KR101512459B1 - Air pollutants removal equipment with multifunction using high performance gas liquid contact module - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multifunctional air pollution control apparatus for combustion gas, exhaust gas, polluted gas from industrial processes, indoor air pollution, removal of odorous substances in air, and production of clean air, A cleaning absorption liquid outlet, a filling material of a gas-liquid contact module, and a cleaning absorption module composed of a perforated plate of a gas-liquid contact module are continuously provided in the horizontal direction, and the air- The cleaning absorption solution injected from the upper part and the contaminant gas introduced from the upper part form a vertical storage wall for separating the washing and absorbing module, so that effective gas-liquid contact occurs through the filling material and the perforated plate, various air pollutants are removed, The method of the uniform solution spreading module, the type of the filler of the gas-liquid contact module, and the type of the cleaning absorption solution are independently It is a technology that has features to select and install and operate.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a multifunctional air pollution control apparatus using a high-performance gas-liquid contact module,

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a multifunctional air pollution control apparatus for producing clean air such as combustion gas, exhaust gas, pollution gas generated from an industrial process, indoor air cleaning, and removal of malodorous substances in the air, variety of air pollutants such as PM10), ultra fine particles (PM2.5), sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO _2), volatile organic compounds (VOC), lead To an optimal cleaning absorption solution for each pollutant, thereby maximizing the effect of removing air pollution.

The multifunctional air pollution control device includes a plurality of cleaning absorption modules arranged in a horizontal direction, in which a cleaning absorption solution is sprayed on the upper part and gas-liquid contact is performed in a gas-liquid contact module of high performance, And it is possible to achieve optimum cleaning and absorption efficiency for each type of air pollutant. A water-proof wall for separating the cleaning absorption module is provided between the cleaning absorption module and the cleaning absorption module to prevent mixing of the cleaning absorption solution.

The multifunctional air pollution control device includes a plurality of cleaning absorption modules arranged in a horizontal direction, in which a cleaning absorption solution is sprayed on the upper part and gas-liquid contact is performed in a gas-liquid contact module of high performance, And it is possible to achieve optimum cleaning and absorption efficiency for each type of air pollutant. A water-proof wall for separating the cleaning absorption module is provided between the cleaning absorption module and the cleaning absorption module to prevent mixing of the cleaning absorption solution.

Particulate matter, fine dust (PM10), ultrafine dust (PM2.5), sulfur oxides (SOx), air pollutants (SOx), and air pollutants generated during the combustion process in industrial plants, industrial boilers, (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), volatile organic compounds (VOC), lead, and odorous substances.

There is a large difference in the amount of dust, SOx, NOx, and CO ₂ in the power plant. However, various air pollutants are emitted from waste incinerators, nitric acid plants, sulfuric acid plants, copper smelters and steel mills. Occurrence is also a social problem. In recent years, due to problems of health hazards caused by fine dust (PM10) and ultrafine dust (PM2.5), a technique for reducing such problems has become a very important issue.

A wide variety of technologies have been applied for the removal of air pollutants, including dry and wet technologies. Wet cleaning techniques are also effective for removing particulate matter such as dust as well as gaseous materials such as sulfur dioxide. In recent years, the capture of carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), a major cause of global warming, has become very important.

There is a method of using a wet scrubber as a wet method for dust removal. The cleaning dust collector is a technique in which dust particles are adhered to and removed by liquid droplets by spraying water, and the principle of collision and blocking that separates the dust particles from gas by a small amount of gravity is applied. Types of cleaning dust collectors are various such as spray tower cleaner, centrifugal spray tower, orifice cleaner, impact cleaner, filler plate impact cleaner, venturi cleaner, venturi jet cleaner, and mechanical wet cleaner.

In a sprinkler tower scrubber, air containing dust passes through a cylindrical or rectangular tower and contacts a liquid droplet created by spray nozzles. The droplet size is adjusted to optimize the contact with the dust and to easily separate the droplet from the air flow.

The gas-liquid contact method has counter current and cross flow, and a baffle is used to improve gas-liquid contact.

