KR101543061B1 - 황 회수 플랜트 테일 가스 처리 방법 - Google Patents
황 회수 플랜트 테일 가스 처리 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 32
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- SBOJXQVPLKSXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-amino-hydroxylamine Chemical group NON SBOJXQVPLKSXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 35
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- -1 secondary amino ether alcohol Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000001414 amino alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
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- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QBBCYXHPOQXTDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)(C)(CC)NCCOC(C)O Chemical compound C(C)(C)(CC)NCCOC(C)O QBBCYXHPOQXTDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- AHXXIYFEJGGBMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(tert-butylamino)ethoxy]ethanol Chemical compound CC(O)OCCNC(C)(C)C AHXXIYFEJGGBMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 50
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- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 7
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(C)CCO CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 2
- LVTYICIALWPMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropanolamine Chemical compound CC(O)CNCC(C)O LVTYICIALWPMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- CFVWWFIAONUICG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(butan-2-ylamino)ethoxy]ethanol Chemical compound C(C)(CC)NCCOC(C)O CFVWWFIAONUICG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJOPWQBFFNVXQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(butylamino)ethoxy]ethanol Chemical compound CCCCNCCOC(C)O SJOPWQBFFNVXQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100396586 Caenorhabditis elegans ifp-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011956 best available technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006309 butyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- OQDNAYAUVPXMPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-ethoxyhydroxylamine Chemical compound CCOON OQDNAYAUVPXMPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
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- B01D53/1468—Removing hydrogen sulfide
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- B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
