KR101127521B1 - Single-effect, double stage generator, hot water driven absorption chiller - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to improving the energy efficiency by improving the performance of the low temperature regenerator of the two-stage regenerated cold water absorption chiller consisting of a high temperature regenerator and a low temperature regenerator. It is possible not to circulate, and the condenser can be realized by being configured separately from the high temperature condenser installed in the ventilator and the low temperature condenser installed in the ventilator, and the two stage regenerated cold water absorption chiller according to the present invention. Even if the operation rate is increased, the refrigerant evaporates in the low temperature regenerator, and as the operation rate of the two stage regenerated low temperature water absorption refrigerator increases, the refrigerant evaporates in proportion to the low temperature regenerator. It is effective to increase energy utilization.

Description

Two-stage regeneration cold water absorption chiller {SINGLE-EFFECT, DOUBLE STAGE GENERATOR, HOT WATER DRIVEN ABSORPTION CHILLER}

The present invention relates to a two-stage regenerated cryogenic water absorption refrigerator, and more particularly, to improve energy efficiency by improving the performance of the cold regenerator of the two-stage regenerated cold water absorption refrigerator consisting of a high temperature regenerator and a low temperature regenerator. .

Absorption-type refrigerator uses water as a refrigerant to use vaporization heat, which is heat absorbed from the surroundings when water, which is a refrigerant, is evaporated. The absorption chiller is located in an evaporator where the refrigerant is evaporated so that cold water is cooled by the refrigerant being evaporated. Therefore, the cold water of the cold water line is deprived of heat energy and the temperature is lowered, and the refrigerant is evaporated by absorbing the vaporization heat from the cold water. The absorption chiller has a repetitive cycle in which cold water flowing through the cold water line is cooled by the heat of vaporization when the refrigerant evaporates, and the refrigerant evaporated by the vaporization heat is condensed into an external cooling water to liquefy and then supplied to the evaporator again.

The absorption chiller is a product that uses water as a refrigerant and has a non-pollution characteristic that does not emit environmental pollution. In addition, since the driving energy used also uses heat energy, there is no restriction in its use even in the season when power is concentrated, such as summer, and there is no difficulty in operation due to power shortage, and it is operated in a vacuum state, so it can be operated safely under the risk of explosion. There is.

Therefore, a number of studies have been conducted to increase the operating efficiency of the absorption type refrigerator, and the present applicant has also been registered by proposing the registered patent No. 0981672 through various studies.

This Patent No. 0981672 is characterized in that the regenerator is composed of a high temperature regenerator and a low temperature regenerator, and by supplying hot water supplied from the outside to the high temperature regenerator and the low temperature regenerator sequentially, the absorption liquid is sequentially heated in the high temperature regenerator and the low temperature regenerator, and the refrigerant is Separate over secondary.

Thus, the refrigerant vapor separated from the high temperature regenerator and the low temperature regenerator is moved to the condenser, and condensed by the cold heat of the cooling water line to become a liquid refrigerant.

The absorption chiller of the Patent No. 0981672 separates the refrigerant through the high temperature regenerator and the low temperature regenerator for the second time, thereby increasing the energy utilization rate of the hot water without increasing the size of the freezer, and improving the thermal efficiency through the heat exchanger. It works.

However, when the high temperature regenerator, the low temperature regenerator, and the condenser are connected to each other in a ventilated manner, the pressure inside the high temperature regenerator, the low temperature regenerator, and the condenser is always kept to be the same.

In such a structure, when the operation rate of the absorption chiller is not high, the refrigerant evaporates normally in the high temperature regenerator and the low temperature regenerator, but when the operation rate of the refrigerator is increased above a certain speed, the low temperature regenerator does not boil as much as the absorption liquid is expected. do.

This is because the evaporation of the refrigerant contained in the rare solution and the intermediate liquid is greatly influenced by the pressure and temperature, and when the operation rate of the absorption chiller is increased, the temperature is increased while passing through the hot heat exchanger in the intermediate liquid state due to the refrigerant vapor evaporated from the hot regenerator. This is because when the internal pressure of the low temperature regenerator is increased by the refrigerant vapor boiling in the high temperature regenerator, the refrigerant contained in the intermediate liquid does not evaporate due to the high pressure.

Therefore, if the operation rate of the absorption chiller is increased, the pressure of the high temperature regenerator is increased, and if the pressure of the high temperature regenerator is increased, conversely, in the low temperature regenerator, the absorption of the absorbent liquid does not occur, which causes a problem of losing its function.