Proper droplet size is obtained from spray nozzles at very high pressures of 35 to 50 Psi (25 to 30 mH ₂ O), and nozzle cleaning and replacement is an important part of spray tower maintenance. Counter current flow The height of the spray tower is very high, 6 ~ 9m, so that the contamination gas and droplet can contact enough, and the cross flow sprinkler has a very long length.

The energy consumption of the sprinkler tower is determined by the power required by the blower and the rinse solution supply pump, and a single cleaning solution such as water must be used structurally.

The Cyclone spray chamber injects the pollutant gas into the reactor in a tangential direction and injects the cleaning liquid in the form of radiating outward from the center. The centrifugal force promotes the separation of droplets, but requires high pressure by the blower, It is inevitable to use a cleaning liquid.

Orifice scrubbers are constructed such that contaminant gas impinges on the continuously installed baffle after impinging on the surface of the rinse solution. In a wet scrubber, the gas-liquid mixture passes through a perforated plate covered with rinse liquid and foam. So that it collides with the plate installed on the upper part of the hole. The blowing pressure loss is as high as 20 to 30 cmH ₂ O and structurally a single cleaning liquid can not but be used.

The venturi scrubber has a structure that the cleaning liquid is sucked into the cleaner by the low pressure of the venturi throat through which the pollutant gas passes, so that the design is simple but the pressure loss is very large.

In the prior art described above, basically, a single cleaning liquid such as water is caused to generate droplets by various means so as to come into contact with the pollutant gas, thereby causing non-acid liquid entrainment due to a rapid pollutant gas flow rate. Therefore, it is necessary to install an entrainment eliminator such as a single-line, double-line, W-type, corrugated separator and tear-shaped separator, but it is inevitable to discharge some of the acidic liquid containing air pollutants.

Adsorption and wet absorption methods are used to remove gaseous contaminants. Gas adsorption is applied to the removal of odorous substances by using an adsorbent such as activated carbon, activated alumina and silica gel in dry state, recovery of volatile organic solvents such as benzene and ethanol, and drying of process gas. Gas absorption is the process of dissolving the pollutants in the target gas phase by dissolving the pollutants in the absorption solution, removing sulfur oxides (SO _x ) generated in the combustion process, ammonia in the fertilizer plant and recovering them, removing HF in the glass furnace exhaust gas , The recovery of water-soluble solvents such as acetone and methyl alcohol, and the removal of odor substances generated in sewage treatment plants and industrial processes.

In the gas absorption device, the absorption liquid is sprayed from the upper part of the gas absorption device filled with various shapes of packing materials in order to increase the gas-liquid contact area so that the gaseous contaminants are transferred to the absorption solution and can be dissolved well. Flows downward to allow the packed bed in a wet state to pass upward to remove gaseous contaminants. There are various fillings such as Berl saddle, Intalox saddle, Raschig ring, Lessing ring, Pall ring, Tellerette. The gas absorption device using the filler is disadvantageous in that the blower pressure loss is high due to the filler, the height of the structure is high, and the cost of the filler is high.

When the gas velocity is high, the structure size is small but the power ratio is high. When the gas velocity is higher than the flood point or the flooding point, the absorption liquid is pushed up by the upward gas velocity, It is determined at about 40 to 70% of the flow rate.

However, the conventional gas absorption apparatus has a disadvantage in that it is structurally necessary to use a single absorption liquid. For example, sulfurous acid gas (SO ₂ ) in the exhaust gas after combustion is well dissolved in water, and water can be used as an absorbing solution. However, in view of solubility, nitrogen oxide (NO x) is suitable as an absorbing solution. Ozone-soluble water and chlorine-soluble water having oxidative power are effective, and powdered activated carbon slurry capable of adsorbing and removing odorous substances can also be used. Therefore, in order to effectively treat various kinds of air pollutants, it is necessary to use an appropriate cleaning absorbing solution for each pollutant.

Korean Patent No. 10-0349214 is an invention relating to a "water treatment apparatus and method using a perforated plate", which was filed by the applicant of the present application, in which a multi-stage perforated plate is placed in a reaction tank and bubbles of the dissolved gas discharged from the acid- And it is also a technique that maximizes the dissolution efficiency of the gas by being divided into small pieces as it passes through the holes of the perforated plate.