- B01D53/1481—Removing sulfur dioxide or sulfur trioxide
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- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
- C01B17/02—Preparation of sulfur; Purification
- C01B17/04—Preparation of sulfur; Purification from gaseous sulfur compounds including gaseous sulfides
- C01B17/0404—Preparation of sulfur; Purification from gaseous sulfur compounds including gaseous sulfides by processes comprising a dry catalytic conversion of hydrogen sulfide-containing gases, e.g. the Claus process
- C01B17/0456—Preparation of sulfur; Purification from gaseous sulfur compounds including gaseous sulfides by processes comprising a dry catalytic conversion of hydrogen sulfide-containing gases, e.g. the Claus process the hydrogen sulfide-containing gas being a Claus process tail gas
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Abstract
Description
Claims (34)
- H2S 및 2000 vppm 미만의 SO2를 포함하는, 클라우스(Claus) 플랜트로부터의 테일 가스 스트림으로부터 황화수소를 제거하는 방법으로서,
(i) 상기 테일 가스 스트림을 고도로 입체 장애된 아미노에터 알콜의 묽은 흡수제 용액의 순환 스트림과 접촉시켜, 상기 가스 스트림을 냉각시키고 상기 가스 스트림으로부터 SO2를 제거하는 단계; 및
(ii) 상기 단계 (i)의 냉각된 가스 스트림을 고도로 입체 장애된 아미노에터 알콜의 보다 진한 흡수제 용액과 접촉시켜, 상기 가스 스트림으로부터 H2S를 제거하는 단계
를 포함하는 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 클라우스 플랜트로부터의 테일 가스 스트림이 1000 vppm 미만의 SO2를 포함하는, 방법. - 제 2 항에 있어서,
상기 클라우스 플랜트로부터의 테일 가스 스트림이, 상기 흡수제 용액의 순환스트림과 접촉될 때 130 내지 150℃의 온도에 있는, 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 클라우스 플랜트로부터의 테일 가스 스트림이, 상기 묽은 흡수제 용액의 순환 스트림과 접촉하기 전에 냉각제로서의 물 스트림과의 접촉에 의해 초기에 냉각되는, 방법. - 제 3 항에 있어서,
상기 클라우스 플랜트로부터의 테일 가스 스트림이, 단계 (i)로 도입될 때 130 내지 140℃의 온도에 있는, 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 흡수제 용액 중의 고도로 입체 장애된 아미노에터 알콜이 하기 화학식의 2급 아미노에터 알콜인, 방법:
상기 식에서,
R1 = R2 = R3 = CH3; R4 = R5 = R6 = H; 또는
R1 = R2 = R3 = CH3; R4 = H 또는 CH3; R5 = R6 = H; 또는
R1 = R2 = R3 = R6 = CH3; R4 = R5 = H; 또는
R1 = R2 = R3 = CH3CH2; R4 = R5 = R6 = H; 또는
R1 ≠ R2 ≠ R3 = H, CH3 또는 CH3CH2; R4 ≠ R5 ≠ R6 = H 또는 CH3; 및
x = 2 또는 3. - 제 6 항에 있어서,
상기 흡수제 용액 중의 고도로 입체 장애된 아미노에터 알콜이 3급 부틸아미노-에톡시에탄올, 2-(2-3급 부틸아미노)프로폭시에탄올, 3급 아밀아미노에톡시에탄올, (1-메틸-1-에틸프로필아미노)에톡시에탄올 또는 2-(2-이소프로필아미노) 프로폭시에탄올을 포함하는, 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (i)의 묽은 흡수제 용액이 전체 용액 중 0.5 중량% 내지 15 중량%의 아미노에터 알콜 농도를 갖는, 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (ii)의 보다 진한 흡수제 용액이 전체 용액 중 10 중량% 내지 55 중량%의 아미노에터 알콜 농도를 갖는, 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
