KR101550286B1 - Arrangement method of sampling port apparatus for ballast water - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for installing a sampling port apparatus for a ship equilibrium, and more particularly, to a method for installing a sampling port apparatus for a ship equilibrium, And a method of installing a sampling port device for efficiently grasping the number of individuals.
The method of installing a sampling port apparatus for a ship equilibrium according to the present invention is characterized in that a sampling port apparatus installed in the equilibrium water pipeline for monitoring the population of plants, plants, harmful aquatic organisms, (N is a natural number of 2 or more) sampling ports each having at least one port connected to the sampling pipe, each of which has a hollow having a predetermined length and through which a ballast water pipe is inserted; The device is arranged to be radially symmetrical with respect to the central axis of the ballast water pipe, wherein the n sampling port devices are arranged so that the cross section of the ballast water pipe is evenly divided by 2? / N.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a sampling port apparatus for a ballast water receiving apparatus,

The present invention relates to a method for installing a sampling port apparatus for a ship equilibrium, and more particularly, to a method for installing a sampling port apparatus for a ship equilibrium, And a method of installing a sampling port device for efficiently grasping the number of individuals.

Ballast water refers to water containing various organic matter and suspended matter, including organisms placed on board the ship to control the longitudinal, tilt, draft, stability or hull stress of the ship.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, a ballast is a ballast capable of preventing a ship from being out of balance when a cargo is unloaded from the ship or when the car is operated in a state where the amount of cargo loaded on the ship is very small. Means freshwater or seawater for buoyancy adjustment to be filled in a ballast tank installed in the ballast tank.

Ballast water as mentioned above is inhabited by various microorganisms such as pathogenic bacteria and plankton contained in fresh water or seawater filled with equilibrium water. Therefore, when it is discharged into a water area of another area without any treatment, Which could lead to serious marine pollution and destruction of ecosystems.

In 1996, in the United States, the law on national invasive species was enacted, requiring the management and control of equilibrium water by mandating exotic species as an intruder. In Australia, the quarantine law was revised, As well as quarantine directly.

Meanwhile, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has adopted the International Convention on Ballast Water and Sediment Management to prevent the movement of aquatic organisms by imposing a ballast water management system (BWMS).

Ballast water management refers to any one of mechanical, physical, chemical, or biological methods to remove, harm, or prevent the ingestion or release of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens contained in ballast water and sediment. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) concluded an international agreement in February 2004, and from 2009 onwards, it will install the necessary equipments for sterilization and purification treatment of ballast water in ships. In case of violation, the ship is prohibited from entering the port.

Accordingly, various technologies for treating ship ballast water have been developed recently. For example, sterilization and purification treatment of ballast water using ozone (Ozone: 03) can be exemplified. In addition, various kinds of ballast water Purifiers have been developed or under development.

As described above, the equilibrium water purification apparatus mounted on the ship receives the certificate through the land test and the shipboard test in accordance with the standard of IMO, and then the certificate is provided on the vessel and operated. Therefore, A sampler is used to collect the extracted water for the sample in which the microorganisms are concentrated from the ballast water so that the ballast water treated by the ballast water measurement apparatus meets the emission standard stipulated by the International Maritime Organization.

An example of such a ballast water sampling apparatus is disclosed in Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2010-0103487 (published on Sep. 27, 2010) entitled " Sampling System of Ship Ballast Water " .

However, as shown in FIG. 2, the conventional sampling port device has a simple curved shape and is installed so that sampling can be performed only at the center of the pipe.

Such a simple sampling installation structure has a problem that it is difficult to trust the representative and coherence of the collected objects when the objects flow to the wall only or are concentrated in the center due to the complicated flow generated in the piping.

Korean Patent Application No. 10-2010-0103487 entitled " Sampling System of Ship Ballast Water "(September 27, 2010) Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1139164 entitled " Ballast water supply device and ballast water supply line "(April 16, 2012) Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1201936 entitled "Sampling device for marine ballast water" (November 09, 2012) Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1287626 entitled " Sampling inspection apparatus for marine ballast water "(July 12, 2013) Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0883444 entitled " Ballast Water Treatment Apparatus and Method "(February 05, 2009)

Ballast Water Treatment System (Kim Hye - Rim), Fluid Control. (September 2010) P82-93, AIE News A Study on the Modeling of the Ballast Tank Loading and Unloading Capacity of the Platform (Byun, Hong - Suk), Research Papers. 34, No. 1 ~ 35, No. 2, No. 47 ~ 49 P.1-8, Ulsan College of Science (Feb. 28, 2008) Analysis of industrial technology trends (ship water ballast water treatment technology), Korea Industrial Technology Evaluation Institute (2007) Marine fisheries. The Korean Peninsula and the Sea of Korea 236 (2004. 5) P.65-86, Korean Society for Marine Environmental Engineering

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a structure capable of collecting not only the center of the ballast water pipe but also the periphery of the ballast water pipe, The present invention provides a method for installing a sampling port apparatus for a ship equilibrium.

