KR100945452B1 - Heat pump system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a heat pump apparatus, and more particularly, by installing a brine device outside the second heat exchanger, to improve evaporation of the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger during heating operation with low outside air temperature, and to cool the outside air temperature high. Since the condensation of the refrigerant vapor is good at the time of operation, the coefficient of performance is improved, so that it can be efficiently maintained regardless of the season, and the brine device which prevents freezing generated outside the second heat exchanger due to the outdoor ambient temperature By blocking the icing in advance by blocking, and during the heating operation, the brine device is also operated at the same time according to the external air temperature is characterized in that the efficiency and efficiency of the system is increased by reducing the time and energy required for a separate defrosting operation.

Description

Heat Pump System

The present invention relates to a heat pump apparatus, and more particularly, by installing a brine device outside the second heat exchanger, to improve evaporation of the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger during heating operation with low outside air temperature, and to cool the outside air temperature high. Since the condensation of the refrigerant vapor is good at the time of operation, the coefficient of performance is improved, so that it can be efficiently maintained regardless of the season, and the brine device which prevents freezing generated outside the second heat exchanger due to the outdoor ambient temperature By blocking the icing in advance by blocking the frost in advance, and during the heating operation, the brine device is also operated at the same time according to the external air temperature is related to the heat pump device that the efficiency and efficiency of the system is increased by reducing the time and energy required for a separate defrosting operation in the past .

In general, a heat pump type cooling / heating system is configured by connecting a compressor, a four-way valve, an indoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, and the four-way valve in order with a conduit, and connecting the four-way valve and the compressor with a suction conduit. In the heating operation, the four-way valve is operated so that the high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant vapor compressed by the compressor flows to the indoor heat exchanger side, and the high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant vapor is condensed in the indoor heat exchanger acting as a condenser. Heat or heat the indoor air by heat-exchange to perform the heating or drying function, and expand the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant condensed in the indoor heat exchanger in the expansion valve and then air in the outdoor heat exchanger acting as an evaporator (air) Is evaporated to a low temperature and low pressure refrigerant vapor and then sucked into the compressor and Repeat the cloak.

During the cooling operation, the four-way valve is operated so that the high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant vapor compressed by the compressor flows to the outdoor heat exchanger side, thereby condensing the air as a heat source in the outdoor heat-exchanger acting as a condenser. After expanding the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger in the expansion valve to evaporate the refrigerant in the indoor heat exchanger acting as an evaporator to absorb the evaporation heat from the fluid to generate cold water or to cool the indoor air to cool The low temperature and low pressure refrigerant vapor evaporated from the indoor heat exchanger is sucked into the compressor and the above cycle is repeated.

The heat pump type cooling / heating system has good evaporation of the refrigerant by forming frost on the surface of the outdoor heat exchanger when the outdoor air temperature falls below the dew point when the outdoor heat exchanger evaporates the refrigerant using the outdoor air as a heat source during the heating operation. In this case, the heating capacity is remarkably decreased, and solving the lowering of the heating capacity of the heat pump system has become an important research and development direction of the heat pump system.

Patents 367176 and 486095 disclose a heat pump type cooling and heating device and a heat pump system for responding to the request.

The heat pump type air conditioner is connected to a compressor, a four-way valve, an indoor heat exchanger, a pressure reducing device, an outdoor heat exchanger, and the four-way valve in a conduit, and to a refrigerant circuit connecting the four-way valve and the compressor by a suction conduit. A second heating circuit provided in a conduit between the compressor and the four-way valve, and an auxiliary heat exchanger connected to the second heating circuit and installed on at least one side of the outdoor heat exchanger, have an outside air temperature below the dew point temperature. When descending to, the heat medium of the second heating circuit is heated by the heat of condensation of the refrigerant gas of the high temperature and high pressure compressed by the compressor, and the heat medium is circulated to the auxiliary heat exchanger provided on the side of the outdoor heat exchanger to circulate the outside air sucked into the outdoor heat exchanger. In addition, heating and convection heating and radiant heating are used in combination to ensure comfortable heating.