단계 (ii)의 흡수 동안 상기 보다 진한 흡수제 용액의 주입구 온도가 40 내지 60℃이고, 단계 (ii)의 흡수 동안 압력이 1.02 내지 3 bara인, 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (i)로부터의 고도로 입체 장애된 아미노에터 알콜의 묽은 흡수제 용액의 퍼지 스트림을 처리하여 고도로 입체 장애된 아미노에터 알콜을 회수하는, 방법. - 제 11 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (i)로부터의 고도로 입체 장애된 아미노에터 알콜의 묽은 흡수제 용액의 퍼지 스트림을 열적 회수장치(thermal reclaimer)에서 처리하여 고도로 입체 장애된 아미노에터 알콜을 회수하는, 방법. - 가스 스트림으로부터 황화수소를 제거하는 방법으로서,
(i) 황화수소-함유 가스를 클라우스 반응으로 처리하여 황화수소를 황으로 전환시키고, H2S 및 2000 vppm 미만의 SO2를 포함하는 테일 가스 스트림을 형성하는 단계,
(ii) 상기 테일 가스 스트림을 냉각제로서의 물 스트림과의 접촉에 의해 냉각시키는 단계,
(iii) 상기 단계 (ii)로부터의 가스 스트림을, 고도로 입체 장애된 아미노에터 알콜의 묽은 흡수제 용액의 순환 스트림과 접촉시켜, 상기 가스 스트림을 추가로 냉각시키고 상기 가스 스트림으로부터 SO2를 제거하는 단계, 및
(iv) 상기 단계 (iii)으로부터의 가스 스트림을 고도로 입체 장애된 아미노에터 알콜의 보다 진한 흡수제 용액과 접촉시켜, 상기 가스 스트림으로부터 H2S를 제거하는 단계
를 포함하는 방법. - 제 13 항에 있어서,
상기 H2S와 SO2의 반응을 포함하는 클라우스 공정이 2:1(H2S:SO2)보다 높은 비로 실시되어 H2S 및 2000 vppm 미만의 SO2를 포함하는 테일 가스 스트림 및 황 원소를 생성하는, 방법. - 제 14 항에 있어서,
상기 클라우스 플랜트로부터의 테일 가스 스트림이 1000 vppm 미만의 SO2를 포함하는, 방법. - 제 13 항에 있어서,
상기 클라우스 플랜트로부터의 테일 가스 스트림이 단계 (ii)로 도입될 때 130 내지 150℃의 온도에 있는, 방법. - 제 15 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (iii)으로부터의 가스 스트림이 단계 (iv)로 도입될 때 40 내지 60℃의 온도에 있는, 방법. - 제 13 항에 있어서,
상기 흡수제 용액 중의 고도로 입체 장애된 아미노에터 알콜이 하기 화학식을 갖는, 방법:
상기 식에서,
R1 = R2 = R3 = CH3; R4 = R5 = R6 = H; 또는
R1 = R2 = R3 = CH3; R4 = H 또는 CH3; R5 = R6 = H; 또는
R1 = R2 = R3 = R6 = CH3; R4 = R5 = H; 또는
R1 = R2 = R3 = CH3CH2; R4 = R5 = R6 = H; 또는
R1 ≠ R2 ≠ R3 = H, CH3 또는 CH3CH2; R4 ≠ R5 ≠ R6 = H 또는 CH3; 및
x = 2 또는 3. - 제 18 항에 있어서,
상기 흡수제 용액 중의 고도로 입체 장애된 아미노에터 알콜이 3급 부틸아미노-에톡시에탄올, 2-(2-3급 부틸아미노)프로폭시에탄올, 3급 아밀아미노에톡시에탄올, (1-메틸-1-에틸프로필아미노)에톡시에탄올 또는 2-(2-이소프로필아미노) 프로폭시에탄올을 포함하는, 방법. - 제 13 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (iii)의 묽은 흡수제 용액이 전체 용액 중 0.5 중량% 내지 15 중량%의 아미노에터 알콜 농도를 갖고,
상기 단계 (iv)의 보다 진한 흡수제 용액이 전체 용액 중 10 중량% 내지 55 중량%의 아미노에터 알콜 농도를 갖는, 방법. - 제 13 항에 있어서,
단계 (iii)의 흡수 동안 상기 묽은 흡수제 용액의 주입구 온도가 40 내지 60℃이고, 단계 (iii)의 흡수 동안 압력이 1.02 내지 3 bara인, 방법. - 제 13 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (iii)으로부터의 고도로 입체 장애된 아미노에터 알콜의 묽은 흡수제 용액의 퍼지 스트림을 처리하여 고도로 입체 장애된 아미노에터 알콜을 회수하는, 방법. - 제 22 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (ii)로부터의 고도로 입체 장애된 아미노에터 알콜의 묽은 흡수제 용액의 퍼지 스트림을 열적 회수장치에서 처리하여 고도로 입체 장애된 아미노에터 알콜을 회수하는, 방법. - 가스 스트림으로부터 황화수소를 제거하는 방법으로서,
(i) 황화수소-함유 가스를 클라우스 반응으로 처리하여 황화수소를 황으로 전환시키고, H2S 및 2000 vppm 미만의 SO2를 포함하는 130 내지 150℃의 테일 가스 스트림을 형성하는 단계,
(ii) 상기 테일 가스 스트림을, 냉각수 순환 루프를 갖는 켄칭 컬럼에서 순환하는 냉각수와의 역류식(countercurrent) 직접 접촉에 의해 40 내지 60℃로 냉각시키는 단계,