In order to achieve the above object, a method for installing a sampling port apparatus for a ship equilibrium according to the present invention is installed in order to ascertain the population of plants, plants, harmful aquatic organisms or pathogens present in ballast water flowing into a ballast water pipe A method for installing a sampling port apparatus in a ballast water pipe, comprising the steps of: sampling piping having a predetermined length formed with a hollow and penetrating a ballast water pipe; and n (n Is a natural number of 2 or more) sampling ports are arranged to be radially symmetrical with respect to the center axis of the ballast water pipe, and the n sampling port devices are arranged so that the cross section of the ballast water pipe is evenly divided by 2? / N.

The method of installing a sampling port apparatus for a ship equilibrium according to the present invention is characterized in that a sampling port apparatus installed in the equilibrium water pipeline for monitoring the population of plants, plants, harmful aquatic organisms, Wherein the sampling port device has a hollow having a predetermined length and has at least one port connected to the sampling pipe and a sampling pipe through which the ballast water pipe is inserted, It is a trumpet-shaped pipe whose diameter gradually increases forward from one side of the sampling pipe.

The method of installing a sampling port apparatus for a ship equilibrium according to the present invention is characterized in that a sampling port apparatus installed in the equilibrium water pipeline for monitoring the population of plants, plants, harmful aquatic organisms, Wherein the sampling port device has a hollow having a predetermined length and has at least one port connected to the sampling pipe and a sampling pipe through which the ballast water pipe is inserted, A hollow main body having a hollow main body and a tubular main body part connected to one side of the outer tube; a conical porous inflow part formed forwardly from a longitudinal end of the main body part and having a plurality of through holes through which ballast water flows, A guide portion for guiding the ballast water to the other end portion of the main body portion Ratio, and the number of equilibrium flows through the porous portion of the inlet port is to go to the sample tubing through parts of the cylindrical main body.

The method for installing a ballast water sampling port apparatus according to the present invention has an advantage that it can collect not only the center of the ballast water pipe but also the peripheral portion of the wall of the ballast water pipe.

In addition, there is an advantage in that the representative number and the linearity of the population are superior to the conventional sampling port apparatus installation method.

1 is a view for explaining the inflow and outflow paths of marine ballast water.
2 is a schematic view of a port apparatus for a ship equilibrium acceptance sample according to the prior art.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a method for installing a ballast accommodating sampling port device according to the first, second, and third embodiments of the present invention.
4 is a perspective view of a method for installing a bal- ance accommodating sampling port device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a method for installing a balancing accommodating sampling port apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a method of installing the equipotential sampling port apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a horn type sampling port apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is installed by a method for installing a marine equipments sampling port apparatus. FIG.
8 is a cross-sectional view of the horn type sampling port device of FIG.
9 is a cross-sectional view of a horn type sampling port device according to another embodiment of FIG.
10 is a partial front view of the part viewed from direction A in Fig.
11 is a cross-sectional view of a radial porous sampling port apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is installed by a method of installing the equipolar sampling port apparatus according to the present invention.
Figure 12 is a front view of the radial porous sampling port apparatus of Figure 11;
13 is a cross-sectional view of a radial porous sampling port apparatus according to another embodiment of FIG.
Figure 14 is a CFD Analysis flow chart in an experiment involving the present invention.
Figure 15 is a flow area schematic in an experiment involving the present invention.
16 is a schematic diagram of the lattice configuration in the experiment related to the present invention.
17 is a fluid flow schematic in an experiment involving the present invention.
Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of an analysis area in an experiment involving the present invention.
FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of sampling port diameters 6A, 10A, 15A in an experiment involving the present invention. FIG.
Figure 20 is a graph of the number of populations collected when the sampling port diameter is 6A in an experiment involving the present invention.
Figure 21 is a graph of the number of populations collected when the sampling port diameter is 10 A in the experiments of the present invention.
Figure 22 is a graph of the population collected when the sampling port diameter is 15A in an experiment involving the present invention.
23 is a graph showing the flow characteristics when the sampling port diameter is 6 A in the experiment related to the present invention.
24 is a graph showing flow characteristics when the sampling port diameter is 10 A in the experiment related to the present invention.
25 is a graph showing the flow characteristics when the sampling port diameter is 15 A in the experiment related to the present invention.
FIG. 26 is a graph of the number of individuals collected by installing a sampling port device in an experiment according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
FIG. 27 is a graph of the number of individuals collected by installing a sampling port device in an experiment according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
FIG. 28 is a graph of the number of individuals collected by installing a sampling port device in an experiment according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
29 is a view showing flow characteristics by installing a sampling port device in an experiment according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
30 is a view showing flow characteristics by installing a sampling port device in an experiment according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
31 is a view showing flow characteristics by installing a sampling port device in an experiment according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 32 is a graph showing a comparison of sampling port device installation and sampling number in an experiment according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, the technical structure of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to several embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

First, in adding reference numerals to the constituent elements of the drawings, it is to be noted that the same constituent elements are denoted by the same reference numerals even if they are shown in different drawings. In the following description, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are not to be construed as limiting the invention in its practicality. I would like to mention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a method for installing the equipolar sampling port apparatus according to the first, second, and third embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a method for installing the equipolar sampling port apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a method of installing a balancing type sampling port apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a method of installing a balancing accommodating sampling port apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention, It is a perspective view.

