting pipe 120 can be received in the collecting tank 115.

The water pump 140 sucks the water in the water collecting tank 115 and transfers the pretreated water collected in the water collecting tank 115 to the desalination unit 200 through the connection channel 300. For example, a pretreatment module of the same size may be disposed on the left and right with the water pump 140 at the center.

When the inside of the collecting tank 115 is sucked by the water sending pump 140, the inside of the collecting tank 115 and the inside of the collecting pipe 120 may be negative. At this time, the seawater may be collected in the collecting tank 115 through the collecting pipe 230 through the filtering filter 130 by the reverse osmosis method due to the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the filtering filter 130.

The water feed pump 140 is periodically reversed to remove foreign matter adhering to the surface of the filter 130 by the normal osmotic pressure rather than the reverse osmosis pressure into the seawater. When the water pump 140 rotates in the reverse direction, the pretreatment water is discharged to the seawater through the filtration filter 130. Therefore, the end of the connection channel 300 should be immersed in water to prevent the inflow of air.

Referring to FIGS. 8, 10 and 11, a stripper 160 is provided in the present invention to remove impurities adhering to the filter 130. As the seawater passes through the filtration filter 130 by reverse osmosis, more and more impurities adhere to the filtration filter 130. These impurities block the lattice of the filter 130 and make the seawater difficult to pass. Therefore, a means for removing the impurities attached to the filter 130 is required.

The stripper 160 may be in the form of a short ring and may be fitted outside the filter 130. Each of the filter filters 130 is fitted with one stripper 160, and each of the strippers 160 can be connected to each other by a connecting plate 170. Therefore, when the connecting plate 170 is raised or lowered, each of the strippers 160 can be lifted or lowered along the surface of the filter 130 to remove impurities attached to the surface of the filter 130.

An underwater pump 180 is mounted on the connection plate 170 and an impelling force is generated so that the entire connection plate 170 can be raised or lowered by spraying seawater downward or upward by an underwater pump 180.

For example, several tens of strippers 160 may be connected to one connecting plate 170, and one connecting plate 170 may be disposed at the middle and four corners of the underwater pump 180. The submerged pump 180 is rotated forward to spray the seawater downward to raise the entire connection plate 170. The motor of the submersible pump 180 rotates reversely to spray the seawater upward, Can be lowered.

Hereinafter, a seawater pretreatment method for seawater desalination according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 11. FIG.

First, a plurality of ring-shaped filter filters 130 spaced apart from each other by a predetermined depth, for example, 50 to 100 m, are installed in the seabed. A water collecting pipe 120 is installed in each of the filter filters 130 Install it. A slight gap exists between the filter 130 and the water collecting pipe 120 and the filter 130 is installed in the water collecting pipe 120 so that the pretreatment water having passed through the filtering filter 130 can enter into the water collecting pipe 230. [ The opening 121 is formed. The catchment pipe (120) is in fluid communication with the catchment tank (115). At this time, the filtration filter 130 receives natural water pressure of about 6 to 11 atmospheres by the seawater. The seawater can enter the catchment pipe 120 only through the filter 130 and can not enter the catchment pipe 120 through another path.

When the inside of the water collecting tank 115 is sucked by the water sending pump 140, the inside of the water collecting pipe 120 connected to the water collecting tank 115 becomes negative pressure. The seawater is allowed to pass through the filter 130 by the reverse osmosis method due to the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the filtering filter 130. The seawater is passed through the filtering filter 130 through the collecting pipe 120, (115). Impurities contained in seawater, such as colloidal material, organic material, inorganic material, microorganism, etc., can be primarily removed while the seawater is passing through the filtration filter 130. The pretreated water having passed through the filtration filter 130 and having impurities removed from the seawater can be collected in the collecting tank 115. The depth at which the filtration filter 130 is installed at the seabed can be appropriately set according to the sound pressure of the water pump 140 and the kind of impurities to be removed.

Next, the water supply pump 140 continuously transfers the pretreated water that has entered the water collecting tank 115 to the desalination part 200 on the ground through the connection flow path 300. Accordingly, in the desalination unit 200 on the ground, the seawater desalination process for removing the salt from the secondary seawater can be performed.

As sea water passes through the filtration filter 130, a large amount of impurities adhere to the filtration filter 130, so that the filtration efficiency may gradually decrease. Therefore, a means for cleaning the filtration filter 130 is needed. To this end, the stripper 160, which is fitted outside the filter 130, is lifted or lowered periodically or continuously by the underwater pump 180 to remove impurities adhering to the filter 130.