Korean Patent No. 10-1010893 entitled " Gas dissolving apparatus for treating water and wastewater ", filed by the applicant of the present application, is composed of a perforated plate, a bubble collecting and dissolving module, and a bubble desorbing medium The porous plate increases the residence time of the bubbles and splits the bubbles into small pieces to effectively dissolve the gas. The bubble collecting and dissolving module with the porous structure on the side increases the retention time of the gas by collecting and storing the bubbles. And the gas to be treated can be mixed at the same time. In the bubble part desorption medium, it is a technique to increase the residence time of the bubble until the small bubble adheres to the surface of the medium and is desorbed.

Korean Patent No. 10-1163097 is an invention relating to a "gas-dissolving apparatus with a gap structure and wastewater treatment system", which was also filed by the applicant of the present application, wherein a reservoir plate, a bubble collection and dissolution module, a reservoir plate and a reservoir plate A clearance between the reservoir plate and the bubble collection and dissolution module, a gap between the bubble collection and dissolution module and a gap between the bubble collection and dissolution module is formed, so that the bubble rising by the buoyancy from the bottom of the storage plate collides with the bottom of the storage plate, The gas bubbling and dissolution module forms the gas storage space and the gas dissolution interface in the internal space, thereby increasing the gas residence time. This is a technique to sustain gas fusing together with gas.

Korean Patent Application No. 10-2013-0103611, entitled " Multifunctional Air Pollution Treatment Apparatus for Dust Cleaning and Gas Absorption, " filed by the applicant of the present application, also discloses a cleaning solution inlet, a cleaning absorption solution outlet, a cleaning absorption solution gas- A vertical absorption wall and a gas-liquid contact part are provided continuously in the horizontal direction to effectively treat various complex air pollutants by using different cleaning absorption solutions for each of the cleaning absorption modules Technology.

Conventional cleaning and dust collecting apparatus has a structure in which dusts generated by jetting a single high-pressure cleaning liquid are brought into contact with dust in the polluted gas by using nozzles, and the height of the structure is high or long and the problem of clogging of the nozzles and energy consumption of the cleaning liquid pump are high have. Also, the wet gas absorption apparatus has a disadvantage in that a single absorption liquid is sprayed on the filler and the gaseous contaminant is dissolved and removed in the absorption liquid flowing on the filler surface, so that the height of the structure is high and a single absorption liquid can not be used. In particular, when collecting carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), which is a cause of global warming from exhaust gas, a general cleaning absorbing solution such as water for absorbing sulfur dioxide has low collection efficiency and a special solvent such as amine liquid is used. Since two or more absorption systems must be installed independently, there is a disadvantage that the construction cost increases as the size of the structure increases and operation maintenance becomes inconvenient. An alkaline cleaning solution is effective for the absorption of nitrogen oxides (NOx), so an additional cleaning solution injection system in addition to water is required. In addition, in the prior art, since the sprayed cleaning solution droplets are discharged together due to the rapid rising flow rate of the polluted gas, a non-acid droplet eliminator should be installed at the outlet side.

Accordingly, the present invention has been accomplished in view of the above-mentioned Korean patent application No. 10-2013-0103611 filed by the present applicant, in order to improve the performance of the multifunctional air pollution control apparatus for dust cleaning and gas absorption, It is possible to improve the gas-liquid contact efficiency between the filler and the perforated plate by installing the gas-liquid contact filler and spraying the cleaning absorbent solution from the top of the filler. Then, the dry granular adsorbent contact module is added to expand the range of materials to be air-decontaminated.

In the present invention, a plurality of cleaning absorption modules composed of a cleaning absorption solution inlet, a cleaning absorption liquid even spreading module, a cleaning absorption liquid gas-liquid separator and a gas-liquid contact module are arranged in the horizontal direction, It is possible to separate pollutant gases from each other by passing through each of the cleaning absorption modules. However, since the cleaning absorption liquid is allowed to flow in and out independently for each module, various types of air pollutants react to one reaction Make it possible to process on board.

