KR101266397B1 - 디메틸에테르를 연료로 사용하는 자동차에서 질소산화물을 저감시키는 후처리 시스템 - Google Patents
디메틸에테르를 연료로 사용하는 자동차에서 질소산화물을 저감시키는 후처리 시스템 Download PDFInfo
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- KR101266397B1 KR101266397B1 KR1020110002705A KR20110002705A KR101266397B1 KR 101266397 B1 KR101266397 B1 KR 101266397B1 KR 1020110002705 A KR1020110002705 A KR 1020110002705A KR 20110002705 A KR20110002705 A KR 20110002705A KR 101266397 B1 KR101266397 B1 KR 101266397B1
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- catalyst
- lnt
- dimethyl ether
- treatment system
- dme
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- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 206
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 232
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 43
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 25
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012691 Cu precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium isopropoxide Chemical compound [Al+3].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-] SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2370/00—Selection of materials for exhaust purification
- F01N2370/02—Selection of materials for exhaust purification used in catalytic reactors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/14—Nitrogen oxides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 졸-겔 방법으로 제조된 워시코트(washcoat)의 TEM 사진이다.
도 3a는 DME의 분사량에 따른 NOx 정화율을 나타내며, 도 3b는 DME의 분사량에 따른 DME 슬립(slip) 농도를 나타내며, 도 3c는 분사시간에 따른 NOx 정화율을 나타낸다.
도 4a는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 SR 촉매의 종류에 따른 H2 생성율을 나타내며, 도 4b는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 후처리 시스템의 SR+LNT 촉매에서 NOx 정화율을 나타낸다.
도 5a는 SR 촉매의 크기에 따른 H2의 생성율을 나타내며, 도 5b는 SR 촉매의 크기에 따른 NOx 정화율을 나타낸다.
도 6a는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 SR 촉매 담체의 셀밀도에 따른 H2의 생성율을 나타내며, 도 6b는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 SR 촉매 담체의 셀밀도에 따른 NOx 정화율을 나타낸다.
도 7a는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 후처리 시스템의 SR 촉매에서 Zn을 첨가한 경우의 H2 생성율을 나타내며, 도 7b는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 후처리 시스템의 SR 촉매에서 Zn을 첨가한 경우의 NOx 정화율을 나타낸다.
300 : 공급가스부 400 : 제1 촉매부
500 : 제2 촉매부 600 : 제3 촉매부
Claims (9)
- 엔진부로부터 배출되는 배기가스 및 인젝터로부터 주입되는 디메틸에테르(dimethyl ether, DME)를 포함하는 공급가스를 제공하는 공급가스부;
상기 디메틸에테르와 반응하는 SR(steam reforming) 촉매를 포함하는 제1 촉매부; 및
상기 디메틸에테르와 상기 SR 촉매의 반응으로 발생된 H2 환원제 또는 CO 환원제와 반응하는 LNT(lean NOx trap) 촉매를 포함하는 제2 촉매부를 포함하고,
상기 SR 촉매와 상기 LNT 촉매의 크기비가 1.0:1 ~ 1.5:1이고,
상기 SR 촉매에서 구리의 함량은 1 중량% ~ 50 중량%이고,
상기 SR 촉매는 조촉매로서 아연을 포함하며, 상기 아연의 함량은 0 중량% 초과 3 중량% 이하이고,
상기 배기가스의 폐열을 열원으로 이용하는 것인,
질소산화물을 저감시키는 후처리 시스템.
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 SR 촉매는 졸-겔 방법(sol-gel method)으로 제조되는 질소산화물을 저감시키는 후처리 시스템.
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 디메틸에테르는 상기 공급가스부에 포함된 공급가스 중 0% ~ 5.0% 범위인 질소산화물을 저감시키는 후처리 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제1 촉매부 이전에 배치되며, 상기 배기가스 중 탄화수소 또는 일산화탄소와 산화반응을 하는 디젤산화촉매를 포함하는 제3 촉매부를 더 포함하는 질소산화물을 저감시키는 후처리 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 SR 촉매에서 담체의 셀밀도가 100 cpsi ~ 1200 cpsi인 질소산화물을 저감시키는 후처리 시스템.
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KR1020110002705A KR101266397B1 (ko) | 2011-01-11 | 2011-01-11 | 디메틸에테르를 연료로 사용하는 자동차에서 질소산화물을 저감시키는 후처리 시스템 |
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KR1020110002705A KR101266397B1 (ko) | 2011-01-11 | 2011-01-11 | 디메틸에테르를 연료로 사용하는 자동차에서 질소산화물을 저감시키는 후처리 시스템 |
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Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100675957B1 (ko) | 2005-10-04 | 2007-02-02 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | 내연기관 배기가스 가열장치 |
KR101005742B1 (ko) | 2008-12-17 | 2011-01-06 | 한국기계연구원 | 개질가스를 이용한 질소산화물 저감장치 및 방법 |
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Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR100675957B1 (ko) | 2005-10-04 | 2007-02-02 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | 내연기관 배기가스 가열장치 |
KR101005742B1 (ko) | 2008-12-17 | 2011-01-06 | 한국기계연구원 | 개질가스를 이용한 질소산화물 저감장치 및 방법 |
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