The heat pump system connects a compressor, a four-way valve, an indoor heat exchanger, a cooling expansion valve, a heating expansion valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, and the four-way valve in a conduit, and connects the four-way valve and the compressor to a suction conduit. One basic refrigeration circuit; A hot water heating circuit connected between the compressor and the four-way valve of the conduit; It is installed between the cooling expansion valve and the heating expansion valve of the conduit to fill the heat medium, and between the latent heat storage material and the heating heat exchanger connected to the hot water heating circuit, and between the cooling expansion valve and the heating expansion valve of the conduit. A heat storage tank incorporating the installed recondensation heat exchanger; The heat storage tank is connected to a return pipe provided with a supply pipe and a circulation pump, and is configured as a heat exchanger installed on the suction side of the outdoor heat exchanger, and the heat medium charged in the heat storage tank is maintained by the recondensation heat exchanger and the heat exchanger. The heat medium maintaining the set temperature is supplied to a heat exchanger installed on the suction side of the outdoor heat exchanger to preheat the outside air during the heating operation of the dew point below the dew point and to cool the outside air during the cooling operation having a high outside temperature. .

However, the heat pump type air conditioner and the heat pump system arrange an auxiliary heat exchanger or a heat exchanger on the suction side of the outdoor heat exchanger, and heat exchange the outdoor air preheated or cooled in the auxiliary heat exchanger or the heat exchanger by the suction fan. Inhalation to the air side will not only defrost the frost generated between the fins of the outdoor heat exchanger, but also take longer defrost time, and will also reheat when the cooled air passes through the fins. It is not good.

In addition, the heat pump type air-conditioning and heating device indirectly heats the heat medium and the outside air stored in the heat storage tank through the heat pipe, thereby reducing the outside air heating efficiency.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above conventional problems,

Since the brine device is installed outside the second heat exchanger, the refrigerant evaporates in the second heat exchanger during the heating operation with low outside temperature, and the refrigerant vapor is condensed during the cooling operation with the high outside temperature. It is an object to provide a heat pump apparatus that can be improved, and thus can be efficiently maintained regardless of the season.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump apparatus for preventing freezing by preventing the freezing generated in the outside of the second heat exchanger due to the outdoor outside temperature by a brine device.

In addition, the present invention has a further object to provide a heat pump device in which the brine device is also operated at the same time in accordance with the external temperature during the heating operation to reduce the time and energy required for a separate defrosting operation in the past, thereby increasing the efficiency of the system.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a compressor for compressing the refrigerant vapor at a high temperature, high pressure;

During the heating, the refrigerant of high temperature and high pressure transferred through the compressor is used as a condenser by exchanging heat with the secondary fluid introduced from the room, and during cooling, the refrigerant transferred through the second heat exchanger is exchanged with the secondary fluid introduced from the room. A first heat exchanger to be used as an evaporator;

A first expansion valve connected to the first heat exchanger to expand the refrigerant conveyed by condensation in the second heat exchanger during cooling;

During heating, the refrigerant transferred through the first heat exchanger is used as an evaporator by exchanging heat with the outdoor air, and during cooling, the second refrigerant used as a condenser by exchanging the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant transferred through the compressor with the outdoor air. A heat exchanger;

A second expansion valve connected to the second heat exchanger to expand the refrigerant conveyed by condensation in the first heat exchanger when heated;

The refrigerant condensed through the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger is temporarily stored therein to compensate for the insufficient refrigerant, and the first expansion valve and the second expansion valve are configured to transfer only the refrigerant to the first expansion valve and the second expansion valve. A receiver connected to the valve;
A first four-way valve connected to the compressor, the first heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger to selectively transfer the refrigerant to a desired flow path;
A second four-way valve connected to the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, and the receiver to selectively transfer the refrigerant to a desired flow path;

A brine device connected to the second heat exchanger for suppressing freezing occurring on an outer surface of the second heat exchanger by an outdoor air temperature when heated;

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And a controller for controlling each device based on data inputted in electrical speech with each of the components.

