KR101264918B1 - Sealing plate for fabrication of concrete pile and fabrication apparatus ＆ method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a concrete pile manufacturing apparatus and a manufacturing method. Pile manufacturing apparatus includes a formwork for forming a concrete pile; A reinforcing plate located at one end of the formwork; And a blocking plate positioned on an opposite surface of the formwork with the reinforcing plate interposed therebetween, wherein the blocking plate is fixed to the formwork, and the reinforcing plate is formed by passing through a plurality of insertion holes into which the tension member is inserted. The surface in contact with the reinforcement plate of the insertion hole is inserted into the insertion hole is characterized in that formed. Therefore, as described above, the blocking plate not only prevents leakage of concrete through the holes of the reinforcing plate, but also the reinforcing plate is fixed between the blocking plate and the formwork, thereby preventing the reinforcing plate from being deformed when the tension member is tensioned.

Description

Sealing plate for concrete pile manufacturing and concrete pile manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method using same {SEALING PLATE FOR FABRICATION OF CONCRETE PILE AND FABRICATION APPARATUS & METHOD USING THE SAME}

The present invention relates to a concrete pile, and more particularly to a concrete pile produced by centrifugal molding.

In general, in the case of erecting a building or structure, in order to support the upper structure according to the condition of the ground or the load of the building or structure, the foundation construction to reinforce the ground.

As a result, a shallow foundation or a deep foundation is performed according to various conditions such as the load of the structure and the ground conditions. The case where the root width ratio is 1 or less is called the shallow foundation, and the case where the root width ratio is 1 or more is defined as the deep foundation. .

In the case of the shallow foundation, the structure is directly supported on the ground without using the pile, and the pile is used to reinforce the bearing force when the ground under the structure cannot support the load of the upper structure.

The piles can be classified into steel pipe piles, concrete piles, composite piles, etc., depending on the material.

Recently, PHC piles manufactured by centrifugal force and autoclave curing are widely used among concrete piles. The PHC pile is a high-strength pile with a pretensioning method. The allowable compressive stress of the concrete is so large that it can withstand a great celebration. The prestress is introduced into the concrete to provide excellent impact strength and excellent tensile stress.

1 is a diagram showing such a conventional PHC file. As shown in FIG. 1, in the conventional PHC pile, a lower shoe plate 2 having a reinforcing band is integrated at a lower end of a concrete column 3 formed of concrete, and a tension hole 2a of the lower shoe plate 2 is provided. After fixing the PC steel wire (3) to the PC steel wire (3) is formed to apply a prestress to the concrete pillar (3).

In order to increase the tip bearing capacity of the PHC pile formed as described above, a reinforcing plate 4 having a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the pile is placed at the bolt hole 4a provided in the reinforcing plate and the bolt hole 2b provided in the lower shoe plate. The reinforcing plate is attached to the lower shoe plate by inserting or welding the bolt 5.

However, in the PHC pile according to the prior art, since the lower shoe plate is not a structural member that bears a load, it is generally formed to have a thin thickness in consideration of economical efficiency, so that the PC steel wire is deformed to the member when being tensioned with a strong tensile force. There was a prone problem.

In addition, in the conventional PHC pile, the reinforcement plate as a structural member that bears a load in order to reinforce the tip bearing capacity of the pile has to be installed separately in the field or factory after curing the concrete of the PHC pile. There was a problem that the installation of a large reinforcing plate was not easy.

An embodiment of the present invention is to provide a concrete pile manufacturing apparatus and a concrete pile manufacturing method using the same, which can increase the tip bearing capacity, despite the simplified lower structure of the concrete pile.

According to one embodiment of the invention, it is formed in a plate shape, a plurality of insertion hole blocking projections protruding on one surface is disposed in the circumferential direction, characterized in that formed through the plurality of formwork coupling holes through the outer side of the insertion hole blocking projections Provided is a blocking plate for producing a concrete pile.

The inside of the insertion hole blocking protrusion is formed to further protrude a concrete pile hollow blocking protrusion.

On the other hand, according to another embodiment of the present invention, it is formed in a plate shape, a plurality of reinforcing plate coupling holes are arranged in one circumferential direction, characterized in that formed through the plurality of formwork coupling holes through the outer side of the reinforcing plate coupling hole. A blocking plate for producing a concrete pile is provided.

