KR101087562B1 - 내연기관용 피스톤 및 그 제조 방법 - Google Patents
내연기관용 피스톤 및 그 제조 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR101087562B1 KR101087562B1 KR1020057015993A KR20057015993A KR101087562B1 KR 101087562 B1 KR101087562 B1 KR 101087562B1 KR 1020057015993 A KR1020057015993 A KR 1020057015993A KR 20057015993 A KR20057015993 A KR 20057015993A KR 101087562 B1 KR101087562 B1 KR 101087562B1
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- internal combustion
- cast steel
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 135
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 111
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 89
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 68
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 23
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000016571 aggressive behavior Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004881 precipitation hardening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001149 41xx steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-en-7-one Chemical compound C1C2C(=O)OC1C=CC2 TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000445 field-emission scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000879 optical micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/16—Pistons having cooling means
- F02F3/20—Pistons having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
- F02F3/22—Pistons having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D30/00—Cooling castings, not restricted to casting processes covered by a single main group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0672—Omega-piston bowl, i.e. the combustion space having a central projection pointing towards the cylinder head and the surrounding wall being inclined towards the cylinder center axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J1/00—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers
- F16J1/01—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers characterised by the use of particular materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
- Y10T29/49249—Piston making
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Abstract
Description
예시 번호 |
Fe 이외의 화학조성 (질량%) | |||||||||
C | Si | Mn | S | Ni | Cr | Cu | Nb | V | 기타 | |
실시예 1 | 0.09 | 0.16 | 0.22 | 0.003 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.01 | - | - |
실시예 2 | 0.11 | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.006 | 0.04 | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.11 | - | - |
실시예 3 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.32 | 0.021 | 0.12 | 0.25 | 0.05 | 0.17 | - | - |
실시예 4 | 0.54 | 1.44 | 0.56 | 0.084 | 0.87 | 1.66 | 1.59 | 0.59 | - | - |