As described above, in the heat pump device of the present invention, a brine device is installed outside the second heat exchanger, thereby making it possible to improve evaporation of the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger during a heating operation with low outside air temperature, and to provide a cooling operation with high outside air temperature. Since the condensation of the refrigerant vapor at the time is improved, the coefficient of performance is improved, and accordingly, there is an effect that can be efficiently maintained regardless of the season.

In addition, there is an effect of blocking the freezing by preventing the freezing generated in the outside of the second heat exchanger by the outdoor air temperature by the brine device.

In addition, the present invention in the heating operation, the brine device is also operated at the same time in accordance with the external air temperature has the effect of reducing the time and energy required for a separate defrosting operation in the prior art to increase the efficiency of the system.

The present invention has the following features to achieve the above object.

The present invention provides a compressor for compressing a refrigerant vapor at high temperature and high pressure;

During the heating, the refrigerant of high temperature and high pressure transferred through the compressor is used as a condenser by exchanging heat with the secondary fluid introduced from the room, and during cooling, the refrigerant transferred through the second heat exchanger is exchanged with the secondary fluid introduced from the room. A first heat exchanger to be used as an evaporator;

A first expansion valve connected to the first heat exchanger to expand the refrigerant conveyed by condensation in the second heat exchanger during cooling;

During heating, the refrigerant transferred through the first heat exchanger is used as an evaporator by exchanging heat with the outdoor air, and during cooling, the second refrigerant used as a condenser by exchanging the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant transferred through the compressor with the outdoor air. A heat exchanger;

A second expansion valve connected to the second heat exchanger to expand the refrigerant conveyed by condensation in the first heat exchanger when heated;

The refrigerant condensed through the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger is temporarily stored therein to compensate for the insufficient refrigerant, and the first expansion valve and the second expansion valve are configured to transfer only the refrigerant to the first expansion valve and the second expansion valve. A receiver connected to the valve;

A first four-way valve connected to the compressor, the first heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger to selectively transfer the refrigerant to a desired flow path;
A second four-way valve connected to the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, and the receiver to selectively transfer the refrigerant to a desired flow path;

A brine device connected to the second heat exchanger for suppressing freezing occurring on an outer surface of the second heat exchanger by an outdoor air temperature when heated;

And a controller for controlling each device based on data inputted in electrical speech with each of the components.

The present invention having such a feature will be more clearly described through the preferred embodiment accordingly.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to this, the terms or words used in this specification and claims should not be construed as being limited to the ordinary or dictionary meanings, and the inventors should properly explain the concept of terms in order to best explain their own invention. Based on the principle that can be defined, it should be interpreted as meaning and concept corresponding to the technical idea of the present invention.

Therefore, the embodiments described in the specification and the drawings shown in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical idea of the present invention, various equivalents that may be substituted for them at the time of the present application It should be understood that there may be water and variations.

1 is a schematic diagram showing a heat pump apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing a cooling, heating heat pump apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1 and 2, the heat pump apparatus of the present invention compresses, compresses, condenses, expands, and compresses a gaseous refrigerant with a compressor 10, and then selectively circulates the refrigerant at a high pressure. Compressor 10, the first and second heat exchangers (20, 30), the first and second expansion valves (60, 70), the first and second four-way valves (50, 51) and to repeat the evaporation process , A conventional refrigeration cycle device composed of the receiver 40, the brine device to prevent (freeze) the freezing occurring in the outside of the second heat exchanger (30) during the winter to prevent freezing in advance 80 is further configured, and is a refrigeration cycle device consisting of a control unit 100 for controlling the devices.