According to another category of the present invention, a formwork for forming a concrete pile; A reinforcing plate located at one end of the formwork; And a blocking plate positioned on an opposite surface of the formwork with the reinforcing plate interposed therebetween, wherein the blocking plate is fixed to the formwork, and the reinforcing plate is formed by passing through a plurality of insertion holes into which the tension member is inserted. The surface of the contact with the reinforcing plate is provided with a concrete pile manufacturing apparatus characterized in that the insertion hole blocking portion is formed to be inserted into the insertion hole.

The insertion hole blocking portion includes an insertion hole blocking protrusion protruding from a surface of the blocking plate contacting with the reinforcing plate.

The insertion hole blocking part includes a reinforcing plate coupling hole formed to penetrate to communicate with the insertion hole of the blocking plate, and the insertion hole blocking bolt fastened to the reinforcing plate coupling hole and the insertion hole.

The reinforcing plate, the locking step is formed that can be caught on the inner peripheral surface of the formwork.

According to another category of the invention, the present invention comprises the steps of preparing a reinforcing bar assembly by assembling the tension member, the reinforcing bar assembly into the lower formwork; Disposing a reinforcing plate at one end of the lower formwork; Fixing the tension member to a tension hole formed in the reinforcement plate; Installing a blocking plate installed on an opposite side facing the lower formwork of the reinforcing plate; Fixing the other end of the tension member to a tension device; Injecting concrete into the lower formwork and fastening the upper formwork to the lower formwork; Driving the tension device to tension the tension member; Curing after the centrifugal molding in the tensioned state of the tension member; And after curing, the step of removing the blocking plate; provides a method for manufacturing a concrete pile integrated reinforcement plate comprising a.

The installing of the blocking plate may be performed by bolting the blocking plate to the reinforcing plate.

A plurality of insertion holes through which the tension member is inserted are formed in the reinforcing plate, and a thread is formed in the inner diameter of the insertion hole, and the blocking plate is formed through the reinforcing plate coupling hole to communicate with the insertion hole. It is preferable to fasten the reinforcing plate coupling hole and the insertion hole with an insertion hole blocking bolt.

The installing of the blocking plate may further include fixing to the lower formwork.

In the fixing of the lower formwork, it is preferable that the blocking plate formed with a plurality of formwork coupling holes is bolted to the lower formwork through the formwork coupling holes.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the following effects are expected. However, it is not necessarily falling within the scope of the present invention if all of the following effects are exerted.

Conventionally, after the tension member is fixed to the lower shoe plate, the lower shoe plate is fixed to the support plate for fixing in order to fix the lower shoe plate when the tension member is tensioned, and after curing the poured concrete, demoulding the fixing support plate again, and reinforcing plate Although the construction process was complicated and the procedure was cumbersome, such as fixing to the lower shoe plate again, according to the present invention, there is no need for the lower shoe plate and the fixing support plate. Simultaneous with the demoulding, since the reinforcing block is installed on the concrete pile, the manufacturing process is simple and the component parts can be omitted, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost.

In addition, the blocking plate not only prevents the concrete from leaking through the holes of the reinforcing plate, but also the reinforcing plate is fixed between the blocking plate and the formwork, thereby preventing the reinforcing plate from being deformed when the tension member is tensioned.

In particular, the blocking plate is firmly fixed to the reinforcement plate by using the insertion hole blocking bolt, so that the blocking plate and the reinforcing plate behaves as a composite member with respect to the load, so that the load supporting ability (the ability to hold the tension member without being deformed against the tensile force) is It can be much increased.

Due to such an effect, it is possible to prevent the thickness from being thicker than necessary in order to prevent deformation occurring when the reinforcing plate is tensioned.

Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view showing such a conventional PHC file
Figure 2 is a perspective view of the concrete pile manufacturing apparatus of one embodiment of the present invention
3 is a front cross-sectional view of FIG.
4 is a perspective view of the reinforcing plate of FIG.
5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the cutting line VV of FIG. 4.
6 is a perspective view of the blocking plate of FIG.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VII-VII of FIG. 6.
8 to 10 are cross-sectional views showing a modification of the reinforcing plate of FIG.
11 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the blocking plate of FIG.
12 is a flow chart showing a concrete pile manufacturing method of an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 13 is a side view of the reinforcing plate and the lower formwork of Figure 3 coupled

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the concrete pile manufacturing apparatus of an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 is a front sectional view of Figure 2, Figure 4 is a perspective view of the reinforcing plate of Figure 3, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view along the cutting line V-V of Figure 4 6 is a perspective view of the blocking plate of FIG. 3, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VII-V of FIG. 6.

According to these drawings, the concrete pile manufacturing apparatus of an embodiment of the present invention, the form (60a, 60b) for forming the concrete pile, the reinforcement plate 100 is located at one end of the form (60a, 60b), Located on opposite sides of the formwork 60a and 60b with the reinforcing plate 100 interposed therebetween, the blocking plate 200 fixed to the formwork 60a and 60b, and one end of which is fixed to the reinforcing plate. Tensile device (61 ~ 63) for applying a tensile force to the tension member by tensioning the rebar assembly (20, 21) including the member 20, and the upper shoe plate 30 and the upper shoe plate 30 is fixed to the other end of the tension member ).

The formwork 60a, 60b includes a lower formwork 60a and an upper formwork 60b that is coupled to the lower formwork 60a and the upper formwork to form a concrete pile. The lower formwork 60a is formed in a semi-cylindrical shape, and the flanges 65 protrude from both ends. A coupling bolt hole 64 penetrates through the flange 65. The flange 65 is formed with a support 66 for supporting the reinforcement plate. That is, as shown in Figure 13, by supporting the outer peripheral surface of the reinforcement plate 100, the support portion 66 of the plurality of support projection shape, it is possible to easily mount the reinforcement plate 100 in the correct position.

In addition, a plurality of coupling holes 67 for coupling with the upper formwork 60b are formed at a portion in contact with the upper formwork 60b. Since the upper formwork 60b is symmetrical in shape with the lower formwork 60a, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The reinforcement plate 100 is formed in a disk shape, the hollow 110 is formed in the center, on the surface facing the formwork 60a, 60b formwork contact surface 120 in contact with the flange 65 of the formwork, and the concrete pile The concrete contact surface 130 in contact with the concrete may be partitioned. Between the formwork contact surface 120 and the concrete contact surface 130 is formed a locking step 121 that can be caught on the inner peripheral surface of the formwork.

The method of forming the locking step 121 may be a method of forming a thin thickness of the form contact surface 120, as shown in FIG. As such, by forming the locking step 121, by preventing the position of the formwork and the reinforcement plate 100 is changed during centrifugal rotation, it is possible to manufacture a concrete pile with a good reinforcement plate.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, there is a method of forming a ring 1121 at a boundary between the concrete contact surface 130 and the formwork contact surface 120. The ring 1121 may be formed by welding a ring-shaped strip to an upper surface of the reinforcing plate 100. 9 forms a plurality of bolt holes 1221 at the boundary between the concrete contact surface 130 and the formwork contact surface 120, and then fastens the bolts 1222 to protrude toward the concrete. 8 and 9 do not need to thicken the thickness of the reinforcing plate 100, so as not only to reduce the raw material, but also formed to protrude in part on the concrete contact surface 130, thereby improving the bonding force between the concrete and the reinforcing plate The advantage is that it can be increased. 10 is a method of welding the reinforcing band 1321 to the concrete contact surface 130 and the form contact surface 120 in advance. This method also has the advantage of not only saving costs, but also increasing the bonding strength by reinforcing the concrete side cross sections.

In addition, the concrete contact surface of the reinforcing plate is formed through a plurality of insertion holes 140 through which the head portion of the tension member 20 can penetrate, is formed in communication with the insertion hole 140 and the diameter of the tension member 20 A plurality of tension holes 150 formed smaller than the head portion are formed in a circumferential direction. An inclined surface 151 is formed at a portion of the tension hole 150 facing the blocking plate 200 so as to increase in diameter toward the blocking plate. Therefore, the head portion 21 of the tension member 20 may be inserted through the insertion hole 140, and then moved to the tension hole 150 to be caught by the inclined surface 151 of the tension hole 150. .