That is, the absorption chiller composed of a high temperature regenerator and a low temperature regenerator has a higher energy efficiency than the absorption type refrigerator using only one regenerator when the low regeneration rate is low, but the low temperature regenerator loses its function when the operation rate is increased. As a result, there is a problem that only the same performance as the absorption chiller installed with a single regenerator can be exerted.

The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to ensure that the low temperature regenerator does not lose its function even when the operation rate of the two-stage regenerated low temperature water absorption chiller used together with the high temperature regenerator and the low temperature regenerator is increased.

In addition, it is an object to be able to separate the refrigerant from the absorbent liquid with the same performance in the high temperature regenerator and the low temperature regenerator according to the change in the operation rate of the two-stage regenerated low temperature water absorption type refrigerator.

In order to achieve the above object, the two-stage regenerated low temperature water absorption type refrigerator according to the present invention spreads a liquid refrigerant in a cold water line to allow the refrigerant to evaporate and cools the cold water line, and the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator. Condensing the vapor by the cold heat of the cooling water line, and the first shell consisting of an absorber made by absorbing the concentrated solution of the absorbent liquid in the cooling water line to absorb the condensed refrigerant into the concentrated solution of the absorbent liquid to form a rare solution, and the rare solution made in the absorber A high temperature regenerator for heating the heat of the hot water line to evaporate the refrigerant contained in the rare solution as an absorbent liquid, and a low temperature regenerator for evaporating the refrigerant contained in the intermediate liquid by heating the intermediate liquid which is the absorbing liquid supplied from the high temperature regenerator with the heat of the hot water line. , Condensing the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the high temperature regenerator and the low temperature regenerator with cold heat of the cooling water line In the two-stage regeneration cold water absorption chiller consisting of a second shell composed of a condenser for producing a refrigerant, the hot regenerator and the low temperature regenerator is composed of a separate space so that the gas is not circulated with each other, the condenser and the aeration vent The high temperature condenser and the low temperature regenerator are installed to be ventilated, characterized in that configured separately.

In addition, the cooling water line is installed so that the cooling water is supplied to each of the low temperature condenser and the high temperature condenser, and after passing through the high temperature condenser and the low temperature condenser is characterized in that it is installed to be discharged to collect again into one tube.

In addition, the cooling water line is characterized in that the cooling water is first installed via the low temperature condenser and then supplied to the high temperature condenser to be discharged.

The two-stage regenerated low temperature water absorption type refrigerator according to the present invention configured as described above has the effect of evaporation of the refrigerant in the low temperature regenerator even if the operation rate is increased. In the regenerator, there is an effect of increasing the evaporation of the refrigerant, thereby increasing the energy utilization rate of hot water and cooling water.

In addition, the cooling water line is provided so that the coolant is collected and discharged separately after being supplied to the high temperature condenser and the low temperature condenser, thereby maximizing the efficiency of the high temperature condenser and the low temperature condenser.

1 is a block diagram showing a two-stage regeneration cold water absorption chiller according to an embodiment of the present invention,
2 is a configuration diagram showing an operating state of the two-stage regeneration cold water absorption refrigerator shown in FIG.
3 is a block diagram showing a two-stage regenerated low temperature water absorption chiller according to another embodiment of the present invention,
4 is a configuration diagram showing an operating state of the two-stage regenerated low temperature water absorption refrigerator shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, a two-stage regeneration low temperature water absorption type refrigerator according to a first embodiment and a second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First embodiment

1 and 2, a two-stage regenerated low temperature water absorption refrigerator (hereinafter, referred to as a refrigerator) according to the present invention includes a first shell 100 and a high temperature regenerator 210 including an evaporator 110 and an absorber 120. The second shell 200 includes a low temperature regenerator 220, a high temperature condenser 230, and a low temperature condenser 240.

Looking at the first shell 100 in more detail, the evaporator 110 located on the left side of the drawing is provided with a cold water line 430 which is discharged after the liquid to be cooled is introduced from the outside and the upper portion of the cold water line 430 A coolant line 340 is installed, and an end portion of the coolant line 340 is provided with a nozzle for dispersing the coolant 540 in the cold water line 430.

The absorber 120 is located on the right side of the first shell 100 based on the central eliminator 130, and the absorber 120 absorbs the refrigerant vapor of the evaporator 110 and absorbs the refrigerant 540. It serves to dilute the rare solution 510 which is an absorption liquid. To this end, the absorber 120 has a cooling water line 420 which is discharged after the cooling water is introduced into the absorber 120, and the agricultural liquid 530, which is an absorbing liquid in which the refrigerant 540 is absorbed, is supplied to the upper portion of the cooling water line 420. A concentrated solution line 330 is provided, and an end portion of the concentrated solution line 330 is provided with a nozzle for dispersing the concentrated solution 530 in the cooling water line 420.