Hereinafter, the connection relationship with each device will be described in detail. The compressor is a device that compresses refrigerant vapor in a low pressure state to high pressure, converts it into high temperature, and high pressure, and then discharges the refrigerant. Here, a water separator 11 is connected to the inlet side of the compressor 10 to separate the refrigerant into a gas and a liquid before the refrigerant flows into the compressor 10, and then only the gas to the compressor 10. It is a role to transfer.

The first heat exchanger 20 is a plate heat exchanger is a device for heat exchange between the refrigerant and the secondary fluid introduced from the room, when heating the high-pressure refrigerant vapor by the heat dissipation through heat exchange in the room in the liquid state It acts as a condenser to condense, and serves as an evaporator to evaporate the refrigerant during cooling. As described above, depending on the cooling or heating cases, the circulation direction of the refrigerant is reversed.

Here, the first heat exchanger 20 is connected to the compressor 10 and the pipe on one side of one end surface, the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant vapor transferred from the compressor 10 is introduced into the inside, the other side of one end It is connected to the tube with the second heat exchanger 30, and the one side of the first heat exchanger 20 (the surface connected with the compressor and the second heat exchanger by the pipe) is connected to the room so that the secondary fluid flows from the room The pipe is connected to heat exchange the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant vapor and the room-side secondary fluid.

In this case, the first four-way valve 50 is connected to the inlet and outlet pipes of the compressor 10, the pipes connected to the first heat exchanger 20, and the pipes connected to the second heat exchanger 30, respectively. The four-way flow path can be selectively transferred to the desired flow path. In addition, the second four-way valve 51 is connected to the inlet and outlet pipes of the receiver 40, the pipe connected to the first heat exchanger 20, and the pipe connected to the second heat exchanger 30, respectively, Can be selectively transferred to a desired flow path among the four-way flow paths.

Here, the receiver compensates for the insufficient refrigerant while temporarily storing the condensed refrigerant introduced through the first heat exchanger 20 and the second heat exchanger 30 therein, and the receiver 40 of the receiver 40 The temporary use of the receiver 40 reduces the risk of the refrigeration cycle because it serves as a kind of safety device that temporarily stores only the replenishment and the refrigerant and transfers the refrigerant to the first and second expansion valves 60 and 70.

In addition, the receiver 40 is used in a refrigeration apparatus having most of the low-pressure side rich or expansion valve type refrigerant control device. In the refrigeration cycle of the present invention, the receiver 40 is installed before the first and second expansion valves 60 and 70 in the flow of the refrigerant.

The second heat exchanger 30 is a device in which the outdoor air (air) is directly in contact with the outdoor air and the refrigerant transferred therein is heat-exchanged, and is generally similar to a counterflow heat exchanger or a parallel flow heat exchanger such as a cooling tower. At this time, the second heat exchanger (30) is used as an evaporator by heat-exchanging the refrigerant transferred after the heat exchange in the first heat exchanger (20) with the outdoor air at the time of heating, and during the cooling, the high temperature transferred through the compressor, The high pressure refrigerant vapor is used as a condenser by exchanging heat with outdoor air.

The first expansion valve 60 is used for cooling, and is connected to the inlet side of the first heat exchanger 20 to expand the refrigerant transferred through the second heat exchanger 30 to the first. A solenoid valve and a check valve are introduced to the heat exchanger 20 and open and close inside the pipe to both sides of the first expansion valve 60. A bypass pipe is provided in the pipe in which the first expansion valve 60 is installed. Is installed more. At this time, the bypass pipe is provided with a check valve at one end to block the refrigerant conveyed in the reverse direction and at the same time allow the refrigerant to be transferred when the first expansion valve 60 is not used.