실시예 5 | 0.55 | 1.95 | 1.97 | 0.147 | 0.98 | 2.93 | 3.66 | 2.46 | - | - |
실시예 6 | 0.79 | 2.87 | 2.56 | 0.194 | 2.86 | 5.98 | 5.94 | 3.00 | - | - |
실시예 7 | 0.20 | 0.55 | 2.86 | 0.030 | 0.50 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.06 | - | - |
실시예 8 | 0.31 | 0.87 | 1.52 | 0.033 | 0.11 | 0.08 | 1.10 | 0.10 | - | - |
실시예 9 | 0.55 | 2.47 | 0.97 | 0.022 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 2.50 | 0.50 | - | - |
실시예 10 | 0.37 | 2.51 | 0.30 | 0.150 | 2.70 | 0.31 | 0.10 | 0.37 | - | - |
실시예 11 | 0.40 | 0.91 | 0.40 | 0.030 | 0.05 | 3.16 | 0.08 | 0.48 | - | - |
실시예 12 | 0.41 | 2.36 | 0.68 | 0.022 | 0.05 | 5.99 | 0.01 | 0.12 | - | - |
실시예 13 | 0.30 | 0.65 | 0.65 | 0.033 | 0.11 | 0.08 | 5.80 | 0.05 | - | - |
실시예 14 | 0.35 | 0.80 | 1.98 | 0.022 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 0.12 | Ti: 0.008 |
실시예 15 | 0.42 | 0.68 | 1.01 | 0.040 | 0.08 | 0.10 | 0.03 | 0.31 | 0.03 | Ti: 0.004 |
실시예 16* | 0.42 | 0.68 | 1.01 | 0.040 | 0.08 | 0.10 | 0.03 | 0.31 | 0.03 | Ti: 0.004 |
실시예 17 | 0.40 | 0.89 | 0.41 | 0.120 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.12 | 0.06 | - | Mo: 1.69 |
실시예 18 | 0.46 | 0.76 | 0.33 | 0.132 | 0.09 | 0.12 | 0.09 | 0.06 | - | Co: 2.52 |
실시예 19 | 0.43 | 0.61 | 1.01 | 0.020 | 0.10 | 0.03 | 3.70 | 0.20 | - | Al: 0.021 |
실시예 20* | 0.43 | 0.61 | 1.01 | 0.020 | 0.10 | 0.03 | 3.70 | 0.20 | - | Al: 0.021 |
비교예 1 | 0.41 | 0.80 | 1.00 | 0.020 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.12 | 0.005 | - | - |
비교예 2 | 0.38 | 0.85 | 0.98 | 0.019 | 0.12 | 0.15 | 0.12 | 3.22 | - | - |
비교예 3 | 0.45 | 0.87 | 1.10 | 0.211 | 0.11 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | - | - |
비교예 4 | 0.57 | 0.55 | 1.75 | 0.209 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.005 | 0.50 | - |
종래예 1 | 3.70 | 2.23 | 0.35 | 0.006 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.67 | - | - | Mg: 0.042 |
종래예 2 | 0.41 | 0.65 | 1.17 | 0.030 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.11 | - | 0.08 | - |
예시 번호 |
공정 탄화물 |
공정 콜로니 수(1) (개/㎟) |
핀 눌어붙음 내성 |
라이너 눌어붙음 내성 |
|||
면적율 (%) |
평균원 상당 직경(㎛) |
마찰회수 (회) |
평가 |
눌어붙음 하중 (kgf) |
평가 |
||
실시예 1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 3 | 300 | ○ | 101 | ○ |
실시예 2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 3 | 305 | ○ | 105 | ○ |
실시예 3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 3 | 310 | ○ | 110 | ○ |
실시예 4 | 6 | 1.6 | 30 | 521 | ◎ | 125 | ◎ |
실시예 5 | 10.0 | 1.7 | 26 | 530 | ◎ | 130 | ◎ |
실시예 6 | 15.0 | 2.0 | 12 | 510 | ◎ | 120 | ◎ |
실시예 7 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 8 | 318 | ○ | 115 | ○ |
실시예 8 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 12 | 350 | ○ | 119 | ○ |
실시예 9 | 6.1 | 1.7 | 40 | 470 | ◎ | 150 | ◎ |