Looking at the second shell 200, the lower end of the second shell 200 is provided with a high temperature regenerator 210, the upper left side is provided with a low temperature regenerator 220, both sides of the upper right of the high temperature condenser 230 and the low temperature condenser 240 is provided.

The high temperature regenerator 210 is provided with a hot water line 410 to move the hot water supplied from the outside, the rare solution line 310 is supplied with the rare solution 510 from the absorber 120 of the first shell (100). ) Is provided. The low temperature regenerator 220 includes a hot water line 410 through which the low temperature water discharged from the high temperature regenerator 210 moves, and an intermediate liquid line 320 supplied with the intermediate liquid 520 from the high temperature regenerator 210. At this time, the high temperature regenerator 210 and the low temperature regenerator 220 are manufactured in a sealed structure that is not vented with each other, and the partition wall is installed between the high temperature regenerator 210 and the low temperature regenerator 220 in the second shell 200. This can be accomplished with 270.

The high temperature condenser 230 is configured to allow the refrigerant vapor evaporated from the high temperature regenerator 210 to be introduced, and an eliminator 260 is provided between the high temperature regenerator 210 and the refrigerant introduced from the high temperature regenerator 210. The coolant line 422 is provided to move the coolant to condense the steam, and a coolant line 340 is provided at the bottom to discharge the condensed refrigerant 540.

The low temperature condenser 240 is configured to allow the refrigerant vapor evaporated from the low temperature regenerator 220 to flow in. The eliminator 250 is provided between the low temperature regenerator 220 and the refrigerant evaporated from the low temperature regenerator 220. The cooling water line 421 is provided to move the coolant to condense the steam, and the coolant line 340 is provided at the bottom to discharge the condensed refrigerant 540.

The refrigerant line 340 has a structure in which the refrigerant 540 condensed in the liquid state in the high temperature condenser 230 and the low temperature condenser 240 is introduced and discharged through the nozzle of the evaporator 110, and the evaporator 110. The refrigerant 540 not evaporated at) is collected at the lower end of the evaporator 110 and then moved to the upper portion of the evaporator 110 through the refrigerant pump 341 to be dispersed.

The rare solution line 310 in which the rare solution 510 is moved in the absorbent liquid is an absorbent liquid generated by mixing the concentrated solution 530 and the refrigerant vapor in the absorber 120, and the absorbed liquid through the rare solution pump 311. The absorber 120 is configured to be supplied to the high temperature regenerator 210.

The intermediate liquid line 320 is a line for supplying the intermediate liquid 520, which is an absorption liquid in which the refrigerant 540 is separated from the high temperature regenerator 210, to the low temperature regenerator 220, and the high temperature regenerator 210 and the low temperature. It is connected between the player 220. At this time, the intermediate liquid 520 is supplied by the intermediate liquid pump 321.

The agricultural solution line 330 is installed between the low temperature regenerator 220 and the absorber 120, and serves to supply the concentrated solution 530, which is the absorption liquid, from the low temperature regenerator 220 to the absorber 120, and the absorber 120. At the end of the inner direction of the) is provided with a nozzle capable of dispersing the concentrated solution 530.

The cold water line 430 is supplied with cold water to be cooled, and is configured to be discharged after cold water is introduced into the evaporator 110, and the cold water line 430 is disposed at an end of the coolant line 340. The nozzle provided is located.

The cooling water line 420 is configured to discharge the cooling water after passing through the absorber 120 through the high temperature condenser 230 and the low temperature condenser 240, and after the cooling water passes through the absorber 120, the high temperature condenser 230. And the cooling water separated and discharged into the respective cooling water lines 422 and 421 so that the cooling water and the low temperature condenser 240 may be separately supplied to the cooling condenser 240 may be discharged.

The configuration of the coolant line 420 as described above is to minimize head loss by minimizing the length of the coolant line 420. That is, since the cooling water is supplied separately from the high temperature condenser 230 and the low temperature condenser 240, the length extending linearly of the cooling water line 420 may be the same as that of the conventional condenser. Because of this, the pump for supplying the cooling water has the effect of using a small capacity as reduced head loss.

The hot water line 410 is configured to allow hot water to be circulated and supplied to the high temperature regenerator 210 and the low temperature regenerator 220, and thus the hot water may be supplied to the high temperature regenerator 210 and the low temperature regenerator 220 in order. do.