The second expansion valve 70 is used for heating and is connected to the inlet side of the second heat exchanger 30 to expand the refrigerant transferred through the first heat exchanger 20 to the second expansion valve. A solenoid valve and a check valve are introduced to the heat exchanger 30 and open / close the inside of the pipe to both sides of the second expansion valve 70. A bypass pipe is provided in the pipe in which the second expansion valve 70 is installed. Is installed more. At this time, the bypass pipe is provided with a check valve at one end to block the refrigerant conveyed in the reverse direction and at the same time allow the refrigerant to be transferred when the second expansion valve 70 is not used.

3 is a plan view showing a second heat exchanger installed with a brine device according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 is a front view showing a second heat exchanger installed with a brine device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, the brine device 80 suppresses freezing occurring on the outer surface of the second heat exchanger 30 due to the outside air temperature during heating, that is, freezing does not occur. As a system for preventing in advance, it is installed in the pipe connecting between the first heat exchanger 20 and the second four-way valve 51 and the refrigerant transferred through the first heat exchanger 20 and the antifreeze transferred therein The second heat exchanger is connected to the brine heat exchanger 81 for heat exchange, and the antifreeze exchanged with the brine heat exchanger 81 by a pipe is transferred therein to suppress freezing on the outer surface of the second heat exchanger 30. Combined with the outer surface of the machine 30 is a zigzag or heat transfer pipe 82 made of a plurality of two-row tube, a plurality of heat transfer fins 84 for brine installed at right angles to the brine heat pipe 82, and Brine heat exchanger (81) and brine It is installed in the pipe connecting the heat transfer tube 82 is configured to include a brine pump (83) for transferring the heat from the antifreeze brine heat exchanger (81).

Here, the brine device 80 is a signal measured by a temperature sensor installed in each of the outdoor and the second heat exchanger during the operation of the entire refrigeration cycle (heating operation), instead of operating the defrosting system separately for defrosting conventionally. Is transmitted to the control unit 100, by operating the brine pump 83 by the determination of the control unit 100, the antifreeze heat exchanged in the brine heat exchanger 81 is transferred along the tube to the brine heat transfer tube 82 It is introduced into, it is possible to suppress and prevent the frost generated in the outside of the second heat exchanger 30 by the brine heat transfer pipe 82.

In addition, the brine heat transfer pipe 82 is coupled to the second heat exchanger 30, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the outside air of the second heat exchanger 30 is installed in the second air Before the heat exchanger 30 is introduced into the heat exchanger tube 82, the heat exchanger is heated to raise the temperature of the outside air to prevent freezing. At this time, referring to Figure 3, the outer tube in the drawing is a brine heat transfer tube 82 flows through the antifreeze, the inner tube in the drawing is a refrigerant tube flows through the refrigerant, and referring to Figure 4, the left part of the drawing On the left side of the tube is a brine heat transfer tube 82 through which antifreeze flows, and on the right side of the tube on the left side is a refrigerant tube through which the refrigerant of the second heat exchanger 30 flows.

As such, the brine device 80 can be operated simultaneously with the operation of the entire refrigeration cycle to reduce the energy and time required for separate operation, and there is no need to stop the operation of the entire refrigeration cycle according to the defrost, thereby improving the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle. .

In addition, the refrigerant is secondary condensed through the brine heat exchanger 81 of the brine device 80 and condensed several times in the entire refrigeration cycle to lower the pressure on the heat exchangers 20 and 30 used as the evaporator, so that the evaporation efficiency is good. Lose. In addition, even when the brine device 80 is not operated, a slight condensation is applied through the brine heat exchanger 81.

The controller 100 is an apparatus that is electrically speaking with each of the devices and sensors described above to control and control each device by data input by a user.

In the present invention, one end of the pipe connected between the outlet side of the receiver 40 and the second four-way valve 51 has a branch pipe (90) having a smaller diameter than the pipe is branched, the branch pipe (90) The other side of is connected to one end of the pipe connected to the inlet side of the compressor (10). At this time, one end of the branch pipe 90, that is, the other end of the branch pipe 90 is further provided with a solenoid valve 91 to open and close the inside of the branch pipe 90 by the signal of the control unit 100. .

