KR101106089B1 - 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 방법 - Google Patents
고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 방법 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR101106089B1 KR101106089B1 KR1020110104868A KR20110104868A KR101106089B1 KR 101106089 B1 KR101106089 B1 KR 101106089B1 KR 1020110104868 A KR1020110104868 A KR 1020110104868A KR 20110104868 A KR20110104868 A KR 20110104868A KR 101106089 B1 KR101106089 B1 KR 101106089B1
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- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- boil
- refrigerant
- liquefied
- injection engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 244
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 175
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 488
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 320
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 39
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 39
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)F NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010763 heavy fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YFMFNYKEUDLDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)(F)F YFMFNYKEUDLDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CC(F)(F)F NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UJPMYEOUBPIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)F UJPMYEOUBPIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluoroform Chemical compound FC(F)F XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethane Chemical compound FCF RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N iso-pentane Natural products CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)F GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
- F25J1/0025—Boil-off gases "BOG" from storages
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/02—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
- F02D19/021—Control of components of the fuel supply system
- F02D19/022—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel pressure, temperature or composition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
- F02M21/0215—Mixtures of gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Biogas; Mine gas; Landfill gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/0245—High pressure fuel supply systems; Rails; Pumps; Arrangement of valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/004—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for large storage vessels not under pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
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- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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- F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0212—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow MCR cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0229—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock
- F25J1/023—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock for the combustion as fuels, i.e. integration with the fuel gas system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
- F25J1/0254—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation controlling particular process parameter, e.g. pressure, temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
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- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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- F25J1/0277—Offshore use, e.g. during shipping
- F25J1/0278—Unit being stationary, e.g. on floating barge or fixed platform
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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- F25J1/0291—Refrigerant compression by combined gas compression and liquid pumping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
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- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
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- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract
본 발명에 따르면, 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진에 연료를 공급하는 연료 공급 방법으로서, 상기 저장탱크에서 발생되어 배출된 증발가스는, 12 내지 45 bara(절대압력)로 압축된 후 재액화되며, 상기 재액화 장치는, 냉매와 증발가스의 열교환이 이루어지는 콜드 박스, 상기 콜드 박스에서 가열된 냉매를 압축하기 위한 압축수단, 압축된 냉매를 팽창시켜 온도를 떨어뜨리기 위한 팽창수단, 그리고 기체 상태의 냉매와 액체 상태의 냉매를 분리하기 위한 복수의 냉매 기액분리기를 포함하며, 복수의 냉매 기액분리기 중에서 가장 하류측에 배치되는 냉매 기액분리기에는 상류측에 배치되는 냉매 기액분리기에서 분리된 기체 상태의 냉매와 액체 상태의 냉매가 다시 혼합된 후 공급되는 것을 특징으로 하는 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 방법이 제공된다.
Description
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 연료 공급을 통한 증발가스 처리 방법을 설명하기 위한 개략적인 블록선도,
도 3a는 본 발명의 제1 실시형태에 따른 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 시스템을 도시한 구성도,
도 3b는 본 발명의 제1 실시형태의 변형예에 따른 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 시스템을 도시한 구성도,
도 4a는 본 발명의 비폭발성 혼합냉매에 함유된 성분들의 어는점 및 끓는점을 나타내는 그래프,
도 4b는 탄화수소 혼합냉매에 함유된 성분들의 어는점 및 끓는점을 나타내는 그래프,
도 4c는 천연가스의 가압 압력에 따른 액화 온도를 나타내는 그래프,
도 5는 비폭발성 혼합냉매를 구성하기 위한 냉매 성분들의 끓는점을 나타내는 그래프,
도 6a 내지 도 6c는 증발가스의 재액화 장치에서 질소가스 냉동 사이클을 사용한 경우, 비폭발성 혼합냉매 냉동사이클을 사용한 경우, 그리고 SMR(Single Mixed Refrigerant) 냉동 사이클을 사용한 경우의 소모동력을 비교하기 위한 그래프들,
도 7a는 본 발명의 제2 실시형태에 따른 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 시스템을 도시한 구성도,
도 7b는 본 발명의 제2 실시형태의 변형예에 따른 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 시스템을 도시한 구성도,
도 8a는 본 발명의 제3 실시형태에 따른 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 시스템을 도시한 구성도,
도 8b는 본 발명의 제3 실시형태의 변형예에 따른 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 시스템을 도시한 구성도,
도 9a는 본 발명의 제4 실시형태에 따른 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 시스템을 도시한 구성도,
도 9b는 본 발명의 제4 실시형태의 변형예에 따른 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 시스템을 도시한 구성도,
도 10a는 본 발명의 제5 실시형태에 따른 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 시스템을 도시한 구성도, 그리고
도 10b는 본 발명의 제5 실시형태의 변형예에 따른 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 시스템을 도시한 구성도이다.