As shown in FIG. 3, a method of installing a balancing accommodation sampling port device according to various embodiments of the present invention is as follows.

According to the method for installing a sampling port apparatus for a ship equilibrium according to the present invention, a sampling port apparatus installed in order to ascertain the number of animals, plants, harmful aquatic organisms, or pathogens present in the ballast water flowing into the ballast water pipe 200 (100) is installed in the ballast water pipe (200), characterized in that it comprises a sampling pipe (110) having a predetermined length formed with a hollow and penetrating the ballast water pipe and at least one (Where n is a natural number of 2 or more) sampling ports 100 in which the ports 120 are integrally formed are arranged to be radially symmetrical with respect to the center axis of the ballast water pipe 200, The sampling port device 100 may be arranged to evenly divide the cross section of the ballast water pipe by 2? / N.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for installing a balanced port sampling sampling port apparatus according to the first, second, and third embodiments of the present invention when n is 3, and when n is 2 or 4 and 5 It is apparent that the present invention can be implemented by various other methods.

Since the method of installing the equipotential sampling port device having the structure capable of collecting not only the center of the equilibrium water pipe but also the periphery of the equilibrium water pipe wall is provided, it is installed in the marine equilibrium water management device (BWMS) It is possible to efficiently grasp the populations of existing plants, plants, harmful aquatic organisms, or pathogens, and thus, sampling representative and consistency can be secured more efficiently than in the prior art.

For example, when the number of the ports 120 of the sampling port device 100 is different, it can be exemplarily shown in FIGS. 4 to 6.

4, the sampling pipe 110 is composed of first, second and third sampling pipes 110a, 110b and 110c, and the port 120 is connected to the first, second, third and fourth ports 120a-1, 120a-2, 120b, and 120c.

5, the sampling pipe 110 is composed of first, second, and third sampling pipes 110a, 110b, and 110c, and the port 120 is connected to the first, second, third, 5, and sixth ports 120a-1, 120a-2, 120b-1, 120b-2, 120c-1, and 120c-2.

Referring to FIG. 6, the sampling pipe 110 includes first, second, and third sampling pipes 110a, 110b, and 110c, and the port 120 includes first, second, third, 5 ports 120a-1, 120a-2, 120a-3, 120b, and 120c.

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a horn type sampling port apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is installed by a method for installing a marine equilibrium sampling port apparatus, FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the horn type sampling port apparatus of FIG. 7, 9 is a cross-sectional view of the horn type sampling port device according to another embodiment of FIG. 7, and FIG. 10 is a partial front view of the sampling port device of FIG.

7 and 8, a horn type sampling port apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of a method for installing a ballast receiving sampling port apparatus according to the present invention has a hollow having a predetermined length and is connected to a ballast water pipe 200 And at least one or more ports 120 connected to the sampling pipe 110 are integrally formed and at least one or more of the ports 120 are connected to the sampling pipe 110 It may be a trumpet shape having a gradually increasing diameter.

9 and 10, a horn type sampling port apparatus 100 according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a horn type sampling port apparatus 100 having a conical shape (not shown) disposed at a predetermined distance from a terminating end of the port 120 The first and second connecting members 130a, 130b and 130c are integrally formed at the ends of the port 120 and are connected to the guide member 130, Can be fixed.

In addition, the maximum diameter of the guide member 130 may be smaller than the maximum diameter of the port 120.

The horn type sampling port device 100 will be described in more detail as follows.

Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, the sampling port device 100 of the method for installing a balanced-ballasted sampling port device according to the present invention may include a sampling pipe 110 and a port 120.

More specifically, the horn type sampling port apparatus 100 is a sampling port apparatus installed in order to ascertain the population of plants, harmful aquatic organisms, or pathogens present in the ballast water flowing into the ballast water pipe 200, A sampling pipe 110 having a predetermined length formed with a hollow to be inserted through one side of the water pipe 200, a port neck 115 extending from the end of the sampling pipe 110 in the direction of 30 to 120 degrees, Shaped port 120 having a larger diameter than the diameter of the port neck portion 115 while extending from the neck portion 115.

9, horn-type sampling port apparatus 100 of another shape may include sampling piping 110, port 120, and guide member 130.

More specifically, the horn type sampling port apparatus 100 is a sampling port apparatus installed to identify the population of plants, harmful aquatic organisms, or pathogens present in the ballast water flowing into the ballast water pipe 200, A sampling pipe 110 having a predetermined length formed with a hollow to be inserted through one side of the water pipe 200, a port neck 115 extending from the end of the sampling pipe 110 by a distance of 30 to 120 degrees, Shaped port 120 extending from the neck portion 115 and having a larger diameter than the diameter of the port neck portion 115 and a conical balloon guiding member 130, and first, second, and third connecting members 130a, 130b, and 130c in the form of rods extending integrally and forwardly are formed at a terminal end of the port 120 as shown in FIG. 10, (130) .