The blocking plate 200 includes an insertion hole blocking part 210 inserted into the insertion hole 140 on a surface of the blocking plate 200 that is in contact with the reinforcing plate 100, and forms molds 60a and 60b. For fixing, the formwork coupling hole 220 is formed through the insertion hole blocking portion 210 to the outside. In addition, the hollow blocking protrusion 230 for sealing the hollow of the reinforcement plate is further protruded inside the insertion hole blocking portion 210.

The insertion hole blocking portion 210 is a reinforcing plate coupling hole 211 formed to pass through to communicate with the insertion hole 140 of the blocking plate 100, the reinforcing steel plate coupling hole 211 and the It includes an insertion hole blocking bolt 212 that is fastened to the insertion hole 140.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 11, the insertion hole blocking portion may be implemented as an insertion hole blocking protrusion 1212 formed to protrude from a surface contacting the reinforcing plate of the blocking plate.

The hollow blocking protrusion 210 is formed to have a size that seals the hollow 110 formed in the reinforcement plate, thereby preventing the concrete from being discharged to the outside through the hollow 110 of the reinforcement plate. The weight reducing part 231 is formed on the opposite side of the reinforcing plate of the hollow blocking protrusion 210 to reduce the weight. The weight reduction part 231 can be formed by recessing the opposite surface of the reinforcing plate.

The formwork coupling hole 220 is abutted with the coupling bolt hole 64 of the formwork, and is fastened by the coupling bolt 250.

The tensioning device is connected to the center of the tension plate 62 is fixed to the tension support plate 61 and the tension plate 62 to which the tension member 21 is fixed, and to the other end of the lower die and the copper plate (63) The front and rear movement is possible and one end is fixed to the support shaft 61 and the tension plate 62, the tension shaft 63a, and a tension jack connected to the tension shaft to apply a tensile force to the tension shaft (not shown) Not configured).

Wherein the tension member 20 is usually used a PC steel wire, the head portion (20a) formed at both ends is formed coarse, although the diameter is smaller than the diameter of the insertion hole 140, the tension hole 150 It is formed larger than its diameter. As a result, after inserting the head portion 20a through the insertion hole 140, the tension member 20 is moved to the tension hole 150 position, and when tensioning, the head portion 20a is inclined. (151).

The tensioning member 20 is tensioned by driving a tensioning device for tensioning the tensioning member. At this time, the tensile force, the tensile force is transmitted to the path of the jack for tension → tension shaft → copper plate → tension plate → tension support plate → fixing bolt of the tension support plate → upper shoe plate → tension member → reinforcement plate.

The tension support plate 61 and the upper shoe 30 are bolted as shown in FIG. 2, or the head portion 20a of the tension member 20 is coupled to the tension support plate (the same as the method of coupling the tension member and the reinforcement plate). The tension force of the tension shaft 63a is transmitted to the tension member 20.

After tensioning using the tensioning device, the relative position of the tension axis 63 and the copper plate 63 is fixed with a nut.

The reinforcing bar 20 and 21 includes a plurality of tension members 20 disposed on a circumference of a straight wire and a spiral reinforcing wire 21 wrapped to connect the plurality of tension members 21.

Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing a concrete pile using the above-described concrete pile manufacturing apparatus will be described.

12 is a block diagram sequentially illustrating an embodiment of a method of manufacturing a concrete pile.

The method of manufacturing a concrete pile, assembling a tension member to prepare a reinforcing bar assembly, inserting the reinforcing bar assembly into the lower formwork (S1), and disposing a reinforcing plate at one end of the lower formwork (S2) and Fixing the tension member in the tension hole formed in the reinforcement plate (S3), and installing a blocking plate installed on the opposite side facing the lower formwork of the reinforcement plate (S4) and the tension Fixing the other end of the member to the tensioning device (S5), putting concrete into the lower formwork and fastening the upper formwork to the lower formwork (S6), and driving the tensioning device to tension the tensioning member. Step (S7), the step of curing after centrifugal molding in the tensioned state (S8), and after curing, removing the blocking plate, demolding the reinforcement plate and formwork, curing the autoclave ( S9) It includes.