Here, the role of the branch pipe (90) is a safety device to prevent the overload by branching a predetermined amount of the refrigerant transported during cooling, during the heating a large amount of refrigerant flows into the second heat exchanger (30) to freeze. It is a safety device that prevents rapid progress.

1 is a schematic view showing a heat pump apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention,

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing a cooling, heating heat pump device according to an embodiment of the present invention,

3 is a plan view illustrating a second heat exchanger having a brine device according to one embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a front view illustrating a second heat exchanger having a brine device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: compressor 20: first heat exchanger

30: second heat exchanger 40: receiver

50: four-way valve 60: first expansion valve

70 second expansion valve 80 brine device

81: heat exchanger for brine 82: heat transfer tube for brine

83: pump for brine 84: heat transfer pin for brine

90: branch pipe 100: control unit

Claims (3)

A compressor (10) for compressing the refrigerant vapor at high temperature and high pressure; During the heating, the refrigerant of high temperature and high pressure transferred through the compressor 10 is used as a condenser by heat-exchanging with the secondary fluid introduced from the room, and the refrigerant transferred through the second heat exchanger 30 is introduced into the room during cooling. A first heat exchanger 20 used as an evaporator by heat exchange with the secondary fluid thus prepared; A first expansion valve (60) connected to the first heat exchanger (20) to expand the refrigerant conveyed by condensation in the second heat exchanger (30) during cooling; During heating, the refrigerant transferred through the first heat exchanger 20 is exchanged with outdoor air for use as an evaporator, and during cooling, the refrigerant of high temperature and high pressure transferred through the compressor is exchanged with outdoor air for condensation. A second heat exchanger 30 used; A second expansion valve 70 connected to the second heat exchanger 30 to expand the refrigerant transferred by condensation in the first heat exchanger 20 when heated; The refrigerant condensed through the first heat exchanger 20 and the second heat exchanger 30 is temporarily stored therein to compensate for the insufficient refrigerant, and only the refrigerant therein is the first expansion valve 60 and the second expansion valve ( A receiver 40 connected to the first expansion valve 60 and the second expansion valve 70 so as to be transferred to 70; A first four-way valve (50) connected to the compressor (10), the first heat exchanger (20), and the second heat exchanger (30) to selectively transfer the refrigerant to a desired flow path; A second four-way valve (51) connected to the first heat exchanger (20), the second heat exchanger (30), and the receiver (40) to selectively transfer the refrigerant to a desired flow path; A brine device (80) connected to the second heat exchanger (30) for suppressing freezing occurring on the outer surface of the second heat exchanger (30) by the outside air temperature when heated; And a controller 100 that controls each device based on data input by being electrically speeched with the components 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 51, 60, 70, and 80. The brine device 80 is installed in a pipe connecting the first heat exchanger 20 and the second four-way valve 51 to the refrigerant transferred through the first heat exchanger 20 and the antifreeze transferred therein. The second heat exchanger is connected to the brine heat exchanger 81 for heat exchange, and the antifreeze exchanged with the brine heat exchanger 81 by a pipe is transferred therein to suppress freezing on the outer surface of the second heat exchanger 30. The brine heat pipe 82 is coupled to the outer surface of the machine 30 and consists of a zigzag or a plurality of two-row pipe, a plurality of brine heat transfer fins 84 installed at right angles to the brine heat pipe 82, and The brine heat exchanger 81 and the brine heat exchanger tube 82 is connected to the tube is connected to the brine heat exchanger 81 is characterized in that it consists of a brine pump 83 to transfer the antifreeze Heat pump device. The method of claim 1, Branch pipe 90 is branched to one end of the pipe connected to the outlet side of the receiver 40, the other side of the branch pipe 90 is connected to one end of the pipe connected to the inlet side of the compressor (10) The solenoid valve (91) is further provided at one end of the branch pipe (90) to open and close the inside by a signal from the controller (100). delete

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