In addition, the horn-type sampling port device 100 may have a maximum diameter of the guiding member 130 that is smaller than the maximum diameter of the port 120.

However, the number of the connecting members for fixing the guide member 130 is not limited to three as in the case of the first, second and third connecting members 130a, 130b and 130c, and it is possible to reduce or increase the quantity, Do. That is, the connecting member for fixing the guide member 130 may be composed of the first connecting member 130a or the second connecting member 130b, and if necessary, the fourth and fifth connecting members may be added have.

The sampling pipe 110 and the ballast water pipe 200 may be welded to each other but they may be connected to each other by a packing member through holes inserted through one side of the ballast water pipe 200, Can be fastened in the form of a flange to the pipe through which the ballast water passes.

11 is a cross-sectional view of a radial porous sampling port apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is installed by the method of installing a balancing accommodating sampling port apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 12 is a front view of the radial porous sampling port apparatus of FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a radial porous sampling port apparatus according to another embodiment of FIG.

11 and 12, the radial porous sampling port apparatus 100 of the embodiment of the method for installing the equipolar sampling port apparatus according to the present invention has a hollow having a predetermined length and is inserted through the equilibrium water pipe 200 And at least one port 120 connected to the sampling pipe 110 is formed integrally with the sampling pipe 110. At least one of the ports 120 is hollow and the sampling pipe 110 and the sampling pipe 110 are connected to each other. A cylindrical main body portion 122 to which one external side is connected and a plurality of through holes 124h formed to extend forward from one longitudinal end portion of the main body 122 and into which the ballast water flows, And a guide portion 126 for guiding the ballast water to the other longitudinal end portion of the body portion 122. The ballast water introduced through the porous inlet portion 124 of the port 120 has a cylindrical body portion (122) And can be moved to the flaming pipe 110.

The radial porous sampling port apparatus 100 will be described in more detail as follows.

11 or 12, the radial porous sampling port apparatus 100 installed by the method of installing a balancing accommodating sampling port apparatus according to the present invention includes a sampling pipe 110 and a port 120 Lt; / RTI >

More specifically, the radial porous sampling port apparatus 100 is a sampling port apparatus installed to identify the population of plants, harmful aquatic organisms, or pathogens present in the ballast water flowing into the ballast water pipe 200, And at least one sampling pipe 100 having a predetermined length formed with a hollow to be inserted through one side of the water pipe 200 and a port 120 to which the sampling pipe 100 is connected, A cylindrical main body 122 having a sampling pipe 110 and an outer tube connected to each other; A conical porous inlet 124 formed to extend forward from one longitudinal end of the main body 122 and having a plurality of through holes 124h through which the ballast water flows; And a guide portion 126 for guiding the ballast water to the other longitudinal end portion of the main body portion 122. The ballast water introduced through the conical porous inlet portion 124 of the port 120 has a cylindrical body To the sampling piping 110 via the piping 122.

The sampling pipe 110 for fixing the port 120 is composed of at least one or more of the first, second and third pipes 110a, 110b and 110c. In FIG. 12, the number of the sampling piping 110 is three. However, the number of the sampling piping 110 is not limited to three, and it is obvious that the number of sampling piping 110 can be reduced or increased. That is, as shown in FIG. 13, the sampling pipe 110 for fixing the port 120 may be composed of the first pipe 110a or the second pipe 110b, and if necessary, 5 piping can be added.

The through hole 124h of the porous inlet 124 in the radial porous sampling port device 100 is arranged annularly with the tip portion 124a of the conical porous inlet 124 as a central axis, .

The through hole 124h of the porous inlet 124 may have a streamline shape so that the ballast water can be introduced while receiving less resistance and the quantity can be appropriately determined in consideration of the flowing ballast water flow rate, In some cases, irregular arrays may be possible as well as arrays.

The diameter of the through hole 124h of the porous inlet 124 in the radial porous sampling port apparatus 100 may be smaller than the inner diameter of the sampling pipe.

In the radial porous sampling port apparatus 100, the sampling pipe 110 may be inclined to one side of the outer tube with respect to the central axis of the body portion 122. The tilted connection smoothes the path of the ballast water flowing into the sampling pipe 110 into the main body portion 122, so that smooth ballast water flow can be induced.

In the radial porous sampling port device 100, the guide portion 126 may have a conical shape gradually increasing in radial outer diameter from the center. The conical guide part 126 smoothes the flow of the ballast water flowing into the sampling pipe 110 into the body part 122, thereby inducing a smooth flow.

The sampling pipe 110 and the ballast water pipe 200 may be welded to each other but they may be connected to each other by a packing member through holes inserted through one side of the ballast water pipe 200, Can be fastened in the form of a flange to the pipe through which the ballast water passes.

In this way, in order to ensure sampling representative and consistency more efficiently than the conventional sampling port installation method, it is necessary to install the balance equipments A sampling port device installation method can be provided.

In addition, since the sampling port device of the present invention is installed in the method of installing the equipolar sampling port device according to the present invention, more individuals can be sampled over a wider range than the conventional sampling port, .