실시예 10 | 4.7 | 1.7 | 35 | 471 | ◎ | 140 | ◎ |
실시예 11 | 5.4 | 1.7 | 38 | 450 | ◎ | 140 | ◎ |
실시예 12 | 1.7 | 1.1 | 10 | 330 | ○ | 130 | ◎ |
실시예 13 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 10 | 340 | ○ | 110 | ○ |
실시예 14 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 5 | 385 | ○ | 125 | ◎ |
실시예 15 | 4.5 | 1.6 | 34 | 420 | ◎ | 125 | ◎ |
실시예 16* | 4.8 | 1.8 | 32 | 450 | ◎ | 130 | ◎ |
실시예 17 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 10 | 370 | ○ | 125 | ◎ |
실시예 18 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 17 | 388 | ○ | 120 | ◎ |
실시예 19 | 4.1 | 1.3 | 32 | 411 | ◎ | 135 | ◎ |
실시예 20* | 4.3 | 1.6 | 30 | 421 | ◎ | 137 | ◎ |
비교예 1 | 0.0 | - | - | 253 | △ | 98 | △ |
비교예 2 | 11.0 | 1.90 | 20 | 452 | ◎ | 120 | ◎ |
비교예 3 | 0.0 | - | - | 267 | △ | 89 | △ |
비교예 4 | 0 | - | - | 263 | △ | 100 | ○ |
종례예 1 | 0.0 | - | - | 289 | △ | 102 | ○ |
종례예 2 | 0.0 | - | - | 254 | △ | 100 | ○ |
예시 번호 |
황화물의 면적율(%) |
원형도가 0.7이상인황화물/전체황화물(%) | γ율 (%) |
상온연신 (%) |
0.2%의 내력(MPa) | ||
350℃ |
450℃ |
500℃ |
|||||
실시예 1 | 0.0 | - | 0.0 | 29.7 | 378 | 321 | 279 |
실시예 2 | 0.0 | - | 0.0 | 28.1 | 369 | 331 | 286 |
실시예 3 | 0.1 | 96 | 0.0 | 24.5 | 401 | 341 | 298 |
실시예 4 | 1.1 | 88 | 0.0 | 8.8 | 467 | 387 | 354 |
실시예 5 | 1.3 | 85 | 0.0 | 7.9 | 488 | 401 | 384 |
실시예 6 | 1.7 | 84 | 0.0 | 3.7 | 504 | 410 | 345 |
실시예 7 | 0.3 | 87 | 0.0 | 23.5 | 412 | 356 | 308 |
실시예 8 | 0.3 | 88 | 0.0 | 19.6 | 433 | 370 | 312 |
실시예 9 | 0.3 | 88 | 0.0 | 12.4 | 510 | 403 | 336 |
실시예 10 | 1.2 | 81 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 521 | 435 | 356 |
실시예 11 | 0.4 | 88 | 0.0 | 9.8 | 567 | 452 | 374 |
실시예 12 | 0.2 | 90 | 0.0 | 5.0 | 753 | 525 | 457 |
실시예 13 | 0.3 | 87 | 0.0 | 6.3 | 455 | 398 | 345 |
실시예 14 | 0.2 | 85.1 | 0.0 | 8.7 | 411 | 366 | 301 |
실시예 15 | 0.6 | 90 | 0.0 | 14.6 | 450 | 374 | 310 |
실시예 16* | 0.6 | 88.9 | 0.0 | 13.3 | 410 | 322 | 298 |
실시예 17 | 1.1 | 84 | 0.0 | 2.2 | 743 | 510 | 420 |
실시예 18 | 1.0 | 88 | 0.0 | 4.0 | 576 | 453 | 378 |
실시예 19 | 0.2 | 88 | 0.0 | 4.5 | 550 | 453 | 396 |
실시예 20* | 0.3 | 87 | 0.0 | 4.0 | 575 | 462 | 388 |
비교예 1 | 0.2 | 92 | 0.0 | 18.0 | 399 | 354 | 308 |
비교예 2 | 0.1 | 98 | 0.0 | 4.5 | 564 | 44 | 368 |
비교예 3 | 3.1 | 68 | 0.0 | 16.5 | 401 | 342 | 301 |
비교예 4 | 3.2 | 62.5 | 0.0 | 7.9 | 470 | 388 | 312 |
종래예 1 | 0.0 | - | 0.0 | 9.7 | 411 | 358 | 245 |
종래예 2 | 0.7 | 54 | 0.1 | 16.8 | 449 | 377 | 303 |
예시 번호 |
세로탄성계수 (GPa) | 열균열 내성 |
상온~500℃의 평균선팽창계수 (×10-6/℃) |
|||
350℃ |
450℃ |
500℃ |
최대균열 길이(㎛) |
평가 |
||
실시예 1 | 194 | 177 | 161 | 90 | ○ | 12.9 |
실시예 2 | 193 | 173 | 160 | 94 | ○ | 12.8 |
실시예 3 | 195 | 176 | 160 | 87 | ○ | 12.4 |
실시예 4 | 192 | 175 | 158 | 80 | ○ | 12.5 |
실시예 5 | 191 | 176 | 158 | 80 | ○ | 12.1 |
실시예 6 | 193 | 177 | 157 | 88 | ○ | 12.2 |