In the step S2 of arranging the reinforcement plate, the arrangement is completed by arranging the outer circumferential surface of the reinforcement plate 100 to be supported by the support part 66. At this time, the locking jaw 121 is fitted into the inner hole of the formwork.

Fixing the tension member 20 (S3) is passed through the head 21 of the tension member through the insertion hole 140 formed in the reinforcement plate, the tension member 20 is moved in parallel to the tension hole 150 After pulling, the head 21 of the wire is supported on the inclined surface 151 of the tension hole 150.

In the step S4 of installing the blocking plate, the blocking plate 200 is installed by bolting to the reinforcing plate 100. That is, a plurality of insertion holes 140 through which the tension member 20 is inserted are formed in the reinforcing plate 100, a thread is formed in the inner diameter of the insertion hole 140, and the blocking plate 200 is formed. The reinforcing plate coupling hole 211 is formed so as to communicate with the insertion hole, and is installed by fastening the reinforcing plate coupling hole 211 and the insertion hole 140 with the insertion hole blocking bolt 212. .

In addition, the step of installing the blocking plate (S4) further comprises the step of fixing to the lower formwork (60a). The fixing to the lower formwork is characterized in that the coupling plate 200 formed with a plurality of formwork coupling holes 220 is bolted to the lower formwork through the formwork coupling hole 220. That is, the coupling bolt 250 is fastened to the formwork coupling hole 220 and the formwork bolt hole 64 to complete the coupling of the blocking plate 200 and the formwork.

The method of demolding starts by loosening the nut for fixing the tension shaft 63a to the copper plate 63. By releasing the tension shaft 63a from the copper plate 63, the entire concrete pile moves finely toward the reinforcement plate 100, and as a result, slippage occurs between the concrete pile and the formwork 60a, 60b, The demolding between the molds 60a and 60b is made more clean.

As described above, the blocking plate not only prevents leakage of concrete through the holes of the reinforcing plate, but also the reinforcing plate is fixed between the blocking plate and the formwork, thereby preventing the reinforcing plate from being deformed when the tensioning member is tensioned.

In particular, the blocking plate is firmly fixed to the reinforcing plate by using the insertion hole blocking bolt 212, so that the blocking plate and the reinforcing plate are combined with respect to the load, thereby supporting the load (the ability to withstand the tension of the tension member without being deformed). This can be much increased.

Due to such an effect, it is possible to prevent the thickness from being thicker than necessary in order to prevent deformation occurring when the reinforcing plate is tensioned.

In addition, since the installation of the lower shoe plate is omitted during the manufacture of the concrete pile, the support plate for tension is eliminated, and the construction work can be reduced because the reinforcement plate for strengthening the tip bearing capacity of the pile can be produced integrally. The material required for manufacturing can be saved.

1212: insertion hole blocking projection 220: formwork coupling hole
200: blocking plate 230: hollow blocking protrusion
211: reinforcing plate bonding hole 60a, 60b: formwork
100: reinforcing plate 20: tension member
140: insertion hole 210: insertion hole blocking portion
212: Insertion hole blocking bolt 121, 1121, 1221, 1321: Hanging jaw

Claims (16)