The rare solution line 310 is configured to be heat exchanged with each other by the intermediate liquid line 320 and the agricultural liquid line 330 and the heat exchangers (350,360).

Referring to Figure 2 describes the operation of the two-stage regeneration cold water absorption refrigerator according to the present invention configured as described above, in the evaporator 110, the refrigerant in the liquid state 540 is dispersed in the cold water line 430 refrigerant 540 E) is evaporated to cool the cold water of the cold water line 430 using evaporative heat absorbed. At this time, the cold water is cooled by providing the evaporative heat to the refrigerant 540 while being introduced into and discharged into the absorber 120 through the cold water line 430, and the refrigerant 540 absorbs energy from the cold water to evaporate and is evaporated. The refrigerant vapor is moved to the absorber 120.

In the absorber 120, the refrigerant vapor introduced from the evaporator 110 is diluted with the concentrated solution 530, which is absorbed by the cooling water of the cooling water line 420, and condensed at the same time. Therefore, the concentrated solution 530 which is the absorbent liquid dispersed in the absorber 120 becomes a rare solution 510 including the refrigerant 540 and is discharged to the outside of the absorber 120.

The rare solution 510 discharged from the absorber 120 is pumped by the rare solution pump 311 to the high temperature regenerator 210, and the rare solution 510 introduced into the high temperature regenerator 210 is a hot water line 410. It is heated by hot water moving along).

As such, in the high temperature regenerator 210, the rare solution 510 is boiled to allow the refrigerant 540 included in the rare solution 510 to evaporate, and the rare solution 510 is boiled in the high temperature regenerator 210. The coolant 540 is an intermediate liquid 520 in an evaporated state, and the intermediate liquid 520 is again supplied to the low temperature regenerator 220 through the intermediate liquid pump 321 and the intermediate liquid line 320.

The low temperature regenerator 220 boils back the intermediate liquid 520 supplied from the high temperature regenerator 210 to the low temperature water of the hot water line 410 supplied via the high temperature regenerator 210. The refrigerant 540 is evaporated. The refrigerant 540 is separated from the intermediate liquid 520 to form a concentrated solution 530.

Most of the refrigerant 540 evaporated in the absorbent liquid is evaporated in the high temperature regenerator 210, and the rare solution 510 flowing into the high temperature regenerator 210 is also concentrated in the concentrate 530 and the intermediate by the heat exchangers 350 and 360. Since the heat exchange with the liquid 520 flows into the high temperature state. Therefore, the hot water and the rare solution 510 flowing into the high temperature regenerator 210 have a higher temperature than the cold water and the intermediate solution 520 flowing into the low temperature regenerator 220.

That is, the temperature inside the high temperature regenerator 210 is higher than the temperature inside the low temperature regenerator 220, and the pressure is also maintained at a higher pressure than the pressure of the low temperature regenerator 220.

Therefore, if the high temperature regenerator 210 and the low temperature regenerator 220 are connected to each other so that the refrigerant vapor is circulated, the low temperature regenerator 220 must maintain a relatively low temperature low pressure due to the pressure of the refrigerant vapor evaporated from the high temperature regenerator 210. ), Evaporation of the refrigerant vapor in the intermediate liquid 520 is prevented due to the pressure of the high temperature regenerator 210.

However, since the present invention has a sealed structure in which the insides of the high temperature regenerator 210 and the low temperature regenerator 220 are not air circulated with each other, even if the pressure of the high temperature regenerator 210 is changed, the low temperature regenerator 220 has no effect. Do not.

Therefore, since the low temperature regenerator 220 is not affected by the pressure change of the high temperature regenerator 210 when the operation rate of the freezer is increased, the refrigerant 540 separated from the intermediate liquid 520 in proportion to the operating speed of the freezer. The amount of is also increased.

As described above, the refrigerant vapors separated from the high temperature regenerator 210 and the low temperature regenerator 220 are respectively condensed in the high temperature condenser 230 connected to the high temperature regenerator 210 and the low temperature condenser 240 connected to the low temperature regenerator 220. Refrigerant 540 in the state, and the refrigerant 540 produced in the high temperature condenser 230 and the low temperature condenser 240 to the evaporator 110 through the refrigerant line 340 into which only the liquid refrigerant 540 is introduced. Is moved.

That is, the conventional refrigerator has a problem that the low temperature regenerator loses its function due to the pressure of the high temperature regenerator when the operation rate is increased, but the refrigerating machine according to the present invention increases in proportion to the high temperature regenerator 210 and the low temperature regenerator when the operation rate is increased. An amount of the refrigerant evaporated from the absorbent liquid inside the 220 is also increased.

