KR101016780B1 - DC Voltage Leakage Circuit Breaker - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is to avoid the occurrence of electric shock accident, leakage caused by a short circuit, mechanical damage, etc. in the photovoltaic power plants, electric vehicles and ships using high voltage DC electricity, DC leakage circuit breaker that detects the leakage voltage and operates to open both the negative (+) and positive (+) contacts.

Description

Earth Leakage Breaker for Direct Current

The present invention relates to a DC voltage leakage breaker for use in electric vehicles, ships, and solar power plants using high voltage DC electricity, and in particular, there is no electric shock caused by leakage current, fire occurrence due to electric short circuit, or mechanical damage. The present invention relates to a DC voltage leakage circuit breaker which detects a leakage current flowing to the grounded object and operates a warning display and / or a negative (+) or positive (+) open / close contact part in an off position. .

In general, it is well known that an earth leakage breaker is used in order to prevent direct damage to various machines and electrical devices or components or supplies, or to prevent electric shock or fire.

Particularly in the case of electric vehicles or electric ships using high voltage electricity, if a collision or collision occurs during operation, not to mention serious breakage of the vehicle body, the high voltage electric wire is in contact with the vehicle body or the hull. There is a fear that a second large accident such as an electric shock or a fire accident of a driver or passengers may occur. As a prior art for preventing such an accident, there are patent documents as described below. Among these prior arts, Patent Registration No. 10-0204273 relates to a 'leakage circuit breaker of a battery for an electric vehicle'. It is a problem that it is difficult to detect an accurate short circuit because the battery consumption is not properly checked because the short circuit is detected by the consumption of the battery. Also, Patent Publication No. 10-2005-0040718 also relates to a ground fault breaker. However, this prior art is merely a "DC power supply circuit for supplying electronic circuits embedded in equipment used in the alternating current circuit."

Domestic Patent Registration No. 10-0204273 'Earth Circuit Breaker of Electric Vehicle Battery' Domestic Patent Publication No. 10- 2005-0040718 'Earth Circuit Breaker using DC Power Circuit and DC Power Circuit'

Therefore, an object of the present invention was developed to solve the above problems, due to the precise detection to distinguish whether the leakage current is + polarity or-polarity or whether there is a problem in both negative and positive polarity, Convenience to enable users to quickly cope with the problem of power supply, safety to prevent the occurrence of safety accidents due to leakage of electricity, commerciality of mass production in a simple structure, and applicable anywhere It is to provide a DC voltage circuit breaker with all the convenience.

DC voltage leakage circuit breaker according to the present invention for achieving the above object is provided on the negative and positive lines of the DC power supply of claim 1, the opening and closing contact portion for intermittent (전원) power applied to the load side; A constant voltage power supply unit rectifying power applied from the DC power source and applying a rectified voltage to the open / close contact unit; A voltage is applied from the constant voltage power supply unit so that the ground is connected to the grounded object, and the cathode or anode voltage leaked from the grounded object can be distinguished from each other or the cathode and the cathode can be simultaneously detected. Negative and positive voltage detectors; When the voltage rectified from the constant voltage power supply unit is formed to be inserted between the negative and positive voltage detection units, and the voltage detected from the negative and positive voltage detection units is less than a predetermined reference voltage. The control unit outputs a signal for confirming that there is a problem in the polarity of either the negative or the positive polarity of the DC power supply through the display unit, and when the sensing voltage is equal to or higher than a preset reference voltage, And a central processing unit (CPU) for outputting a signal for operating the switching contact to the off position.

The DC voltage leakage circuit breaker according to the present invention for achieving the above object, according to claim 1, wherein the negative and positive voltage sensing unit according to the voltage applied to the diodes, the voltage applied from the diodes Transistors and resistors for generating a signal for switching the switching contact to the off position or for outputting a warning indication, and for protecting the transistors by changing the applied high voltage to a low voltage It is characterized by consisting of zener diodes.

The DC voltage leakage circuit breaker according to the present invention for achieving the above object is the one of claim 3, wherein the display unit is any one of a warning sound display or a color display indicating that one of the negative electrode and the positive electrode is a problem. It is characterized by.