Particularly, according to the experimental results to be described later, the radial porous sampling port apparatus of the method for installing the equipolar sampling port apparatus according to the present invention can secure a larger and wider collection area with the same sampling pipe diameter (10 mm) , It is possible to sample more objects and to greatly increase the number of collected objects and to observe linear patterns.

It can be seen that the sampling capacity of the same sampling pipe (10 mm) is excellent and the representative result and the linearity of the population are better than the conventional ones.

The experimental results that are the rationale based on the present invention are as follows.

Fig. 14 is a CFD Analysis flow chart in an experiment related to the present invention, Fig. 15 is a flow area schematic diagram in an experiment relating to the present invention, Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a lattice configuration in an experiment relating to the present invention, Figure 17 is a fluid flow schematic in an experiment involving the present invention, and Figure 18 is an analytical area schematic in an experiment involving the present invention.

In this study, the numerical analysis of the sampling port basic design and the representative piping shape in the development of the international standardization method of the ballast water sampling and analysis method is performed. The sampling number is observed through the flow analysis by the shape of the sampling port which is basically designed, The representative piping shape was selected and the position where the fully developed flow was observed was predicted by the flow analysis by flow velocity.

Most of the recent experiments have been performed by using a computer and then applying the results to the design to produce the final model. By using this method, it is possible to reduce the number of trial and error, thereby reducing the production cost caused by the change of shape. In addition, since the production time is saved, time for commercialization of finished products can be greatly shortened. As the commercialization is quick, the preemption effect of the market can be pressed, so it is very useful to change the design using the results of computer analysis.

In the past, the actual structure was manufactured and the results were obtained under the same conditions. Now, by making the shape of the structure identical to the actual shape through the 3D modeling operation and performing the analysis by inputting the same outer boundary condition, Results can be obtained. Also, since it can be easily applied when various models and various analysis conditions are given, it is possible to easily perform the analysis using a computer even in areas that are difficult to be actually tested. Also, when computer analysis is performed, there is no worry about safety accidents that may occur in the experiment, so there is no damage to human life. For this reason, computer-based computerized interpretation has become an essential element of product development, not choice.

Generally, a process (flow) for analyzing a fluid flow such as a valve, a pump, and a marine structure proceeds as shown in FIG. Analyze the shape of the flow field, which is the area occupied by the fluid, to predict the required results for the design, review the actual flow field and conditions, and identify boundary conditions and analysis conditions that form the actual system. After reviewing these dictionaries, 3D modeling and grid generation are performed on the basis of the proposed drawings to generate the models to be analyzed and numerical calculations are performed to obtain the results. The results obtained are theoretical And then reinterpreting it through additional model changes or boundary condition changes.

Therefore, in this experiment, 3D modeling is performed on the target model using CATIA, which is a modeling specialist tool, and the flow characteristics of the sampling port and the representative pipe shape based on the basic design through computational analysis using the commercial finite element analysis program Ansys 12.1 Respectively.

1. Flow domain and grid configuration ( Fluid Domain and Grid generation )

In order to simulate the phenomenon, it is necessary to create a flow region separately in order to analyze the influence of the fluid inside the structure, not the structure itself, in the flow analysis. Fig. 15 is a view of a flow region made on the basis of 3D modeling. In the boundary condition, there is only difference in flow rate or fluid pressure, and the shape of the flow region and the structure of the lattice are not changed. Since information about the area occupied by the fluid is required to confirm the flow of the internal fluid, information on the internal lattice is also needed. Figure 16 further mentions the generation of a lattice.

One of the factors that greatly affect the results in the flow analysis is the generation of the lattice. In the model that completes the flow path, the boundary condition given at the entrance is passed through the next node or element to convey the boundary condition. Unlike the case of an intuition which has no special shape, in the case of a model having a complicated structure, The change in speed and pressure becomes very large. If the quality of the lattice is degraded or the size and shape are not appropriate in the flow region where abrupt changes occur, accurate data can not be obtained. In this experiment, as shown in FIG. 16, the analysis is performed by changing the size, number, and density of a grid with respect to one model and shape having a large change in pressure and velocity. We created a grid of adequate quantity and quality that did not take too much time.

Ansys Workbench lattice creation program was used to generate the lattice and the lattice was created using CFX-Mesh to generate the lattice density appropriately. The assembly of the grid was performed in CFX V12.1.

2. Fluid flow governing equation ( Governing equation )

In the computational numerical analysis used in this experiment, the fluid flow inside the flow field is applied to the governing equations as follows: continuous equations, Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations, and turbulence model equations.

Continuous equation:

(1)

(One)

Time-averaged momentum equation:

(2)

(2)

In the numerical analysis of the turbulent flow, the flow velocity component and the pressure component are composed of the time-averaged component and the fluctuation component for the statistical processing, and the equations (1) and (2) are changed as follows.

(3)

(3)

(4)

(4)

와

는 시간평균속도와 시간평균압력을 나타낸다. 이것을 이용하여 식(3)과 식(4)을 나타내면 다음과 같다.here

Wow

Represents time-averaged velocity and time-averaged pressure. Equation (3) and Equation (4) are expressed as follows using this.

