KR101663343B1 - 환원 가스와 함께 주철 또는 세미 스틸을 생산하기 위한 방법 - Google Patents
환원 가스와 함께 주철 또는 세미 스틸을 생산하기 위한 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 21
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 159
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 heavy residues Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 31
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010420 art technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011818 carbonaceous material particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012824 chemical production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011143 downstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0033—In fluidised bed furnaces or apparatus containing a dispersion of the material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/004—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in a continuous way by reduction from ores
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0073—Selection or treatment of the reducing gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0086—Conditioning, transformation of reduced iron ores
- C21B13/0093—Protecting against oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/02—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces
- C21B13/023—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces wherein iron or steel is obtained in a molten state
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/20—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/20—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases
- C21B2100/24—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases by shift reactions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/40—Gas purification of exhaust gases to be recirculated or used in other metallurgical processes
- C21B2100/42—Sulphur removal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/122—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by capturing or storing CO2
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/134—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by avoiding CO2, e.g. using hydrogen
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
이제 본 발명은 첨부 도면을 참조하여 기재될 것이고, 첨부 도면에서;
도 1은 본 발명에 따른 주철 또는 세미 스틸 및 환원 가스의 생산을 위한 설비의 바람직한 구체예의 개략도를 도해한다.
Claims (21)
- 다음 단계를 포함하는, 조업 상부 영역, 하부 영역, 및 중간 영역을 가지고, 5 내지 50 kg/㎠g의 압력에서 조업되는 고압 내화물이 덧대어진 샤프트로를 이용하여 주철 또는 세미 스틸 및 수소-풍부 재사용가능 환원 가스를 제공하는 방법:
(i) 조업 상부 영역에 제공된 유입구로부터 슬래그 생성 물질과 함께 철광석을 공급하는 단계;
(ii) 5 내지 50 bar의 압력에서 조업되는 내화물이 덧대어진 별개의 가스화기에서, 예열된 산소를 이용하여 탄소질 물질을 가스화하여, 최소한 1400℃의 온도로 환원 가스를 제공하는 단계;
(iii) 조업 하부 영역에 제공된 송풍구를 통하여 고압 샤프트로에 환원 가스를 부분적으로 공급하는 단계;
(iv) 고압 샤프트로에서 환원 가스를 이용하여 철광석 및 슬래그 물질을 제련하여, 용융된 철 및 용융된 슬래그를 제공하는 단계;
(v) 조업 동안 온도를 고압 샤프트로의 조업 하부 영역에서의 용융 및 철광석 환원에 필요한 1400 내지 1700℃로 제어하고 유지시키는 단계;
(vi) 조업 하부 영역에서 용융된 철 및 용융된 슬래그를 수집하는 단계;
(vii) 조업 하부 영역으로부터 용융된 철 및 용융된 슬래그를 배출시키는 단계;
(viii) 조업 상부 영역으로부터 가스 세정 유닛 내로 소비 환원 가스를 배출시키는 단계;
(ix) 분진 및 황을 추출하여 정제된 소비 환원 가스를 제공하는 단계; 및
(x) 상기 정제된 소비 환원 가스를 수증기의 존재 하에서 구리, 백금, 아연, 알루미늄, 철, 및 크롬으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 전환 촉매에 통과시켜 수소-풍부 재사용 가능 환원 가스를 제공하는 단계,
여기서 세미 스틸을 생산하기 위해, 고압 샤프트로의 조업 하부 영역에서 송풍구를 통하여 과잉의 산소를 공급함. - 제1항에 있어서, 환원 가스 온도를 제어하기 위하여 예열된 산소 이외에도 내화물이 덧대어진 가스화기에 수증기와 이산화탄소 중 적어도 하나를 주입하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는, 주철 또는 세미 스틸을 제공하는 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 고압 샤프트로에서 필요한 온도 프로파일을 유지하기 위해, 고압 샤프트로의 조업 하부 영역 및 조업 중간 영역에 제공된 송풍구를 통하여, 수증기와 이산화탄소 중 적어도 하나를 주입하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는, 주철 또는 세미 스틸을 제공하는 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 조업 하부 영역 및 조업 중간 영역에 제공된 송풍구를 통하여 환원 가스를 공급하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는, 주철 또는 세미 스틸을 제공하는 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 조업 하부 영역 및 조업 중간 영역에 제공된 송풍구를 통하여 환원 가스와 함께 추가적인 산소를 공급하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는, 주철 또는 세미 스틸을 제공하는 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 고압 샤프트로의 조업 중간 영역 및 조업 하부 영역에서 철광석 및 슬래그 물질을 용융시키는 단계를 추가로 포함하는, 주철 또는 세미 스틸을 제공하는 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 철광석은 알갱이 또는 덩어리 형태인, 주철 또는 세미 스틸을 제공하는 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 최대 40%의 회분 함량을 가지는 석탄, 타르, 중질 잔사유, 및 바이오매스로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 최소한 하나의 탄소질 물질을 가스화하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는, 주철 또는 세미 스틸을 제공하는 방법.