The present invention detects a leakage current (for example, a car body when the object to be grounded is a vehicle, a body which is a body when the machine is a body, and a current flowing into the hull when a ship), and opens and closes the opening and closing contact portions of the negative and positive electrodes. By switching to the off position or warning of negative and positive problems, it is possible to quickly and accurately find and deal with accidents such as electric shock, fire occurrence and gas damage caused by leakage current, and simple structure. In addition to the economic effect that can be mass-produced and distributed to Anga, as well as using a DC power supply has a convenient effect that can be easily applied anywhere.

1 is an electrical configuration diagram of a DC voltage leakage breaker of the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a detailed circuit diagram illustrating the DC voltage leakage breaker shown in FIG. 1.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a DC voltage leakage circuit breaker according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is an electrical configuration diagram of a DC voltage circuit breaker according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a detailed circuit configuration diagram of the DC voltage leakage circuit breaker shown in FIG. 1.

As shown in the drawing, when the DC voltage leakage breaker 100 of the present invention is roughly divided, the opening and closing contact part 104, the central processing part 105, the constant voltage power supply part 108, and the negative and positive voltage sensing parts 106a are provided. , 106b).

The opening and closing contact portion 104 is installed in the negative (-) and positive (+) lines of the DC power source 102 for generating a high voltage direct current, respectively, the load (負荷, for example, electric drive motors of electric vehicles or ships and It is an operation of interrupting (off / on) power applied to various electrical components, various electrical components of a photovoltaic power plant, etc., and is composed of a relay switch or a magnetic switch.

The constant voltage power supply 108 is connected to the positive pole of the DC power supply 102 to stabilize the power applied from the DC power supply 102. That is, the constant voltage power supply 108 is connected to the resistors R1, R2, R3 and R4, the zener diodes ZD1 and ZD2 and the capacitors C1, C2 and C3, as shown in FIG. It is composed of a stable voltage generated here, the central processing unit 105, the opening and closing contact point 104, the negative and positive voltage detection unit (106a, 106b) consisting of the CPU and the user to easily check the warning sound generated according to the detection voltage Operating power is supplied to the display unit 109 displaying the color or the color, respectively.

Each of the negative and positive voltage sensing units 106a and 106b is configured to apply the same voltage (for example, 6v each) from the constant voltage power supply 108. The negative and positive voltage sensing units 106a and 106b form an electrical circuit and are respectively grounded to the grounded object 10. The negative and positive voltage sensing units 106a and 106b are grounded to the grounded object 10 because the negative electrode of the current leaking from the DC power supply 102 to the grounded object 10 side. Or to quickly detect the positive voltage. The sensed voltages are applied to the central processing unit 105, which will be described later. The voltage sensing from the grounded object 10 by the positive and negative voltage sensing units 106a and 106b is performed by the positive and negative polarities of the grounded material 10, for example, due to a damage or a short circuit of the DC power supply 102 line system. It is detected when it flows in contact with.

The negative and positive voltage sensing units 106a and 106b may turn off the opening and closing contact unit 104 or may output a voltage necessary for outputting a warning signal or the like through the display unit 109 to the central processing unit 105. Transistors TR1 by changing the diodes D1 and D2, the resistors R5, R6, R7, and R8, and the high voltage to the low voltages, which flow current through the transistors TR1 and TR2 and the transistors TR1 and TR2. , Zener diodes (ZD3, ZD4) to protect the TR2). Therefore, when a voltage processed through the diodes D1 and D2 is applied to the bases of the transistors TR1 and TR2 when there is a leakage current from the grounded object 10, the transistors TR1 and TR2 are turned on. While being turned on, a signal voltage is applied to the central processing unit 105, which will be described later, so that the central processing unit 109 displays a necessary warning signal or outputs a signal for controlling the power supply to be cut off. In this case, a short circuit is detected and a leakage current is generated so that a signal supplied to the transistors TR1 and TR2 of the negative and positive voltage sensing units 106a and 106b flows through the diodes D1 and D2. To cut off the voltage, diodes D1 and D2 are used to protect transistors TR1 and TR2. The central processing unit 105 is a circuit through which all of the voltage rectified from the constant voltage power supply 108 may be applied, and is inserted between the negative and positive voltage sensing units 106a and 106b. Therefore, when the voltage sensed by the negative and positive voltage sensing units 106a and 106b is less than a reference voltage (for example, 12V) already set in the central processing unit 105, one of the negative and positive poles of the DC power supply 102 The display unit 109 displays a signal indicating that the polarity is shorted or damaged to contact the grounded object 10. In addition, when the sensing voltage is equal to a preset reference voltage (for example, 12V), the central processing unit 105 controls a control signal for operating the switching contact point 104 of the DC power supply 102 to be switched to an off position. Output to the opening and closing contact portion 104.