Time-averaged continuous equation:

(5)

(5)

The time-averaged momentum equation (Navier-Stokes equation):

(6)

(6)

The Reynolds stress is a very important term for understanding and numerical analysis of the turbulent flow. The pressure and average velocity can be obtained by using Eqs. (5) and (6) closure problem). To solve this problem, turbulence modeling is used. In general, a standard k-ε turbulence model and a k-ω turbulence model are used.

In this experiment, we used the Shear Stress Transport (SST) model, which uses the standard k-ε turbulence model as the main flow field and the k-ω turbulence model as the boundary layer near the wall. In the k-ω SST model, the k-ω model is correct and the k-ε model is accurate in the free flow, and the blending function F1 is used to combine the k-ω model and the k-ε model to be. When the k-ω model is multiplied by F1, and the k-ε turbulence model is multiplied by (1-F1) and rewritten as k-ω turbulence, Therefore, the blending funtion value near the wall becomes 0 and becomes the k-ω turbulence model, and in the free flow, the blending funtion becomes 1 and becomes the k-ε turbulence model.

(7)

(7)

(8)

(8)

(9)

(9)

Each turbulence constant is expressed by the blending function F1 as:

(10)

(10)

: k-ε 난류모델 상수

: k-ε turbulence model constant

= 0.09,

= 0.5,

= 0.5,

= 0.075,

=

(11)

= 0.09,

= 0.5,

= 0.5,

= 0.075,

=

(11)

: k-ω 난류모델 상수

: k-ω turbulence model constant

= 0.09,

= 1,

= 0.856,

= 0.0828,

=

(12)

= 0.09,

= 1,

= 0.856,

= 0.0828,

=

(12)

Therefore, in order to obtain a precise numerical solution, it is necessary to densely concentrate the lattice near the wall surface so as to sufficiently simulate the velocity gradient of the boundary layer region.

3. Entrance area and full development

The fluid flowing through the pipe must have entered the pipe from the proper place. As shown in Fig. 9, an area near the inlet where the fluid enters the pipe is called an entrance region. It may be the shortest length of the first pipe connected to the tank, or it may be the beginning of a long duct that carries hot air from the furnace.

를 따라 입구영역의 끝인 단면 (2)까지 변하고, 그 이후에는 속도 분포에 변화가 없다. 경계층의 두께는 성장하여 파이프를 완전히 세운다. 점성의 영향은 경계층 내에서 매우 크다. 경계층 밖[단면 (1)과 (2)사이에서 중심선 부근의 비점성 코어(Inviscid length)]의 유체에서는 점성효과가 무시된다.As shown in Fig. 17, the velocity of the fluid entering the pipe is substantially uniform in cross-section 1. When the fluid flows through the pipe, the fluid adheres to the pipe wall due to the viscosity. This phenomenon is the same for fluids in relatively non-viscous air and viscous oils. Therefore, a boundary layer with a large viscosity effect is formed along the wall surface of the pipe,

(2), which is the end of the inlet area, and thereafter there is no change in the velocity distribution. The thickness of the boundary layer grows to completely set the pipe. The effect of viscosity is very large in the boundary layer. Viscous effects are ignored in fluids outside the boundary layer (inviscid length near the centerline between cross sections (1) and (2)).

와 같이 층류인가 난류인가에 따라 다르다. 파이프의 다른 많은 성질들과 같이, 무차원 입구길이(Entrance length)

는 Reynolds수와 상관관계를 가진다.The shape of the velocity distribution in the pipe depends on the length of the inlet area

As shown in Fig. As with many other properties of pipes, the dimensionless entry length (Entrance length)

Have a correlation with the Reynolds number.

In the case of laminar flow,

(13)

(13)

In case of turbulent flow,

난류인 경우 (14)

In the case of turbulent flow (14)

.

일 때는

), Reynolds수가 큰 유동인 경우는 입구영역의 끝에 도달하기까지의 거리가 길다(

에 대해서는

). 실질적인 공학문제에서는

이다.When the Reynolds number is very small, the entrance length is very short (

When

), And if the Reynolds number is large, the distance to reach the end of the inlet area is long

For

). In practical engineering issues

to be.

만의 함수이고

의 함수는 아니기 때문에 유체의 유동을 표현하기가 쉬워진다. 이 점은 직경이 변화되거나 단면 (3)에서처럼 유체가 벤드, 밸브, 또는 기타 부품들을 지날 때와 같이, 파이프의 특성이 변하기까지는 유지된다. 단면 (2)와 (3)사이의 유동을 완전히 발달하였다(Fully developed)고 한다.In the inlet region, it is very complicated to calculate the velocity distribution and the pressure distribution. However, the fluid once reaches the end of the inlet area, which is the cross-section (2) of the figure, and the velocity is the distance from the pipe centerline

Is a function of

It is easier to express the flow of the fluid. This point is maintained until the pipe characteristics change, such as when the diameter changes or when the fluid passes bends, valves, or other components, as in section (3). The flow between sections (2) and (3) is fully developed.