실시예 7 | 194 | 171 | 153 | 95 | ○ | 11.8 |
실시예 8 | 196 | 172 | 153 | 94 | ○ | 11.9 |
실시예 9 | 197 | 173 | 155 | 55 | ○ | 12.1 |
실시예 10 | 197 | 164 | 157 | 51 | ○ | 12.5 |
실시예 11 | 198 | 168 | 156 | 47 | ◎ | 12.4 |
실시예 12 | 197 | 168 | 158 | 50 | ◎ | 11.9 |
실시예 13 | 199 | 173 | 154 | 90 | ○ | 12.6 |
실시예 14 | 195 | 173 | 155 | 89 | ○ | 12.8 |
실시예 15 | 194 | 172 | 155 | 87 | ○ | 12.6 |
실시예 16* | 193 | 168 | 154 | 98 | ○ | 12.4 |
실시예 17 | 198 | 171 | 155 | 49 | ◎ | 12.4 |
실시예 18 | 195 | 174 | 157 | 60 | ○ | 12.2 |
실시예 19 | 195 | 168 | 155 | 46 | ◎ | 12.0 |
실시예 20* | 195 | 168 | 155 | 46 | ◎ | 12.0 |
비교예 1 | 194 | 174 | 152 | 117 | △ | 12.1 |
비교예 2 | 197 | 174 | 155 | 100 | ○ | 12.6 |
비교예 3 | 194 | 171 | 151 | 178 | × | 12.6 |
비교예 4 | 195 | 176 | 148 | 156 | × | 12.6 |
종래예 1 | 175 | 160 | 135 | 325 | × | 13.1 |
종래예 2 | 194 | 174 | 155 | 121 | △ | 14.0 |
예시 번호 |
Fe 이외의 화학조성 (질량%) | ||||||||||
C | Si | Mn | S | Ni | Cr | Cu | Nb | V | Ti | 기타 | |
실시예 21 | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.21 | 0.005 | 0.48 | 5.87 | 0.04 | 0.05 | - | - | - |
실시예 22 | 0.12 | 0.18 | 0.35 | 0.027 | 0.51 | 6.24 | 0.03 | 0.15 | - | - | - |
실시예 23 | 0.11 | 0.22 | 0.32 | 0.052 | 0.52 | 6.05 | 1.27 | 0.21 | - | - | - |
실시예 24 | 0.13 | 0.21 | 0.31 | 0.054 | 1.79 | 8.26 | 2.14 | 0.38 | - | - | - |
실시예 25 | 0.24 | 0.35 | 0.42 | 0.102 | 2.84 | 12.48 | 2.53 | 0.51 | - | - | - |
실시예 26 | 0.39 | 1.02 | 0.98 | 0.148 | 3.15 | 13.51 | 2.76 | 3.49 | - | - | - |
실시예 27 | 0.55 | 1.92 | 1.95 | 0.197 | 5.76 | 18.24 | 3.97 | 4.95 | - | - | - |
실시예 28 | 0.78 | 2.88 | 2.63 | 0.198 | 9.58 | 19.76 | 5.82 | 7.96 | - | - | - |
실시예 29 | 0.10 | 0.64 | 0.66 | 0.025 | 3.97 | 16.52 | 2.99 | 0.56 | - | - | - |
실시예 30 | 0.11 | 0.70 | 0.65 | 0.051 | 4.02 | 16.41 | 2.85 | 0.90 | - | - | - |
실시예 31* | 0.11 | 0.70 | 0.65 | 0.051 | 4.02 | 16.41 | 2.85 | 0.90 | - | - | - |
실시예 32 | 0.27 | 0.65 | 0.50 | 0.060 | 3.87 | 15.92 | 2.99 | 2.60 | - | - | - |
실시예 33 | 0.47 | 0.66 | 0.59 | 0.060 | 3.91 | 16.65 | 2.75 | 4.99 | - | - | - |
실시예 34 | 0.17 | 0.68 | 0.56 | 0.052 | 3.93 | 16.64 | 2.88 | 1.55 | - | - | - |
실시예 35 | 0.16 | 0.61 | 0.49 | 0.063 | 4.56 | 14.77 | 3.12 | 1.46 | - | - | - |
실시예 36 | 0.17 | 0.66 | 0.44 | 0.128 | 3.98 | 16.50 | 2.97 | 1.55 | - | - | - |
실시예 37 | 0.18 | 0.55 | 0.65 | 0.198 | 3.96 | 16.44 | 3.05 | 1.57 | - | - | - |
실시예 38 | 0.11 | 0.56 | 0.48 | 0.060 | 4.03 | 16.10 | 3.00 | 0.30 | 0.008 | 0.004 | - |
실시예 39 | 0.12 | 0.58 | 0.47 | 0.061 | 3.89 | 16.10 | 2.90 | 1.00 | 0.008 | 0.005 | - |
실시예 40 | 0.29 | 0.57 | 0.47 | 0.066 | 5.00 | 16.46 | 3.00 | 2.47 | 0.009 | 0.008 | Mg:0.032 |
실시예 41 | 0.18 | 0.56 | 0.48 | 0.060 | 3.76 | 16.37 | 3.00 | 1.59 | 0.008 | 0.005 | Ca:0.034 |