That is, when any one of the + polarity and the-polarity of the DC power supply 102 is in contact with the grounded object 10 due to damage or short-circuit, a leakage current flows through the grounded object. Any one of the polarities is sensed by one of the negative and positive voltage sensing units 106a and 106b, and the negative and positive voltage sensing units 106a and 106b are either positive or negative. A predetermined voltage of is output and applied to the central processing unit 105. At this time, the central processing unit 105 compares the applied voltage 6V with the voltage 12V already set. As soon as it is confirmed that the comparison is less than the predetermined reference voltage 12V, the central processing unit 105 displays the display unit 109. ) To indicate that there is a problem with the corresponding line of either + polar or -polar (e.g. yellow if + polarity is a problem, blue if -polarity is a problem) or a buzzer By controlling, the user can easily confirm through the display unit 109 to perform a quick process.

On the other hand, unlike the above, when both the + and-polarities are shorted or damaged, the leakage voltage generated due to contact with the grounded object 10 is sensed by the negative and positive voltage sensing units 106a and 106b. The voltages of the anodes processed and output by the negative and positive voltage sensing units 106a and 106b are all applied to the central processing unit 105. In this case, the central processing unit 105 applies a voltage applied from the positive electrode (a 6V per pole and 12V) are compared with the already set voltage (12V), and as soon as it is confirmed that the comparison is the same as the reference voltage, the central processing unit 105 controls to apply an output signal to the opening and closing contact part 104. The opening and closing contact portion 104 is quickly cut off to be switched to an off state, and as a result, the power flowing to the load side is cut off, and an electric shock or fire due to leakage of high voltage applied from the DC power supply 102 No accident The.

When the leakage factor is solved, the open / close contact portion 104, which is a relay switch, is returned to its original state, which is the solid line position shown in FIG.

The earth leakage circuit breaker of the above embodiment has been described with an example in which signals detected from the negative and positive voltage detection units 106a and 106b are controlled by the CPU. However, the negative and positive voltage detection units 106a and 106b are directly installed without installing a CPU. The electrical signal sensed from) may be directly applied to the open / close contact point 104 to determine whether the open / close contact point 104 is blocked. This technique can be sufficiently predicted from Figure 2 of the above embodiment.

The present invention is a device that generates a DC high voltage, due to the convenience that can be easily applied and used, and the precise detection that tells whether the leakage current is positive or negative or whether there is a problem in both negative and positive polarity In addition, it is useful to allow users to quickly cope with power source problem factors.

100: earth leakage breaker 102: DC power supply
104: opening and closing contact portion 105: central processing unit (CPU)
106a, 106b: negative and positive voltage detection unit
108: constant voltage power supply

Claims (3)

An opening / closing contact portion installed in the negative and positive lines of the DC power supply to interrupt the power applied to the load side;
A constant voltage power supply unit rectifying power applied from the DC power source to apply a predetermined voltage to the open / close contact unit;
A voltage is applied from the constant voltage power supply unit, which is grounded to the grounded object, and distinguishes the negative or positive voltage leaked from the grounded object or makes it possible to simultaneously detect the positive and negative electrodes. Negative and positive voltage sensing unit; And
The voltage rectified from the constant voltage power supply unit may be formed between the negative and positive voltage detection units, and when the voltage detected from the negative and positive voltage detection units is less than a predetermined reference voltage. The control unit outputs a signal for confirming that there is a problem in the polarity of either the negative or negative pole of the DC power supply through the display unit, and when the sensing voltage is equal to or greater than a preset reference voltage, A DC voltage leakage breaker comprising a central processing unit for outputting a signal for operating the contact unit to be switched to an off position. The method of claim 1, wherein the negative and positive voltage sensing unit outputs a signal for switching the switching contact unit to the off position according to the voltage applying diodes and the voltage applied from the diodes, or Or transistors and resistors for generating a voltage outputting a warning display through a display unit, and zener diodes for protecting the transistors by changing the applied high voltage to low voltage. delete

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