In addition, a gas-liquid contact module is constructed of a porous plate and various types of gas-liquid contact fillers for effective contact between the polluted gas and the cleaning absorbing solution. In the gas-liquid contact module, the washing absorbing solution supplied from the washing-absorbing solution even-spreading module located at the upper part of the module is moved downward by gravity, so as to wet the filler and contact with the rising moving gas, do. As the cleaning absorbent solution reaches the perforated plate at the bottom of the filler and the rising pollutant gas by the air pressure rises through the holes of the perforated plate and comes into contact with the cleaning absorbent solution, numerous bubbles are generated, cleavage, Thereby improving the removal efficiency of the pollutants. A dry granular adsorbent contact module is formed to further remove air pollutants.

In the prior art, the height of the wet cleaning tower structure, the maintenance of the high-pressure nozzle, and the problem of the non-acidic co-discharge are present, while in the present invention, the height of the apparatus is remarkably low. In the gas-liquid contact module associated with the cleaning- In particular, it is possible to use various types of cleaning absorbing solution in a plurality of cleaning absorption modules arranged in a horizontal direction continuously, and thus various kinds of air pollutants are treated in one reactor . Further, in the apparatus of the present invention due to the gas-liquid contact principle, the non-acidic co-discharge phenomenon appears very low. In addition, there is an effect of expanding the kinds of air pollutants removed by the dry granular adsorbent contact module.

1 is a schematic view of a multi-function device having a cleaning absorption module inlet, a cleaning absorption liquid dispensing module, a cleaning absorbing solution gas-liquid separator, a cleaning absorption solution outlet, a gas-liquid contacting module, An example of an apparatus for treating air pollution.
Fig. 2 is an illustration of an example of a cleaning-absorbing solution evenly spreading module (sponge dripping method, perforated plate method) of the present invention.
3 is a structural view of the cleaning absorbent solution gas-liquid separator of the present invention.
Figure 4 is an illustration of an air pollution control device in which a cleaning absorption module of the present invention and a dry particulate adsorbent contact module are formed.

The details of the implementation of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Figs. 1 to 4. Fig. As shown in FIG. 1, the air pollution control apparatus 1 includes a washing absorbing solution inlet 5, a washing absorbing solution evenly spreading module 6, a washing absorbing solution gas-liquid separator 7, a washing absorbing solution outlet 8, A cleaning absorption module 2 composed of gas-liquid contact modules 3 and 4 and a cleaning absorption module lower space 9 is arranged in a plurality of horizontally consecutive rows and connected to a blower 13, a contamination gas inlet 11, a process gas outlet 12, and a vertical storage wall 10 for separating the cleaning absorption module.

Through the washing absorbing solution inlet 5, the washing absorbing solution is introduced into the washing absorbing solution evenly spreading module 6. In the prior art, spray nozzles have been used for the generation of liquid droplets. In the case where fine droplet generation is not important, other uniform spraying methods can be applied. In the present invention, a cleaning solution absorbing solution evenly spreading module 6 using a sponge dripping method and a cleaning solution absorbing solution evenly spreading module 6 using a porous plate type are newly developed and applied.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the sponge dipping method, when a cleaning absorbing solution is injected into a medium having a large liquid flow resistance such as a sponge, the solution is uniformly dropped from the entire area of the bottom of the sponge layer to be. In the perforated plate method, the cleaning absorbing solution supplied on the perforated plate is sprayed downward by gravity according to the size and the interval of the perforated plate holes. Both methods have the advantage of automatically controlling the amount of water sprayed by the water pressure proportional to the depth of the cleaning absorbent solution on the sponge or perforated plate. The gas-liquid contact module is composed of the filler (3) of the gas-liquid contact module and the porous plate (4) of the gas-liquid contact module.