실시예 42 | 0.43 | 0.55 | 0.50 | 0.071 | 4.00 | 15.50 | 2.80 | 4.10 | 0.009 | 0.007 | - |
실시예 43 | 0.12 | 0.72 | 0.58 | 0.053 | 3.97 | 16.25 | 2.76 | 0.90 | - | - | Mo: 2.59 |
실시예 44 | 0.11 | 0.68 | 0.57 | 0.048 | 4.01 | 16.38 | 2.81 | 0.88 | - | - | Co: 2.76 |
실시예 45 | 0.11 | 0.69 | 0.62 | 0.051 | 4.12 | 16.13 | 2.55 | 0.79 | - | - | Al:0.035 |
비교예 5 | 0.07 | 0.63 | 0.55 | 0.035 | 4.11 | 16.78 | 2.99 | 0.40 | 0.007 | 0.003 | - |
비교예 6* | 0.07 | 0.60 | 0.41 | 0.220 | 3.94 | 16.60 | 3.00 | 0.31 | 0.008 | 0.005 | - |
비교예 7 | 0.07 | 0.60 | 0.41 | 0.290 | 3.94 | 16.60 | 3.00 | 0.31 | 0.007 | 0.005 | - |
비교예 8* | 0.15 | 0.60 | 0.41 | 0.237 | 3.94 | 16.60 | 3.02 | 1.61 | 0.008 | 0.005 | - |
비교예 9* | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.48 | 0.310 | 4.07 | 16.30 | 3.00 | 0.30 | 0.008 | 0.004 | - |
비교예 10* | 0.18 | 0.58 | 0.48 | 0.408 | 6.54 | 16.30 | 3.00 | 1.50 | 0.007 | 0.008 | - |
비교예 11 | 0.22 | 0.44 | 0.86 | 0.016 | 4.06 | 15.52 | 2.98 | 0.04 | - | - | - |
비교예 12* | 0.19 | 0.60 | 0.90 | 0.033 | 3.88 | 16.37 | 3.11 | 8.57 | - | - | - |
예시 번호 | C%+0.15Ni%-0.12Nb% (질량%) |
실시예 21 | 0.17 |
실시예 22 | 0.18 |
실시예 23 | 0.16 |
실시예 24 | 0.35 |
실시예 25 | 0.60 |
실시예 26 | 0.44 |
실시예 27 | 0.82 |
실시예 28 | 1.26 |
실시예 29 | 0.63 |
실시예 30 | 0.61 |
실시예 31* | 0.61 |
실시예 32 | 0.54 |
실시예 33 | 0.46 |
실시예 34 | 0.57 |
실시예 35 | 0.67 |
실시예 36 | 0.58 |
실시예 37 | 0.59 |
실시예 38 | 0.68 |
실시예 39 | 0.58 |
실시예 40 | 0.74 |
실시예 41 | 0.55 |
실시예 42 | 0.54 |
실시예 43 | 0.61 |
실시예 44 | 0.61 |
실시예 45 | 0.63 |
비교예 5 | 0.64 |
비교예 6* | 0.62 |
비교예 7 | 0.62 |
비교예 8* | 0.55 |
비교예 9* | 1.12 |
비교예 10* | 0.98 |
비교예 11 | 0.82 |
비교예 12* | -0.26 |
예시 번호 |
공정 탄화물 |
공정 콜로니 수(1) (개/㎟) |
핀 눌어붙음 내성 |
라이너 눌어붙음 내성 |
|||
면적율 (%) |
평균원 상당 직경(㎛) |
마찰회수 (회) |
평가 |
눌어붙음 하중 (kgf) |
평가 |
||
실시예 21 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 21 | 300 | ○ | 105 | ○ |
실시예 22 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 21 | 304 | ○ | 110 | ○ |
실시예 23 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 20 | 310 | ○ | 115 | ○ |
실시예 24 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 42 | 321 | ○ | 110 | ○ |
실시예 25 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 38 | 324 | ○ | 115 | ○ |
실시예 26 | 15.0 | 2.0 | 39 | 520 | ◎ | 125 | ◎ |
실시예 27 | 27.0 | 2.2 | 23 | 500 | ◎ | 133 | ◎ |
실시예 28 | 33.0 | 2.2 | 15 | 503 | ◎ | 130 | ◎ |
실시예 29 | 3.7 | 1 | 28 | 311 | ○ | 110 | ○ |
실시예 30 | 3.9 | 1.1 | 32 | 416 | ◎ | 125 | ◎ |
실시예 31* | 3.9 | 1.1 | 32 | 416 | ◎ | 125 | ◎ |
실시예 32 | 8.1 | 2.1 | 69 | 588 | ◎ | 133 | ◎ |
실시예 33 | 32.8 | 3.3 | 12 | 502 | ◎ | 122 | ◎ |
실시예 34 | 4.6 | 1.4 | 50 | 521 | ◎ | 130 | ◎ |
실시예 35 | 4.9 | 1.3 | 52 | 523 | ◎ | 129 | ◎ |
실시예 36 | 4.9 | 1.3 | 55 | 533 | ◎ | 131 | ◎ |
실시예 37 | 4.7 | 1.4 | 54 | 541 | ◎ | 131 | ◎ |