(iii) 상기 단계 (ii)로부터의 가스 스트림을, 묽은 흡수제 용액용 순환 루프를 갖는 켄칭 컬럼에서 고도로 입체 장애된 2급 아미노에터 알콜의 묽은 흡수제 용액의 순환 스트림과 역류식으로 접촉시켜, 상기 가스 스트림을 추가로 냉각시키고 상기 가스 스트림으로부터 SO2를 제거하고, 상기 묽은 흡수제 용액으로부터 상기 추가로 냉각된 가스 스트림을 분리하는 단계,
(iv) 상기 단계 (iii)으로부터 분리된 냉각된 가스 스트림을, 보다 진한 흡수제 용액으로의 흡수에 의해 상기 가스 스트림으로부터 H2S를 제거하기 위한 보다 진한 순환 흡수제 용액용 순환 루프를 갖는 흡수제 컬럼에서, 고도로 입체 장애된 2급 아미노에터 알콜의 보다 진한 흡수제 용액과 역류식으로 접촉시켜, 정제된 가스 스트림을 형성하고, 상기 정제된 가스 스트림을 상기 보다 진한 흡수제 용액으로부터 분리하는 단계, 및
(v) 상기 보다 진한 흡수제 용액을 재생 구역에서 스팀 스트립핑함으로써 흡수제 용액을 재생하는 단계
를 포함하는 방법. - 제 24 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (iv)의 보다 진한 흡수제 용액이 전체 용액 중 10 중량% 내지 55 중량%의 아미노에터 알콜 농도를 갖고,
상기 단계 (iii)의 묽은 흡수제 용액이 전체 용액 중 0.5 중량% 내지 15 중량%의 아미노에터 알콜 농도를 갖는, 방법. - 제 24 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (iii)의 묽은 흡수제 용액이 8 이상의 pH를 갖는, 방법. - 제 24 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (iv)로부터의 보다 진한 흡수제 용액이 0.5 내지 3 bara의 압력에서의 스팀 스트립핑에 의해 단계 (v)에서와 같이 재생되는, 방법. - 제 24 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (iii)으로부터의 고도로 입체 장애된 아미노에터 알콜의 묽은 흡수제 용액의 퍼지 스트림을 처리하여 고도로 입체 장애된 아미노에터 알콜을 회수하는, 방법. - 제 28 항에 있어서,
상기 단계 (iii)으로부터의 고도로 입체 장애된 아미노에터 알콜의 묽은 흡수제 용액의 퍼지 스트림을 열적 회수장치에서 처리하여 고도로 입체 장애된 아미노에터 알콜을 회수하는, 방법. - 클라우스 플랜트로부터의 테일 가스 스트림으로부터 황화수소를 제거하는 방법으로서,
(i) 상기 클라우스 플랜트로부터의 테일 가스 스트림을, 수소의 첨가 없이, 고도로 입체 장애된 아미노에터 알콜의 묽은 흡수제 용액의 순환 스트림과 접촉시켜, 상기 가스 스트림을 냉각시키고 상기 가스 스트림으로부터 SO2를 제거하는 단계; 및
(ii) 상기 단계 (i)로부터의 냉각된 가스 스트림을 고도로 입체 장애된 아미노에터 알콜의 보다 진한 흡수제 용액과 접촉시켜, 상기 가스 스트림으로부터 H2S를 제거하는 단계
를 포함하는 방법. - 제 30 항에 있어서,
상기 클라우스 플랜트로부터의 테일 가스 스트림이 1000 vppm 미만의 SO2를 포함하는, 방법. - 제 30 항에 있어서,
상기 클라우스 플랜트로부터의 테일 가스 스트림이, 단계 (i)로 도입될 때 130 내지 150℃의 온도에 있는, 방법. - 제 30 항에 있어서,
상기 클라우스 플랜트로부터의 테일 가스 스트림이, 상기 흡수제 용액의 순환 스트림과 접촉하기 전에 냉각제로서의 물 스트림과의 접촉에 의해 초기에 냉각되는, 방법. - 제 30 항에 있어서,
상기 흡수제 용액 중의 고도로 입체 장애된 아미노에터 알콜이 하기 화학식을 갖는, 방법:
상기 식에서,
R1 = R2 = R3 = CH3; R4 = R5 = R6 = H; 또는
R1 = R2 = R3 = CH3; R4 = H 또는 CH3; R5 = R6 = H; 또는
R1 = R2 = R3 = R6 = CH3; R4 = R5 = H; 또는
R1 = R2 = R3 = CH3CH2; R4 = R5 = R6 = H; 또는
R1 ≠ R2 ≠ R3 = H, CH3 또는 CH3CH2; R4 ≠ R5 ≠ R6 = H 또는 CH3; 및
x = 2 또는 3.
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US8524184B2 (en) | 2013-09-03 |
EP2451561A1 (en) | 2012-05-16 |
CA2767381A1 (en) | 2011-01-13 |
US20110008229A1 (en) | 2011-01-13 |
WO2011005638A1 (en) | 2011-01-13 |
KR20120047253A (ko) | 2012-05-11 |
CN102481515A (zh) | 2012-05-30 |
CN102481515B (zh) | 2015-01-28 |
CA2767381C (en) | 2016-11-15 |
EP2451561B1 (en) | 2018-05-02 |
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