In addition, the water supply pump 140 is periodically reversed to remove foreign matter adhering to the surface of the filter 130 by the normal osmotic pressure rather than the reverse osmosis pressure into the seawater. When the water feed pump 140 is rotated in the reverse direction, the pretreated water is discharged to the seawater through the filtration filter 130. Therefore, the end of the connection channel 300 must be immersed in water to prevent the inflow of air.

According to the above-described seawater pretreatment apparatus and seawater pretreatment method, since the pretreatment unit 100 is placed on the seabed and subjected to natural water pressure in a pretreatment process for seawater desalination, seawater passes through the filtration filter 130, By providing only a small sound pressure by the pump 140, the seawater can be passed through the filter 130 and the pretreatment water can be collected in the collecting tank 115. Therefore, it is possible to consume less energy for the pretreatment process of removing impurities except seawater in seawater. In addition, impurities having a minute size can be removed at the same time while the seawater passes through the filter 130 by the reverse osmosis pressure, so that the structure of the seawater pretreatment device can be simplified.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention will be.

100: preprocessing unit 101: buoy
102: Concrete 105:
110: Support part 111: Upper support part
112: lower support part 113: intermediate support part
115: Collecting tank 120: Collecting pipe
121: opening 125: connecting ring
130: Filtration filter 140: Transfer pump
160: stripper 170: connection plate
180: Submersible pump 200: Seawater desalination device
210: Fresh water line 211: Concentrated water
212: raw water 213: fresh water
220: Grand canal well 230: Collecting pipe
235: connecting ring 240: filtering filter
250: Collecting tank 255: Fresh water pump
257: fresh water channel 260: top plate
261: Connection piping 270: Concentrated water pump
271: Enriched water channel 280: Stripper
290: Submerged pump 300: Connection channel

Claims (7)

In a seawater desalination apparatus,
A frequency channel having a receiving space;
A cylindrical high-pitched well connected to the bottom of the channel and extending to a depth of a predetermined depth and having rigidity to support the earth pressure;
A raw water supply pipe connected to the channel and supplying seawater or pretreatment water to the main centrifugal well;
A plurality of water collecting pipes located in the lower portion of the large-diameter drawing well and having a plurality of openings formed in a side surface thereof;
An upper plate supporting an upper end of the water collecting pipe;
A plurality of filtration filters formed in a ring shape and fitted to the outside of the respective water collecting pipes;
A collecting tank in fluid communication with the lower end of each of said collecting pipes for receiving fresh water passing through said filtering filter and said collecting pipe;
A fresh water channel connected to the water collecting tank to transfer the fresh water in the water collecting tank to the ground;
A fresh water pump for sucking the inside of the collecting tank and transferring the fresh water collected in the collecting tank through the fresh water passage;
A concentrate water pump connected to the bottom of the centrifugal well for transferring the concentrated water to the ground;
A concentrated water flow path connected to the concentrated water pump for transferring the concentrated water to the ground;
A stripper which is in the form of a ring and is fitted to the outside of each of the filter filters;
A connecting plate connecting the plurality of strippers to each other;
An underwater pump mounted on the connection plate for raising or lowering the connection plate as a whole by an impelling force of seawater or pre-treatment water;
Lt; / RTI >
The seawater or the pretreated water passes through the filtration filter and can be collected into the collecting tank through the collecting pipe by a reverse osmosis method due to a pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the filtering filter,
The concentrated water, which is discharged from the seawater or the pretreated water, is collected at the bottom of the high-pressure well and can be transferred to the ground by the concentrated water pump,
Wherein the stripper is raised or lowered along the filter to remove foreign matter adhering to the surface of the filter. The method according to claim 1,
A plurality of connection pipes connecting the upper plate and the collecting tank;
Wherein the desalination unit further comprises: 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein a portion of the connecting piping extends through the catchment tank to the bottom of the deep well and the upper end thereof is in fluid communication with the concentrated water pump. The method according to claim 1,
A plurality of connection rings which are fitted outside the respective water collecting pipes;
Further comprising:
Wherein adjacent filtration filters are connected to each other by the connection ring in a state where a plurality of the filtration filters are fitted to the outside of the water collection pipe. delete delete delete

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