- 삭제
- 제1항에 있어서, 단계 (ii)에서 사용되는 산소를 예열하기 위해, 수소-풍부 재사용가능 환원 가스가 사용되는, 주철 또는 세미 스틸을 제공하는 방법.
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 제1항에 있어서, 용융된 철 대 소비 환원 가스의 비율은 질량으로 0.1 내지 2에서 변하는, 주철 또는 세미 스틸을 제공하는 방법.
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 제1항에 있어서, 고압 샤프트로의 조업 하부 영역 및 조업 중간 영역에 제공된 송풍구를 통하여 분말화 저 회분 석탄을 공급하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는, 주철 또는 세미 스틸을 제공하는 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 고압 샤프트로의 조업 하부 영역으로부터 철광석 슬래그와 함께 석탄 회분 슬래그를 분리하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는, 주철 또는 세미 스틸을 제공하는 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 용융된 철 및 용융된 슬래그를 가압된 용기로 배출하고 추후 용융된 철 및 슬래그를 트로프로 배출하기 위하여 용기를 감압하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는, 주철 또는 세미 스틸을 제공하는 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 용융된 철 및 슬래그를 가압된 용기로 별도로 배출하고 추후 용융된 철 및 슬래그를 트로프로 배출하기 위하여 용기를 감압하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는, 주철 또는 세미 스틸을 제공하는 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 암모니아, 메탄올, 및 요소를 합성하기 위하여, 다목적 연료로서, 하류에서 수소-풍부 재사용 가능 환원 가스를 이용하는, 주철 또는 세미 스틸을 제공하는 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 슬래그 생성 물질은 석회석인, 주철 또는 세미 스틸을 제공하는 방법.
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PCT/IN2010/000380 WO2010143203A2 (en) | 2009-06-10 | 2010-06-08 | Apparatus for and method of production of iron, semi steel and reducing gases |
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CN102459654A (zh) | 2012-05-16 |
CN102459654B (zh) | 2014-12-31 |
US20120111149A1 (en) | 2012-05-10 |
WO2010143203A2 (en) | 2010-12-16 |
RU2533991C2 (ru) | 2014-11-27 |
BRPI1009035A2 (pt) | 2016-03-08 |
WO2010143203A3 (en) | 2011-02-10 |
KR20120031060A (ko) | 2012-03-29 |
AU2010258245B2 (en) | 2015-01-29 |
EP2440677A2 (en) | 2012-04-18 |
AU2010258245A1 (en) | 2012-02-02 |
UA106761C2 (uk) | 2014-10-10 |
BRPI1009035B1 (pt) | 2018-06-26 |
RU2012100025A (ru) | 2013-07-20 |
JP2012529569A (ja) | 2012-11-22 |
EP2440677B1 (en) | 2018-08-08 |
US8753422B2 (en) | 2014-06-17 |
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JP5807786B2 (ja) | 2015-11-10 |
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