Refrigerant Composition (mol%) | ||||
8bara | 12bara | 30bara | 45bara | |
Nitrogen | 11.91 | 5.55 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
Methane | 45.11 | 48.54 | 45.81 | 36.63 |
Ethane | 17.68 | 18.66 | 22.84 | 30.74 |
Propane | 10.57 | 11.30 | 13.70 | 13.05 |
i-Pentane | 14.74 | 15.95 | 17.65 | 19.58 |
냉매번호 | 화학식 | Mole. weight | 끓는점(NBP)(℃) |
Ar | Ar | 39.95 | -185.9 |
R14 | CF4 | 88 | -128.1 |
R23 | CHF3 | 70.01 | -82.1 |
R116 | CF3CF3 | 138.01 | -78.2 |
R41 | CH3F | 34.03 | -78.1 |
R32 | CH2F2 | 52.02 | -51.7 |
R125 | CHF2CF3 | 120.02 | -48.1 |
R143a | CH3CF3 | 84.04 | -47.2 |
R161 | CH3CHF2 | 48.06 | -37.1 |
R218 | CF3CF2CF3 | 188.02 | -36.6 |
R134a | CH2FCF3 | 102.03 | -26.1 |
R152a | CH3CHF2 | 66.05 | -24 |
R227ea | CF3CHFCF3 | 170.03 | -15.6 |
R236fa | CF3CH2CF3 | 152.04 | -1.4 |
R245fa | CHF2CH2CF3 | 134.05 | 15.1 |
냉매번호 | 화학식(mass ratio) | Mole. weight | 끓는점(NBP)(℃) |
R410A | R32/125(50/50) | 72.58 | -51.6 |
R410B | R32/125(45/55) | 75.57 | -51.5 |
R507 | R125/143a(50/50) | 98.86 | -47.1 |
R407B | R32/125/134a(10/70/20) | 102.94 | -46.8 |
R404A | R125/143a/134a(44/52/4) | 97.6 | -46.6 |
R407A | R32/125/134a(20/40/40) | 90.11 | -45.2 |
R407C | R32/125/134a(23/25/52) | 86.2 | -43.8 |
R407E | R32/125/134a(25/15/60) | 83.78 | -42.8 |
R407D | R32/125/134a(15/15/70) | 90.96 | -39.4 |
구성성분 | 조성(% mole) |
Ar | 20 내지 55 |
R14 | 15 내지 30 |
R23 | 5 내지 15 |
R410a | 10 내지 15 |
R245fa | 15 내지 20 |
14 : 증발가스 압축기 15 : 중간 냉각기
20 : 재액화 장치 21 : 콜드 박스
22 : 냉매 기액분리기 23 : 냉매 압축기
24 : 냉매 냉각기 25 : 냉매 팽창밸브
26 : 냉매 펌프 31 : 버퍼 탱크
33 : 고압 펌프 37 : 고압 기화기
41 : 증발가스 열교환기 51, 52 : LBOG 팽창밸브
53, 54 : LBOG 기액분리기 55 : 연료가스 히터
57 : LNG 공급펌프 L1 : 증발가스 배출라인
L2 : 증발가스 공급라인 L3 : 연료 공급라인
L4 : LBOG 복귀라인 L5 : 분기라인
L6 : 연료가스 공급라인 L7 : LNG 공급라인
L8 : 제2 분기라인 L9 : 제3 분기라인
Claims (17)
- 해상 구조물에 설치된 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진용 연료 공급 시스템에서 연료를 공급하는 방법으로서,
상기 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진용 연료 공급 시스템은,
액화가스를 저장하는 저장탱크에서 발생한 증발가스를 공급받아 압축하는 증발가스 압축부와;
상기 증발가스 압축부에서 압축된 증발가스를 공급받아 액화시키는 재액화 장치와;
상기 재액화 장치에서 액화된 액화증발가스를 압축시키는 고압 펌프와;
상기 고압 펌프에서 압축된 액화증발가스를 기화시켜 상기 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진에 공급하기 위한 고압 기화기;
를 포함하고,
상기 저장탱크 내에서 발생한 증발가스를 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출시켜 중압범위로 압축하고, 상기 압축된 증발가스를 액화하고, 상기 액화된 액화증발가스를 고압으로 압축시킨 후 기화시켜 상기 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진에 공급하되,