Second Embodiment

3 and 4, the refrigerator of the second embodiment has the same configuration as that of the refrigerator of the first embodiment, but the condenser 230 of the second shell 200 is the same as that of the refrigerator of the first embodiment. Only the cooling water line 420 installed in the low temperature condenser 240 is different from each other.

That is, the cooling water line 420 of the first embodiment is composed of branch pipes 422 and 421 which are separately supplied to the high temperature condenser 230 and the low temperature condenser 240, thereby reducing the head loss of the cooling water line 420. It can be effective. On the other hand, the cooling water line 420 of the second embodiment is for facilitating the control and management of the refrigerator. Even though the head loss is increased than the cooling water line 420 of the first embodiment, the cooling water line 420 extends one pipe. Characterized in that the configuration.

Another feature is that the cooling water line 420 is configured to pass through the low temperature condenser 240 and the high temperature condenser 230 in order.

When the cooling water line 420 is configured in this manner, the cooling water line 420 is longer than the first embodiment, so that the head loss is increased. However, since the cooling water is not supplied separately from the low temperature condenser 240 and the high temperature condenser 230, the branching is performed. There is no need to calculate the amount of coolant to be cooled, so there is no need to perform complicated calculations during the design or operation of the refrigerator.

At this time, the cooling water is configured to be supplied to the high temperature condenser 230 via the low temperature condenser 240. This is because the low temperature regenerator 220 evaporates the refrigerant less than the high temperature regenerator 210, and the low temperature condenser 240 also has a lower capability of condensing the refrigerant vapor than the high temperature condenser 230. That is, since the cooling water must be supplied to the low temperature condenser 240 first, the low temperature condenser 240 connected to the low temperature regenerator 220 is not as easy to liquefy the refrigerant as compared to the high temperature condenser 230. Therefore, the cooling water is first supplied to the low temperature condenser 240 to condense refrigerant vapor inside the low temperature condenser 240 first.

As described above, a preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. That is, those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can make many changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended drawings and claims of the present invention, and all such All equivalents by change and modification should be considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

100: first shell 110: evaporator
120: absorber 130: eliminator
200: second shell 210: high temperature regenerator
220: low temperature regenerator 230: high temperature condenser
240: low temperature condenser 250: eliminator
260: eliminator 270: bulkhead
310: solution line 311: solution pump
320: intermediate liquid line 321: intermediate liquid pump
330: agricultural liquid line 340: refrigerant line
341: refrigerant pump 350: high temperature heat exchanger
360: low temperature heat exchanger 410: hot water line
420,421,422: cooling water line 430: cold water line
510: diluted solution 520: intermediate
530: concentrated solution 540: refrigerant

Claims (3)

The evaporator which disperses the liquid refrigerant in the cold water line to cool the cooling water line as the refrigerant evaporates, and the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator is condensed by cold heat of the cooling water line, and the concentrated liquid is absorbed into the cooling water line to condense. A first shell composed of an absorber for absorbing a refrigerant into a concentrated solution as an absorbent liquid to form a rare solution;
The high temperature regenerator which heats the rare solution made by the absorber by heat of a hot water line and evaporates the refrigerant contained in the rare solution which is an absorbent liquid, and the intermediate liquid which is the absorbent liquid supplied from the high temperature regenerator is heated by the heat of a hot water line to be included in the intermediate solution. In a two-stage regeneration cold water absorption chiller comprising a low temperature regenerator for evaporating a refrigerant, and a second shell consisting of a condenser for producing a liquid refrigerant by condensing the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the high temperature regenerator and the low temperature regenerator with cold heat of a cooling water line. ,
The high temperature regenerator and the low temperature regenerator are constituted by independent spaces so that gases are not circulated with each other, and the condenser is separately configured by the high temperature condenser installed through the high temperature regenerator and the low temperature condenser installed through the low temperature regenerator. Two-stage regenerated low temperature water absorption chiller characterized in that.
The method of claim 1,
The cooling water line is installed so that the cooling water is supplied to the low temperature condenser and the high temperature condenser, respectively, and after passing through the high temperature condenser and the low temperature condenser, the second stage regenerated low temperature water absorption type is installed to be discharged. Freezer.
The method of claim 1,
The cooling water line is a two-stage regenerated cold water absorption chiller characterized in that the cooling water is first installed via the low temperature condenser and then supplied to the high temperature condenser.

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