The washing absorbent solution is spread over the filler 3 of the gas-liquid contact module while passing through the washing absorbent solution evenly spreading module 6, and the washed absorbent solution is spread over the large surface area of the filler 3 of the gas- Liquid contact module and reaches the perforated plate located at the bottom of the gas-liquid contact module. In the prior art, fillers such as Berl saddle, Intalox saddle, Raschig ring, Lessing ring, Pall ring and Tellerette have been used. In the present invention, stainless steel iron wool, polyurethane filter sponge (10 to 30 PPI) , A plurality of vertical pipe files (Pile), glass wool, etc. are newly developed and applied to the air pollution control apparatus, the pollution gas can be removed more efficiently since the surface area is larger than that of the conventional filler.

The polluted gas is introduced into the cleaning absorption module lower space 9 by the pressure of blowing by the blower 13 installed on the side of the contaminated gas inlet 11 or by the blowing pressure or suction force by the suction by the blower installed on the side of the process gas outlet 12 As the inflowing and flowing contaminant gas rises while pushing up the washing absorbing solution that has reached the perforated plate while passing through the holes of the perforated plate 4 of the gas-liquid contact module, the gas- liquid contact turbulence causes effective and intense vapor- . The diameter of the hole is 0.5 to 3 mm, and the number of holes per unit area affects the blowing pressure loss.

(TSP), fine dust (PM10) contained in the polluted gas in the process of again making a gas-liquid contact with the washing absorbent solution flowing downward while wetting the surface of the filler (3) of the gas- Air pollutants such as ultrafine dust (PM2.5), odor substances, sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, volatile organic compounds (VOC) .

Liquid passing through the perforated plate 4 of the gas-liquid contact module and the filler 3 of the gas-liquid contact module passes through the upper portion of the vertical storage wall 10 for separating the cleaning absorption module and is then moved to the next cleaning absorption module 2 So that the air pollutant is repeatedly removed and finally discharged through the process gas outlet 12.

Since the cleaning absorbent solution in the gas-liquid contact module in discharging the cleaning absorbent solution through the cleaning absorbent solution outlet 8 is a gas-liquid mixture, the gas should be excluded before being discharged. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 3, a box-shaped cleaning absorbent solution gas-liquid separator 7 having an open top is attached and installed inside the cleaning absorption module 2. As shown in Fig.

The bottom surface of the washing absorbent solution gas-liquid separator 7 blocks bubbles rising from the perforated plate 4 of the lower or gas-liquid contact module to the vicinity of the washing absorbent solution outlet 8. In the upper part of the washing absorbent solution gas-liquid separator 7, the gas bubbles rise upward in the mixed liquid of the absorbing solution and the washing absorbing solution flows over the bottom of the washing absorbing solution gas-liquid separator 7, And is discharged through the outlet 8.

The washing absorbent solution discharged through the washing absorbent solution outlet 8 is discharged as it is or after being subjected to reprocessing so that the washing absorbent solution inlet 5 located at the upper portion of the washing absorbent module 2 to which the washing absorbent solution outlet 8 belongs, So that it has a cleaning absorption liquid circulation structure independent of the cleaning absorption modules 2.

Cleaning the cleaning absorbent used by the absorption module (2), and the solution is water, carbon dioxide such as an amine (CO ₂₎ absorbent, absorbent slurry, such as powdered activated carbon, powdered limestone slurry, an alkaline washing liquid, oil, ethanol, chlorine can dissolve, be ozone dissolution The air pollutant that is optimally treated for each cleaning absorption module can be selected.

As described above, according to the present invention, the system of the washing water absorbing solution evenly spreading module 6, the type of the filler 3 of the gas-liquid contact module, and the type of the washing absorbing solution are independently selected and installed And has the characteristic to operate.

Odorous substances generated in sewage treatment plants and volatile organic compounds (VOC) generated in industrial processes are oxidized and removed by oxidizing gas such as ozone. When an oxidizing or reducing gas is injected into the contaminated gas inlet 11, the contaminated gas and the injected gas are mixed with each other, and then, the mixed gas is introduced into the washing and absorbing module 2, Or reduction reaction to remove contaminants, it is sometimes effective to inject the oxidizing or reducing gas into the present air pollution control apparatus.