실시예 38 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 5 | 305 | ○ | 110 | ○ |
실시예 39 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 55 | 310 | ○ | 115 | ○ |
실시예 40 | 7.1 | 1.8 | 35 | 540 | ◎ | 125 | ◎ |
실시예 41 | 5.0 | 1.5 | 55 | 521 | ◎ | 130 | ◎ |
실시예 42 | 27 | 3 | 18 | 510 | ◎ | 120 | ◎ |
실시예 43 | 5.0 | 1.3 | 52 | 520 | ◎ | 123 | ◎ |
실시예 44 | 4.6 | 1.2 | 53 | 500 | ◎ | 120 | ◎ |
실시예 45 | 4.7 | 1.2 | 50 | 512 | ◎ | 135 | ◎ |
비교예 5 | 0.0 | - | - | 210 | △ | 88 | △ |
비교예 6* | 0 | - | - | 26 | × | 60 | × |
비교예 7 | 0 | - | - | 30 | × | 66 | × |
비교예 8* | 0.0 | - | - | 223 | △ | 89 | △ |
비교예 9* | 0.1 | 0.12 | 3 | 33 | × | 80 | △ |
비교예 10* | 6 | 1.4 | 61 | 251 | △ | 88 | △ |
비교예 11 | 0.0 | - | - | 154 | × | 82 | △ |
비교예 12* | 35.7 | 3.3 | 9.0 | 275 | △ | 103 | ○ |
예시 번호 |
황화물의 면적율(%) |
원형도가 0.7이상인황화물/전체황화물(%) | γ율 (%) |
상온연신 (%) |
0.2%의 내력(MPa) | ||
350℃ |
450℃ |
500℃ |
|||||
실시예 21 | 0.1 | 98 | 0.0 | 27.8 | 502 | 415 | 375 |
실시예 22 | 0.2 | 84 | 0.0 | 23.0 | 512 | 431 | 388 |
실시예 23 | 0.5 | 88 | 0.0 | 23.6 | 488 | 405 | 370 |
실시예 24 | 0.6 | 84 | 0.0 | 21.6 | 553 | 451 | 401 |
실시예 25 | 0.8 | 85 | 1.0 | 20.0 | 563 | 460 | 421 |
실시예 26 | 1.2 | 75 | 4.0 | 14.7 | 642 | 622 | 531 |
실시예 27 | 2.7 | 74 | 12.0 | 15.6 | 470 | 387 | 364 |
실시예 28 | 2.9 | 70 | 29.9 | 9.7 | 321 | 287 | 286 |
실시예 29 | 0.2 | 86 | 6.2 | 16.2 | 781 | 721 | 622 |
실시예 30 | 0.8 | 87 | 4.2 | 16.5 | 631 | 611 | 528 |
실시예 31* | 0.8 | 87 | 4.2 | 16.5 | 631 | 611 | 528 |
실시예 32 | 0.8 | 87 | 2.2 | 9.8 | 625 | 604 | 512 |
실시예 33 | 0.8 | 86 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 655 | 633 | 551 |
실시예 34 | 0.5 | 95 | 6.5 | 12.4 | 771 | 692 | 621 |
실시예 35 | 0.7 | 88 | 6.0 | 10.9 | 681 | 633 | 554 |
실시예 36 | 1.1 | 84 | 7.5 | 9.5 | 696 | 622 | 541 |
실시예 37 | 3.0 | 70 | 6.0 | 6.4 | 542 | 465 | 367 |
실시예 38 | 1 | 88.9 | 12.0 | 16.1 | 531 | 455 | 358 |
실시예 39 | 0.9 | 92.5 | 10.0 | 15.5 | 661 | 610 | 544 |
실시예 40 | 1 | 87.7 | 28.8 | 9.8 | 686 | 623 | 545 |
실시예 41 | 0.8 | 81 | 5.8 | 9.9 | 677 | 633 | 541 |
실시예 42 | 1.1 | 88 | 6.6 | 2.6 | 645 | 611 | 533 |
실시예 43 | 0.6 | 88 | 3.2 | 10.3 | 655 | 621 | 535 |
실시예 44 | 0.5 | 84 | 4.0 | 9.7 | 661 | 629 | 541 |
실시예 45 | 0.5 | 89 | 4.0 | 12.5 | 630 | 605 | 526 |
비교예 5 | 0.2 | 86.4 | 6.2 | 16.2 | 781 | 721 | 622 |
비교예 6* | 2.8 | 66.7 | 8.7 | 10.5 | 671 | 610 | 510 |
비교예 7 | 3.1 | 65 | 11 | 10.1 | 665 | 606 | 503 |
비교예 8* | 2.8 | 67 | 8.7 | 11.1 | 671 | 610 | 510 |
비교예 9* | 3.3 | 61.3 | 96 | 12.2 | 446 | 437 | 398 |
바교예 10* | 3.8 | 58.9 | 33.1 | 11.6 | 512 | 468 | 432 |
비교예 11 | 0.1 | 89 | 18.2 | 12.1 | 621 | 601 | 561 |
비교예 12* | 0.2 | 90 | 7.7 | 1.1 | 633 | 608 | 541 |
예시 번호 |
세로탄성계수 (GPa) | 열균열 내성 | 상온~500℃의 평균선팽창계수 (×10-6/℃) |
|||
350℃ |
450℃ |
500℃ |
최대균열 길이(㎛) |
평가 |
||