The insertion hole for inserting and fixing the head portion of the tension member of the concrete pile is formed through a plurality of circumferential direction, the concrete contact surface in contact with the concrete of the concrete pile and the form contact surface in contact with the flange of the formwork includes a reinforcement plate formed on one side A blocking plate for the production of concrete piles used for the production of concrete piles,
It is formed in a plate shape, a plurality of insertion hole blocking projections protruding on one surface to block the insertion hole is disposed in the circumferential direction,
Concrete block manufacturing plate for the concrete pile, characterized in that formed through the plurality of formwork coupling holes through the insertion hole blocking projection.
The method of claim 1,
The inside of the insertion hole blocking projections concrete block manufacturing plate for the concrete pile, characterized in that the protrusion formed for the hollow concrete block further protruding.
The insertion hole for inserting and fixing the head portion of the tension member of the concrete pile is formed through the circumferential direction, the concrete contact surface in contact with the concrete of the concrete pile and the form contact surface in contact with the flange of the formwork includes a reinforcement plate formed on one side A blocking plate for the production of concrete piles used for the production of concrete piles,
It is formed in a plate shape, a plurality of holes for joining the reinforcing plate disposed to be parallel to the insertion hole is arranged in the circumferential direction,
Concrete block manufacturing plate for the concrete pile, characterized in that formed through the plurality of formwork coupling holes through the outer side of the reinforcing plate coupling hole.
The method of claim 3, wherein
Blocks for manufacturing concrete piles, characterized in that the concrete pile hollow blocking protrusion is formed to protrude further inside the reinforcing plate coupling hole.
Formwork for forming concrete piles;
A reinforcing plate located at one end of the formwork; And
A blocking plate positioned on an opposite side of the formwork with the reinforcing plate interposed therebetween and fixed to the formwork;
/ RTI >
The reinforcing plate is formed by penetrating a plurality of insertion holes into which the tension member is inserted, and a concrete contact surface contacting the concrete of the concrete pile and a form contact surface contacting the flange of the formwork are formed on one surface.
Concrete pile manufacturing apparatus characterized in that the insertion hole blocking portion is inserted into the insertion hole on the surface in contact with the reinforcement plate of the blocking plate.
The method of claim 5, wherein
The insertion hole blocking portion,
Concrete pile manufacturing apparatus comprising an insertion hole blocking projection protruding from the surface in contact with the reinforcing plate of the blocking plate.
The method of claim 5, wherein
The insertion hole blocking portion,
Concrete pile manufacturing apparatus comprising a reinforcing plate coupling hole formed so as to communicate with the insertion hole of the blocking plate, and the insertion hole blocking bolt fastened to the reinforcing plate coupling hole and the insertion hole.
8. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7,
The reinforcement plate,
Concrete pile manufacturing apparatus, characterized in that the locking step is formed that can be caught on the inner peripheral surface of the formwork.
The method of claim 8,
The latching jaw is a concrete pile manufacturing device, characterized in that formed by welding the ring-shaped strip.
The method of claim 8,
The latching jaw is a concrete pile manufacturing apparatus, characterized in that after forming a plurality of bolt holes in the boundary line between the formwork and the concrete, the bolt is projected in the formwork direction by fastening the bolt through the bolt hole.
8. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7,
The reinforcement plate,
Concrete pile manufacturing apparatus characterized in that the reinforcing band is fixed to be caught on the inner peripheral surface of the formwork.
In the manufacturing method of the concrete pile,
Assembling a tension member to prepare a reinforcing bar assembly, and inserting the reinforcing bar assembly into a lower formwork;
Disposing a reinforcing plate formed at one end of the lower formwork with a concrete contact surface in contact with the concrete of the concrete pile and a form contact surface in contact with the flange of the formwork;
Fixing the tension member to a tension hole formed in the reinforcement plate;
Installing a blocking plate installed on an opposite side facing the lower formwork of the reinforcing plate;
Fixing the other end of the tension member to a tension device;
Injecting concrete into the lower formwork and fastening the upper formwork to the lower formwork;
Driving the tension device to tension the tension member;
Curing after the centrifugal molding in the tensioned state of the tension member; And
After curing, removing the blocking plate;
Reinforced plate integrated concrete pile manufacturing method comprising a.
13. The method of claim 12,
The step of installing the blocking plate, the concrete pile manufacturing method of the reinforcement plate is integrated, characterized in that to install the blocking plate bolted to the reinforcement plate.
The method of claim 13,
A plurality of insertion holes through which the tension member is inserted are formed in the reinforcing plate,
A screw thread is formed in the inner diameter of the insertion hole, and the blocking plate is formed through a reinforcing plate coupling hole so as to communicate with the insertion hole, and fastening the reinforcing plate coupling hole and the insertion hole with an insertion hole blocking bolt. Concrete pile manufacturing method characterized in that the reinforcing plate is integrated.
15. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 14,
Installing the blocking plate,
Fixing to the lower formwork;
Concrete pile manufacturing method, the reinforcement plate is integrated, further comprising a.
The method of claim 15,
Fixing to the lower formwork,
Reinforcing plate integrated concrete pile manufacturing method characterized in that the bolt coupling to the lower formwork through the blocking plate formed with a plurality of formwork coupling holes.

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