상기 중압 범위는 12 내지 45 bara(절대압력)으로 하여 증발가스의 액화에너지를 감소시키는 것을 특징으로 하는, 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 방법. - 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 재액화 장치에서 냉각 및 액화된 액화증발가스를 공급받아 기체 성분을 분리하여 액체 성분을 상기 고압 펌프에 공급하기 위한 버퍼 탱크를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 방법. - 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 증발가스 압축부는, 증발가스를 압축하는 하나 이상의 증발가스 압축기와, 상기 증발가스 압축기에서 압축되면서 온도가 상승한 증발가스를 냉각시키기 위한 하나 이상의 중간 냉각기를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 방법. - 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 재액화 장치의 냉매는 질소가스 또는 혼합냉매인 것을 특징으로 하는 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 방법. - 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 재액화 장치의 냉매는 비폭발성 혼합냉매인 것을 특징으로 하는 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 방법. - 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 증발가스 압축부에서 압축된 증발가스와 상기 고압 펌프에서 압축된 액화증발가스를 열교환하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 방법. - 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 연료 공급 방법은, 상기 재액화 장치에 사용되는 질소냉동사이클에서 가온된 질소냉매와 상기 고압 펌프에서 압축된 액화증발가스를 열교환하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 방법. - 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 액화가스를 저장하는 저장탱크에서 발생한 증발가스는, 상기 증발가스 압축부에서 압축되기 전에, 상기 증발가스 압축부에서 압축되어 배출되는 상기 압축된 증발가스와 열교환되거나, 또는 상기 재액화 장치에 사용되는 질소냉동사이클에서 가온된 질소냉매와 열교환되는 것을 특징으로 하는 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 방법. - 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 해상 구조물은 액화가스 운반선, LNG RV, LNG FSRU 및 LNG FPSO 중 어느 하나인 것을 특징으로 하는 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 방법. - 청구항 1 내지 청구항 9 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진의 운전 중에 상기 액화증발가스는 전부 또는 상당부분을 상기 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진에 공급하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 방법. - 해상 구조물에 설치된 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진용 연료 공급 시스템에서 연료를 공급하는 방법으로서,
상기 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진용 연료 공급 시스템은,
액화가스를 저장하는 저장탱크에서 발생한 증발가스를 공급받아 압축하는 증발가스 압축부와;
상기 증발가스 압축부에서 압축된 증발가스를 공급받아 액화시키는 재액화 장치와;
상기 재액화 장치에서 액화된 액화증발가스를 압축시키는 고압 펌프와;
상기 고압 펌프에서 압축된 액화증발가스를 기화시켜 상기 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진에 공급하기 위한 고압 기화기;
를 포함하고,
상기 저장탱크 내에서 발생한 증발가스를 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출시켜 중압범위로 압축하고, 상기 압축된 증발가스를 액화하고, 상기 액화된 액화증발가스를 고압으로 압축시킨 후 기화시켜 상기 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진에 공급하되,
상기 중압 범위는 12 내지 45 bara(절대압력)이고,
상기 해상 구조물의 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진이 필요로 하는 연료의 양이 상기 저장탱크에서 발생하는 증발가스의 양 이상일 때에는 상기 액화증발가스를 모두 상기 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진에 공급하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 방법. - 청구항 11에 있어서,
상기 재액화 장치의 냉매는 질소가스 또는 혼합냉매인 것을 특징으로 하는 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 방법. - 청구항 11에 있어서,
상기 재액화 장치의 냉매는 비폭발성 혼합냉매인 것을 특징으로 하는 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 방법. - 청구항 11에 있어서,
상기 증발가스 압축부에서 압축된 증발가스와 상기 고압 펌프에서 압축된 액화증발가스를 열교환하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 방법. - 청구항 11에 있어서,