In addition, dry adsorption using dry granular activated carbon, activated alumina, silica gel, zeolite or other dry granular adsorbents may be effective depending on the kind of air pollutants. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 4, the dry granular adsorbent contact module 14 is additionally provided at the rear end, the front end, or the intermediate portion of the cleaning absorption module 2 to remove air pollutants, remove oxidizing gas and reducing gas do.

1: Air pollution treatment device 2: Cleaning absorption module
3: Filler of gas-liquid contact module 4: Perforated plate of gas-liquid contact module
5: Cleaning Absorption Solution Inlet 6: Cleaning Absorption Solution Equal Spray Module
7: cleaning absorbing solution gas-liquid separator 8: washing absorbing solution outlet
9: cleaning absorption module lower space 10: vertical storage wall for separating cleaning absorption module
11: Contaminant gas inlet 12: Process gas outlet
13: blower 14: dry granular adsorbent contact module
15: Dry granular adsorbent

Claims (10)

A cleaning absorbing solution inlet port, a cleaning absorbing solution evenly spreading module, a cleaning absorbing solution gas-liquid separator, a cleaning absorbing solution outlet, a gas-liquid contacting module, and a cleaning absorption module lower space, 1. An air pollution control apparatus having a pollution gas inlet, a process gas outlet, and a vertical storage wall for separating a cleaning absorption module,
The washing absorbent solution flowing into the washing absorbent solution inlet is dispersed and sprayed on the upper part of the gas-liquid contact module while passing through the washing absorbent solution evenly spreading module, and the washed absorbent solution is moved downward while wetting the surface of the filler constituting the gas- Liquid contact module reaches the perforated plate located at the lowermost part of the gas-liquid contact module,
The contaminant gas introduced into the contaminant gas inlet flows into the space under the washing and absorption module by the blowing pressure or the suction force, and the contaminant gas is flowed upward while passing through the hole of the perforated plate of the gas- , The gas-liquid contact is effected by bubble cleavage and vapor-liquid turbulence, and the rising pollutant gas is contained in the pollutant gas in the process of once again making a gas-liquid contact with the washing absorbent solution flowing downward while wetting the surface of the filler The air pollutant is moved to the cleaning absorbent solution to be removed,
The cleaning absorption liquid is discharged through the cleaning absorption liquid outlet after the gas is removed by the cleaning absorption liquid gas-liquid separator, and the polluted gas passes over the vertical storage wall for separating the cleaning absorption module, The pollutant is removed, and finally the exhaust gas is discharged through the process gas outlet. delete The method according to claim 1,
The vertical storage wall for separating the cleaning absorption module is disposed between the cleaning absorption module and the cleaning absorption module to perform a function of passing the pollution gas and preventing the mixing of the cleaning absorption solution flowing into each cleaning absorption module . The method according to claim 1,
The washing absorbent solution discharged through the washing absorbent solution outlet is recycled to the washing absorbent solution inlet located at the upper portion of the washing absorbent module to which the washing absorbent solution outlet belongs, Multifunctional Air Pollution Treatment System with Solution Circulation Structure. The method according to claim 1,
The gas-liquid contact module has a structural characteristic in which one or two or more fillers selected from a perforated plate, a crushed stone, a limestone pellet, a stainless steel iron wool, a filter sponge, a plurality of vertical pipe piles, Multifunctional Air Pollution Treatment System. The method according to claim 1,
In order to prevent the gas from being discharged through the washing absorbent solution outlet, the washing absorbent solution gas-liquid separator is provided with an upper portion to prevent the rising air bubbles from the lower portion of the washing absorbent solution outlet and to discharge only the gas- Multifunctional air pollution control system with open box shape. The method according to claim 1,
The cleaning solution absorbing solution even spreading module is a multifunctional air pollution treatment device having a structural characteristic in which any one of a spray nozzle type sprayer, a sponge dripping type sprayer and a perforated plate spreader is selected and installed in accordance with the characteristics of a washing absorbent solution, . delete delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the air blower is provided at both the pollutant gas inlet and the process gas outlet of the air pollution control device, so that both the pressurization type and the suction type gas transfer type can be used.

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