및

]. 그러나 파이프의 부품(벤드, 티, 밸브 등)사이의 거리가 짧아서 완전발달 유동이 이루어지지 않는 경우도 있다.After crossing the area deviating from the fully developed flow [section (4)], the flow gradually returns to the fully developed flow until its velocity distribution reaches [the cross section (6) It continues. In most cases the length of the pipe is long enough so that the length of the fully developed flow is considerably longer than the length of the developed flow [

And

]. However, the distance between the pipe components (bend, tee, valve, etc.) is short, so that a fully developed flow is not achieved.

Since the model used in this experiment is a numerical analysis of a pipe with a diameter of 200 [mm], the theoretical distance of the fully developed flow by flow velocity is calculated using the above calculation equation and compared with the numerical analysis results.

4. Boundary Condition ( Boundary Condition )

The inlet and outlet conditions for the analysis area in this experiment are as shown in FIG. 18, and the boundary conditions as shown in Table 1 were set (D: 200 mm)

Inlet Speed 2 [m / s] Outlet Pressure, 0 [Pa] Wall No-sleep condition Sample object (Particle) 100 to 10,000 Turbulent model SST (Shear Stress Transport) model

In order to analyze the flow for each sampling port design, a flow rate condition of 2 [m / s], which is a general pipe flow velocity, is given to the inlet side, 100 ~ 10,000 particles are injected at uniform intervals, (Note: Particles are experimental particles corresponding to the population of plants, plants, harmful aquatic organisms or pathogens.)

Observation data are shown in Table 2 and Table 3.

count case1 case2 case3 case4 case5 case6 100 One 0 0 0 0 0 200 One 0 One 3 0 2 300 0 2 One 2 One 2 400 One One 4 One One One 500 0 3 2 One 5 4 600 One One 3 2 One One 700 One 5 4 0 3 3 800 0 3 2 3 3 2 900 One 3 2 4 3 3 1000 2 2 5 4 One 5

<Number of particles collected from 100 particles to 1,000 particles>

count case1 case2 case3 case4 case5 case6 1000 2 2 5 4 One 5 2000 One 8 13 6 25 9 3000 One 6 13 12 9 11 4000 2 10 21 15 16 19 5000 One 9 24 9 18 11 6000 8 11 28 15 28 16 7000 4 13 33 17 34 22 8000 3 16 43 27 31 29 9000 7 20 46 32 25 40 10000 8 21 45 40 25 40

<Number of particles collected when 1,000 particles are injected to 10,000 particles>

5. Sampling port By shape  Flow analysis result

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of sampling port diameters 6A, 10A and 15A in an experiment in accordance with the present invention, FIG. 20 is a graph of the number of samples collected when the sampling port diameter is 6 A in the experiment relating to the present invention, FIG. 22 is a graph of the number of individuals collected when the sampling port diameter is 15 A in the experiment related to the present invention, FIG. 23 is a graph showing the number of individuals collected when the sampling port diameter is 10 A in the experiment related to the present invention, FIG. 24 is a graph showing the flow characteristics when the diameter of the sampling port is 10 A in the experiment related to the present invention, and FIG. 25 is a graph showing the flow characteristics when the sampling port diameter is 15 A Flow characteristics.

1) First-order design sampling port flow analysis results

Fig. 19 shows a primary design shape, Figs. 20 to 22 show a comparison chart of sampling number per shape, and Figs. 23 to 25 show flow characteristics by shape.

FIG. 26 is a graph showing the number of collected samples by installing the sampling port device in the experiment according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 27 is a graph showing the number of collected samples collected by installing the sampling port device in the experiment according to the second embodiment of the present invention And FIG. 28 is a graph showing the number of the collected samples by installing the sampling port device in the experiment according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 29 is a graph showing the flow of the sampling port device installed in the experiment according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 30 is a view showing a flow characteristic by installing a sampling port device in an experiment according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 31 is a graph showing the flow characteristics of the sampling port in the experiment according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 32 is a graph showing the flow characteristics by the installation of the apparatus, and FIG. 32 is a graph showing the relationship between the sampling port device installation and the number of sampling population in the experiment according to the present invention to be.

2) Secondary design sampling port flow analysis result

FIGS. 26 to 28 show comparison graphs of the number of samples per shape, and FIGS. 29 to 30 show flow characteristics by shape.

On the other hand, if the shape of the sampling port generates a large differential pressure, it is necessary to design the shape so that differential pressure does not occur largely because it may cause performance resistance and failure of a pump or other devices installed at the end of the sampling port.

Since the flow rate in the piping is highly related to the pressure and only the average flow rate is considered, there is no significant influence on the sampling if the flow rate is kept constant.

Therefore, in the flow characteristics of the sampling port, only the localized flow characteristics depending on the differential pressure and shape are considered. In this experiment, the flow characteristics are observed to solve the local pressure congestion as in the case of the radial porous type, It is viewed only as observational / analytical variables to be solved.

3) 1st and 2nd design sampling port flow analysis results

Referring to Figure 32, In the embodiment  To install the equipotential sampling port device according to case  4, 5, and 6 case  1, 2, 3, and more objects Collection Done  .

but, case  3 is diameter  15 mm As a result, In the embodiment  To install the equipotential sampling port device according to case  4, 5, 6 cases diameter  15 mm  It will be obvious that if you apply it, you can capture more objects.