상기 연료 공급 방법은, 상기 재액화 장치에 사용되는 질소냉동사이클에서 가온된 질소냉매와 상기 고압 펌프에서 압축된 액화증발가스를 열교환하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 방법. - 청구항 11에 있어서,
상기 액화가스를 저장하는 저장탱크에서 발생한 증발가스는, 상기 증발가스 압축부에서 압축되기 전에, 상기 증발가스 압축부에서 압축되어 배출되는 상기 압축된 증발가스와 열교환되거나, 또는 상기 재액화 장치에 사용되는 질소냉동사이클에서 가온된 질소냉매와 열교환되는 것을 특징으로 하는 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 방법. - 청구항 11 내지 청구항 16 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 해상 구조물의 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진이 필요로 하는 연료의 양이 상기 저장탱크에서 발생하는 증발가스의 양 이상인 양은 상기 저장탱크에 저장된 LNG로 공급하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 방법.
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US14/004,665 US20130340474A1 (en) | 2011-03-11 | 2011-12-20 | Fuel supply method for high-pressure natural gas injection engine |
JP2013557631A JP5926748B2 (ja) | 2011-03-11 | 2011-12-20 | 高圧天然ガス噴射エンジンのための燃料供給方法 |
PCT/KR2011/009817 WO2012124884A1 (ko) | 2011-03-11 | 2011-12-20 | 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 위한 연료 공급 방법 |
EP11861305.8A EP2685079A4 (en) | 2011-03-11 | 2011-12-20 | FUEL SUPPLY METHOD FOR HIGH-PRESSURE NATURAL GAS INJECTION ENGINE |
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KR100835090B1 (ko) * | 2007-05-08 | 2008-06-03 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | Lng 운반선의 연료가스 공급 시스템 및 방법 |
JP2008286211A (ja) * | 2007-05-15 | 2008-11-27 | Ihi Corp | Bog圧縮設備及びその運転方法 |
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- 2011-10-13 KR KR1020110104868A patent/KR101106089B1/ko active Active
- 2011-10-14 KR KR1020110105426A patent/KR20120103410A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2011-10-21 KR KR1020110107922A patent/KR20120103414A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2011-12-20 WO PCT/KR2011/009817 patent/WO2012124884A1/ko active Application Filing
- 2011-12-20 EP EP11861305.8A patent/EP2685079A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-12-20 US US14/004,665 patent/US20130340474A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-12-20 JP JP2013557631A patent/JP5926748B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-12-20 CN CN2011800691786A patent/CN103443434A/zh active Pending
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KR20010077227A (ko) * | 2000-02-01 | 2001-08-17 | 윤상국 | 액화천연가스의 냉열을 이용한 천연가스증기의 재액화장치및 방법 |
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WO2012124884A1 (ko) | 2012-09-20 |
JP5926748B2 (ja) | 2016-06-01 |
KR20120103410A (ko) | 2012-09-19 |
EP2685079A4 (en) | 2016-07-13 |
US20130340474A1 (en) | 2013-12-26 |
CN103443434A (zh) | 2013-12-11 |
JP2014511469A (ja) | 2014-05-15 |
KR20120103414A (ko) | 2012-09-19 |
EP2685079A1 (en) | 2014-01-15 |
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