실시예 21 | 197 | 177 | 161 | 98 | ○ | 12.1 |
실시예 22 | 198 | 178 | 163 | 95 | ○ | 12.5 |
실시예 23 | 199 | 177 | 162 | 90 | ○ | 12.2 |
실시예 24 | 197 | 177 | 155 | 78 | ○ | 12.3 |
실시예 25 | 197 | 176 | 154 | 47 | ◎ | 12.3 |
실시예 26 | 196 | 177 | 156 | 44 | ◎ | 12.2 |
실시예 27 | 196 | 176 | 159 | 54 | ○ | 12.1 |
실시예 28 | 197 | 172 | 159 | 87 | ○ | 12.1 |
실시예 29 | 195 | 182 | 161 | 33 | ◎ | 12.1 |
실시예 30 | 197 | 184 | 151 | 62 | ○ | 11.9 |
실시예 31* | 197 | 184 | 151 | 62 | ○ | 11.9 |
실시예 32 | 194 | 170 | 153 | 48 | ◎ | 12.0 |
실시예 33 | 196 | 171 | 152 | 97 | ○ | 12.1 |
실시예 34 | 191 | 176 | 163 | 27 | ◎ | 12.1 |
실시예 35 | 196 | 177 | 156 | 40 | ◎ | 12.1 |
실시예 36 | 190 | 178 | 155 | 42 | ◎ | 12.5 |
실시예 37 | 190 | 175 | 161 | 80 | ○ | 12.4 |
실시예 38 | 190 | 177 | 156 | 31 | ◎ | 11.8 |
실시예 39 | 195 | 170 | 155 | 20 | ◎ | 11.6 |
실시예 40 | 193 | 177 | 155 | 54 | ○ | 12.5 |
실시예 41 | 193 | 175 | 165 | 26 | ◎ | 12.6 |
실시예 42 | 190 | 178 | 158 | 44 | ◎ | 11.5 |
실시예 43 | 195 | 176 | 155 | 41 | ◎ | 12.2 |
실시예 44 | 192 | 176 | 156 | 42 | ◎ | 12.3 |
실시예 45 | 191 | 177 | 157 | 50 | ◎ | 12.1 |
비교예 5 | 195 | 182 | 161 | 35 | ◎ | 12.1 |
비교예 6* | 169 | 158 | 138 | 162 | × | 11.5 |
비교예 7 | 171 | 155 | 136 | 179 | × | 12.5 |
비교예 8* | 169 | 158 | 138 | 162 | × | 11.5 |
비교예 9* | 162 | 154 | 132 | 110 | △ | 18 |
비교예 10* | 164 | 156 | 135 | 122 | △ | 17.2 |
비교예 11 | 193 | 171 | 150 | 168 | × | 12.4 |
비교예 12* | 194 | 171 | 149 | 150 | △ | 12.2 |
Claims (22)
- 일체로 주조된 주강으로 이루어지는 내연기관용 피스톤으로서,상기 주강이 질량비로, C: 0.8% 이하(0%를 포함하지 않음), Si: 3% 이하(0%를 포함하지 않음), Mn: 3% 이하(0%를 포함하지 않음), S: 0.02~0.2%, Ni: 3% 이하(0%를 포함하지 않음), Cr 6% 이하(0%를 포함하지 않음), Cu: 6% 이하(0%를 포함하지 않음), Nb: 0.01∼3%, 및 나머지는 실질적으로 Fe 및 불가피한 불순물로 이루어지는 조성을 가지고, 상기 주강 조직 중에는 공정(共晶) 탄화물이 포함되어 있고, 상기 공정 탄화물이 공정 콜로니를 형성한 조직을 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관용 피스톤.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 주강이 질량비로, C: 0.1∼0.55%, Si: 0.2∼2%, Mn: 0.3∼3%, S: 0.02~0.2%, Ni: 1% 이하(0%를 포함하지 않음), Cr: 3% 이하(0%를 포함하지 않음), Cu: 1∼4%, Nb: 0.1∼3%, 및 나머지는 실질적으로 Fe 및 불가피한 불순물로 이루어지는 조성을 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관용 피스톤.
- 일체로 주조된 주강으로 이루어지는 내연기관용 피스톤으로서,상기 주강이 질량비로, C: 0.1∼0.8%, Si: 3% 이하(0%를 포함하지 않음), Mn: 3% 이하(0%를 포함하지 않음), S: 0.05~0.2%, Ni: 10% 이하(0%를 포함하지 않음), Cr: 30% 이하(0%를 포함하지 않음), Cu: 6% 이하(0%를 포함하지 않음), Nb: 0.05∼8%, 및 나머지는 실질적으로 Fe 및 불가피한 불순물로 이루어지는 조성을 가지고, 상기 주강 조직 중에는 공정 탄화물이 포함되어 있고, 상기 공정 탄화물이 공통 콜로니를 형성한 조직을 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관용 피스톤.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 주강이 질량비로, C: 0.1∼0.55%, Si: 0.2∼2%, Mn: 0.3∼3%, S: 0.05∼0.2%, Ni: 0.5∼6%, Cr: 6∼20%, Cu: 1∼4%, Nb: 0.2∼5%, 및 나머지는 실질적으로 Fe 및 불가피한 불순물로 이루어지는 조성을 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관용 피스톤.