CASE Total Pressure [Pa]  Pressure [Pa] Remarks 2 D 6 D dP 2 D 6 D dP Case 1 2,411 2,122 288.6 392.3 88.85 303.4 Case 2 2,430 2,120 309.9 411.2 90.43 320.8 Case 3 2,434 2,111 323.3 415.6 88.78 326.8 Case 4 2,453 2,124 329.1 442.7 95.48 347.3 Case  5 2,449 2,123 326.3 438.8 93.43 345.3 Case  6 2,447 2,124 322.8 436.2 95.68 340.5

<Differential pressure data by port shape>

Total pressure refers to voltage and pressure refers to static pressure.

2D and 6D indicate the pressure value measurement position. If the length of the tubular thread is set to 1D, the pressure measured at a point twice the length of the capillary, that is, the position of the front end of 2D (D: tube diameter) . The differential pressure was calculated by comparing the measured pressure values at the 6D long point toward the rear end of the port.

This differential pressure calculation method is a calculation method commonly used in differential pressure calculation in the numerical analysis of all the devices installed in the piping.

With reference to Table 4, when the differential pressure is large, there is a high possibility that the apparatuses installed at the front and rear ends will have a bad influence such as failure or malfunction. Therefore, the apparatuses installed in the piping are designed so as to be small in differential pressure.

For example, the capacity coefficient test of the valve, which is a KS standard, produces a differential pressure of 1 [psi] (= 6894.7 [Pa]) to calculate the capacity coefficient of the valve. This differential pressure affects the front / The pressure difference between the pressure and the pressure.

6. The following conclusions were obtained through this flow analysis.

end. In this experiment, the flow analysis was performed to compare the number of collected objects by the port shape based on the sampling port shape that was basically designed. In order to calculate the optimal installation point of the sampling port, Pipe shape was selected and the fully developed flow point by flow velocity was predicted by flow analysis.

I. First-order design with varying sampling port diameter Flow analysis by sampling port As a result of injecting 100 to 1,000 particles, few particles were collected in all three cases, and the port diameter change and the number of injected particles The results were not linear.

All. As a result of increasing the number of particles in the first design sampling port, we found that the particles of case 2 were collected a little more than case 1 and the linear pattern was observed in case 3.

However, case 3 is a result of enlargement with a diameter of 15 mm. Therefore, in cases 4, 5 and 6, a linear pattern can be obtained if the diameter is enlarged by 15 mm.

la. In the result of the flow analysis of the secondary design sampling port which changes the position of the sample port and the number of ports based on the central axis of the piping, it is possible to observe a linear collection pattern and increase the number of sampling ports due to an increase in the number of sampling ports I could observe.

hemp. Based on the number of sampled objects collected in this experiment, a sampling port shape was designed based on the sampling port shape for predicting the number of individuals passing through the piping. To select the optimal installation point of the sampling port, Fully developed flow distance was calculated.

100: Sampling port device
110: Sampling piping
110a, 110b and 110c: first, second and third sampling pipes
120: Port
200: Ballast water piping

Claims (6)

A method for installing a sampling port device installed in a ballast water pipeline to detect a population of plants, a harmful aquatic organisms or pathogens present in the ballast water flowing into the ballast water pipe,
(N is a natural number of 2 or more) sampling ports each having a hollow having a predetermined length and at least one port connected to the sampling pipe through which the ballast water pipe is inserted and the sampling pipe are integrally formed, And is arranged to be radially symmetrical with respect to the central axis of the pipe,
Wherein the n sampling port devices are arranged to evenly divide the cross-section of the ballast water pipe by 2? / N,
At least one of the ports is formed in a tubular shape having a diameter gradually increasing forward from one side of the sampling pipe,
Wherein the sampling port device includes a conical balloon guiding member disposed at a predetermined distance from a terminal end of the port,
Wherein the rod-like first, second and third connecting members integrally extending to the port terminal are formed to fix the guide member. delete delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the maximum diameter of the guide member is smaller than the maximum diameter of the port. A method for installing a sampling port device installed in a ballast water pipeline to detect a population of plants, a harmful aquatic organisms or pathogens present in the ballast water flowing into the ballast water pipe,
(N is a natural number of 2 or more) sampling ports each having a hollow having a predetermined length and at least one port connected to the sampling pipe through which the ballast water pipe is inserted and the sampling pipe are integrally formed, And is arranged to be radially symmetrical with respect to the central axis of the pipe,
Wherein the n sampling port devices are arranged to evenly divide the cross-section of the ballast water pipe by 2? / N,
At least one of the ports
A cylindrical body portion having a hollow formed therein and connected to one side of the outer tube with the sampling pipe;
A conical porous inlet formed to extend forward from one longitudinal end of the main body and having a plurality of through holes into which the ballast water flows; And
And a guide part for guiding the ballast water to the other end of the main body part. 6. The method of claim 5,
Wherein the ballast flowing through the porous inlet of the port moves to the sampling pipe via the cylindrical main body.

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