- 제3항 또는 제4항에 있어서,상기 주강이 질량비로, C, Ni, Nb를 0.05 < (C%+0.15Ni%-0.12Nb%) ≤ 0.8의 범위로 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관용 피스톤.
- 제3항 또는 제4항에 있어서,상기 주강은 베이스 조직의 오스테나이트상이 30% 미만인 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관용 피스톤.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 주강이 추가적으로 V 및 Ti 중 적어도 1종을 0.5질량% 이하(0%를 포함하지 않음)로 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관용 피스톤.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 주강이 추가적으로 Al, Mg 및 Ca 중 적어도 1종을 0.04질량% 이하(0%를 포함하지 않음)로 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관용 피스톤.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 주강 조직 중의 공정 탄화물이 면적율로 1~35%인 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관용 피스톤.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 공정 탄화물의 평균 원(圓) 상당 직경이 3㎛ 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관용 피스톤.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 공정 클로니를 둘러싸는 포락선에 의해 둘러싸인 면적을 상기 공정 클로니의 면적으로 할 때, 50㎛2 이상의 면적을 가지는 공정 콜로니의 수가 1㎟의 조직 단면 중에 10개 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관용 피스톤.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 공정 탄화물이 Nb 탄화물을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관용 피스톤.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 주강 조직 중의 황화물의 면적율이 0.2∼3.0%이고, 전체 황화물의 수에 대한 원형도(圓形度)가 0.7 이상인 황화물의 수(數)가 70% 이상인 내연기관용 피스톤.
- 제13항에 있어서,상기 황화물은 Mn 및 Cr 중 적어도 1종과 S로 생성된 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관용 피스톤.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 주강이 350℃∼500℃의 범위에서 350MPa 이상의 0.2% 내력 및 140GPa 이상의 종탄성계수를 가지고, 또한 상온∼500℃에서의 평균 선팽창 계수가 10∼16×10-6/℃인 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관용 피스톤.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 기재된 내연기관용 피스톤을 제조하는 제조 방법에 있어서,상기 주강을 주조한 후 850℃ 이상으로 유지한 후 공랭시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 제조 방법.
- 제3항 또는 제4항에 기재된 내연기관용 피스톤을 제조하는 제조 방법에 있어서,상기 주강을 주조한 후 450℃ 이상으로 유지한 후 공랭시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 제조 방법.
- 제17항에 있어서,상기 주강을 주조한 후 1000℃ 이상으로 유지하여 급랭한 후, 450℃ 이상으로 유지한 후 공랭시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관용 피스톤의 제조 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,헤드부, 핀보스부, 및 스커트부가 일체로 주조되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관용 피스톤.
- 제19항에 있어서,냉각 공동부를 더 포함하여 일체로 주조되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관용 피스톤.
- 제20항에 있어서,상기 피스톤이 디젤엔진용 피스톤이며, 상기 헤드부에 연소실을 가지고, 상기 연소실의 근방에 냉각 공동부가 형성되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관용 피스톤.
- 삭제
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- 2004-03-31 KR KR1020057015993A patent/KR101087562B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2004-03-31 US US10/551,645 patent/US7503304B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-03-31 JP JP2005505705A patent/JP4500259B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-31 WO PCT/JP2004/004629 patent/WO2004094808A1/ja active Search and Examination
- 2004-03-31 EP EP04724758A patent/EP1612395A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-03-31 CN CNB2004800080547A patent/CN100535423C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-31 EP EP10013315.6A patent/EP2295777B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4500259B2 (ja) | 2010-07-14 |
US20060191508A1 (en) | 2006-08-31 |
EP1612395A1 (en) | 2006-01-04 |
WO2004094808A1 (ja) | 2004-11-04 |
EP2295777A1 (en) | 2011-03-16 |
US7503304B2 (en) | 2009-03-17 |
JPWO2004094808A1 (ja) | 2006-07-13 |
EP2295777B1 (en) | 2016-12-07 |
CN100535423C (zh) | 2009-09-02 |
KR20050113624A (ko) | 2005-12-02 |
EP1612395A4 (en) | 2010-08-04 |
CN1764775A (zh) | 2006-04-26 |
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